Histologic review of melanomas by pathologists trained in melanocytic lesions may change therapeutic approach in up to 41 9% of cases

Abstract: Melanoma Guidelines of the Brazilian Dermatology Society recommend histologic review by pathologists trained in melanocytic lesions whenever possible. Out of 145 melanoma cases identified at a private clinic in São Paulo/Brazil, 31 that had been submited to histologic review were studied to evaluate whether revision had led to change in therapeutic approach.. Differences in original/reviewed reports were found in 58.1% (n=18) of the reports, leading to changes in therapeutic approach in 41.9% (n=13). Change in diagnosis was observed in 6 out of 31 (19,3%) cases. These findings suggest that second opinion by pathologists trained in melanocytic lesions is likely to show significant differences from the original report.

Anatomical relationship of the temporobuccal branch of the mandibular nerve

The anatomical relationships of the temporobuccal branch of the mandibular nerve were examined in 20 hemi-heads from embalmed adult human cadavers. The temporobuccal nerve emerged from the mandibular nerve, passed between the two hemi-heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle, and exited laterally before entering the temporal muscle. During this trajectory, the nerve branched to the lateral pterygoid and temporal muscles. From the region of the temporal muscle, many nerve branches extended to the buccinator muscle, one branch passed to the masseter and several others to went the anterior facial region where all of these nerves anastomosed with buccal branches of the facial nerve. The descending trajectory of the temporobuccal nerve into the lateral pterygoid and temporal muscles, and the subsequent anastomose with buccal ramifications of the facial nerve, were apparent in all dissections.

Morphological study of hepatic megakaryocytopoiesis in New Zeland white rabbits during intrauterine and postnatal development

We studied hepatic megakaryocytopoiesis in New Zeland White rabbits during the intrauterine phase and after birth. Sixt females were sacrificed, two of them on the 15(th) day of pregnancy for embryo liver collection, and two on the 22(nd) and 29(th) day of pregnancy for fetus embryo collection. Six other females were allowed to complete gestation and liver of newborn rabbits was obtained on the 10(th), 21(st) and 32(nd) day after birth. Morphologically, the megakaryocytes presented scarce to abundant cytoplasm, with staining affinity ranging from slightly basophilic acidophilic. Masson trichrome staining revealed a large reddish and irregular nucleus (oval, reniform, karyokinetic and lobulated) with loose to dense chromatin and with a visible number of nucleoli depending on the chromatin pattern.

Avaliaçäo da homogeneidade da amostra em morfometria / Evaluation of the sample homogeneity in morphometry

Os autores apresentam com intuito de divulgaçäo, um método para se verificar a homogeneidade da amostra na avaliaçäo morfométrica do número de células, da densidade de volume e da densidade de superfície. O esquema apresentado permitirá ao pesquisador na fase de planejamento do trabalho, determinar à partir de contagens preliminares, o tamanho mínimo da amostra (número de campos ou de eletromicrografias) necessário para a obtençäo de resultados cientificamente consistentes, o que permitirá uma grande economia no consumo de tempo

Grau de precisäo na avaliaçäo morfométrica do número de células / Precision degree in the morphometric cell number evaluation

Os autores apresentam com o intuito de divulgaçäo, um método para se estimar o grau de precisäo na avaliaçäo morfométrica do número absoluto de células em um orgäo. Este método permitirá ao pesquisador durante a fase de planejamento do projeto de pesquisa, calcular à partir de contagens iniciais, o tamanho da amostra (número total de campos histológicos) necessário para se trabalhar com um nível pré-estabelecido de erro nas avaliaçöes. Este fato é muito importante porque, às vezes, dependendo do objetivo do trabalho, um grau muito alto de precisäo pode näo ser necessário, nesse caso, estabelecendo-se um coeficiente de variaçäo aceitável, ocorrerá um enorme ganho no consumo de tempo

Condrosarcoma laríngeo: reporte de un caso / Laryngeal chondrosarcoma: a case report

Los condrosarcomas de laringe son extremadamente raros, abarcan el 1 por ciento de todos los tumores malignos de laringe. El presente caso es una mujer de 79 años de edad, a quien se diagnóstico condrosarcoma laríngeo por biopsia tomada por laringoscopía directa. Se hizo laringectomía total, encontrándose libre de tumor tres años después

Linfangioma amigdalino: presentación de un caso / Tonsillar lymphangioma: case report

El linfangioma de la amígdala es una neoplasia poco frecuente. De los numerosos casos de tumoraciones amigdalinas benignas reportados, pocos corresponden a linfangiomas. Se describe un caso de linfangioma amigdalino y se presenta una revisión de la literatura

Comparación entre el valor diagnóstico de la citología de la impresión y el estudio histológico de las biopsias tomadas a través del broncofibroscopio en sospecha de cáncer

Introducción: Hay buena experiencia acumulada con la citología en el estudio de masas pulmonares sometidas a punción percutánea. Por el contrario,no hay información suficiente acerca de la precisión diagnóstica de la citología de la impresión (imprint) de las biopsias tomadas durante la broncofibroscopia en casos de sospecha de enfermedad maligna. Objetivo : Precisar el valor diagnóstico de la citología de la impresión de la biopsia en el estudio de patología pulmonar neoplásica. Diseño: Estudio de comparación entre dos métodos diagnósticos (histología e impresión), utilizando como patrón de oro el informe patológico definitivo. Pacientes y Métodos: Durante 10 semanas, todas las muestras de biopsias bronquial y transbronquial obtenidas a través del broncofibroscopio en casos de sospecha de malignidad se sometieron a ambos estudios y fueron analizadas sin datos clínicos adicionales. Los resultados se compararon con el diagnóstico final y se calculó sensibilidad, especifidad y valores predictivos para cada método. Resultados: Se estudiaron 126 biopsias; en 36 casos (28,5 por ciento) se confirmó el diagnóstico de cáncer, la mayoría neoplasias escamocelulares. De total, 35 fueron diagnosticados correctamente por la citología de la impresión y 32 con histología. La sensibilidad (S) de la citología alcanzó 97,2 por ciento, la sensibilidad (E= 100 por ciento, el valor predictivo positivo (VPP) 100 por ciento y el negativo (VPN) 98,9 por ciento. Para el estudio histopatológico las cifras son 88,9 por ciento, el 100 por ciento, VPP 100 por ciento y VPN 95,7 por ciento. No hay diferencias significativas entre estos valores. Conclusión: En sospecha de cáncer la utilidad diagnóstica de la citología de la impresión de las biopsias es similiar a la del estudio histológico.

Electrochemical fixation techniques: II. Electrochemical dog body fixation. Histological study

This is the first attempt to harden all organs of a body together without excising them. This process was accomplished in bottom-belted, gastrointestinal (GI) or intravenously (IV) catheterized dog cadavers so as to influx en electrolytic solution containing formaldehyde (ESF). The IV influx of ESF was found to be the best perfusion pathway. After 48 h of immersion in ESF, 24 h current time of 17.5 A of current intensity, 24º to 56ºC, we ended up with thoroughly fixed dog cadavers that were wrapped with ethyl alcohol:glycerol gauzes and stored in plastic bags at room temperature. Optical microscopy of every sliced tissue showed normal blood vessels, neurons, glial and Purkinje cells and their nuclei of brain and cerebellum, respectively. Cardiac muscle fibers were of normal appearance. Kidney Bowman's capsule and space were found to be normal excepto for vacuolarly degenerated tubules. Small intestine showed normal epithelial cells andcrypts of Lieberkühn. In liver, sinusoids were normally arrayed but showed vacuolar cell degeneration. Herin a method to attain an electrochemical whole body fixation is described

Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology in diagnosis of salivary gland tumours.

Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology of salivary gland tumours was performed in 97 patients. Histological confirmation was available in all cases except 9 cases of sialo-adenitis which responded to antibiotics. Accuracy of cytological diagnosis in exact categorisation of benign and malignant tumours was 93.7% and 91.1% respectively. False negative was 4.1%. The overall accuracy was 95.8%. There was no false positive report. Exact classification of tumour was made in 94.1% cases, ie, 80 out of 85 tumours. No complication was encountered in this procedure.