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With the determination of the whole genome sequence of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) virus, the successful breakthrough of infectious cloning technology of VZV, and the emergence of effective preventive vaccines, which have been proven to be effective and safe, varicella has become a disease preventable by specific immunity. This article will review the genomic structure, epidemiological characteristics, and research application progress of varicella vaccine and herpes zoster vaccine of varicella zoster virus to provide reference for primary prevention of the disease.
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Humanos , Herpesvirus Humano 3/genética , Herpes Zoster/prevenção & controle , Vacina contra Herpes Zoster , Vacina contra Varicela , GenômicaRESUMO
Objective:To investigate the current situation of body image and stigma of drug-resistant tuberculosis patients treated with Clofazimine, and analyze the correlation between them.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling method to investigate 150 patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis treated with Clofazimine in tuberculosis ward of Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center from October 2020 to October 2021. The general questionnaire, Body Image Scale (BIS) and Tuberculosis Related Stigma Scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey.Results:A total of 130 questionnaires were effectively collected. The body image score of 130 patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis treated with Clofazimine was (20.51 ± 6.80) points; the score of stigma was (17.78 ± 6.92) points. There was a positive correlation between the total score of disease shame and the total score of body image ( r=0.544, P<0.05). Conclusions:Patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis treated with Clofazimine have body image disorder and stigma, and the two are positively correlated. Caregivers should carry out psychological assessment and intervention at an early stage to improve the patient′s mental health level.
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Objective:To establish a multicriteria value assessment index system, so as to provide reference for hospitals access of medical consumables.Methods:In May 2021, based on the paper previously published, the expert consultation method was used to finalize the index structure, index definitions and scoring standards, along with an importance grading of the indexes. And the index weights were calculated using the analytical hierarchy process. Then the assessment scale was designed by way of multi-criteria decision analysis and mini-HTA. With the linear cutting stapler used as an example, six clinicians, three hospital administrators and the medical consumable management committee made an empirical analysis and evaluation of its general value. The coefficient of variation and Kendall coefficient of concordance were used to test the consistency of clinicians′ scores.Results:Three rounds of expert consultations finalized an index structure with 4 level-1 and 11 level-2 indexes, and on such basis a multicriteria value assessment index system for hospital access of medical consumables was established. This system comprised the clinician evaluation scale, hospital administrator evaluation scale and medical consumable management committee evaluation scale. The first two of which were used for preliminary screening, and the third for a full-scale, detailed and quantitative evaluation of those selected, hence a decision was made in the end according to the weighted sum of the three scales. This scale system was used to evaluate a foreign brand and a domestic brand of linear cutting staplers, while the former and the latter scored 90.5 and 75.4 respectively. Statistical analysis of the six clinicians found a coefficient of variation CV<0.25, and the Kendall coefficient of concordance W=0.833, proving good consistency of the evaluation criteria and results. Conclusions:The multicriteria value assessment index system proves highly scientific, comprehensive and practicable, serving a good reference for hospitals to build their value-based mechanism to select medical consumables.
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Aim To investigate the effects of long non coding RNA (LncRNA) LINC00339 on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of colon cancer (CC) cells through regulating miR-873-5p/COMP axis. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of LINC00339, miR-873-5p and COMP in CC tissues and cells. Cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis were detected by means of CCK-8, Transwell and flow cytometry respectively. The targeting relationship between miR-873-5p and LINC00339 as well as COMP was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pull-down. Results Compared with paracancer-ous tissues and normal colonic epithelial cells, the expressions of LJNC00339 and COMP were up-regulated while the expression of miR-873-5p was down-regulated in CC tissues and cells (all P < 0. 05). LINC00339 up-regulated the expression of COMP via competitive binding with miR-873-5p. Down-regulation of LINC00339 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of CC cells and induced cell apoptosis, but the effects of LINC00339 knockdown on the biological behavior of CC cells was partially saved by miR-873-5p inhibitor (all P < 0. 05). LINC00339 increased the expression level of COMP via absorbing miR-873-5p, and the up-regulation of COMP partially saved the effects of LINC00339 knockdown on CC cells (all P <0.05). Conclusions LINC00339 promotes the proliferation and invasion while inhibits apoptosis of CC cells through regulating miR-873-5p/COMP axis.
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Objective To investigate the Offset values of different applicators in afterloading brachytherapy.Methods Six types of applicators were selected in this study which included stainless steel interstitial needle (Part#083.062),proguide round needle (Part#189.608),proguide sharp needle (Part# 189.601),vaginal multi-channel applicator (Part # 110.800),fletcher CT/MR applicator (Part # 189.745)and henschke titanium applicator (Part#110.437).According to the sources imaging in the fluorography film,the distance of applicators between the first dwell position and the top could be measured.Marker was pasted on the surface of applicator corresponding to the first dwell position.And then the applicator was put into the pelvic phantom for a CT scan.During applicator reconstruction in the treatment planning system,the Offset values of all applicators could be acquired through adjusting the value of offset to superimpose the first dwell and the marker images.On account of the density of plastic material applicators were similar to human tissues,it was difficult to reconstruct the top of the applicator.With the help of stopper or simulation source,the value of offset could be acquired for plastic material applicators.Based on the measurement results,the differences were analyzed among different applicators.Results The Offset values significantly differed among various applicators.The Offset value for stainless steel interstitial needle was-11.4 mm,-4.1 mm for proguide round needle,-3.5 mm for proguide sharp needle,0 mm or-5.0 mm for vaginal multi-channel applicator,-6.5 mm for fletcher CT/MR applicator and-7.5 mm for henschke titanium applicator,respectively.Conclusion To adapt to the rapid development of precise radiotherapy,it is necessary to verify the Offset value in afterloading brachytherapy.
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@#Introduction: Despite abundant sunshine for cutaneous vitamin D synthesis, low levels of vitamin D have been documented among the Malaysian population. The aim of this study was to characterise the effects of occupational sunlight exposure and monsoon season on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was performed among Malay outdoor (n=119) and indoor workers (n=119) in Kelantan. Two-point data were collected on the same participants, first during non-monsoon season and second during the northeast monsoon season. Data collection comprised of anthropometry measurements (body mass index and body fat), fasting blood test [serum 25(OH)D concentration], and questionnaire (physical activity level, sun exposure, sun protection use, and vitamin D intake). Vitamin D classification was based on the 2011 Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines. Results: This study found that serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly higher in outdoor compared to indoor workers irrespective of season (p<0.001) and sex (p<0.001). Monsoonal differences in serum 25(OH)D concentration was only observed in male outdoor workers (mean difference=10.39 nmol/l, p<0.001). Significant association between vitamin D status and occupation was also observed (p<0.001). However, no significant association was found between vitamin D status and monsoon season [χ2(1)=0.076, p=0.783]. Conclusion: Seasonal and occupational factors should be considered while evaluating individual serum 25(OH)D concentration and in comparing community studies, especially among workers.
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Objective@#To investigate the Offset values of different applicators in afterloading brachytherapy.@*Methods@#Six types of applicators were selected in this study which included stainless steel interstitial needle (Part#083.062), proguide round needle (Part#189.608), proguide sharp needle (Part#189.601), vaginal multi-channel applicator (Part#110.800), fletcher CT/MR applicator (Part#189.745) and henschke titanium applicator (Part#110.437). According to the sources imaging in the fluorography film, the distance of applicators between the first dwell position and the top could be measured. Marker was pasted on the surface of applicator corresponding to the first dwell position. And then the applicator was put into the pelvic phantom for a CT scan. During applicator reconstruction in the treatment planning system, the Offset values of all applicators could be acquired through adjusting the value of offset to superimpose the first dwell and the marker images. On account of the density of plastic material applicators were similar to human tissues, it was difficult to reconstruct the top of the applicator. With the help of stopper or simulation source, the value of offset could be acquired for plastic material applicators. Based on the measurement results, the differences were analyzed among different applicators.@*Results@#The Offset values significantly differed among various applicators. The Offset value for stainless steel interstitial needle was -11.4 mm, -4.1 mm for proguide round needle, -3.5 mm for proguide sharp needle, 0 mm or -5.0 mm for vaginal multi-channel applicator, -6.5 mm for fletcher CT/MR applicator and -7.5 mm for henschke titanium applicator, respectively.@*Conclusion@#To adapt to the rapid development of precise radiotherapy, it is necessary to verify the Offset value in afterloading brachytherapy.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression and effect of Pim1 in primary cortical neurons after hypoxic-ischemic injury.@*METHODS@#Cortical neurons were isolated from 1-day-old C57BL/6 mice and cultured in neurobasal medium. On the 8th day of neuron culture, cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygen (OGD/R) treatment to mimic in vivo hypoxic injury of neurons. Briefly, medium were changed to DMEM medium, and cells were cultured in 1% O for 3 hours and then changed back to normal medium and conditions. Cells were collected at 0 hour, 6 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours after OGD/R. Primary neurons were transfected with Pim1 overexpression plasmid or mock plasmid, and then were exposed to normal conditions or OGD/R treatment. They were named as Pim1 group, control group, OGD/R group and OGD/R+Pim1 group respectively. Real-time PCR was used to detect Pim1 mRNA expression. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of Pim1 and apoptotic related protein cleaved caspase 3 (CC3). TUNEL staining was used to detect cell apoptosis.@*RESULTS@#Real-time PCR and Western blot results showed that Pim1 mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in neurons after OGD/R. They began to decrease at 0 hour after OGD/R, reached to the lowest at 12 hours after OGD/R, and remained at a lower level at 24 hours after OGD/R (P<0.01). Overexpression of Pim1 significantly upregulated the protein level of Pim1. Under OGD/R conditions, the CC3 expression and the apoptosis rate in cells of the Pim1 group were significantly lower than in un-transfected cells (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Hypoxic-ischemic injury may decrease Pim1 expression in neurons. Overexpressed Pim1 may inhibit apoptosis induced by OGD/R.
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Animais , Camundongos , Glucose , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Neurônios , Oxigênio , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-pim-1 , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
Based on management ideas for DRG disease grouping,it targeted at comparing the differences and maternity insurance control status of different medical groups within the same disease,provided data support on internal standard practical medical treatment and effectively controlling expenses;based on data analysis,the communication with the medical insurance management department was improved to provide suggestion on further implementation for maternity insurance.
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@#Objective To observe the effects of triptolide on drebrin and cofilin expression in the hippocampus of rats with Alzheim-er's disease (AD). Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into control group, model group and triptolide-treated group with 20 cases in each group. The AD model was established with unilateral injection of beta amyloid 1-40 (Aβ1- 40) into hippocampus in rats. The control group was established with unilateral injection of normal saline with the same volume into hippocampus in rats. The triptolide-treated group was administered triptolide intraperi-toneally, 0.4 mg/kg, once a day, for 15 days after modeling. Spine density of hippocampal neurons was assayed by Golgi staining. Drebrin and cofilin expression of hippocampal neurons was assayed by immunohistochemical staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The spine density of hippocampal neurons was higher in the triptolide-treated group than in the model group (P<0.05). The average optical density of drebrin was higher in the triptolide-treated group than in the the model group (P<0.01), while the cell number and average optical density of cofilin were lower (P<0.05). The drebrin mRNA expression was higher in the triptolide-treated group than in the model group (P<0.05), and the cofilin mRNA expression was lower (P<0.01). Conclusion Triptolide may delay the degeneration of dendritic spines in hippocampal neurons of AD rats by regulating the expression of drebrin and cofilin.
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Objective·To investigate the relationship between quantitative indices of carotid plaques from contrast-enhanced ultrasound and leukocytes, and explore the value in the patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic stroke (LAAS). Methods·A total of 62 patients with LAAS and 48 matched control subjects hospitalized in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University from June 2016 to June 2017 were enrolled. Obvious carotid plaques were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. The parameters of time-intensity curve i.e. peak (PTIC) and mean (MTIC), and the parameters of fitting curve i.e. peak (PFC), sharpness (SFC), and under the curve area (AUCFC) were obtained. These parameters were compared between the groups using two samples t tests. The correlations between the parameters and leukocyte counts were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results·① In LAAS group, the total leukocyte and neutrophil counts were higher than those of the control group, while the lymphocyte count was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). ② The PTIC, MTIC, PFC, SFC and AUCFC were significantly larger in LAAS group than those in the control group, respectively (P<0.05).③ PTIC, MTIC and PFC were negatively correlated with lymphocytes, respectively (r=-0.291, -0.263 and -0.270, P<0.05). SFC and AUCFC were positively correlated with neutrophils, respectively (r=0.261 and 0.298, P<0.05). Conclusion·Quantitative indices of carotid plaques from contrast-enhanced ultrasound are associated with circulating leukocytes, and the association helps assess the vulnerability of the plaques.
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AIM:To investigate the effect of dihydroartemisinin ( DHA) adjuvant treatment on enhancing the antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) against gastric cancer .METHODS:The gastric cancer BGC-823 cells were di-vided into control group , DHA group, 5-FU group, 5-FU+DHA group and 5-FU+DHA+SIRT1 plasmid group.The via-bility of BGC-823 cells treated with DHA and 5-FU was measured by MTT assay .The expression of SIRT1 and NADPH ox-idase, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and phosphorylation of ASK1 and JNK in the BGC-823 cells treated with DHA and 5-FU were determined by Western blot .The production of ROS and the apoptosis of the BGC-823 cells treated with DHA and 5-FU were analyzed by flow cytometry .RESULTS:Dihydroartemisinin significantly inhibited the expression of SIRT1 and increased NADPH oxidase protein level (P<0.05).DHA increased the sensitivity of BGC-823 cells to 5-FU, thus decreasing the IC50 of 5-FU to the gastric cancer cells.However, transfection with SIRT1 plasmid decreased the cytotoxicity of DHA and 5-FU co-treatment to the BGC-823 cells.DHA promoted the production of ROS and phosphoryla-tion of ASK1 and JNK induced by 5-FU in the BGC-823 cells ( P<0.05 ) .However , ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine ( NAC) or JNK specific inhibitor SP600125 inhibited the cell death and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 induced by DHA and 5-FU co-treatment (P<0.05).In addition, NAC significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK in the BGC-823 cells co-treated with DHA and 5-FU.However, treatment with SP600125 did not influence the ROS production in the BGC-823 cells, indicating that JNK was the downstream target of ROS pathway .CONCLUSION: Combination of DHA with 5-FU induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through the SIRT 1/NADPH oxidase/ROS/JNK sig-naling pathway .
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Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture therapy for the rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with renal hypertension and try to explore its mechanism. Methods We randomly select 10 Wistar rats as the blank group and 40 rats were used to make the model groups, which were divided into simple diabetes group, simple renal hypertension group, the compound group with electroacupuncture and the compound group without elec?troacupuncture, with 10 rats in each group. After a high fat and sugar diet for 4 weeks, the Wistar rats were given strepto?zotocin i. p. injection to establish models of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Renal hypertension was developed by the“2K1C” im?proved method to make unilateral renal artery ligation?induced renal artery stenosis. Then, electroacupuncture treatment was performed on the rats for 2 weeks except the compound group without electroacupuncture. The changes of values of BP, FBG, Cr, BUN, glycated hemoglobin, renin and Ang II were recorded and analyzed. Results The values of BP, FBG, Cr, BUN, glycated hemoglobin, renin and Ang II in the compound group with electroacupuncture showed a significant re?duction compared with the compound group without electroacupuncture after 2 weeks (P0?05). Conclusions The blood glucose and blood pressure in the rat model of compound group can be reduced to a normal level with continuous electroacupuncture at bilateral acupoints Zusanli, and it can also be kept at a stable level after single electroacupuncture for 2-3 days. The acupuncture therapy is more suitable for early clinical treatment and can be used in basic research with advantages of economic, safe, no side effect and so on.
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The postpartum depression outcome and the effect of psychological intervention were studied in order to reduce the occurrence and development of the postpartum depression. A survey of 4000 women within 4-6 weeks postpartum in 80 communities in Shenzhen, China was performed using random cluster sampling method. By employing Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening tool, the positive women (defined as EPDS ≥10) were randomly divided into intervention group and control group at a ratio of 1:2. The women in the intervention group were treated by means of mailing postpartum depression prevention and treatment knowledge manual, face-to-face counseling, and telephone psychological counseling interventions aiming at individual risk factors, while those in the control group were treated with conventional methods. EPDS scores were assessed in these two groups again at 6th month postpartum. Totally, 3907 valid questionnaires were obtained. All the 771 positive women were divided into two groups: 257 in the intervention group, and 514 in the control group. At 6th month postpartum, the EPDS scores in the intervention group were decreased significantly, from baseline stage (12.84±3.02) to end stage (3.05±2.93), while EPDS scores in the control group were reduced from 12.44±2.78 to 6.94±4.02. There were significant differences in the EPDS scores at end stage between the two groups (t=13.059, P<0.001). Psychological intervention can reduce postpartum depression, with better maternal compliance. It is feasible and necessary to establish postpartum depression screening and psychological intervention model in community-hospital and include the postpartum depression screening, intervention, and follow-up into the conventional healthcare.
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Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Depressão Pós-Parto , Diagnóstico , Psicologia , Terapêutica , Seguimentos , Entrevista Psicológica , Programas de Rastreamento , Psicoterapia , Métodos , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The postpartum depression outcome and the effect of psychological intervention were studied in order to reduce the occurrence and development of the postpartum depression. A survey of 4000 women within 4-6 weeks postpartum in 80 communities in Shenzhen, China was performed using random cluster sampling method. By employing Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening tool, the positive women (defined as EPDS ≥10) were randomly divided into intervention group and control group at a ratio of 1:2. The women in the intervention group were treated by means of mailing postpartum depression prevention and treatment knowledge manual, face-to-face counseling, and telephone psychological counseling interventions aiming at individual risk factors, while those in the control group were treated with conventional methods. EPDS scores were assessed in these two groups again at 6th month postpartum. Totally, 3907 valid questionnaires were obtained. All the 771 positive women were divided into two groups: 257 in the intervention group, and 514 in the control group. At 6th month postpartum, the EPDS scores in the intervention group were decreased significantly, from baseline stage (12.84±3.02) to end stage (3.05±2.93), while EPDS scores in the control group were reduced from 12.44±2.78 to 6.94±4.02. There were significant differences in the EPDS scores at end stage between the two groups (t=13.059, P<0.001). Psychological intervention can reduce postpartum depression, with better maternal compliance. It is feasible and necessary to establish postpartum depression screening and psychological intervention model in community-hospital and include the postpartum depression screening, intervention, and follow-up into the conventional healthcare.
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Objective To explore the effect of excessive fluoride on expression of mRNA and protein of Wnt3a and β-catenin in rats' osteoblasts and its correlation with pathogenic mechanism of fluorosis.Methods Thirty-six healthy SD rats,weighting 100-120 g and according to body mass,were randomly divided into three groups(twelve in each group).The rats of control were fed wich tap water(fluoride ＜ 1 mg/L) and the experimental rats were exposed to NaF(low-fluoride group:5 mg/L,high-fluoride group:50 mg/L) added to the drinking water to establish the chronic fluorosis model.After fed for eight morth,all rats were killed and metaphysic of femoral was collected.Rat dental fluorosis was observed and bone fluorine was detected by ashing-fluorin ion selective electrode method.The content of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(TRACP 5b) in rats' serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The morphologic changes of the bone were observed by microscopy.The expression of mRNA and protein of Wnt3a and β-catenin in osteoblasts of rats was analyzed with gray scale by hybridization in situ and immunohistochemistry methods,respectively.Results Detection rate of dental fluorosis,fluoride contents of urine and bone were significantly increased [control group:0.0％,(1.26 + 0.17)mg/L,(305.58 ± 91.26)mg/kg; low-fluoride group:66.7％,(2.06 ± 0.64)mg/L,(632.33 ±123.21)mg/kg; high-fluoride group:91.7％,(7.69 ± 1.96)mg/L,(1088.75 ± 156.16) mg/kg] in the rats treated with fluoride,the difference between groups was statistically significant(χ2 =21.6; F =36.57,467.02; all P ＜0.05).The contents of BALP and TRACP-5b in rats' serum were significantly different between groups(F =89.57,7.68; all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group[(16.24 + 1.57)U/L],the contents of BALP in rats' serum of the low-fluoride and high-fluoride groups[(31.47 ± 5.30) and (54.61 ± 2.27)U/L] were increased gradually(all P ＜0.05).Compared with the low-fluoride group,the value in the high-fluoride group decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).The contents of TRACP-5b in rats' serum of low-fluoride group[(3.45 ± 1.85)U/L] were elevated significantly(all P ＜ 0.05) compared with the control group[(1.26 ± 0.23)U/L] and the high-fluoride group[(2.74 ± 1.85)U/L].The bone cortices were thickened and the bone trabecula was broadened,arranged closely together in chronic fluorosis rats with significant difference compared with the control group.In the low-fluoride and high-fluoride groups,the expression levels of Wnt3a and β-catenin mRNA (low-fluoride group:132.87 ± 5.72 and 132.57 ± 9.56; highfluoride group:135.60 ± 6.64 and 137.87 ± 9.16) were markedly elevated with significant difference,respectively (F =12.47,5.96; all P ＜ 0.05) compared with those in control groups(119.86 ± 5.04 and 120.58 ± 7.84) by hybridization in situ(P ＜ 0.05),but there was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05) of the level of Wnt3a and β-catenin mRNA between low-fluoride and high-fluoride groups.In the low-fluoride and high-fluoride groups,the protein expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin (low-fluoride group:137.50 ± 4.32 and 140.85 + 3.54; high-fluoride group:142.65 ± 11.84 and 152.52 ± 4.64) were markedly elevated with significant difference,respectively (F =10.07,53.82; all P ＜ 0.05) compared with those in control group (124.01 ± 2.63 and 126.75 ± 4.65) by immunohistochemistry(all P＜ 0.05),Wnt3a protein production in the low-fluoride group was increased without statistical significance compared with the high-fluoride group (P ＞ 0.05).But the protein production of β-catenin in the lowfluoride group was elevated with significant difference compared with the high-fluoride group(P ＜ 0.05).The mRNA and protein production of Wnt3a were positively correlated with the mRNA and protein production of β-catenin (r =0.731,0.658; all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Rat bone tissue lesions caused by excessive fluoride may be associated with an increased expression of Wnt3a and β-catenin mRNA and protein in osteoblasts.In chronic fluorosis,fluoride stimulates the overexpression of Wnt3a and β-catenin in the Wnt signal transduction pathway,enhances bone osteogenesis and causes skeletal fluorosis.
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Heavy metals in cigarette tobacco such as iron may cause a serious damage on human health. Surveys showed that the accumulation of certain toxic heavy metals like cadmium, mercury, iron is very often due to the effect of smoking. This work involved 15 volunteers in two randomly divided groups having the habit of cigarette smoking over 15 cigarettes / day. Concentration level of iron in blood and urine before and after treatment using the herbal medicine, widely used in Europe, is analyzed. Determination of Iron concentration in blood and urine was calculated by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry [ICP-AES] according to the procedure DIN EN ISO 11885 ["E22" from April 1998]. The analysis shows that the concentration of iron in blood and urine samples in both groups increased in some volunteers instead of decrease. The independent T-test shows that the mean of iron concentration in the group A and group B had no significant difference [p>0.05]. The results suggested that the herbal medicine under test does not have significant influence on reduction of iron concentration levels
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Humanos , Ferro , Metais Pesados , Fumar , Cádmio , MercúrioRESUMO
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Bivalirudin was widely used as an anticoagulant during coronary interventional procedure in western countries. However, it was not available in China before this clinical trial was designed. This randomized, single-blind and multicenter clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of domestic bivalirudin during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A randomized, single-blind, multicenter trial was designed. Elective PCI candidates in five centers were randomized into a bivalirudin group and a heparin group, which were treated with domestic bivalirudin and non-fractional heparin during the PCI procedure. The efficacy was evaluated by comparing the activated coagulation time (ACT), the procedural success rate (residual stenosis < 20% in target lesions without any coronary artery related adverse events within 24 hours after PCI), and the survival rate without major adverse cardiac events at 30 days after PCI between the two groups. Safety was evaluated by the major/minor bleeding rate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 218 elective PCI patients were randomized into a bivalirudin group (n = 110) and heparin group (n = 108). Except for two patients needing additional dosing in the heparin group, the ACT values of all other patients in both groups were longer than 225 seconds at 5 minutes after the first intravenous bolus. Procedural success rates were respectively 100.0% and 98.2% in the bivalirudin group and heparin group (P > 0.05). Survival rates without major adverse cardiac events at 30 days after PCI were 100.0% in the bivalirudin group and 98.2% in the heparin group (P > 0.05). Mild bleeding rates were 0.9% and 6.9% (P < 0.05) at 24 hours, and 1.9% and 8.8% (P < 0.05) at 30 days after PCI in the bivalirudin group and heparin group respectively. There was one severe gastrointestinal bleeding case in the heparin group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Domestic bivalirudin is an effective and safe anticoagulant during elective PCI procedures. The efficacy is not inferior to heparin, but the safety is superior to heparin.</p>
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Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Antitrombinas , Usos Terapêuticos , Heparina , Usos Terapêuticos , Hirudinas , Fragmentos de Peptídeos , Usos Terapêuticos , Intervenção Coronária Percutânea , Proteínas Recombinantes , Usos Terapêuticos , Método Simples-Cego , Taxa de Sobrevida , Tempo de Coagulação do Sangue TotalRESUMO
ObjectiveTo study the using of cerrobase as the compensation material in the intensitymodulated radiation therapy (IMRT) implementation and impact factors.MethodsWith therapy planning system (TPS) exported the radiation field intensity file (Dicom RT),through measuring the attenuation coefficient of cerrobase,to calculate the processing depth of AUTIMO 3D CNC corresponding for Dicom RT files at each pixel,then using the processed foam casting of Cerrobase,produced the required IMRT compensator.Through the MATRIXX testing the IMRT compensator in clinical implementation.At the same time we compared the MU of using multi-leaf collimator (MLC) and Cerrobase IMRT compensator for 10patients.ResultsWith cerrobase compensation IMRT can get similar dose or dose distribution to dose produced by TPS for point or plane dose,error is within 5％.To comparison with MLC,using cerrobase compensator has fewer treatment times ( (4.44±0.39) min:(5.71±0.57) min (t =10.82,P =0.000) )and fewer MU (462.5 ± 65.8) MU:(524.5±99.6) MU(t=3.14,P=0.012) ).Conclusions Comparison with MLC IMRT,the cerrobase compensation technique has an important application value with its unique advantages.This research provides an implemented method of IMRT radiotherapy for the primaryhospital.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes of mRNA and protein expression of CaN in the bone of rats with chronic fluorosis, and the mechanism of skeletal fluorosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-six SD rats were divided into three groups (12 in each group, half male and half female selected according to body weight): control, low-dose and high-dose fluorosis groups. Controls were fed tap water (NaF < 0.5 mg/L), experimental animals in the low- or high-dose groups were fed water containing NaF of 5.0 and 50.0 mg/L, respectively. The rats were sacrificed after 6 months of treatment with fluoride. The serum was kept for testing bone metabolic marker bone gla protein (BGP) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the protein and mRNA levels of CaN in distal femur of the rats with chronic flurosis were assessed by immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of BGP (1.99 ± 0.62, 2.38 ± 0.16)µg/L in the low- or high-dose fluorosis groups were higher than that in the control group (0.15 ± 0.03) µg/L; and the high fluorosis group showed higher level than the low fluorosis group (all P < 0.05). Compared to the control group (131.11 ± 1.95, 111.82 ± 2.39), the protein and mRNA levels of CaN were higher in the low- or high-dose fluorosis groups (142.69 ± 1.17, 157.54 ± 1.88 and 121.28 ± 3.27, 134.63 ± 3.19, respectively), and the high fluorosis group showed higher levels than the low fluorosis group (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>BGP content could be used as a bone metabolic index in endemic fluorosis disease. Fluoride might up-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of CaN, and the changes in CaN level may be involved in the increase of the bone turnover and could be one of the pathogenetic factors in fluorosis.</p>