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Abstract Objectives This study explored novel biomarkers that can affect the diagnosis and treatment in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) related to mitochondrial metabolism. Methods The authors obtained the brain tissue datasets for AD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and downloaded the mitochondrial metabolism-related genes set from MitoCarta 3.0 for analysis. Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were screened using the "limma" R package, and the biological functions and pathways were investigated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The LASSO algorithm was used to identify the candidate center genes and validated in the GSE97760 dataset. PMAIP1 with the highest diagnostic value was selected and its effect on the occurrence of AD by biological experiments. Results A sum of 364 DEGs and 50 hub genes were ascertained. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated that DEGs were preponderantly associated with cell metabolism and apoptosis. Five genes most associated with AD as candidate central genes by LASSO algorithm analysis. Then, the expression level and specificity of candidate central genes were verified by GSE97760 dataset, which confirmed that PMAIP1 had a high diagnostic value. Finally, the regulatory effects of PMAIP1 on apoptosis and mitochondrial function were detected by siRNA, flow cytometry and Western blot. siRNA-PMAIP1 can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit cell apoptosis. Conclusion This study identified biomarkers related to mitochondrial metabolism in AD and provided a theoretical basis for the diagnosis of AD. PMAIP1 was a potential candidate gene that may affect mitochondrial function in Hippocampal neuronal cells, and its mechanism deserves further study.
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ABSTRACT Objective: to explore associations and gender differences between OHI-seeking (online health information seeking) behaviors and eHealth (electronic health) literacy among Chinese university students. Methods: Online questionnaires of eHealth literacy scale and OHI-seeking behaviors created in software Wenjunxing were used in this survey. Chi-squared tests, t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis were performed using SPSS for data analysis. Results: Among 5,383 participants, 72.4% were girls, 77.5% lived in rural areas, 51.2% majored in liberal arts, 76.6% with low education parents. The average C-eHEALS scores of boys and girls were 26.53 ± 5.861 and 26.84 ± 5.816, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.084). The top three OHI-seeking behaviors for boys and girls, as well as for the C-eHEALS low and high groups, were "finding information about physical exercises" "reading or sharing health information via social media" "finding information about nutrition and diet", all of which had significant gender and eHealth literacy differences. Conclusions: Gender and eHealth literacy differences should be focused for intervention when developing and implementing eHealth intervention training for parents and adolescents in schools and communities.
RESUMO Objetivo: Visa explorar associações e diferenças de gênero entre comportamentos de busca de OHI (busca de informações de saúde on-line) e letramento em e-Saúde (saúde eletrônica) entre estudantes universitários chineses. Métodos: Questionários on-line da escala de letramento em e-Saúde e comportamentos de busca de OHI criados no software Wenjunxing foram utilizados nesta pesquisa. Testes qui-quadrado, teste t e análise de correlação de Pearson foram realizados utilizando SPSS para análise de dados. Resultados: Dos 5.383 participantes, 72,4% eram meninas, 77,5% viviam em áreas rurais, 51,2% eram formados em artes liberais, 76,6% tinham pais com baixa escolaridade. As pontuações médias do C-eHEALS de meninos e meninas foram 26,53 ± 5,861 e 26,84 ± 5,816, respectivamente, sem diferença significativa (P = 0,084). Os três principais comportamentos de busca de IHO para meninos e meninas, bem como para os grupos baixo e alto do C-eHEALS, foram "encontrar informações sobre exercícios físicos"; "ler ou compartilhar informações de saúde através das redes sociais"; "encontrar informações sobre nutrição e dieta", todos com diferenças significativas de gênero e de letramento em e-Saúde. Conclusões: As diferenças de gênero e de letramento em e-Saúde devem ser focadas na intervenção ao desenvolver e implementar formação de intervenção em e-Saúde para pais e adolescentes em escolas e comunidades.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Explorar las asociaciones y las diferencias de género entre el comportamiento de búsqueda de OHI (información sanitaria en línea) y los conocimientos sobre e-Salud (salud electrónica) entre estudiantes universitarios chinos. Métodos: Se utilizaron cuestionarios en línea de la escala de conocimientos en e-Salud y conductas de búsqueda de OHI creadas con el software Wenjunxing. En el análisis de los datos, se utilizó el programa SPSS para llevar a cabo las pruebas de chi-cuadrado, pruebas t y análisis de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: De los 5.383 participantes, el 72,4% estaba formado por muchachas, el 77,5% vivía en zonas rurales, el 51,2% era licenciado en Humanidades y el 76,6% tenía padres con bajo nivel educativo. Las puntuaciones medias del C-eHEALS para chicos y chicas fueron 26,53 ± 5,861 y 26,84 ± 5,816, respectivamente, sin diferencias significativas (P = 0,084). Las tres conductas principales de búsqueda de la OHI para muchachos y muchachas, así como para los grupos de C-eHEALS bajo y alto, fueron "encontrar información sobre ejercicio físico"; "leer o compartir información sobre salud a través de las redes sociales"; "encontrar información sobre nutrición y dietas", todos ellos con diferencias significativas de género y de aprendizaje sobre e-Salud. Conclusiones: Las diferencias de género y de conocimientos en e-Salud deben centrarse en la intervención a la hora de desarrollar e implementar la formación en cibersalud para padres y adolescentes en escuelas y comunidades.
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Humanos , Educação em Saúde , Letramento em Saúde , Identidade de Gênero , Estudantes , Gestão da Informação em SaúdeRESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction: Basketball players depend on excellent explosive power in the lower limbs for training and competition activities such as starting, braking, accelerating, decelerating, running, and jumping instantly and quickly. The level of Chinese athletes in this aspect is lower than world powers, and formulating training focused on explosive strength can enhance the training of these athletes. Objective: Study the effects of stretching on lower limb strength in basketball athletes. Methods: 20 young male basketball players selected as volunteers for the research were randomly divided into an experimental and control group, with 10 people in each group for retrospective analysis. The effect of rapid stretching compound training on the explosive power of lower limbs in basketball players was evaluated using the comparative method of literature data, expert interviews, experimental methods, and mathematical statistics. Results: After 8 weeks of training, the scores of each test index in the control group were significantly improved, including the standing jump and long-distance scores (P < 0.01). Unipodal takeoff and post-run long-range scores were significantly improved (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Both traditional resistance and compound lower limb stretching training can improve explosive power in young basketball players, but compound training showed more prominent results. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.
RESUMO Introdução: Os jogadores de basquetebol dependem de um excelente poder explosivo nos membros inferiores para as atividades de treinamento e competição como iniciar, frear, acelerar, desacelerar, correr e pular instantânea e rapidamente. O nível dos atletas chineses neste aspecto é inferior ao de potências mundiais e a formulação de um treinamento focado em força explosiva pode aprimorar o treinamento desses atletas. Objetivo: Estudar os efeitos do alongamento sobre a força dos membros inferiores nos atletas de basquetebol. Métodos: 20 jovens jogadores de basquete masculino selecionados como voluntários para a pesquisa foram divididos aleatoriamente em grupo experimental e grupo de controle, com 10 pessoas em cada grupo para análise retrospectiva. O efeito do treinamento composto de alongamento rápido sobre o poder explosivo dos membros inferiores dos jogadores de basquetebol foi avaliado usando o método comparativo de dados da literatura, entrevistas com especialistas, métodos experimentais e estatísticas matemáticas. Resultados: Após 8 semanas de treinamento, as pontuações de cada índice de teste no grupo de controle foram significantemente aprimoradas, incluindo o salto em pé e as pontuações de longa distância (P < 0,01). A decolagem unipodal e as pontuações de longo alcance pós corrida foram significativamente melhoradas (P<0.05). Conclusão: Tanto o treinamento tradicional de resistência quanto o treinamento composto de alongamento dos membros inferiores podem melhorar o poder explosivo nos jovens jogadores de basquete, porém o treinamento composto apresentou maior destaque em seus resultados. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: Los jugadores de baloncesto dependen de una excelente potencia explosiva en los miembros inferiores para las actividades de entrenamiento y competición, como arrancar, frenar, acelerar, desacelerar, correr y saltar de forma instantánea y rápida. El nivel de los atletas chinos en este aspecto es inferior al de las potencias mundiales y la formulación de un entrenamiento centrado en la fuerza explosiva puede mejorar la formación de estos atletas. Objetivo: Estudiar los efectos de los estiramientos en la fuerza de las extremidades inferiores en atletas de baloncesto. Métodos: 20 jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto seleccionados como voluntarios para la investigación fueron divididos aleatoriamente en grupo experimental y grupo de control, con 10 personas en cada grupo para el análisis retrospectivo. Se evaluó el efecto del entrenamiento compuesto de estiramiento rápido sobre la potencia explosiva de las extremidades inferiores de los jugadores de baloncesto mediante el método comparativo de datos bibliográficos, entrevistas a expertos, métodos experimentales y estadística matemática. Resultados: Después de 8 semanas de entrenamiento, las puntuaciones de cada índice de prueba en el grupo de control mejoraron significativamente, incluyendo las puntuaciones de salto de pie y de larga distancia (P < 0,01). Las puntuaciones de despegue unipodal y de largo alcance tras la carrera mejoraron significativamente (P < 0,05). Conclusión: Tanto el entrenamiento de resistencia tradicional como el entrenamiento compuesto de estiramiento de las extremidades inferiores pueden mejorar la potencia explosiva en jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto, pero el entrenamiento compuesto mostró mayor protagonismo en sus resultados. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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The amygdala is an important hub for regulating emotions and is involved in the pathophysiology of many mental diseases, such as depression and anxiety. Meanwhile, the endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in regulating emotions and mainly functions through the cannabinoid type-1 receptor (CB1R), which is strongly expressed in the amygdala of non-human primates (NHPs). However, it remains largely unknown how the CB1Rs in the amygdala of NHPs regulate mental diseases. Here, we investigated the role of CB1R by knocking down the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1) gene encoding CB1R in the amygdala of adult marmosets through regional delivery of AAV-SaCas9-gRNA. We found that CB1R knockdown in the amygdala induced anxiety-like behaviors, including disrupted night sleep, agitated psychomotor activity in new environments, and reduced social desire. Moreover, marmosets with CB1R-knockdown had up-regulated plasma cortisol levels. These results indicate that the knockdown of CB1Rs in the amygdala induces anxiety-like behaviors in marmosets, and this may be the mechanism underlying the regulation of anxiety by CB1Rs in the amygdala of NHPs.
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Animais , Callithrix , Receptores de Canabinoides , Ansiedade , Tonsila do Cerebelo , Canabinoides , FenótipoRESUMO
@#Gingival recessions (GRs) result in root hypersensitivity, root surface caries, and esthetic problems. Various root coverage surgeries are being developed for periodontal plastic therapy. The tunnel technique (TUN) is one of the most widely applied surgeries due to its features of being minimally invasive, practical, excellent outcomes and long-term stability; however, there are still some limitations of this technique. The history and evolution from the envelope flap to TUN, including its efficiency when compared with coronally advanced flaps with a connective tissue graft (CTG), are reviewed in this paper. The limitations of TUN are discussed in consideration of our clinical experience; for example, there is high technique sensitivity when TUN is applied in GR>5 mm because of the great difficulty in covering the grafts. The advantages of surgical access, including vertical incisions in the vestibule, “W” type and pinhole access, are discussed for different situations. Mattress sutures and sling sutures in a single tooth or multiple teeth are applied in TUN. The different types of grafts, such as CTG, platelet-rich plasma, articular dermal matrix and xenogeneic collagen matrix, are described. Mechanical, chemical and biological conditioning of the root surface are recommended during surgery. Protecting the surgical area and taking antibiotics postoperatively are also very important. Finally, the modifications when TUN is applied with other kinds of techniques are discussed, including lateral closed TUN, laterally positioned flaps, double papilla flaps and frenuloplasty. Minimally invasive, esthetic, long-term stability and simplified techniques are the development trends of TUN in the future.
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Objective: To identify the internal nasal valve (INV) and to evaluate its key parameters in the established 3D models of nasal cavity space via Mimics from CT images, in order to provide evidence for quantitative diagnosis of nasal valve compromise. Methods: A total of 32 Han adults without nasal diseases who underwent maxillofacial CT test in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively recruited, including 16 males and 16 females, with the age ranged from 20 to 80 years (50% age<50 years old). Maxillofacial CT images were used to create 3D model of nasal cavity space. The INV was identified and the following parameters were measured: the angle between the INV and the nasal bone (θINV-B), unilateral cross-sectional area of the INV (AINV-R, AINV-L), total cross-sectional area of the INV (AINV), unilateral height of the INV (HINV-R, HINV-L), unilateral nasal valve angle (αINV-R, αINV-L), and the sum of nasal valve angle (αINV). The AINV in our study was compared with the results of the previously adopted planes (PlaneC, perpendicular to the hard palate and PlaneB, plane perpendicular to the nasal bone). The parameters above were compared among genders, age and race groups. SPSS 26 and GraphPad Prism 9 software were used for statistical analysis and mapping of data. Results: The AINV in our study was (214.87±52.94) mm², which was significantly less than that of PlaneC (254.97±47.80) mm² and PlaneB (226.07±57.36) mm². The measured parameters were as follows: θINV-B was (82.07±7.06)°; AINV-R was (112.66±31.39) mm²; AINV-L was (102.21±27.14) mm²; AINV was (214.87±52.94) mm²; HINV-R was (24.87±4.62) mm; HINV-L was (24.35±4.86) mm; αINV-R was (20.48±2.99)°; αINV-L was (19.65±3.82)°; αINV was (40.13±6.24)°. The AINV-R was larger than AINV-L (t=2.33, P<0.05); The HINV, AINV-R, AINV-L and AINV of males were more than those of females (t value was 5.77, 3.21, 2.91 and 3.52, respectively, all P<0.01). The AINV of the young group (<50 years) was larger than that of the old group (t=2.83, P<0.01); The θINV-B was different between the Han people and the Caucasian (t=2.92,P<0.01). The αINV of the Han people was larger than that of Caucasians (Z=-6.92, P<0.01), but the HINV was smaller (Z=-3.89, P<0.01). Conclusion: The AINV carried out in 3D models of nasal cavity space is significantly smaller than that obtained by the previous methods of CT evaluation. INV static parameters differ among genders, age and race groups.
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Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cavidade Nasal/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , China , Nariz , Osso NasalRESUMO
Objective: To explore the association between cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) and quality of life, the association between CMD and perceived stress, and the mediation effect of perceived stress on the association between CMD and quality of life, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of CMD and the improvement of quality of life in these patients. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Data were collected by the employees' physical examination of a company in Xi'an in 2021. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the association between the status of CMD (divided into three categories: no CMD, presence of one kind of CMD, and with≥2 kinds of CMD (≥2 kinds of CMD were defined as cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM)), quality of life, and perceived stress. Mediation analysis with a multi-categorical independent variable was conducted to determine the mediation effect of perceived stress on the association between CMD and quality of life. Results: Among all 4 272 participants, 1 457 (34.1%) participants had one kind of CMD and 677 (15.8%) participants had CMM. The average scores for quality of life and perceived stress were (57.5±15.7) and (16.9±7.9), respectively. Compared with participants without CMD, after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors, no statistically significant associations were observed between one kind of CMD and perceived stress or quality of life (both P>0.05). Perceived stress did not mediate the association between one kind of CMD and quality of life. However, participants with CMM had lower quality of life and higher perceived stress than participants without CMD. The relative total effect coefficient c (95%CI) and the relative direct effect coefficient c' (95%CI) between CMM and quality of life were -3.71 (-5.04--2.37) and -2.52 (-3.81--1.24) (both P<0.05), respectively. The relative indirect effect coefficient a2b (95%CI) of perceived stress on the association between CMM and quality of life was -1.18 (-1.62--0.77) (P<0.05). The mediation effect size was 31.8%. Conclusions: CMM is negatively associated with quality of life and positively associated with perceived stress. Perceived stress partially mediates the association between CMM and quality of life. Our results suggest that, in addition to preventing and treating CMM actively, efforts should be taken to relieve the perceived stress of people with CMM to improve their quality of life.
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Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Transversais , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Estresse PsicológicoRESUMO
Objective @#To investigate the characteristics of mortality of falls among the elderly in Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into the improvement of fall control strategy. @*Methods@#Data pertaining to surveillance of falls in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022 were collected from the Ningbo Municipal Digital Disease Prevention and Control Platform. The trends in mortality of falls in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022 were evaluated using annual percent change (APC). The distribution of demographic characteristics, locations of falls, injury sites, interval from fall occurrence to death and type of falls specified by age were descriptively analyzed.@*Results@#A total of 1 206 deaths occurred due to falls among the elderly at ages of 60 years and older in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022, including 414 men and 612 women, with a male to female ratio of 0.67∶1. The average age was (85.20±8.42) years. The average annual crude mortality and standardized mortality of were 101.10/105 and 85.40/105 from 2017 to 2022, respectively, with no obvious changing trends (APC=5.797% and 5.337%, all P>0.05). The standardized death rate of falls in females was higher than that of males (102.60/105 vs. 69.55/105, P<0.05). The average annual mortality of falls appeared a tendency towards a rise with age among the elderly at ages of 60 years and older, with the highest mortality of 147.18/105 seen in the elderly at ages of 85 years and older. Falls predominantly occurred at home (836 cases, 81.48%) and on the same level (881 cases, 85.87%). The injury sites were mainly lower limbs (388 cases, 37.82%) and head (308 cases, 30.02%). In addition, the interval from fall occurrence to death mainly ranged from 24 hours to 6 months (757 cases, 73.79%). @*Conclusion@#The mortality of falls appeared a tendency towards a rise with age among the elderly at ages of 60 years and older in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022, which was higher in women than in men. The location of falls was predominantly at home and the type of falls predominantly at the same level. High attention to residential environments, and reinforcement of gender- and age-specific interventions are recommended.
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AIM To investigate the effects of Chaihu Shugan Powder on the behaviors rat models of post-stroke depression(PSD)and the expression of 5-HT2A and BDNF in prefrontal cortex and striatum.METHODS The rats were randomly divided into the blank group,the sham operation group,the model group,Chaihu Shugan Powder group,the fluoxetine group and the combination drug group,with 9 rats in each group.The PSD rat models were established by the right middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)by thread embolism method followed by further exposure to 4 weeks chronic and unpredictable mild stimulation.Subsequently,the rats started their corresponding regime of normal saline 5 mL/kg,Chaihu Shugan Powder 2 mg/kg,fluoxetine 12.5 mg/kg,and Chaihu Shugan Powder 2 mg/kg and fluoxetine 12.5 mg/kg(the combination group),respectively,and had their body mass measured and their behaviors(sugar water preference test,open field test and Morris water maze test)assessed simultaneously during the trial.After the experiment,the rats had their 5-HT2A and BDNF in prefrontal cortex and striatum detected of the mRNA expressions by RT-qPCR;of their expressions of the positive cells by immunohistochemical staining;and of their protein expressions by Westren blot.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the model group displayed no improvement of depression-like behaviors,and decreased in mRNA expressions,positive cell expressions and protein expressions of 5-HT2A and BDNF(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with Chaihu Shugan Powder,fluoxetine and combination drug showed improved depression-like behaviors,and increased mRNA expressions,positive cell expressions and protein expressions of 5-HT2A and BDNF as well(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Chaihu Shugan Powder can improve the depression-like behaviors in the PSD rat model,and its mechanism may be associated with the improvement in the expressions of 5-HT2A and BDNF in prefrontal cortex and striatum.
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ABSTRACT Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the association between eHealth literacy and lifestyle behaviors to intervene among Chinese university students. Method: The Chinese eHealth Literacy Scale (C-eHEALS) questionnaire was used to investigate the eHealth literacy level and association with lifestyle behaviors among Chinese university students. Independent sample t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used by statistical software SPSS v20. Results: In the first round, 5,151 university students participated in the study, including 71.46% female and 28.54% male, aged 18-22 (93.13%).The average eHealth literacy score was 26.81 ± 5.83. Four lifestyle behaviors (e.g., exercise, smoking, drinking and sleeping) were all significantly correlated with eHealth literacy scores and demonstrated significant differences. In the second investigation (N = 2,939), the average eHealth literacy score was 31.64 ± 6.44, a notable improvement compared with the first investigation. Conclusion: Those in the group with high eHealth literacy scores have a healthier lifestyle than those in the low-score group. Training in eHealth-related resources is a positive measure to improve university students' eHealth literacy.
RESUMO Objetivo: Nosso objetivo foi avaliar a associação entre alfabetização em saúde e comportamentos de estilo de vida para intervir entre estudantes universitários chineses. Método: O questionário Chinese eHealth Literacy Scale (C-eHEALS) foi usado para investigar o nível de alfabetização em saúde e a associação com comportamentos de estilo de vida entre estudantes universitários chineses. O teste t de amostra independente e o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foram usados pelo software estatístico SPSS v20. Resultados: Na primeira etapa, participaram 5.151 estudantes universitários, sendo 71,46% do sexo feminino e 28,54% do sexo masculino, com idades entre 18 e 22 anos (93,13%). Quatro comportamentos de estilo de vida (exercícios, fumar, beber e dormir) foram todos significativamente correlacionados com os escores de alfabetização em saúde e demonstraram diferenças significativas. Na segunda investigação (N = 2.939), a pontuação média de alfabetização em saúde foi de 31,64 ± 6,44, uma melhoria notável em comparação com a primeira investigação. Conclusão Aqueles do grupo com pontuações altas de alfabetização em saúde têm um estilo de vida mais saudável que aqueles do grupo com pontuação baixa. A formação em recursos relacionados com a saúde é uma medida positiva para melhorar a alfabetização em saúde dos estudantes universitários.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre la alfabetización en salud y los comportamientos de estilo de vida para las intervenciones de estudiantes universitarios chinos. Método: Para investigar el nivel de alfabetización en salud y su asociación con los comportamientos de estilo de vida se utilizó el cuestionario Escala de Alfabetización China en Cibermedicina (C-eHEALS). La prueba t de la muestra independiente y el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson se llevaron a cabo con el software estadístico SPSS v20. Resultados: En la primera etapa participaron 5.151 estudiantes universitarios, 71,46% mujeres y 28,54% hombres, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y los 22 años (93,13%). Cuatro conductas de estilo de vida (ejercicio, fumar, beber y dormir) se correlacionaron significativamente con las puntuaciones de Alfabetización en Salud y mostraron diferencias significativas. En la segunda investigación (N = 2.939), la puntuación media de la alfabetización sanitaria fue de 31,64 ± 6,44, lo que supone una notable mejora en comparación con la primera investigación. Conclusión: Los estudiantes del grupo con puntuación alta de alfabetización en salud tienen un estilo de vida más saludable que las del grupo con puntuación baja. La instrucción sobre recursos relacionados con la salud es una medida positiva para mejorar la alfabetización sanitaria de los estudiantes universitarios.
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Estudantes , China , Letramento em Saúde , Estilo de Vida SaudávelRESUMO
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the inhibitory effect of AZD2014, a dual mTORC1/2 inhibitor, against acute graft rejection in a rat model of allogeneic liver transplantation.@*METHODS@#Liver transplantation from Lewis rat to recipient BN rat (a donor-recipient combination that was prone to induce acute graft rejection) was performed using Kamada's two-cuff technique. The recipient BN rats were randomized into 2 groups for treatment with daily intraperitoneal injection of AZD2014 (5 mg/kg, n=4) or vehicle (2.5 mL/kg, n=4) for 14 consecutive days, starting from the first day after the transplantation. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBIL) levels of the rats were measured 3 days before and at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 days after the transplantation, and the survival time of the rats within 14 days were recorded. Immunohistochemical staining was used to examine the expressions of CD3 and Foxp3 in the liver graft, and acute graft rejection was assessed using HE staining based on the Banff schema.@*RESULTS@#Three rats in the control group died within 14 days after the surgery, while no death occurred in the AZD2014 group, demonstrating a significantly longer survival time of the rats in AZD2014 group (χ2=4.213, P=0.04). Serum ALT, AST and TBIL levels in the control group increased progressively after the surgery and were all significantly higher than those in AZD2014 group at the same time point (P < 0.05). Pathological examination revealed significantly worse liver graft rejection in the control group than in AZD2014 group based on assessment of the rejection index (P < 0.01); the rats in the control group showed more serious T lymphocyte infiltration and significantly fewer Treg cells in the liver graft than those in AZD2014 group (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#AZD2014 can effectively inhibit acute graft rejection in rats with allogeneic liver transplantation.
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Animais , Ratos , Benzamidas , Rejeição de Enxerto/prevenção & controle , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Fígado/patologia , Transplante de Fígado , Alvo Mecanístico do Complexo 1 de Rapamicina , Morfolinas , Pirimidinas , Ratos Endogâmicos LewRESUMO
Objective:The exact biological mechanism whereby exposure to ambient ozone(O3)may contribute to clinical onset of cardiovascular events remains unclear.In this study,we aim to examine the impacts of O3 exposure on cardiac arrhythmias and potential pathways involved through autonomic dysfunction and myocardial injury.Methods:Seventy-three non-smoking healthy adults were followed with 4 repeated measurements of 24-hour ambulatory arrhythmias,heart rate variability,ST-segment deviation,and blood pressure(BP)in Beijing,China,2014-2016.Generalized additive mixed models coupled with distributed lag nonlinear models were constructed to evaluate the associations and potential interlinks between O3 exposure and outcome measurements.Results:During the study period,24-hour average concentrations of ambient O3 were 47.4 μg/m3(ranging from 1.0 to 165.9 μg/m3).Increased risks of premature ventricular contraction and ventricular tachycardia were associated with interquartile range increases in O3 exposure during the last 5 days before each participant's clinic visit,with relative risks of 2.14(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.95 to 2.32)and 5.47(95%CI:3.51 to 7.43),respectively.Mediation analyses further showed that sympathetic activation,parasympathetic inhibition,and elevated BP levels,as well as heightened risks of ST-segment depression could mediate up to 47.74%of the risks of arrhythmias attributable to O3 exposure.Conclusion:Our results suggest that short-term exposure to ambient O3 could prompt the genesis of arrhythmias partially through worsening autonomic function and myocardial burden.
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Objective:Evidence on potential cardiovascular benefits of personal-level intervention among the elderly exposed to high levels of particulate matter(PM)remains limited.We aimed to assess improvements in surrogate markers of cardiovascular injury in vulnerable populations at risks by using indoor air filtration units.Methods:We conducted a randomized crossover trial for 2 separate 2-week air filtration interventions in 20 households of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their partners in the winter of 2013,with concurrent measurements of indoor PM.The changes in biomarkers indicative of cardiac injury,atherosclerosis progression and systemic inflammation following intervention were evaluated using linear mixed-effect models.Results:In the analysis,average levels of indoor PM with aerodynamic diameters<2.5 μm(PM2.5)decreased significantly by 59.2%(from 59.6 to 24.3 μg/m3,P<0.001)during the active air filtration.The reduction was accompanied by improvements in levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I by-84.6%(95%confidence interval[CI]:-90.7 to-78.6),growth differentiation factor-15 by-48.1%(95%CI:-31.2 to-25.6),osteoprotegerin by-65.4%(95%CI:-56.5 to-18.7),interleukin-4 by-46.6%(95%CI:-62.3 to-31.0)and myeloperoxidase by-60.3%(95%CI:-83.7 to-3.0),respectively.Conclusion:Indoor air filtration intervention may provide potential cardiovascular benefits in vulnerable popu-lations at risks.
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Licking behavior is important for water intake. The deep mesencephalic nucleus (DpMe) has been implicated in instinctive behaviors. However, whether the DpMe is involved in licking behavior and the precise neural circuit behind this behavior remains unknown. Here, we found that the activity of the DpMe decreased during water intake. Inhibition of vesicular glutamate transporter 2-positive (VGLUT2+) neurons in the DpMe resulted in increased water intake. Somatostatin-expressing (SST+), but not protein kinase C-δ-expressing (PKC-δ+), GABAergic neurons in the central amygdala (CeA) preferentially innervated DpMe VGLUT2+ neurons. The SST+ neurons in the CeA projecting to the DpMe were activated at the onset of licking behavior. Activation of these CeA SST+ GABAergic neurons, but not PKC-δ+ GABAergic neurons, projecting to the DpMe was sufficient to induce licking behavior and promote water intake. These findings redefine the roles of the DpMe and reveal a novel CeASST-DpMeVGLUT2 circuit that regulates licking behavior and promotes water intake.
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@#[摘 要] 目的:探讨lncRNA ZNF674-AS1在宫颈癌中的作用及其分子机制。方法:用qPCR法检测ZNF674-AS1在31例2019年1月至2020年7月在武汉儿童医院接受手术治疗患者的宫颈癌组织和对应的癌旁组织、宫颈癌细胞系(SiHa、HeLa、C33A和HCC94)和永生化子宫颈上皮细胞系中的表达。转染过表达ZNF674-AS1质粒及其阴性对照质粒至ZNF674-AS1表达最少的HCC94细胞,CCK-8法和Transwell实验检测过表达ZNF674-AS1对HCC94细胞增殖活性和迁移能力的影响。生物信息学方法预测和双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证ZNF674-AS1和miR-510-5p、REPS2三者间的互补结合关系。qPCR检测过表达ZNF674-AS1对miR-510-5p与REPS2表达的影响,WB法检测过表达ZNF674-AS对细胞增殖和迁移相关因子表达的影响。结果:与癌旁组织相比,ZNF674-AS1在宫颈癌组织中呈明显低表达(P<0.01);与永生化子宫上皮细胞相比,ZNF674-AS1在宫颈癌细胞系中也呈明显低表达(P<0.05或P<0.01),以HCC94细胞中表达最低(P<0.01)。过表达ZNF674-AS1能明显抑制HCC94细胞的增殖(P<0.05)和迁移(P<0.01)。与ZNF674-AS1相互作用的miRNA是miR-510-5p,与miR-510-5p相互作用的基因是REPS2。过表达ZNF674-AS1导致HCC94细胞中miR-510-5p的表达水平降低(P<0.01)而REPS2基因的表达水平升高(P<0.01),同时引起细胞增殖和迁移相关的多种因子(CDK2、cyclin D3、vimentin和twist)上调或下调。结论:lncRNA ZNF674-AS1在宫颈癌组织和细胞中呈低表达,可能通过竞争性结合miR-510-5p而上调REPS2的表达,从而抑制宫颈癌HCC94细胞的增殖和迁移。
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The lignans in Urtica cannabina were isolated by preparative HPLC, silica, and ODS column chromatographies, and identified by NMR and HR-MS. The inhibitory activities on 5α-reductase were evaluated in vitro. As a result, ten secolignans,(2R,4S)-2,4-bis(3-methoxyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-butoxypropanol(1), 3,4-trans-3-hydroxymethyl-4-[bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl] butyrolactone(2), 3,4-trans-3-hydroxymethyl-4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(3-methoxyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl] butyrolactone(3), 3,4-trans-3-hydroxymethyl-4-[bis(3-methoxyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl] butyrolactone(trans urticol, 4), 3,4-trans-3-hydroxymethyl-4-[bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl] butyrolactone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5), 3,4-trans-3-hydroxymethyl-4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)(3-methoxyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6), 3,4-trans-3-hydroxymethyl-4-[bis(3-methoxyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]butyrolactone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(trans-urticol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 7), cycloolivil-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8), isolariciresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9), and olivil-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10), together with a polyphenol [α-viniferin(11)], were isolated from U. cannabina for the first time. Compound 1 was a new lignan. Compound 7 was potent in inhibiting 5α-reductase.
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Inibidores de 5-alfa Redutase , Colestenona 5 alfa-Redutase/farmacologia , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Lignanas/farmacologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Urticaceae/enzimologiaRESUMO
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in treating patients with resistant hypertension. CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMbase and other databases were retrieved by computers to screen out the randomized controlled trial of traditional Chinese medicine in treating resistant hypertension. Cochrane Handbook was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature, RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0 was used for Meta-analysis. Finally, 11 literatures meeting the criteria were included, involving 1 023 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the combined therapy of standard triple antihypertensive regimen with traditional Chinese medicine could further reduce systolic blood pressure of patients with resistant hypertension(MD=-16.69, 95%CI[-22.21,-11.16], P<0.000 01), reduce diastolic blood pressure(MD=-7.51, 95%CI[-8.26,-6.76], P<0.000 01), improve the effective rate of anti-hypertension(OR=5.16, 95%CI[3.01, 8.84], P<0.000 01), improve the up-to-standard rate of blood pressure(OR=3.01, 95%CI[1.49, 6.09], P=0.002), and improve the effectiveness of clinical symptoms(OR=4.48, 95%CI[2.31, 8.68], P<0.000 01), with no significant effect on creatinine level(MD=-2.51, 95%CI[-6.91, 1.89], P=0.26). The results of this study indicated that the combined therapy of standard triple antihypertensive regimen with traditional Chinese medicine could further improve the clinical efficacy in patients with resistant hypertension with a good safety, but more high-quality clinical studies are still needed to verify this conclusion.
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Humanos , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate usage of renal artery embolization (RAE) for renal injuries and discuss the indications for this treatment. Materials and Methods A retrospective study was performed evaluating the electronic medical records of all patients with renal trauma admitted to two major comprehensive hospitals in Shantou city from January 2006 to December 2015. Results There were 264 and 304 renal traumatic patients admitted to hospital A and B, respectively. LGRT was the reason for presentation in the majority of patients (522, 91.9%). A total of 534 (94.0%) patients were treated conservatively. RAE was performed in 9 patients from 2012 to 2015 at hospital A, including in 6 patients (6/9, 66.7%) with LGRT, and 3 patients (3/9, 33.3%) with HGRT. No patient underwent interventional therapy (RAE) at hospital B during the same period. No significant differences in the operative rate of hospital A were observed between the two time periods (2006-2011 and 2012-2015). The operative rate for LGRT between the two hospitals from 2006 to 2011 and 2012 to 2015 was not significantly different. Hospital A showed a significant decrease in the rate of conservative treatment for patients with LGRT. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, the AAST renal grade both were significantly associated with undergoing RAE. Conclusions LGRT was present in the majority of patients, and most cases of renal trauma could be treated with conservative treatment. RAE was well utilized for the treatment of renal trauma. However, some patients with LGRT were treated with unnecessary interventional therapy.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Artéria Renal/lesões , Embolização Terapêutica/métodos , Rim/irrigação sanguínea , Nefropatias/terapia , Índices de Gravidade do Trauma , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Nefropatias/etiologia , Nefropatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
This study aimed to investigate whether the routine administration of escitalopram for three months would improve the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke and decrease the plasma copeptin level. A total of 97 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly allocated to receive escitalopram (5-10 mg once per day, orally; n=49) or not to receive escitalopram (control group; n=48) for 12 weeks starting at 2-7 days after the onset of stroke. Both groups received conventional treatments, including physiotherapy and secondary prevention of stroke. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was used to evaluate the disability of patients at the initial evaluation and at the monthly follow-up visits for three months. Impairment in the daily activities was assessed using the Barthel Index (BI), while cognitive impairment was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. The psychiatric assessment included the administration of the Present State Examination modified to identify Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) symptoms of depression. The severity of depression was measured using the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD). During the 3-month follow-up period, 95 patients were included in the analysis (two patients withdrew from the escitalopram group). NIHSS and BI improvement at the 90th day were significantly greater in the escitalopram group (P<0.05), while HAMD and plasma copeptin levels significantly decreased, compared to the control group (P<0.01). In patients with acute ischemic stroke, the earlier administration of escitalopram for three months may improve neurological functional prognosis and decrease copeptin level.
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Humanos , Infarto Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Isquemia Encefálica , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/prevenção & controle , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Estados Unidos , Citalopram/uso terapêutico , Infarto Cerebral/prevenção & controle , Doença AgudaRESUMO
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to assess the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided transperineal prostate biopsy in the diagnosis of prostate disease. Materials and Methods: The institutional ethics committee approved this study. MRI-guided transperineal prostate biopsy was performed on 78 patients who had presented to our hospital with a prostate-specific antigen level >4 ng/mL or with MRI scans suggesting prostate cancer between January 2015 and August 2017. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Results: Of the 78 patients, pathological diagnosis could not be carried out in one because insufficient prostate tissue was obtained during biopsy. Prostate adenocarcinoma was confirmed in 34 patients, small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma in 1 patient, prostatic tuberculosis in 1 patient, and benign prostatic hyperplasia in 41 patients. These diagnoses were confirmed by surgical pathology in 31 patients, and all results were consistent with the biopsy pathology, with no false positives. Postoperative urinary tract infection occurred in one patient, and mild postoperative hemorrhage around the prostate gland was seen in 65 patients, without the need for further clinical treatment. Conclusion: MRI-guided transperineal prostate biopsy is helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of prostatic disease