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Objective To investigate the effects of climate change on the geographical distribution of Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Gansu Province,and predict its potential habitat;To provide a theoretical basis for resource conservation of cultivation of A.membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao.Methods Based on the distribution data of A.membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao from field surveys,the maximum entropy model and geographic information system were used to simulate its potential habitat in Gansu Province for the current(1970-2000)and future(2041-2060)periods,and the contribution of environmental factors and the results of the knife-cut test were integrated to assess the important factors governing the distribution of A.membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao.Results The dominant environmental variables governing the geographical distribution of A.membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao were precipitation in the wettest month,average temperature in the wettest season,and elevation.The potential suitable area of A.membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Gansu Province under current climatic conditions was 65 902.66 km2,and the high suitable area was mainly concentrated in Dingxi District.In the future period,the suitable areas of A.membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao under the scenarios of SSP126,SSP370 and SSP585 all showed a decreasing trend,especially the area of the high suitable areas decreased significantly.Conclusion Future climate change will lead to a significant reduction in the suitable habitat for A.membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao in Gansu Province.The suitable habitat will mainly move towards high-altitude mountainous areas,and the continuity of A.membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao resources can be maintained by establishing ecological protection zones.
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Objective:To evaluate the effect of goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) on postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in elderly patients undergoing long-time abdominal surgery.Methods:The medical records from elderly patients of both sexes, aged ≥ 65 yr, with a duration of operation ≥ 8 h and American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅱ or Ⅲ, undergoing elective first abdominal surgery for gastrointestinal tumors at the Shanxi Provincial People′s Hospital from October 1, 2016 to June 30, 2022, were collected from the electronic medical record database. Patients were divided into conventional fluid therapy group (group C) and GDFT group (group G) according to whether GDFT was employed during operation. In group C, blood pressure was maintained ≥90/60 mmHg or mean arterial pressure≥65 mmHg, and urine output more than 30 ml/h. In group G, the stroke volume variation was maintained ≤13%, and cardiac index ≥2.5 L·min -1·m -2. The patient general characteristics, requirement for fluid, urine output, blood loss, requirement for vasoactive agents and abdominal hyperthermic perfusion, and operation time were recorded during operation. The development of AKI within 72 h after operation and development of other complications (pneumonia, anastomotic leakage, surgical site infection, septic shock, arrhythmia) after operation were recorded. The length of hospital stay and 30-day mortality after operation were recorded. Results:A total of 125 patients were included in this study, with 41 patients in group C and 84 patients in group G. Postoperative AKI occurred in 19 patients, with an incidence of 15.2%. Compared with group C, the requirement for colloid, total volume of fluid infused and urine volume were significantly decreased during operation, the requirement for vasoactive agents was increased during operation ( P<0.05), the risk of postoperative AKI was reduced ( OR=0.23, P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the incidence of other postoperative complications, 30-day mortality, and length of hospital stay in group G ( P>0.05). Conclusions:GDFT can reduce the risk of AKI in the elderly patients undergoing long-time abdominal surgery.
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Objective @#To employ the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire to evaluate HRQOL in patients on peritoneal dialysis ( PD) and investigate the related risk factors to provide suggestions for improving quality of life．@*Methods @# PD patients who were followed up regularly in the department of nephrology were recruited in this study． Demographic characteristics and laboratory data were collected．Exercise capacity was assessed by the 6-MWT．PHQ-9 was con- ducted to screen depression status．The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire was used to evaluate HRQOL．Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to examine the potential influencing factors of EQ-5D-5L health utility value.@*Results @#The highest health utility value of EQ-5D-5L was 1 point，while the lowest was －0. 01 points．The mean EQ-5D-5L score was (0. 92 ± 0. 15 ) ． The multivariate linear regression analyses showed that increased bilirubin level ( β = - 0. 009，P = 0. 018 ) ，increased CRP level ( β = －0. 005 ，P ＜0. 001 ) ，and increased PHQ-9 score ( β = - 0. 008，P = 0. 014) were negatively correlated with the EQ-5D-5L health utility value．Increased 6-MWD ( β = 0. 005，P = 0. 018) was positively correlated with the EQ-5D-5L health utility value．@*Conclusion @# The bilirubin and CRP levels，depression status，and exercise capacity are considered the main factors influencing HRQOL in PD patients.
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Objective @#To investigate the effect and mechanism of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on atrial fibrosis in Atrial fibrillation (AF) rats .@*Methods @# Fourteen adult male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control ( NC) group and Atrial fibrillation (AF) group . The rat model of Atrial fibrillation was established by inj ecting 0.1 ml/ 100g CaCl2 Ach mixture into the tail vein once a day for one week . The control group was inj ected with the same dose of normal saline . An electrocardiogram of normal or atrial fibrillation was recorded on the first day and the eighth day in each group , and echocardiography was used to monitor atrial size and cardiac function . The fibrosis of atrial was ob served using Masson and HE staining. The expression of endothelin-1 ( ET-1) , collagen-I ( Col-I) , transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) and the store operated calcium channel (SOCC) protein Orai1 , stromal in teraction molecule 1 (STIM1) in atrial tissue were detected by Western blot. HL-1 cells were cultured and treated with gradient concentration of ET-1 for 24 hours . Western blot was used to ob serve changes in the expression of TGF-β, Orai1 and STIM1 proteins in ET-1 /SOCC/TGF βsignaling pathway of HL-1 cells . Small interfering RNA ( siRNA) transfection method was used to knock down the expression of Orai1 in HL-1 cells , then the cells were treated with appropriate concentrations of ET-1 for 24 hours , and the expression of TGF-β protein in HL-1 cells was detected by Western blot.@*Results @#Compared with the control group , echocardiography showed a significant in crease in left atrial diameter (LAD) of the heart in atrial fibrillation rats (P < 0.05) . The HE and Masson staining results showed significant fibrosis in the myocardial tissue of AF group rats (P < 0.05) , and the Western blot re sults indicated the expression of ET-1 , Orai1 , STIM1 , TGF-β and COL-Ⅰ in the myocardial tissue of AF group significantly increased compared to the NC group (P < 0.05) . After ET 1 treatment of HL-1 cells , the protein ex pression of Orai1 , STIM1 and TGF βincreased (P < 0.05) , while knocking down Orai1 in HL-1 cells , ET-1 treat ment no longer caused the expression of TGF-β a significant upregulation .@*Conclusion @#AF caused by atrial fibril lation results in a significant increase in ET-1 expression in atrial tissue , and ET-1 /SOCC/TGF-β signal pathway promotes atrial fibrillation and fibrosis .
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Objective @#To explore the correlation between serum fibroblast growth factor⁃23 (FGF23) concentration and heart failure and all⁃cause death in patients with end⁃stage renal disease (ESRD) . @*Methods @#The prospective cohort study design was used in the present study. The ESRD patients who were admitted to the department of nephropathy in the Hospital and without heart failure symptoms were recruited in this study. The data of patients was collected through baseline questionnaires , physical examinations , echocardiography , and laboratory examinations. The serum FGF23 levels were measured by enzyme⁃linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) . The follow⁃up time was 2 years. The onset of heart failure (ACC/AHA stage C ⁃D) and all⁃cause death were composite endpoint events. The Cox proportional risk model was used to explore the risk factors of outcome events. Through subgroup analyses and interaction analyses , further exploration was conducted to determine whether there was heterogeneity in the association between FGF23 and outcome events in different subgroups.@*Results @#Ultimately , 107 ESRD patients were included in this study , with an average age of (52. 00 ± 12. 51) years. There were 39 males (36. 45% ) , and the median follow⁃up time was 23 months (21 , 25 months) . There were 32 (29. 9% ) outcome events , of which 22 (20. 6% ) onset of heart failure and 10 (9. 3% ) all⁃cause of deaths. The results of this study showed that the concentration of FGF23 in the outcome event group was significantly higher than that in the non⁃event group [(4. 40 ± 1. 16) pmol/ml vs (3. 85 ± 0. 82) pmol/ml ,P < 0. 05] . The Cox proportional risk model showed that the elevated FGF23 was associated with increased risk of the composite endpoint events in ESRD patients (HR = 1. 730 , 95% CI: 1. 164 - 2. 570 , P = 0. 007 ) . Subgroup analyses showed that there was an interactive effect between FGF23 levels and gender on the risk of cardiovascular outcome events. Especially in male ESRD patients , the increased FGF23 level was correlated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events (P⁃interaction < 0. 05) .@*Conclusion @#Elevated serum FGF23 is an independent risk factor for the onset of heart failure and all⁃cause of mortality in ESRD patients , especially in male patients.