Quality in balance sensitivity through martial arts applied to children / Qualidade na sensibilidade do equilíbrio pelas artes marciais aplicadas às crianças / Calidad en la sensibilidad del equilibrio a través de las artes marciales aplicadas a los niños

ABSTRACT Introduction: Martial arts training focuses on science, methodology, and practice. Martial arts are a symbol of physical fitness. The academic analysis of the influence of martial arts training on children's physical health is of great importance for promoting traditional Chinese culture. It can enrich sports intervention programs to improve children's physical health. Objective: Analyze the effect of sensory quality training on martial arts balance training in children. Methods: Children aged 8 to 12 years were selected as research subjects. After repeated deliberations, a children's martial arts set was designed and implemented. The pilot project analyzes the importance of sensory quality in the essential stage of children's martial arts training. Results: After the experiment, there was a significant difference in balance quality in the experimental group (p<0.01). After the experiment, the difference in balance sense between the experimental and control groups was significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: In the basic training phase of children's martial arts, coaches should require athletes to master basic martial arts skills more comprehensively. All movement combinations in martial arts require comprehensive physical fitness and balance sensitivity, including speed, flexibility, and coordination. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O treinamento em artes marciais concentra-se na ciência, na metodologia e na prática. As artes marciais são um símbolo de aptidão física. A análise acadêmica da influência do treinamento de artes marciais na saúde física das crianças é de grande importância para a promoção da cultura tradicional chinesa e pode enriquecer os programas de intervenção esportiva para melhorar a saúde física infantil. Objetivo: Analisar o efeito do treinamento de qualidade sensitiva no treinamento de equilíbrio das artes marciais em crianças. Métodos: Selecionou-se crianças de 8 a 12 anos como objetos de pesquisa. Após repetidas deliberações, foi elaborado e implementado um conjunto de artes marciais infantis. O projeto piloto analisa a importância da qualidade sensitiva na etapa essencial do treinamento das artes marciais infantis. Resultados: Após o experimento, houve uma diferença significativa na qualidade do equilíbrio no grupo experimental (p<0,01). Após o experimento, a diferença no sentido de equilíbrio entre os grupos experimental e de controle foi significativa (p<0,01). Conclusão: Na fase de treinamento básico das artes marciais infantis, os treinadores devem exigir que os atletas dominem as habilidades básicas das artes marciais de forma mais abrangente. Todas as combinações de movimentos nas artes marciais exigem aptidão física e sensibilidade de equilíbrio abrangentes, incluindo velocidade, flexibilidade e coordenação. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El entrenamiento de las artes marciales se centra en la ciencia, la metodología y la práctica. Las artes marciales son un símbolo de la condición física. El análisis académico de la influencia del entrenamiento de artes marciales en la salud física de los niños es de gran importancia para la promoción de la cultura tradicional china y puede enriquecer los programas de intervención deportiva para mejorar la salud física de los niños. Objetivo: Analizar el efecto del entrenamiento de la calidad sensorial en el entrenamiento del equilibrio en artes marciales en niños. Métodos: Se seleccionaron niños de 8 a 12 años como sujetos de la investigación. Tras repetidas deliberaciones, se diseñó y puso en marcha un conjunto de artes marciales para niños. El proyecto piloto analiza la importancia de la calidad sensorial en la etapa esencial del entrenamiento de artes marciales de los niños. Resultados: Después del experimento, hubo una diferencia significativa en la calidad del equilibrio en el grupo experimental (p<0,01). Tras el experimento, la diferencia en el sentido del equilibrio entre los grupos experimental y de control fue significativa (p<0,01). Conclusión: En la fase de formación básica de las artes marciales infantiles, los entrenadores deberían exigir a los deportistas un dominio más completo de las habilidades marciales básicas. Todas las combinaciones de movimientos en las artes marciales requieren una amplia aptitud física y sensibilidad al equilibrio, incluidas la velocidad, la flexibilidad y la coordinación. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Research progress of smartphone addiction interventions in adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Adolescents at the unique period during which individuals experience rapid growth in social, emotional, and cognitive aspects, are more prone to smartphone addiction than other groups. Smartphone addiction has been proved to seriously affect the physical and mental health of adolescents, and these impacts will become increasingly widespread with age. The effectiveness of current smartphone addiction interventions are mild among adolescents, which have proved to be related to adolescents unique cognitive and psychological characteristics. This paper reviews the latest research on adolescent smartphone addiction interventions, and classifies and elaborates from information enhancement strategies, ability enhancement strategies and behavioral intervention strategies, and puts forward the feasibility suggestions in this field, providing reference for localized intervention strategies, with the aim to developing systematic intervention design guidance and an effective multi subject collaborative intervention system.

Anticancer effects of 6-shogaol via the AKT signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract Objective Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the common type of cancer that leads to death; and is becoming a global concern. Due to the lack of efficient chemotherapeutic agents for patients with oral cancer, the prognosis remains poor. 6-shogaol, a bioactive compound of ginger, has a broad spectrum of bioactivities and has been widely used to relieve many diseases. However, its effects on human oral cancer have not yet been fully evaluated. In our study, we investigated the anticancer effects of 6-shogaol on the proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and underlying mechanisms within human OSCC cell lines. Methodology We investigated the effect of 6-shogaol on the growth of OSCC cells by cell viability and soft agar colony formation assay. Migration and invasion assays were conducted to confirm the effect 6-shogaol on OSCC cell metastasis. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and the underlying mechanism on the antigrowth effect of 6-shogaol in OSCC cells was assessed using western blotting. Results In our results, 6-shogaol not only suppressed proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth in OSCC cells, but also induced apoptosis by regulating the apoptosis-associated factors such as p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3. Migration and invasion of OSCC cells were inhibited following the regulation of E-cadherin and N-cadherin by 6-shogaol. Additionally, 6-shogaol treatment significantly inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion Therefore, our results may provide critical evidence that 6-shogaol can be a potential new therapeutic candidate for oral cancer.

CT-guided minimally-invasive penile fracture repair

ABSTRACT We present the case of a 28 year old patient with an incomplete tear of the tunica albuginea occurred after having sexual intercourse in the female superior position. The diagnostic assessment was performed first clinically, then with CT, owing to its high resolution, allowed to exactly detect the tear location leading to precise preoperative planning. After adequate diagnosis through imaging and proper planning, the patient was performed a selective minimally invasive surgical approach to repair the lesion. The patient had good erection with no angular deformity or plaque formation after a 3-month follow-up.

Study on Multi-density Contrast Agent Fillers of Duct Casting Based on CT Three-Dimensional Reconstruction / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The three-dimensional visualization model of human body duct is based on virtual anatomical structure reconstruction with duct angiography,which realizes virtual model transferred from two-dimensional,planar and static images into three-dimensional,stereoscopic and dynamic ones repectively.In recent years,the multi-duct segmentation and division of the same specimen (or organ) is the focus of attention shared by surgeons and clinical anatomists.On the basis of 4.22 g/cm3 body bone density,this study has screened out metal oxide contract agent with different density for infusion and modeling,as well as compared and analyzed the effects of three-dimensional image of CT virtual bronchoscopy (CTVB),three-dimensional image of CT maximum intensity projection and three-dimensional model.This experiment result showed synchronously infusing multi-duct of same specimen (or organ) with contrast agent in different densities could reconstruct three-dimensional models of all ducts once only and adjust threshold to develop single or multiple ducts.It was easier to segment and observe the duct structure,anastomosis,directions and crossing in different parts,which was beyond comparison with three-dimensional image of CTVB.Although the existing three-dimensional duct reconstruction techniques still cannot be applied in living bodies temporarily,this study focused on a creative design of ducts segmentation in different density,which proposed a new experimental idea for developing multi-duct three-dimensional model in living body in the future.It will play a significant role in disease diagnosis and individual design in surgical treatment program.Therefore,this study observes the three-dimensional status of human duct with the application of contrast agent fillers in different density,combined with three-dimensional reconstruction technology.It provides an innovative idea and method for constructing three-dimensional model of digital multi-duct specimen,and the ultimate goal is to develop the digitized virtual human and precise medical treatment better and faster.

Osteopontin expression and its possible functions in the aortic disorders and coronary artery disease / A expressão da osteopontina e as suas funções possíveis nas desordens aórticas e doença arterial coronariana

BACKGROUND: Osteopontin (OPN) has been verified to be closely associated with oncogenesis and remodeling processes. But this cytokine was rarely assessed in the presence of aortopathies, especially acute aortic dissection. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expressions of OPN by way of molecular biological approaches so as to offer a better understanding of the possible mechanisms of the aortopathies. METHODS: Consecutive patients with type A acute aortic dissection (20 patients), aortic aneurysm (nine patients) or coronary artery disease (21 patients) referred to this hospital for surgical operations were enrolled into this study. Blood samples of the surgical patients after systematic heparinization, and control fast morning blood samples drawn from 21 young healthy volunteers who had no evidence of any healthy problems were investigated for enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The surgical specimens of the aortic tissues collected from the surgical patients during the operations were obtained for quantitative realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for OPN mRNA, western blot assay for OPN protein, and for immunohistochemical staining of OPN. Ascending aortic tissues from the autopsies of the healthy individuals dying of accident were obtained as controls of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: By quantitative RT-PCR, the expressions of OPN mRNA were all upregulated in all three surgical groups. The quantitative results did not reveal any intergroup differences. Western blot assay revealed that OPN was positive with similar intensities of expressions in all three surgical groups. Quantitative western blot analyses of OPN expressions did not show any significance between groups. The OPN expressions by ELISA in the aortic tissue were 3.09311 ± 1.65737, 3.40414 ± 1.15095, and 1.68243 ± 0.31119 pg/mg protein in the aortic dissection, aortic aneurysm, and coronary artery disease groups, respectively. The OPN level of the patients with coronary artery disease was much lower than those with aortic dissection (P = 0.033) or with aortic aneurysm (P = 0.019). By unparametric tests, there were significant differences in the aortic OPN contents among aortic dissection, aortic aneurysm and coronary artery disease groups (P < 0.01). A significant direct correlation was present between plasma OPN concentration and the time interval from the onset to surgery of aortic dissection (Y = 0.1420X + 2.4838, r² = 0.5623, r = 0.750, P = 0.032). By immunohistochemistry, OPN was expressed in the aortic cells: in the intima, it was weaker in all three surgical groups in comparison with the healthy control; in the media, it was weak in the aortic dissection, intense positive in aortic aneurysm, focal positive in the coronary artery disease, but evenly positive in the healthy control groups; and in the adventitia, it was positive in the aortic dissection, coronary artery disease and healthy control groups, but weak positive in the aortic aneurysm group. CONCLUSION: These data may provide evidences that OPN may play a role in the pathogenesis of aortopathies including aortic dissection, aortic aneurysm, and coronary artery disease. OPN might be of potential perspective as a clinically diagnostic tool in the evaluations of the complex remodeling process incorporating vascular injury and repair.

OBJETIVOS: A osteopontina (OPN) está estreitamente associada com os processos de oncogênese e remodelação. Entretanto, essa citocina era raramente avaliada na presença de aortopatias, especialmente na dissecção aórtica aguda. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a expressão de OPN por meio de abordagens moleculares biológicas, de modo a oferecer uma melhor compreensão dos possíveis mecanismos das aortopatias. MÉTODOS: Pacientes consecutivos com um tipo de dissecção aguda da aorta (20 pacientes), aneurisma da aorta (nove pacientes) ou doença arterial coronária (21 pacientes) foram incluídos neste estudo. As amostras de sangue depois da heparinização sistemática e de 21 voluntários jovens e saudáveis não apontaram nenhuma evidência de qualquer problema ao serem investigados por ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA). Os espécimes cirúrgicos dos tecidos aórtica coletados dos pacientes durante as operações foram obtidos para a reação de transcrição reversa quantitativa em tempo real em cadeia da polimerase (RT-PCR) para OPN mRNA, técnica de Western blot para a proteína OPN, e imunohistoquímica de OPN. Amostras da aorta de indivíduos saudáveis que morreram de acidente foram obtidos para controle imunohistoquímico. RESULTADOS: Com uso do RT-PCR quantitativo, as expressões de OPN mRNA foram suprarreguladas em todos os três grupos cirúrgicos. Os resultados quantitativos não revelaram quaisquer diferenças intergrupais. Western blot revelou que OPN foi positiva com intensidade semelhante de expressões em todos os três grupos. As análises quantitativas Western blot de expressões OPN não apresentaram significâncias entre os grupos. As expressões OPN medidas pelo teste ELISA no tecido aórtico foram 3,09311 ± 1,65737, 3,40414 ± 1,15095 e 1,68243 ± 0,31119 pg/mg de proteína na dissecção de aorta, aneurisma da aorta, e grupos de doença arterial coronariana, respectivamente. O nível de OPN dos pacientes com doença arterial coronariana foi muito menor do que aqueles com dissecção aórtica (P = 0,033) ou com aneurisma da aorta (P = 0,019). Testes não-paramétricos apontaram diferenças significativas nos teores de aorta OPN entre dissecção aórtica, aneurisma da aorta e grupos com doença arterial coronariana (P <0,01). Uma correlação direta significativa estava presente entre a concentração plasmática OPN e o intervalo de tempo entre o início da cirurgia de dissecção de aorta (Y = 2,4838 + 0,1420X, r² = 0,5623, r = 0,750, P = 0,032). Pela imunohistoquímica, a OPN foi expressa em células aórticas: na íntima, foi fraca em todos os três grupos cirúrgicos em comparação ao grupo saudável; na média, era fraca na dissecção aórtica, positiva intensa no aneurisma de aorta, focal positivo na doença arterial coronariana, mas igualmente positiva no grupo controle; e na adventícia, positiva para a dissecção da aorta, doença arterial coronariana e grupos de controle saudáveis, mas fraca positiva no grupo de aneurisma da aorta. CONCLUSÃO: Estes dados fornecem evidências de que a OPN pode desempenhar um papel na patogênese da aortopatias, incluindo dissecção aórtica, aneurisma da aorta R e doença arterial coronariana. OPN tem perspectiva potencial como ferramenta de diagnóstico clínico nas avaliações do processo de remodelação complexa, incluindo lesão vascular e de reparação.

Anatomy and clinical research in endoscopic-transsphenoidal approach / 中国医师杂志

Objective To review the endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery development and study the transsphenoidal surgical approach of microanatomy and offer anatomical data on transsphenoidal surgical approach for the resection of Sellar region diseases.MethodsThe related structures was observed and measured in 20 formalin-fixed adult cadaveric heads.ResultsThe Sellar,Sphenoid mouth,Optic nerve,Carotid artery,Pituitary fossa,Cavernous sinus and the structural composition surrounding blood vessels and nerves were measured and recorded.ConclusionsThe microsurgical anatomy of Sellar region will be helpful in transsphenoidal approach in surgical technique and safe operation in endoscopic - transsphenoidal approach.