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OBJECTIVES@#To study the moderating effect of mother-child relationship in the association between maternal parenting stress and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children.@*METHODS@#Using a stratified cluster sampling method, 2 049 preschool children were surveyed from November to December 2021, who sampled from 12 kindergartens in Wuhu City, Anhui Province. The emotional and behavioral problems of preschool children were assessed with the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship of maternal parenting stress and mother-child relationship with children's emotional and behavioral problems. The PROCESS Macro was used to analyze the moderating effect of conflicted and dependent mother-child relationships in the association between maternal parenting stress and emotional and behavioral problems in these preschool children.@*RESULTS@#Among these preschool children, maternal parenting stress was positively correlated with the scores of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems subscales and total difficulty scores (P<0.001); intimate mother-child relationships were negatively correlated with the scores of conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems subscales and total difficulty scores (P<0.001); conflicted and dependent mother-child relationships were positively correlated with the scores of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems subscales and total difficulty scores (P<0.001). After controlling for relevant confounding factors, conflicted mother-child relationship (β=0.05, P=0.001) and dependent mother-child relationship (β=0.04, P=0.012) were found to have a moderating effect on the association between maternal parenting stress and total difficulty scores in these preschool children.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Negative mother-child relationships play a moderating role in the association between maternal parenting stress and emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children. Prevention of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children should focus on reducing maternal parenting stress and improving negative mother-child relationships.
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Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Comportamento Problema/psicologia , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Emoções , Relações Mãe-Filho , Inquéritos e Questionários , Mães/psicologiaRESUMO
Objective:To explore the mechanism of gentiopicroside (GPS) in preventing acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4</sub>) in mice and its effect on the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor-<italic>κ</italic>B (NF-<italic>κ</italic>B) signaling pathway. Method:Sixty mice were randomly divided into a normal control group, a model group, a silymarin group (150 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>), and high- (200 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>), medium- (100 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>), and low-dose (50 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>) GPS groups, with 10 in each group. The mice in the groups with drug intervention were administered correspondingly by gavage at 10 mL·kg<sup>-1</sup>, and those in the normal control group and the model group receive an equal volume of distilled water, once per day. Ten days after administration, mice in the normal control group were subjected to the intraperitoneal injection of peanut oil (10 mL·kg<sup>-1</sup>) and those in other groups were injected with peanut oil (10 mL·kg<sup>-1</sup>) containing 0.12% CCl<sub>4 </sub>for the induction of acute liver injury model. After fasting for 16 hours, blood was collected from eyeballs and liver tissues were collected. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissues. The content or activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and <italic>γ</italic>-glutamyl transpeptidase (<italic>γ</italic>-GT) in the serum, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver tissues were determined by biochemistry techniques. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> (TNF-<italic>α</italic>), interleukin-1<italic>β</italic> (IL-1<italic>β</italic>), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in liver tissues were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-<italic>κ</italic>B in liver tissues. The expression of phosphorylated NF-<italic>κ</italic>B (p-NF-<italic>κ</italic>B) was detected by immunohistochemistry. Result:Compared with the normal control group, the model group showed increased levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL, <italic>γ</italic>-GT, and MDA (<italic>P</italic><0.01), and blunted activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px (<italic>P</italic><0.01). Compared with the model group, the high- and medium-dose GPS groups exhibited declining levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL, <italic>γ</italic>-GT, and MDA (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01) and potentiated T-SOD and GSH-Px activities (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01). Compared with the normal control group, the model group displayed elevated levels of TNF-<italic>α</italic>, IL-1<italic>β</italic>, and IL-6 in liver tissues (<italic>P</italic><0.01) and increased protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, and p-NF-<italic>κ</italic>B (<italic>P</italic><0.01). Compared with the model group, the high- and medium-dose GPS groups showed decreased TNF-<italic>α</italic>, IL-1<italic>β</italic>, and IL-6 content in liver tissues (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01) and dwindled TLR4, MyD88, and p-NF-<italic>κ</italic>B protein expression (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01). Conclusion:GPS possesses a protective effect on mice with acute liver injury induced by CCl<sub>4</sub>, and its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-<italic>κ</italic>B signaling pathway and inhibition of oxidative stress.
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Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of serum free light chain ratio (rFLC) and difference (dFLC) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) . Methods: Clinical data of 479 cases of newly diagnosed MM patients with FLC test records referred to our hospital from January 2012 to March 2016 were collected. rFLC preferred cut-off values were selected as≤14.828,14.828-364.597, ≥364.597 according to the literatures. The dFLC was divided into ≤112.85,112.85-2891.83, ≥2891.83 mg/L three groups. The rFLC and dFLC values among the death, the non-death, the progress and the non-progress groups were compared by t test. The correlation analysis showed that the rFLC and dFLC values were related to the death or progression of the disease. Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between each factor and death or progression. Univariate survival analysis (PFS) and total survival (OS) were performed using Kaplan-Meier. Single-variable and multivariate prognostic analysis were performed using Cox model. Results: The cutoff values of rFLC less than 14.828 or dFLC less than or equal to 112.85 mg/L impacted most significant on OS and PFS of the patients (P<0.05) . Different rFLC cut-off values between two groups showed that when rFLC=14.828, OS was significantly better than the other two groups (NR vs 61 & 47 months, P=0.019) ; different dFLC cut-off values between two groups disclosed that PFS and OS were statistically significant when dFLC less than or equal to 112.85 mg/L compared with the other two groups (P<0.05) . The 4-year PFS/OS rates in the initial dFLC≤112.85 mg/L and rFLC≤14.828 groups was significantly higher than of the other two groups. Conclusion: Different cutoff levels of rFLC and dFLC might have obviously effects on the prognoses of patients with newly diagnosed MM. The difference of survival prognosis would be more pronounced when rFLC≤14.828 or dFLC≤112.85 mg/L with lower risk of death and lower risk ratio, which might be ideal cutoff value for determining the prognosis of these patients.
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Humanos , Cadeias Leves de Imunoglobulina , Mieloma Múltiplo , Análise Multivariada , Prognóstico , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
Objective?To investigate the use of submucosal injection of India ink for localization of colorectal lesions in laparoscopic surgery, and to evaluate its efficiency and safety.?Methods?A retrospective study of 146 patients with colorectal lesions from January 2015 to November 2017, who underwent preoperative colonoscopic marking with India ink and subsequently received laparoscopic colectomy was conducted. 1.0 ml of physiologic saline solution was first injected into the submucosa to produce an artificial submucosal elevation, and then 0.2 ml of 1 : 10 diluted India ink followed with another 1ml of physiologic saline solution was injected. Operation time, success rate, complications, location efficiency, and postoperative pathology were evaluated.?Results?The India ink tattooing was easily applied for all patients without complication. At laparoscopic surgery, all lesions could be clearly visualized. No ink diffusion, leakage, and local inflammatory responses were observed. The surgical margins of all samples were tumor negative.?Conclusion?Preoperative submucosal tattooing with India ink is recommended as an easy, safe and economical procedure.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of cefuroxime sodium (CS) on the electrophysiological function of cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) in Sprague-Dawley rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Postnatal day 7 (P7) Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into early administration I and II groups (administered from P7 to P14) and late administration group (administered from P14 to P21), and all the groups received intraperitoneally injected CS. The control groups for early and late administration groups were also established and treated with intraperitoneally injected normal saline of the same volume. There were 10 rats in each group. The rats in the early administration I group and early administration control group were sacrificed on P15, and those in the early administration II group, late administration group, and late administration control group were sacrificed on P22. The whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record inward current and action potential of PCs on cerebellar slices, as well as the long-term depression (LTD) of excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) in PCs induced by low-frequency stimulation of parallel fiber (PF).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control groups, the early and late administration groups had a slightly higher magnitude of inward current and a slightly higher amplitude of action potential of PCs (P>0.05). All administration groups had a significantly higher degree of EPSC inhibition than the control groups (P<0.01), and the early administration II group had a significantly greater degree of EPSC inhibition than the late administration group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Early CS exposure after birth affects the synaptic plasticity of PF-PCs in the cerebellum of young rats, which persists after drug withdrawal.</p>
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Animais , Ratos , Antibacterianos , Farmacologia , Cefuroxima , Farmacologia , Potenciais Pós-Sinápticos Excitadores , Plasticidade Neuronal , Células de Purkinje , Fisiologia , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Pathophysiological processes, such as malignancy, can lead to the formation of stiffer tissue in lung cancers. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) elastography is a novel technique for measuring tissue stiffness during EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). The current study was conducted to investigate the diagnostic value of EBUS elastography for mediastinal and hilar lymph node metastasis in lung cancers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2014 to January 2015, 40 patients suspected of lung cancer were enrolled, and a total of 68 lymph nodes were evaluated by EBUS-TBNA. EBUS-guided elastography of lymph nodes was performed prior to EBUS-TBNA. Standard EBUS characteristics were also described. Pathological determination of malignant or benign lymph nodes was used as the gold standard for this study. If EBUS-TBNA did not result in a formal pathological diagnosis of malignancy, patients were referred for a surgical procedure. Comparisons of elastography and standard EBUS characteristics were made between benign and malignant lymph nodes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Elastography grading scores and strain ratios showed significant differences between benign and malignant lymph nodes (P = 0.000). The elastography strain ratio was more sensitive and specific for determining malignant lymph nodes than elastography grading score or standard EBUS criteria. The receiver operating characteristic curve for the elastography strain ratio showed an area under the curve of 0.933. The best cut-off point of the strain ratio for differentiating malignant from benign lymph nodes was 32.07. The elastography strain ratio had a sensitivity of 88.1%, the specificity of 80.8%, positive predictive value of 88.1%, and negative predictive value of 80.8% for distinguishing malignant from benign nodes. The overall accuracy of elastography strain ratio was 85.3%. The strain ratio of malignant and benign lymph nodes positively correlated with the elastography grading score (r = 0.561, P = 0.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EBUS elastography can be effectively used to predict mediastinal and hilar lymph node metastases in lung cancer. This noninvasive technique may thus complement standard EBUS and help guide EBUS-TBNA procedures.</p>
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Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Técnicas de Imagem por Elasticidade , Métodos , Endossonografia , Métodos , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Diagnóstico , Linfonodos , Patologia , Mediastino , PatologiaRESUMO
Age-related macular degeneration( AMD) is one of the major reasons of blindness among the elderly in the developed countries. As AMD patients are increasing year by year, AMD has become one of the important topics of ophthalmic research to prevent blindness. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood, but many studies have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) plays an important role in the pathogenesis. With the development and application of anti - VEGF drugs, there are a variety of drugs applied to the disease. This article introduces conbercept for the treatment of AMD.
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of tumor. Recently, it is discovered that circulating microRNA exist stably in body fluids, such as serum/plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, urine, breast milk and so on. Circulating microRNA profiles now have been associated with different hematologic malignancy types, disease states and prognosis. They may serve as a new class of non-invasive diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, and even the potential therapeutic targets in hematologic malignancies. In this article, the circulating miRNA, existent pattern and function of circulating miRNA, and circulating miRNA and hematologic malignancies are reviewed.
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Humanos , Neoplasias Hematológicas , Genética , MicroRNAsRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the immunization status of hepatitis B vaccine who were inoculated at birth, HBV infections and the vaccine booster effect in the first-year middle school students (12 - 14 years old).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cluster, stratified simplified random sampling method was administrated. The sample size was at least 218, which was calculated by Epi Info 3.3.2 software at 53% the minimum acceptable anti-HBs positive rate and 95% confidence level. A total of 250 and 236 students participated in the infection status and booster immunization effects investigation. The HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc IgG were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HBV DNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the diagnostic test kit were produced respectively by ABBOTT, Diasorin and Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For the immunization status before booster: the positive rate of anti-HBs was 62.80% (157/250), the GMT was 73.79 IU/L; the currently HBV infection rate (HBsAg and anti-HBc positive) was 2.80% (7/250). After injection, the anti-HBs positive rate was 94.92% (224/236). Compared with the before booster results, the significant difference was observed (χ(2) = 73.92, P = 0.00). The GMT was 521.15 IU/L, comparing with the before booster results, there was significant difference (t = 15.98, P = 0.00). The anti-HBs conversion rate (from negative to positive) was 91.86% (79/86) after immune-enhancement; of which, 11 students got the second dose of booster vaccine who are no-responders after first injection, in addition 8 students got the anti-HBs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is an effective method to put the first-year middle school students into the immune-enhancement program, so as to improve the immunization memory effect and avoid the loss of protective antibodies.</p>
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Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , China , Relação Dose-Resposta Imunológica , Hepatite B , Alergia e Imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B , Alergia e Imunologia , Vacinas contra Hepatite B , Alergia e Imunologia , Imunização Secundária , Memória Imunológica , Alergia e Imunologia , Instituições Acadêmicas , EstudantesRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the accuracy and value of the placement of metallic clips during colonoscopy in the localization of colorectal cancer and incision selection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 30 patients received metallic clip placement by colonoscopy before operation. Abdominal plain film (supine and upright position) was taken and incision was determined by the projection of clips on the abdominal wall.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The inaccuracy rate of localization by colonoscopy was 30%(9/30). Colonoscopy combined with the placement of metallic clips achieved an accurate incision rate of 100% (30/30).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There is a considerable rate of inaccuracy for localization in colonic cancer by colonoscopy. Colonoscopy combined with placement of metallic clips should be considered in order to select a reasonable incision.</p>
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Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Colo , Cirurgia Geral , Neoplasias do Colo , Cirurgia Geral , Colonoscopia , Instrumentos CirúrgicosRESUMO
This study was aimed to investigate the clinical feasibility of using multiplex PT-PCR assay for screening rare/cryptic chromosome translocations in patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia. For 126 patients with de novo AML-M4/M5 without common chromosome translocations including t(15;17), t(8;21) and t(16;16), 3 parallel multiplex RT-PCR assays were set up to detect 6 mll-related gene rearrangements (mll/af10, mll/af17, mll/ell, mll/af9, mll/af6 and mll/enl) with low detection rate and 4 rare fusion genes (dek/can, tls/erg, aml1/mds (evi1) and npm/mlf1). The results showed that 11 patients with positive result from 126 patients were detected which involved in 5 molecular abnormalities. Among them, 10 cases were AML-M5 (16.67%), 1 cases AML-M4 (1.51%). The marker chromosomes were observed in 2 cases out of 11 cases through conventional karyotyping analysis, the karyotyping analysis in 1 case was not performed because this case had 1 mitotic figure only, no any cytogenetic aberrations were found in other 8 cases through R-band karyotyping analysis. It is concluded that multiplex RT-PCR designed in this study can quickly, effectively and accurately identify the rare/cryptic chromosome translocations and can be used in clinical detection.
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Humanos , Bandeamento Cromossômico , Rearranjo Gênico , Testes Genéticos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Métodos , Translocação GenéticaRESUMO
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is recognized to be a key modulator in the pathogenesis of Th2-induced allergic inflammation. Transcription factors GATA3 and NFAT1 have been both implicated in the regulation of Th2 cytokines. We previously demonstrated the GATA3-NFAT1 association during human T cell activation. However, the function of the GATA3-NFAT1 complex in Th2 cytokines regulation is still unknown. Small interference RNA (siRNA) was constructed to knock down GATA3 expression in Hut-78 cells to investigate the possible role of GATA3-NFAT1 complex in IL-13 transcription.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 plus anti-CD28 antibodies to mimic in vivo antigen-mediated co-stimulation; the expression of IL-13 mRNA was determined by real-time PCR; chromation immunoprecipitation (CHIP) assay was employed to investigate the NFAT1 binding to IL-13 promoter.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>GATA3 siRNA suppressed the expression of GATA3 both in mRNA and protein levels in Hut-78 cells. The binding of NFAT1 to IL-13 promoter was inhibited by GATA3 siRNA in activated T cells, which was followed by the reduction of IL-13 transcription.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GATA3-NFAT1 complex may play an important role in the regulation of IL-13 transcription in human T cells.</p>
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Humanos , Células Cultivadas , Fator de Transcrição GATA3 , Genética , Interleucina-13 , Genética , Fatores de Transcrição NFATC , Metabolismo , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , RNA Interferente Pequeno , Genética , Linfócitos T , Metabolismo , TransfecçãoRESUMO
Objective To assess the impact on caretaker who looked after patients with Parkinson's disease(PD) and to identify the main factors related to their burden.Methods 115 consecutive pairs of PD patients and their caretakers were included.Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) was used to assess the burden of PD on the caretakers.Patients were evaluated by neurologists using the United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS),the Hoehn and Yahr Scale(H-Y Scale),the Activity of Daily Liring Scale(ADL),the Parkinson's Disease Quesnonnaire(PDQ-39),the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD),the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA),the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)and the Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE).Multiple linear stepwise regression models were fired to ascertain the factors linked to the CBI.Results Based on multiple linear stepwise regression analysis,ADL(β=-0.813,t=-6.265,P=0.000)and PDQ-39(β=0.285,t=4.256,P=0.000)of patients and the age ofcaretakers(β=0.327,t=3.107,P=0.002)proved to be the main predictors of CBI.Conclusion Many factors might comprehensively affct the burden of PD on caretakers of the patients.Attention needs to be given to the early identification of factors that generating stress on 1iveretakers in order to improve their quality of life.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the focus management mode and the report criteria more perfectly for the virus hepatitis cases, especially for the hepatitis B.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One district was set as the research area, in which there was enough cases resource and relatively separated from the other districts, then a first or second-class hospital was appointed to take the cases focus diagnosis, report and management.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The focus hospitals had reported 97% (323/331) of cases in the research area between June,2007 and June,2008; moreover,the rate in establishing case-card was 97.21% (314/323), as compared with that in period of 2007 (261), the cases reported declined 61.30% in the first half year of 2008 (101).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It should be an imperative situation to establish a report criteria and management mode for virus hepatitis (hepatitis B), however it is necessary to have more supports from health administrations.</p>