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Objective@#To explore the intervention effect of group counseling integrating teadrinking on depression, social avoidance and distress, coping styles and selfesteem among college students, so as to provide references for promoting the psychological health of students.@*Methods@#From March to June 2021, a convenience sampling method was used to recruit 46 college students from a university in Nanjing for intervention project. There were 23 students in intervention group and control group, respectively. The intervention was conducted for 2.5 hours per week across a 6 week period. The intervention group received two sessions of group counseling that incorporated teadrinking experience, and the sessions involved tea knowledge explanation, observation and learning, embodied experience, emotional expression, interpersonal assistance and emotional support, cultural customs and life integration. After the intervention was completed, the control group received onetime group counseling that integrated teadrinking. The Wilcoxon difference test and Mann-Whitney U test were performed to compare the scores of each scale within and between the groups, and the χ2 test was used to compare the detection rates.@*Results@#There were no statistically significant differences in the scores of positive coping, negative coping, selfesteem, social avoidance and distress between the intervention group and the control group (Z=-1.20, -0.33, -0.35, 1.31,P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in positive coping styles, selfesteem, social avoidance and distress between the intervention group and the control group after the intervention(27.70±5.60,22.05±4.30;30.52±3.63,28.27±4.06;7.43±7.38,13.64±6.79) (Z=-3.31, -2.10, 3.22, P<0.05). The intervention group showed statistically significant differences in social avoidance and distress scores before and after the intervention(11.96±7.47,7.43±7.38) (Z=-2.88), and the depression detection rate decreased(60.9%,30.4%) (χ2=4.29) (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in positive coping, negative coping, selfesteem, social avoidance and distress scores, and depression detection rate between the control group before and after the intervention (Z/χ2=-0.28, -0.42, -1.24, -1.25;1.39, P>0.05). The followup results 1year later showed that there was a statistically significant difference in social avoidance and distress(6.57±6.21,14.16±9.22), and in the detection rates of depression(21.7%,52.2%) between the intervention group and the control group (Z/χ2=2.70,4.57,P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Group counseling integrating teadrinking could improve interpersonal relationships, emotional states, selfesteem levels and coping strategies among college students. Group psychological counseling that incorporates teadrinking can be adopted to improve the mental health status of college students.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of epidural analgesia plus dexmedetomidine infusion on postpartum depression in parturients with natural childbirth. MethodsWe selected 70 parturients aged between 22 and 36, with singleton, term, cephalic presentation, natural delivery and ASA class I or Ⅱ. The cases undergoing epidural analgesia with ropivacaine and sufentanil were randomly divided into two groups by using a random number table (n=35 for each group). The control group (Group C) used intravenous infusion of normal saline, while the experimental group (Group D) used equivalent volumes of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine. Participants were followed up at 1, 6, 12 weeks after childbirth to assess the severity of postpartum depression. Blood samples were collected at 12 h and 48 h after childbirth to measure the serum prolactin levels. The hemodynamic (HR and MAP) changes, VAS scores, and Ramsay scores were recorded at five time points: before analgesia (T1), 10 min after analgesia (T2), 30 min after analgesia (T3), 12 h (T4) and 24 h (T5) after delivery. The number of analgesia pump presses and adverse events were also documented. ResultsCompared with Group C, Group D showed significantly lower EPDS scores at 1 week after childbirth, significantly higher prolactin concentrations at 12 h and 48 h after childbirth, significantly lower VAS scores at T2, T3 and T4, significantly higher Ramsay score at T3 and significantly reduced number of analgesia pump presses (P < 0.05). ConclusionEpidural analgesia plus intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine can alleviate early postpartum depression in women undergoing natural delivery, promote early prolactin secretion and provide a safe and effective adjunctive analgesic and sedative effect.
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@#Abstract: Objective To investigate the type and distribution of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in Hainan tuberculosis hospital from 2019 to 2021, and to provide reference for the development of drug resistant tuberculosis prevention and control strategy. Methods From 2019 to 2021, a total of 1 687 strains of sputum were isolated and cultured and identified as MTB. Drug sensitivity testing was performed on eight anti-tuberculosis drugs: isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RFP, R), ethambutol (EMB), streptomycin (SM), kanamycin (KM), capreomycin (CPM), ofloxacin (OFX), and propylthioisoniacamide (PTO). The drug resistance analysis was conducted. Results Among the 1 687 MTB strains, the overall drug resistance rate was 41.32% (697), with a single drug resistance rate of 11.62% (196), a multi-drug resistance rate of 4.10% (69), a extensive drug resistance rate of 23.71% (400), a pan-drug resistance rate of 1.90% (32), and a rifampicin resistance rate of 28.10% (474), and the main drug resistance types were extensive drug resistance and rifampicin resistance. The order of resistance to the eight drugs was OFX (64) > SM (62) > INH (48) > RFP (19) > CPM (2) > KM (1) > EMB (0) and PTO (0). The rate of resistance to INH and RFP of first-line drugs in newly treated patients was lower than that in retreated patients (χ2=0.110, 0.765; P>0.05); the rate of resistance to second-line drugs OFX, CPM and KM in initially treated patients was lower than that in retreated patients (χ2=1.037, 1.212, 1.653; P>0.05). The total drug resistance rate in 2019 was 51.16%, which was higher than that in 2020 (35.08%) and 2021 (38.89%). The difference between groups was significant (χ2=29.25,16.60; P=0.000), but there was no significant difference in overall drug resistance rate between 2020 and 2021 (χ2=1.823, P=0.177). Among the occupational types of tuberculosis patients, farmers were the main ones, accounting for 56.25% (949). The patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis were mainly distributed in Haikou City (165) > Wanning City (72) > Chengmai County(64) > Wenchang City (51) = Dongfang City (51) > Danzhou City (48), and patients in these six areas accounting for 64.71%(451/697). Conclusions The drug resistance rate of tuberculosis in Hainan Province is relatively high, with OFX and SM resistance being the main types of drug resistance. The extensive drug resistance rate is higher than the national average level. Therefore, surveillance and treatment should be strengthened and optimized to reduce the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
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@#Abstract: Objective To investigate the occurrence of multidrug-resistance among tuberculosis patients in Hainan Province from 2014 to 2020 and to analyze the influencing factors, aiming to provide reference for formulating drug-resistant tuberculosis control strategies in this region. Methods This study collected sputum samples from the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from 2014 to 2020, and performed isolation and identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug susceptibility testing. After the strains were identified as positive, drug sensitivity tests were conducted, and multi-drug resistant patients were found. Clinical data was retrospectively collected, and chi-square test and unconditioned logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of multidrug resistance. Results A total of 2 672 patients underwent sputum culture, strain identification, and drug susceptibility testing in TB designated hospitals in Hainan Province from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020. Among them, 1 942 patients with available drug susceptibility test results and complete clinical data were enrolled, among which 398 cases with drug-resistant TB were included in the case group, and 1 544 cases without drug resistance were included in the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that farmers, rural residence, treatment history of retreatment, irregular medication history, number of pulmonary cavities ≥3, and BMI<18.5 were independent risk factors for MDR-TB. The risk of MDR-TB in farmers was higher than that in non-farmers (OR=1.542, 95%CI: 1.150-2.020); patients living in rural areas had a higher risk of multidrug resistance than those living in urban areas (OR=1.445, 95%CI: 1.095-1.907); the risk of MDR in the retreatment patients was higher than that in the initial treatment patients (OR=5.616, 95%CI: 4.250-7.421); the risk of multi-drug resistance in patients with irregular medication was higher than that in patients with regular medication (OR=2.665, 95%CI: 2.012-3.531); the risk of multidrug resistance in patients with pulmonary cavity number ≥3 was higher than that in patients with pulmonary cavity number <3 (OR=5.040, 95%CI: 3.768-6.740); compared with patients with BMI<18.5, patients with BMI=18.5-24.0 and BMI≥24.0 had a lower risk of multidrug resistance (OR=0.735, 95%CI: 0.555-0.975 and OR=0.447,95%CI:0.225-0.888, respectively). Conclusions Retreatment, farmer occupation, rural residence, irregular medication and low BMI may be the risk factors for multidrug resistance in Hainan Province.
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Objective@#To learn the characteristics of adolescent pregnancy in Wenzhou from 2015 to 2019, so as to provide basis for protecting adolescent physical and mental health. @*Methods@#Data of demographic characteristics, pregnancy and delivery outcomes of the women aged under 19 years ( adolescent pregnant ) and 20 to 34 years ( right-age pregnant ) who delivered in Wenzhou from 2015 to 2019 were collected from Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Information Management System. The incidence of pregnancy complication, comorbidity and adverse delivery outcomes of adolescent pregnant women was compared with that of right-age pregnant women.@*Results@#Among 536 753 parturients reported in Wenzhou from 2015 to 2019, there were 22 419 ( 4.18% ) of adolescent pregnancy and 430 163 ( 80.14% ) of right-age pregnancy. The average age of adolescent pregnant women was (18.11±0.82) years ( range, 10-19 years ). The majority of adolescent pregnant women were migrant population (19 437 cases, 86.70%), had an education level of junior high school and below ( 18 594 cases, 82.94% ), and had no occupation (19 192 cases, 85.61%). The incidence rates of anemia, gestational diabetes, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal laceration and premature delivery in adolescent pregnant women increased from 2015 to 2019 ( all P<0.05 ). The incidence rates of gestational diabetes, anemia, gestational hypertension, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal laceration, premature delivery, low birth weight, fetal death and stillbirth were 1.65%, 11.76%, 0.19%, 0.26%, 3.19%, 24.52%, 6.03%, 5.53%, 0.50% and 0.04% in adolescent pregnant women, which were significant different from 5.49%, 8.94%, 0.13%, 0.01%, 0.17%, 23.46%, 4.66%, 3.08%, 0.26% and 0.01% in the right-age pregnant women, respectively ( all P<0.05 ). @*Conclusions@#The adolescent pregnant population in Wenzhou are mainly migrant population with lower education level and no occupation. The incidence rates of pregnancy complication, comorbidity and adverse birth outcomes in adolescent pregnant population are higher than those in right-age pregnant population, and are increasing year by year.
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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To explore the feasibility of health competence cultivation on the prevention and control of Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia (IPH). METHODS Patients with expected spinal surgery were divided into group A and group B by the random number method. Group B followed routine IPH management, and health training measures for performance and ability were implemented in Group A. The scores of the health competence questionnaire, the temperature at different times, IPH complications, and hospitalization for the two groups were observed and compared. RESULTS The main evaluation indexes, such as the health competence questionnaire score, temperature fluctuations, and IPH complications, during the perioperative period in group A were significantly better than those in group B (p < 0.05). The indexes of anesthesia, total hospital expenses, and health service satisfaction in group A were also significantly better than those in group B, which shows the advantages of cultivating health capabilities in both doctors and patients. CONCLUSION Through health competence cultivation and feasible health management measures, the medical staff can improve the quality of IPH prevention and management.
RESUMO OBJETIVO Explorar a viabilidade do cultivo da competência em saúde na prevenção e controle da hipotermia perioperativa inadvertida (IPH). MÉTODOS Pacientes com cirurgia espinhal marcada foram divididos em dois grupos, A e B, pelo método de números aleatórios. O grupo B foi conduzido com base na gestão rotineira para prevenção de IPH; já no grupo A, foram implementadas medidas de treinamento em competência de saúde. As pontuações do questionário sobre competência em saúde, a temperatura aferida em diferentes momentos, complicações relacionadas à IPH e hospitalização dos dois grupos foram observadas e comparadas. RESULTADOS Os principais índices de avaliação, como a pontuação do questionário sobre competência em saúde, a variação de temperatura e as complicações relacionadas à IPH durante o período perioperatório foram significativamente melhores no grupo A do que no grupo B (p<0,05). Os índices de anestesia, despesas hospitalares totais e satisfação com o serviço de saúde também foram significativamente melhores no grupo A do que no B, o que demonstra as vantagens do cultivo da competência de saúde tanto em médicos como em pacientes. CONCLUSÃO Por meio do cultivo de competências de saúde e de medidas viáveis de gestão da saúde, a equipe médica pode melhorar a qualidade da prevenção e gestão da IPH.
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Humanos , Período Perioperatório , Hipotermia , Anestesia/efeitos adversos , Temperatura , Complicações IntraoperatóriasRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the regulatory role of classical Shh signaling pathway in the development of the epithelium and mesenchyme (bronchial cartilage and smooth muscles) during lung development in fetal mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of Shh signaling pathway receptor Smo and Pdgfr-α in murine fetal lungs to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of their expression. Based on the interstitial specificity of Pdgfr-α expression, we constructed a Pdgfr-α-cre to establish a E12.5 - E16.5 transgenic mice with specific knockout of the key Shh signaling molecule Smo in the pulmonary interstitium with tamoxifen induction. Immunofluorescence technique was used to observe the epithelium and mesenchyme (bronchial cartilage and smooth muscle) during fetal lung development in the transgenic mice to assess the role of Shh signaling pathway in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) transition during the lung development.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Smo was highly expressed in the epithelial and stromal lung tissues in the pseudoglandular stage and was gradually lowered over time with its distribution mainly in the interstitial tissues. Pdgfr-α was enriched in the distal lung epithelial and mesenchy tissues in early embryonic lungs and gradually migrated to the proximal stroma until becoming concentrated around the main bronchial proximal stroma. We successfully specific established mouse models of specific mesenchymal Smo knockout. Compared with the control group, the transgenic mice during E12.5-E16.5 showed significantly reduced lung the volume and bronchial branching with also decreased expression of the proximal epithelial P63 (P<0.05). The transgenic mice exhibited alterations in the expression of α-smooth muscle actin with delayed bronchial cartilage development and decreased expression of mucoprotein.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The temporospatial specific expression of Shh signaling pathway plays an important role in developmental regulation of mouse embryonic lung epithelium and mesenchyme (bronchial cartilage and smooth muscle).</p>
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AIM:To investigate the safety and effect of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery with Cionni modified capsular tension ring (MCTR) implantation in the management of traumatic lens subluxation.METHODS: Totally 11 patients (11 eyes) with traumatic lens subluxation were divided into three groups according to the severity of lens dislocation, ranging from 90° to 120° (4 eyes), 120° to 180° (5 eyes) and 180° to 270° (2 eyes).The contact LenSx femtosecond laser cataract surgery platform was applied to create the capsulotomy, prepare nuclear fragmentation and make corneal wound creation.Anterior vitrectomy was performed in some patients during the surgery.After capsular retractors insertion and phacoemulsification, the MCTR was inserted to the capsular bag and fixed to the sclera.Finally, the IOL was implanted into the capsular bag.Postoperative visual acuity, intra-and post-operative complications, anterior capsular opening, IOL and MCTR position and intraocular pressure (IOP) were assessed.RESULTS:The duration of follow-up was 2mo.All the operations were completed successfully.Five eyes underwent cataract surgery combined with anterior vitrectomy.Four eyes had been inserted with 2-eyelet MCTR and seven eyes with 1-eyelet MCTR.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after operation was better than 0.5 in 4 eyes, between 0.3 and 0.5 in 3 eyes, between 0.1 and 0.3 in 3 eyes, and less than 0.1 in 1 eye.Compared with preoperative BCVA, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).All the IOLs were stably centered and the eyelet of MCTR was fixated steadily between the iris and the anterior capsule.The common intra-and post-operative complications were subconjunctival hemorrhage, incomplete capsulotomy, residual cortex, secondary glaucoma and posterior capsular opacification.CONCLUSION:Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery can improve the success rate of capsulorhexis, and reduce the difficulty of nuclear fragmentation.Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with MCTR implantation is an ideal surgical method for traumatic lens subluxation.
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OBJECTIVE: The change of DNA methylation of thymocyte differentiation antigen-1( Thy-1) was observed in beryllium sulfate( Be SO4) stimulated human fetal lung fibroblast( MRC-5 cell) to explore the effects of Thy-1 in Be SO4 induced lung fibrosis. METHODS: MRC-5 cell culture in vitro model was used. The final concentrations of Be SO4were1. 0,10. 0 and 100. 0 μmol / L( low-,medium- and high-dose groups). The control was untreated. Other 2 intervention groups were the 5-azacytidine( AZC) intervention group( 10. 0 μmol / L of AZC and 10. 0 μmol / L Be SO4) and the trichostatin A( TSA) intervention group( 0. 5 μmol / L of TSA and 10. 0 μmol / L Be SO4). The cells were collected 24,48 and 72 hours after exposure. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction( PCR) was used to determine the relative expression of collagen typeⅠ( Col Ⅰ),collagen type Ⅲ( Col Ⅲ),α-smooth muscle actin( α-SMA) and Thy-1 mRNA.The nested landed methylation specific PCR was used to detect the Thy-1 DNA methylation level. RESULTS: At 24 hours,the relative expression level of Col Ⅲ mRNA in MRC-5 cells showed an increasing trend with increasing dose( P < 0. 05);at 48 and 72 hours,the relative expression levels of Col Ⅰ,Col Ⅲ and α-SMA mRNA in MRC-5 cells increased with the increasing dose( P < 0. 05). All these 3 indicators in MRC-5 cells of 3 dose groups increased with the increase of expose time( P < 0. 05). The relative expression level of Thy-1 mRNA in MRC-5 cells of all 3 dose groups were lower than that in control( P < 0. 05). The relative expression level of Thy-1 mRNA of the high-dose group was lower than that of the lowdose group( P < 0. 05). The Thy-1 DNA methylation levels in the medium- and high-dose groups were both higher than that of the control( P < 0. 05). The Thy-1 DNA methylation levels of the 3 dose groups increased with the increasing dose( P < 0. 05). The Thy-1 DNA methylation levels of MRC-5 cells in the 2 intervention groups were higher than that of the control( P < 0. 05),but there was no significant difference when compared with the medium-dose group( P > 0. 05).CONCLUSION: Be SO4 stimulation can induce the fibrosis of MRC-5 cells. In this process,the Thy-1 DNA methylation level increases,while the Thy-1 mRNA expression level decrease. Thy-1 DNA methylation might be one of the important mechanisms of lung fibrosis induced by Be SO4.
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Objective To investigate the profiles of serum nerve grow factor profile (NGF),neurotrophin (NT)-3,as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) complicated with interstitial lung damage (ILD).Methods Forty-seven patients were divided into 2 groups:ILD group (30 patients) and non-ILD group (17 patients).Twenty healthy blood donors were used as controls.Serum levels of NGF,NT-3,as well as BDNF were measured serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ANOVA was used to compare serum level of NTs.When a significant difference was found,the exact P-values were calculated using the student's t-test or t-test followed by Bonferroni's correction.Pearson test was used for correlation analysis.Results The serum NGF levels in healthy control group,the non-ILD group and the ILD group were (182±43),(308±72),(480±96) pg/ml respectively.There was statistically significant difference between the three groups (F=90.3,P<0.01),and the serum NGF levels were elevated significantly in ILD and non-ILD patient groups as compared with healthy controls (t=12.9 and t=6.5 respectively,both P<0.01).The serum level of NGF was significantly higher in ILD group than that in the non-ILD group (t=6.4,P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the serum levels of NT-3 among the two patient groups and healthy controls.On the contrary,BDNF levels were significantly decreased in both ILD [(792± 106) pg/ml] and non-ILD patients groups [(963±93) pg/ml] when compared with healthy controls [(1 281±107) pg/ml] (t=15.9 and t=9.6 respectively,both P<0.01).The decrease was also significant in ILD group when compared with non-ILD group (t=5.6,P<0.01).Moreover,NGF and BDNF both showed significant correlation with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level in ILD group by applying Pearson correlation analysis (r=0.56,P<0.01; r=-0.48,P<0.05 respectively).Conclusion Neurotrophins may play an import role in the pathogenesis of DM.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>In county-level tuberculosis (TB) dispensaries in China, the accurate diagnosis of sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (SNPT) needs to be improved by developing and validating clinical and radiographic predictors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study was conducted simultaneously in three counties per province in Chongqing Municipality and Liaoning Province in China between May 2005 and May 2006. A total of 432 new SNPT patients who are HIV-negative and more than 15 years old diagnosed by expert panels in county-level TB dispensaries were recruited. Their sputum samples were collected for culture before anti-TB treatment, and the treatment outcomes (changes of X-rays) were followed up at the end of the 6th month.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 432 SNPT patients, sputum culture positive (9.7%) or culture negative with good changes of X-rays at the end of the 6th month (73.6%) was validated as SNPT. Four predictive variables were associated with validated SNPT in the multivariate logistic regression model: age ≤55 years old (odds ratio (OR) 5.66; 95% CI 2.69-11.91), >60 days of cough (OR 3.73; 95% CI 1.10-12.65), ≥10% of pulmonary consolidation in the lungs (OR 5.40; 95% CI 2.90-10.06), and pulmonary consolidation in the upper lobe anterior segment (OR 3.00; 95% CI 1.57-5.72). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model was 0.77 (95% CI 0.71-0.83).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Four predictors of clinical and radiological characteristics that had a good diagnostic performance of SNPT deserve to be recommended as index indicators of SNPT diagnosis in county-level TB dispensaries in China.</p>
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Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , China , Estudos Transversais , Soronegatividade para HIV , Modelos Logísticos , Escarro , Microbiologia , Tuberculose Pulmonar , DiagnósticoRESUMO
Small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) can be covalently attached to target proteins and thereby plays a crucial role in regulating the normal functions of cells, such as protein-protein interaction, subcellular localization, DNA repair, cell cycle and transcription factor regulation. Several lines have implicated that sumoylation is important in disease occurrence and development. This brief review will focus on some recent findings about the roles of sumoylation in the etiology and treatment of hematological malignancies.
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Animais , Humanos , Doenças Hematológicas , Patologia , Terapêutica , SumoilaçãoRESUMO
Objective To investigate the effects of circadian rhythm on interictal epileptiform discharges in patients with localization-related epilepsy.Methods Patients diagnosed with epilepsy in Sanbo Brain Hospital from January 2011 to January 2012 participated in this study.All patients were subjected to comprehensive evaluation,which included prolonged video-electroencephalogram (EEG),magnetic resonance imaging.Intracranial electrodes,PET,SPECT were also adopted if necessary.Circadian rhythm was divided into four stages:REM,NREM Ⅰ-Ⅱ,NREM Ⅲ-Ⅳ,and waking.The amount and distribution of ⅡD were compared by ANOVA.Results Significant differences in the amount and distribution of ⅡD were found among NREM Ⅰ-Ⅱ,NREM Ⅲ-Ⅳ,REM,and waking.However,no differences in the amount and distribution of ⅡD were noted between NREM Ⅰ-Ⅱ and NREM Ⅲ-Ⅳ as well as between REM and waking.Conclusion The amount of ⅡD is higher in NREM than in REM and waking;thus,NREM is more sensitive to diagnose epilepsy.The distribution of ⅡD in REM and waking is more restricted than that in NREM.
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Objective To determine if the cardiac index (CI) measured with arterial pressure-based cardiac output (APCO) agrees with that measured with pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) during cesarean section in parturients with congenital heart disease and severe pulmonary hypertension.Methods Thirty parturients with congenital heart disease and severe pulmonary hypertension,scheduled for elective cesarean section,were enrolled in the study.APCO and PAC were used for cardiac output and other parameters of hemodynamics monitoring during operation in all patients.Continuous epidural anesthesia was performed.CI was recorded immediately before epidural administration (T1),at 5 and 10 min after epidural administration (T2-3),immediately before delivery (T4),and at 2 and 5 min after delivery (T5-6).The correlation was tested by Pearsone correlation analysis.CI derived from APCO and PAC was compared by Bland-Altman analysis for agreement.Results CI measured with PAC was significantly higher than that measured with APCO (P < 0.05).Compared with the baseline value at T1,no significant difference in CI measured with PAC and APCO was found at T11-T4 and T6 (P > 0.05),and CI measured with PAC and APCO was significantly increased at T5 (P < 0.05).Bland-Ahman analysis showed poor agreement between CI measured with the two methods.The correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between CI derived from the two methods at T1-6 (the correlation coefficient was 0.93,0.95,0.94,0.89,0.96 and 0.91 at T1-6,respectively,P < 0.05).Conclusion CI value obtained with APCO agrees poorly with that obtained with PAC during cesarean section in parturients with congenital heart disease and severe pulmonary hypertension,but agrees well in monitoring the changing trend of CI.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>For patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG), it is important to establish a hemodynamic monitoring system to obtain powerful parameters for better intraoperative treatment. This study aimed to observe the clinical feasibility of arterial pressure-based cardiac output (APCO) for cardiac output (CO) monitoring and to evaluate the correlation between APCO and pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) for CO measurement for patients undergoing OPCABG intraoperatively.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) classification II-III, undergoing elective OPCABG at Beijing Anzhen Hospital were randomly enrolled into this study. All patients were assigned to CO monitoring by PAC and APCO simultaneously. Patients with pacemaker, severe valvular heart disease, left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) < 40%, cardiac arrhythmias, peripheral vascular disease, application of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) and emergent diversion to cardiac pulmonary bypass were excluded. The radial artery waveform was analyzed to estimate the stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR) continuously. CO was calculated as SV ' HR; other derived parameters were cardiac index (CI), stroke volume index (SVI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI). PAC was placed via right internal jugular vein and the correct position was confirmed by PAC waveforms. Continuous cardiac output (CCO), CI and other hemodynamic parameters were monitored at following 5 time points: immediate after anesthesia induction (baseline value), anastomosis of left internal mammary artery to left anterior descending artery (LAD), anastomosis of left circumflex (LCX), anastomosis of posterior descending artery (PDA) and immediate after sternal closure.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the 50 patients, preoperative echocardiography measured left ventricular EF was (52.8 ± 11.5)%, and 35 patients (70%) showed regional wall motion abnormalities. The correlation coefficient of CO monitored by APCO and PAC were 0.70, 0.59, 0.78, 0.74 and 0.85 at each time point. The bias range of CI monitored from both APCO and PAC were (0.39 ± 0.06) L×min(-1)×m(-2), (0.48 ± 0.12) L×min(-1)×m(-2), (0.26 ± 0.06) L×min(-1)×m(-2), (0.27 ± 0.06) L×min(-1)×m(-2), (0.30 ± 0.05) L×min(-1)×m(-2) at each time point. The results of SVR by two hemodynamic monitoring techniques had good correlation during OPCABG. The variation trends of SVR were opposite comparing with the results of CO. SVR collected from PAC obtained the highest value of (1220.0 ± 254.0) dyn×s×cm(-5) at PDA anastomosis, but the highest value obtained from APCO was (1206.0 ± 226.5) dyn×s×cm(-5) in LCX anastomosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>APCO is feasible in hemodynamic monitoring for patients undergoing OPCABG. The results of hemodynamic monitoring derived from APCO and PAC are closely correlated. Its characterizations of timely, accurate and continuous display of hemodynamic parameters are also obviously demonstrated in the present study.</p>
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Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pressão Arterial , Fisiologia , Débito Cardíaco , Fisiologia , Cateterismo de Swan-Ganz , Métodos , Ponte de Artéria Coronária , Métodos , Hemodinâmica , Monitorização Intraoperatória , MétodosRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the intervention and mechanism of ambroxol combined with low-dose heparin on oxidative stress, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in rabbits with acute lung injury (ALI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four healthy Japanese rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: (1) Normal saline control group (NC), (2) Oleic acid injury group (OA), (3) Ambroxol + low-dose heparin therapy group (AH). After the success of ALI model, AH group was injected ambroxol + low-dose heparin, while the NC group and OA group were injected the same dose of normal saline by the same method. Arterial oxygen tension (PaO2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) at different time points were determined. The pathological manifestation of both side lungs was observed at the end of expeiment. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), xanthine oxidase (XO) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue homogenate were tested. The apoptosis index was detected. The lung wet/dry (W/D) ratio was calculated. The pathological changes in lung tissue were observed by light microscopy, and the ultrastructural changes of lung tissue were observed by electron microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The instructive injury induced by ALI observed under electron microscope and light microscope and W/D was decreased significantly in AH group. (2) PaO2 was improved significantly in AH group, compared with that in OA group (P < 0.01). (3) The activity of GSH-Px and SOD in AH group increased significantly (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) but the activity of XO and the content of MDA decreased significantly (P < 0.01), compared with those in OA group. (4) Except the content of IL-1beta in serum before treatment, the content of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in serum, BALF, lung tissue homogenate of OA group increased significantly (P < 0.01), and those were obviously improved in AH group. (5) Apoptosis index (AI) in AH group decreased significantly (P < 0.01) compared with that in OA group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In ALI induced by OA, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha increases significantly and involved in the occurrence and development of ALI. Ambroxol combined with low-dose heparin can reduce lung cells oxidative stress to inhibit the release of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, which play a role in the treatment of ALI.</p>
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Coelhos , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda , Tratamento Farmacológico , Metabolismo , Ambroxol , Usos Terapêuticos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Heparina , Interleucina-1beta , Metabolismo , Ácidos Oleicos , Estresse Oxidativo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , MetabolismoRESUMO
The effects of betulinic acid (BA),a pentacyclic lupane-type triterpene,on the cell viability,cell cycle and apoptosis in human leukemia K562 cells were investigated.The effects of BA on the growth of K562 cells were studied by MTT assay.Apoptosis was assayed through Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double-labeled cytometry.The effects of BA on the cell cycle of K562 cells were studied by a PI method.The expression of Bax and capase-3 was detected by using Western blot.The results showed that BA was cytotoxic to K562 cells with an IC50 of 21.26 μg/mL at 24 h.After treating K562 cells with 10 μg/mL BA for 72 h,the number of cells was reduced by 58%.BA induced apoptosis of K562 cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner.The proportion of cells in G0/G1 and G2/M phases was decreased and that in S phase was increased after K562 cells were treated with BA for 24 h.BA treatment also increased the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3.It suggested that BA could inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.The antitumor effects of BA were related with up-regulation of the expression of Bax and caspase-3 proteins.BA may qualify for the development of new therapies for leukemia.
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the mechanism of action of emodin for suppressing acute allograft rejection in a rat model of liver transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Brown Norway (BW) recipient rats of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were divided into three groups, Group A receiving isografting (with BW rats as donor), Group B receiving allografting (with Lewis rats as donor), Group C receiving allografting and emodin treatment (50 mg/kg daily). They were sacrificed on day 7 of post-transplantation, and their hepatic histology, plasma cytokine levels, and T-cell subset expression were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those in Group A, rats: in Group B exhibited severe allograft rejection with a rejection activity index (RAI) of 7.67+/-0.98, extensive hepatocellular apoptosis with an apoptosis index (AI) of 35.83+/-2.32, and elevated plasma levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), CD4(+) and CD4 CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio. However, recipients in Group C showed a decrease in histological grade of rejection and hepatocellular apoptosis, as well as a decrease in plasma levels of IL-2, TNF-alpha, CD4(+) and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio, but elevated levels of IL-10 as compared with the allograft group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Post-OLT acute rejection could be attenuated by emodin, its mechanism of action may be associated with protecting hepatocytes from apoptosis, polarizing the Th 1 paradigm to Th2, and inhibiting the proliferation of CD4(+) T cell in plasma.</p>
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Doença Aguda , Apoptose , Citocinas , Sangue , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Emodina , Farmacologia , Usos Terapêuticos , Rejeição de Enxerto , Imunossupressores , Farmacologia , Usos Terapêuticos , Fígado , Patologia , Transplante de Fígado , Alergia e Imunologia , Reabilitação , Ratos Endogâmicos BN , Ratos Endogâmicos Lew , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T , Alergia e Imunologia , Patologia , Transplante HomólogoRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the mechanism of Emodin on the role of acute rejection in rat liver transplantation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Forty-eight pairs of orthotopic liver transplantation model were established with inbred rats which were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control group (BN --> BN), acute rejection group (Lewis --> BN) and emodin group (Lewis --> BN). Six recipients in each group were randomly collected and contents of TNF-alpha and IL-10 in the peripheral blood were detected with ELISA on Day 1, 3, 5 and 7 separately after transplantation and histopathological evaluation was made to detect the differences among groups after the livers were taken out on day 7. The other 10 in each group were protected to evaluate the animation and life time.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The average meso-life time in emodin group (25.6 days) is significantly longer (P < 0.05) than acute rejection group (10.9 days). Compared with the acute rejection group, Emodin group shows up less rejection in the histopathological evaluation (P < 0.01), less TNF-alpha (P < 0.05) and a significant up-regulation of IL-10 in the peripheral blood (P < 0.05 after day 3).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Emodin can inhibit the acute rejection of liver transplantation in rats model effectively and it may play the role with reduction of TNF-alpha and upregulation of IL-10.</p>
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Emodina , Farmacologia , Expressão Gênica , Rejeição de Enxerto , Tratamento Farmacológico , Interleucina-10 , Genética , Alergia e Imunologia , Transplante de Fígado , Alergia e Imunologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Endogâmicos Lew , Transplante Homólogo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Genética , Alergia e ImunologiaRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of emodin on the differentiation, maturation and function of human dendritic cells (DC) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cells isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were induced to dendritic cells (DC) with recombinant interleukin-4 and recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and different concentrations of emodin were added respectively in the cultured cells on the 5th and the 7th to obtain mature or immature DCs. The phenotype of DCs ( HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, CD83, CD14, CD11c) and the secretion of interleukin-12 (IL-12) were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the immune-stimulating function of DCs was evaluated by co-culture of DCs and self-T-lymphocytes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression rate of CD80 and CD83 in the emodin group were 13.4% +/- 6.6% and 9.3% +/- 2.2% respectively; which were significantly lower than those in the control group (39.3% +/- 8.6% and 30.7% +/- 5.6%), respectively (P<0.05). IL-12 secretion of DCs was lower (1700.44 +/- 1000.21 microg/L vs 4500.60 +/- 1200.6 microg/L) but IL-10 secretion was higher (350.6 +/- 150.2 microg/L vs 230.7 +/- 90.1 microg/L) in the emodin group than in the control group (P<0.05). Mixed lymphocyte culture (MLR) examination showed that emodin could significantly inhibit the stimulation of DCs on self-T-lymphocyte proliferation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Emodin could evidently suppress the maturation and immune stimulating function of DCs during their in vitro conversion process.</p>