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Objective To explore the severity of loneliness among the elderly in communities in Shanghai,and to identify factors associated with social and emotional loneliness respectively.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in older adults aged 65 years or above in Pudong New Area,Jing'an District and Huangpu District in Shanghai from Mar to Jun 2021.In Pudong New Area,multi-stage stratified random sampling was conducted based on the age and gender distribution of Shanghai,while in Huangpu District and Jing'an District convenience sampling was conducted.A total of 635 samples were included in the study.Loneliness was assessed using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale with social and emotional loneliness subscales.Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with social and emotional loneliness.Results Among the 635 participants,only 53 older adults(8.4%)were not lonely.Female(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.31-0.70),higher self-efficacy(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.94-1.00),more objective social support(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.93-0.99)were associated with less severe social loneliness.Meanwhile,higher level of education(secondary education,OR=0.56,95%CI:0.34-0.95;college or above,OR=0.30,95%CI:0.11-0.83)and higher self-efficacy(OR=0.96,95%CI:0.93-0.99)were associated with less severe emotional loneliness,while depression(OR=3.41,95%CI:1.76-6.60)and worse social capital(OR=2.02,95%CI:1.29-3.16)were associated with more severe emotional loneliness.Conclusion Up to 91.6%of the elderly in our study sample were moderately lonely or above.The factors associated with social loneliness include self-efficacy,gender and social support.The factors associated with emotional loneliness are self-efficacy,education level,depression,and social capital.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of cSN50.1 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation of HepG2 cells and its mechanism. MethodsHepG2 cells were divided into cSN50.1 0 μmol/L, cSN50.1 10 μmol/L, cSN50.1 30 μmol/L, cSN50.1 50 μmol/L, cSN50.1 70 μmol/L, and cSN50.1 90 μmol/L groups, and CCK-8 assay was used to investigate the effect of different concentrations of cSN50.1 on the proliferation of HepG2 cells and calculate half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50). HepG2 cells were divided into cSN50.1 0 μmol/L, cSN50.1 10 μmol/L, cSN50.1 30 μmol/L, and cSN50.1 50 μmol/L groups, and wound healing assay, Transwell assay, and colony-forming assay were used to investigate the effect of different concentrations of cSN50.1 on the migration, invasion, and colony formation of HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were divided into Control group, SP600125 group (an inhibitor of the AP-1 signaling pathway), and cSN50.1 group to investigate the influence of the AP-1 signaling pathway on the effect of cSN50.1 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to measure the expression of CXCL5, TNF-α, and c-Jun protein in cytoplasm and nucleus. HepG2 cells were divided into Control group, PDTC group (an inhibitor of the NF-κB signaling pathway), and cSN50.1 group to investigate the influence of the NF-κB signaling pathway on the effect of cSN50.1 on hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to measure the expression of CXCL5, TNF-α, and NF-κB protein in cytoplasm and nucleus. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups, and the SNK-q test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the 0 μmol/L group, the 10 μmol/L group had no significant changes in proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation abilities (P >0.05); the 30 μmol/L group had no significant change in proliferation ability (P>0.05), but with significant reductions in migration, invasion, and colony formation abilities (P<0.05); the 50 μmol/L group had significant reductions in proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation abilities (all P<0.01); the 70 μmol/L and 90 μmol/L groups had a significant reduction in cell proliferation ability (P<0.01), but with a cell survival rate of below 50%. Compared with the Control group, the SP600125, PDTC, and cSN50.1 groups had significant reductions in the mRNA and protein expression levels of CXCL5 and TNF-α (all P<0.05). Compared with the Control group, the SP600125 group, the PDTC group, and the cSN50.1 group had a significant reduction in nuclear protein of c-Jun and NF-κB expression (P<0.05); the SP600125 group and the PDTC group had a significant reduction in cytoplasmic protein of c-Jun and NF-κB expression (P<0.05); the cSN50.1 group had a significant increase in cytoplasmic protein of c-Jun and NF-κB expression (P<0.05). ConclusionThis study shows that cSN50.1 can inhibit the malignant behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and reduce the expression of CXCL5 and TNF-α by inhibiting the nuclear import of c-Jun and NF-κB in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Aim To explore the mechanism of the effect of anthraquinone modifier KA-4c on breast cancer cells, and determine its action target by drug affinity reaction target stability technique (DARTS). Methods The cell viability was detected by MTT method. The effect of KA-4c on the morphology of breast cancer cells was studied by HE staining, ER-Tracker Red and electron microscope. The apoptosis rate of breast cancer cells induced by KA-4c was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of apoptotic protein was detected by Western blotting. DARTS and CETSA were used to determine the target of KA-4c. Results KA-4c had the most significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB231 cells, and could cause endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial vacuolation to damage the cells. The apoptosis rate and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins CHOP and caspase-7 increased with the increase of KA-4c concentration. DARTS results showed that KA-4c could activate endoplasmic reticulum protein processing signaling pathway, in which KA-4c bound to ATF6 protein and was resistant to protease hydrolysis. The results of CETSA experiments showed that KA-4c could enhance the expression of ATF6 protein in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions KA-4 triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. ATF6 may be one of the targets of KA-4c.
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The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Xianglian Pills(XLP) on lipid metabolism in obese mice and explore the underlying mechanism based on network pharmacology and intestinal flora. Firstly, network pharmacology was used to predict the possible effect of XLP on obesity. Secondly, an obese mouse model induced by a high-fat diet was established to observe changes in mouse body weight, adiposity index, liver and adipose tissue pathology. Lipid profiles, liver and kidney function markers, insulin content, and the expression of recombinant uncoupling protein 1(UCP-1) and PR structural domain protein 16(PRDM16) were measured. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to analyze the changes in the intestinal flora. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that XLP mainly played a role in improving obesity by regulating lipolysis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance. The results of animal experiments showed that XLP significantly reduced body weight, adiposity, blood lipid levels, and serum insulin levels in obese mice, while enhancing the expression of UCP-1 and PRDM16 in adipose tissue without causing damage to the liver or kidneys. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that XLP decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F/B) ratio at the phylum level, increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Bacteroides at the family and genus levels, and reduced the abundance of Allobaculum. Therefore, XLP can effectively improve lipid metabolism disorders in high-fat diet-induced obese mice, and the mechanism is related to the improvement of brown adipose function, the browning of white fat, the accelerated lipid metabolism, and the improvement of intestinal flora. However, its effect on promoting the conversion of white adipose to brown adipose still needs to be further studied.
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Camundongos , Animais , Camundongos Obesos , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Farmacologia em Rede , RNA Ribossômico 16S , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Obesidade/genética , Peso Corporal , Lipídeos , Insulina , Fatores de Transcrição , Dislipidemias/genética , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Medicamentos de Ervas ChinesasRESUMO
@#Three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology can well characterize lung nodules, accurately locate lung nodules, accurately identify lung anatomical structures, shorten operation time, reduce intraoperative and postoperative complications, and make thoracoscopic precise lung resection safer and more efficient. However, the mastery of 3D reconstruction technology in some hospitals still needs to be improved. Due to the time and economic cost of 3D printing, the development of this technology is restricted. With the application and improvement of 3D visualization technology in more centers in the future, the development of precise lung resection will be more extensive. This article reviewed the progress on 3D visualization technology in thoracoscopic precise lung resection.
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The endangered medicinal plant Glehnia littoralis is one of the important natural source of furanocoumarin, which has been used as mucolytic, antitussive, antitumour and antibacterial. However, the genetic information of furanocoumarin biosynthesis in G. littoralis is scarce at present. The objective of this study was to mine the putative candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis pathway of furanocoumarin and provide references for gene identification, and functional genomics of G. littoralis. We carried out the transcriptome analysis of leaves and roots in G. littoralis, which provided a dataset for gene mining. Psoralen, imperatorin and isoimperatorin were detected in G. littoralis by high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Candidate key genes were mined based on the annotations and local BLAST with homologous sequences using BioEdit software. The relative expression of genes was analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Further, the CYP450 genes were mined using phylogenetic analyses using MEGA 6.0 software. A total of 156,949 unigenes were generated, of which 9021 were differentially-expressed between leaves and roots. A total of 82 unigenes encoding eight enzymes in furanocoumarin biosynthetic pathway were first obtained. Seven genes that encoded key enzymes in the downstream furanocoumarin biosynthetic pathway and expressed more in roots than leaves were screened. Twenty-six candidate CYP450 unigenes expressed abundantly in roots and were chiefly concentrated in CYP71, CYP85 and CYP72 clans. Finally, we filtered 102 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) unigenes. The transcriptome of G. littoralis was characterized which would help to elucidate the furanocoumarin biosynthetic pathway in G. littoralis and provide an invaluable resource for further study of furanocoumarin.
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ObjectiveDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a pathological process involving the kidney that develops from Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The onset is hidden and difficult to reverse. Baicalin is an important flavonoid compound in Scutellaria Baicalensis. It has the functions of clearing heat and detoxifying, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant. In recent years, the role of baicalin in lowering blood glucose and lipids and improving metabolic syndrome has received widespread attention. Therefore, we observed the protective effect of baicalin on the kidneys of DN rats and explored its possible regulatory mechanism.MethodsForty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group, a DN model group, and a baicalin-treated group, with 15 rats in each group. The normal group was routinely bred, and the DN model was established in the model group and the baicalin treatment group, and the corresponding preparations were given gavage treatment. After a fixed time point, rat body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (Scr) levels were measured, and the histopathological changes of the kidneys in each group were observed. TGF-β1 and α- SMA protein expression was measured by Western blot.ResultsCompared with the DN group, the FBG, BUN, Scr and 24h urine output of the baicalin treatment group were significantly decreased, and the body weight did not change significantly. Histopathological observation showed that compared with DN group, the pathological damage, glycogen deposition and fibrosis of the rats in the baicalin treatment group were significantly improved. Compared with the DN group, the results of Western blot showed that the expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA protein in the baicalin treatment group were significantly decreased (P<0.05).ConclusionBaicalin can delay the progression of DN and improve renal fibrosis, and its mechanism may be closely related to the inhibition of α-SMA expression by baicalin by low regulation of TGF-β1.
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BACKGROUND@#After radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer, the most common complication is lower urinary tract symptoms. Post-operatively, bladder capacity can alter bladder function for a prolonged period. This study aimed to identify factors affecting bladder storage function.@*METHODS@#A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Information of patients with stages IA2 to IIB cervical cancer with urodynamic study results were retrospectively collected from nine hospitals between June 2013 and June 2018 according to the inclusion criteria. Demographic, surgical, and oncological data were collected. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify clinical factors associated with bladder storage function.@*RESULTS@#Two hundred and three patients with cervical cancer had urodynamic testing post-operatively. Ninety-five (46.8%) patients were diagnosed with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). The incidence of low bladder compliance (LBC) was 23.2%. Twenty-seven (13.3%) patients showed detrusor overactivity (DO). Fifty-seven patients (28.1%) presented with a decreased maximum cystometric capacity (DMCC). The probability of composite bladder storage dysfunction was 68.0%. Multivariate analysis confirmed that laparoscopy represents a protective factor for SUI with an odds ratio of 0.498 (P = 0.034). Patients who underwent a nerve-sparing procedure were less odds to experience SUI (P = 0.014). A significant positive correlation between LBC and DO was observed (P < 0.001). A greater length of the resected vagina and chemoradiotherapy were common risk factors for LBC and DO, while radiotherapy exerted a stronger effect than chemotherapy. Additionally, patients who received chemoradiotherapy frequently developed a DMCC. The follow-up time was not correlated with bladder storage function.@*CONCLUSION@#A nerve-sparing procedure without longer resected vagina is recommended for protecting the bladder storage function.
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Objective:Analyze the composition of Tongzhifang,regularity of modified prescriptions based on outpatient medical records of national famous Chinese medicine practitioner Professor YU Ying-ao for the treatment of epilepsy as well as data mining, and summarize the clinical experience of Professor YU in diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy, in order to provide the reference basis for the traditional Chinese medicine treatment epilepsy. Method:Based on the data of outpatient medical records of Professor YU for epilepsy diagnosis and treatment,this study conducted standard patient follow-up,clinical data collection,pretreatment and mining analysis,and was confirmed through expert interviews. Liquorice 2.3 data mining platform and SPSS 17.0 were used for data management and statistical analysis. Result:A total of 1 219 medical records of 243 cases were completely collected. As a result, Professor YU Ying-ao's Tongzhifang for epilepsy was based on ancient prescription Baijinwan,in which Shenglongchi and Ostreae Concha enhance tranquilizing and hyperactivity-subduing effects,Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium,Armeniacae Semen Amarum,Arisaema Cum Bile and Bambusae Caulis in Taenias eliminate phlegm and free channels, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Persicae Semen promote blood circulation to remove blood stasis, and the 10 herbs were meticulously composed and well compatible. According to the small sample data,the total effective rate of patients with tetany type epilepsy taking this prescription for 3 months and 6 months was 80% (P<0.01), with no adverse reactions. As for the dosage of Tongzhifang,the dosage for adult pills is generally 3-6 times that of decoction prescriptions,and the dosage for children's pills is generally 5-10 times that of decoction prescriptions. Under the guidance of the combination of disease differentiation and syndrome differentiation,epilepsy at the acute phase was treated with additionally Hupomo 1.5-3 g,the ratio of Curcumae Radix to Alumen is usually 4∶1, severe convulsion was treated with additionally Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis, Bombyx Batryticatus and Pheretima, epilepsy due to trauma was treated with additionally Typhae Pollen, Eupolyphaga Steleophaga, Carthami Flos and Radix Paeoniae Rubra; constipation was treated with additionally Cannabis Fructus; fatigue was treated with additionally Astragali Radix; dyspepsia was treated with additionally Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum; and irritability treated with additionally Gentiana scabra Bunge. Conclusion:The composition of Professor YU's Tongzhifang for treating epilepsy with Qianzhen Zhixian Huatan Tongluo method is relatively stable. Modified prescriptions are based on syndrome differentiation. Clinical experience and dosage range of decoction prescription and pill prescription for adults and children are available.
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The objective of this paper was to establish a level A in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) for goserelin acetate extended release microspheres for injection. Three kinds of goserelin acetate microspheres with different release rates were prepared and the critical physicochemical properties, such as drug loading, particle size, glass transition temperature and morphology were characterized. In vitro dissolution test of the prepared goserelin acetate microspheres was performed using sample-and-separate method at 45 ℃ in 5% (v/v) methanol. The morphology of the microspheres and the molecular weight of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) of the prepared goserelin acetate microspheres were investigated to research the release mechanism of microspheres. The plasma concentration of goserelin was detected after intramuscular injection of goserelin acetate microspheres to SD rats, and correlated with the in vitro release profiles after processing by percent AUC method. The pharmacokinetic experimental protocol of goserelin acetate microspheres for injection in SD rats was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shandong Luye Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. The results indicated that the developed sample and separate method was able to detect differences in the release characteristics of the prepared goserelin acetate microspheres, and the in vitro-in vivo correlation of goserelin acetate microspheres was excellent (r > 0.98) and had good predictive ability in SD rats.
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Objective: To observe the changes of behavior and mitochondria in Alzheimer's disease(AD) rats, and to explore the mechanism of Sijunzi Tang in the treatment of AD rats' behavior and the changes of mitochondrial energy metabolism in hippocampal neurons. Method: The 60 male SPF grade rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, low, medium and high dose group of Sijunzi Tang(3.24, 6.48,12.56 g·kg-1), and dihydroergot group (0.27 mg·kg-1), 10 rats in each group. The normal group received no intervention and had a normal diet. The rest of the rats were injected with D-galactose to the abdomen at a dose of 200 mg·kg-1 once a day for 6 weeks. Morris water maze experiment was used to detect the cognitive function of rats. Tm-Vision behavioral experiment system was used to observe the behavioral changes of rats, and the hippocampal neuronal line structure was observed by transmission electron microscope. Mitochondrial complex colorimetry was adopted to detect rats CⅠ, CⅡ, CⅢ, CⅣ activity.Western blot was used to detect the expression of mitochondrial adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK) protein in the hippocampus. Result: Compared with normal group, model group rats latent escape period time increasing, through fewer, movement distance, movement time increasing, center residence time increased (PPPPPPPPPPPPConclusion: The abnormal behavior of AD rats may be related to the decrease of central hippocampal energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. Sijunzi Tang has therapeutic effect.
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Objective: To analyse the impact of dezocine-remifentanil intravenous anaesthesia on perioperative signs, serum tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha], and interleukin-6 [IL-6] in liver cancer patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation [RFA]
Study Design: An experimental study
Place And Duration Of Study: Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, from January 2017 to February 2018
Methodology: Eighty patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma [SHCC] were selected as the research object. They were divided into Group A and Group B with the random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. Group A were given dezocine-remifentanil intravenous anaesthesia and Group B were given midazolam-remifentanil intravenous anaesthesia. Patients' situations in the surgery were compared between the two groups. Changes in heart rate [HR], mean arterial pressure [MAP] and blood oxygen saturation [SpO2] were recorded before the surgery [T0], at 5 minutes after the RFA [T1] and at the end of the RFA [T2]. Levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha; [TNF-alpha;] and interleukin-6 [IL-6] on the 12 day after the RFA were compared between the two groups
Results: The wake-up time in Group A was shorter than Group B [p<0.001], and the VAS pain score in Group A was lower than Group B [p<0.001]. At T1, the MAP in Group A was higher than Group B [p<0.001]. There was no significant difference in MAP between the two groups at T0 and T2 [p=0.881, 0.696, respectively]. At T1 and T2, the HR in Group A was lower than Group B [all p<0.001]. There was no significant difference in HR between the two groups at T0 [p=0.684]. There was no significant difference in SpO2 between the two groups at T0, T1 and T2 [p=0.654, 0.884 and 0.798, respectively]. On the 1st day after the RFA, the level of TNF-alpha;, IL-6 in Group A were lower than those of Group B [all p<0.001]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of intraoperative complications between the two groups [p=0.644]
Conclusion: Compared with midazolam-remifentanil intravenous anaesthesia, the dezocine-remifentanil method has a better analgesic effect, shorter wake-up time, and can effectively regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha; and IL-6. However, the effect of remifentanil on the respiratory function is dose-dependent. Therefore, respiratory cycle monitoring and management should be strengthened during the surgery
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Objective To explore the correlation between blood pressure variability (BPV) and arterial elasticity in elderly patients with stroke.Methods One hundred and eighty-three stroke patients (121 with cerebral ischemic stroke and 62 with hemorrhagic stroke),admitted to our hospital from May 2014 to December 2016,and 61 non-stroke individuals were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criterion.Carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (CrPWV) was calculated and carotid artery ultrasound was used to measure intima-media thickness (IMT);24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed to calculate the BPV parameters.The arterial stiffness index β was calculated.Results As compared with those in the non-stroke subjects,morning blood pressure surge (MBPS),standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SBP),variable coefficient of SBP,systolic blood pressure fall (SBPF),CrPWV,IMT and stiffness index β in stroke patients were significant increased (P<0.05).Correlation analysis indicated that MBPS,standard deviation of SBP,weighted standard deviation of SBP,variance of SBP,variable coefficient of SBP,SBPF,and diastolic blood pressure fall were signficantly correlated with CrPWV and stiffness index β (P<0.05);IMT was closely related to MBPS,standard deviation of SBP,variable coefficient of SBP,and SBPF (P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that MBPS,standard deviation of SBP and SBPF were the independent influencing factors of IMT,CrPWV and stiffness index β5.Conclusion BPV showed significant relationship with vascular elasticity in stroke patients,and reduction of BPV helps to delay the process of atherosclerosis.
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Objective To investigate the changing antibiotic resistance profile of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis strains collected from children in Sichuan province from 2013 to 2016,provide some reference for rational utilization of clinical antimicrobial agents.Methods Collected the infection data of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis strains isolated from children which reported in Sichuan Province Drug Resistance Monitoring Report from 2013 to 2016.The experimental results were analyzed by WHONET5.6 software.Results The prevalence of H.influenzae increased with time from 8.95% in 2013 to 16.6% in 2016.The prevalence of M.catarrrhalis increased with time from 4.16% in 2013 to 6.34% in 2016.Among the 15 896 clinical strains of H.influenzae,the highest resistance rate was to ampicillin,which was 71.6% in 2016.The resistance rate to cefaclor also increased from 26.1% in 2013 to 59.5% in 2016 for increase of 33.4%.The insensitivity rate to azithromycin increased from 8.3% in 2013 to 25% in 2016.However,the insensitivity rate to ceftriaxone and moxifloxacin decreased in recent years and the susceptibility rate to ceftriaxone,cefotaxime,levofloxacin and moxifloxacin were higher than 90% in each year.The resistance rate of H.influenzae strains from children were higher than the stains from all patients.The insensitivity rate to azithromycin in strains from children and all patients increased from 8.3%,10.2% in 2013 to 25%,22.1 % in 2016,respectively.The 5 625 clinical strains of M.catarrrhalis re mained highly susceptible to the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid,ceftriaxone,cefotaxime,levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin (greater than 90%).The resistance rate to cotrimoxazole increased from 15.1 % in 2013 to 59.1 % in 2016.Conclusion H.influenzae are still susceptible to the third generation cephalosporins (greater than 90 %),which can be used as the first choice in clinical practice.Nearly 70 % of these strains were resistant to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole,which is inappropriate for clinical therapy.The resistance rate to cotrimoxazole in the M.catarrrhalis strains from children increased from 15.1% in 2013 to 59.1 % in 2016,and the resistance rate to the other test drug in M.catarrrhalis did not change much in the-year period.
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Regional anatomy and neuroanatomy are two key courses provided by the department of human anatomy in basic medicine since the founding of Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) about 100 years ago.The history of PUMC includes three major periods:the Old PUMC (1917-1949), the New PUMC (1950-1965), and the Cur-rent PUMC (1979-now).The teaching of neuroanatomy has changed significantly during the time .The neuroanato-my course in Old PUMC had rich contents , long curriculum and a strong foundation of basic knowledge , while the same course in New PUMC was highly condensed , and was further reformed to the integration of basic and clinical medicine in the Current PUMC .Nowadays neuroanatomy has become a popular course among the medical students in PUMC, featured by a unique combination of classical and rejuvenated contents , traditional and innovative ideas , and fully integration with clinic .
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of interferon-γ release assay of blood and pleural effusion for tuberculous pleurisy.Methods Fifty-six adult patients with suspected tuberculous pleurisy were enrolled in our study.The blood and pleural effusion interferon-γ release assay were measured by T-SPOT.TB test in 38 pleural tuberculosis patients and 18 nontuberculous pleurisy controls.The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,predictive value of T-SPOT.TB in pleural effusion mononuclear cells (PE-MC) and peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analyzed.Results The sensitivities and specificities,positive predictive values and negative predictive values,respectively,of the PE-MC and PBMC for diagnosing were as follows:86.5%(95% confidence interval[CI] 71.2%-95.5%) and 100%(95%CI 90.5%-100%);52.9%(95%CI 27.8%-77.0%) and 35.3%(95%CI 14.2%-61.7%);80.0%(95%CI 64.4%-90.9%) and 77.1%(95%CI 62.7%-88.0%);64.3%(95%CI 35.1%-87.2%) and 100%(95%CI 54.1%-100%).By ROC curve analysis,a cut-off value of 47SFC/2.5 × 105 cells in PE-MC showed a sensitivity of 89.2% and a specificity of 88.2%.Conclusion T-SPOT.TB in PE-MC could be an accurate diagnostic method for tuberculous pleurisy in TB endemic settings.Moreover,47SFC/2.5 × 105 cells might be the optimal cut-off value for diagnosing tuberculous pleurisy.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of low level laser irradiation (LLLI) on the osteogenic capacity of three-dimensional (3D) structure by 3D bio-printing construct used human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) as seed cells.@*METHODS@#Using hASCs as seed cells, we prepared sodium alginate/gelatin/hASCs 3D bio-printing construct, and divided them into four groups: PM (proliferative medium), PM+LLLI, OM (osteogenic medium) and OM+LLLI, and the total doses of LLLI was 4 J/cm². Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to observe the viability of the cells, and analyze the expression of the osteogenesis-related protein Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN).@*RESULTS@#The 3D constructs obtained by printing were examined by microscope. The sizes of these 3D constructs were 10 mm×10 mm×1.5 mm. The wall thickness of the printed gelatin mold was approximately 1 mm, and the pores were round and had a diameter of about 700 μm. The cell viability of sodium alginate/gelatin/hASCs 3D bio-printing construct was high, and the difference among the four groups was not significant. On day 7, the expression of OCN from high to low was group OM+LLLI, PM+LLLI, OM and PM. There were significant differences among these groups (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between group PM+LLLI and OM. On day 14, the expression of OCN in each group was higher than that on day 7, and there was no significant difference between group OM+LLLI and OM. The expression of Runx2 in group OM+LLLI was more than 90%, significantly higher than that in group OM (P<0.01). But the expression of Runx2 in group PM+LLLI and OM+LLLI were significantly lower than that in the non-irradiated groups. The expression of osteogenesis-related protein Runx2 and OCN were higher in OM groups than in PM groups. Furthermore, the irradiated groups were significantly higher than the non-irradiated groups.@*CONCLUSION@#LLLI does not affect the cell viability of sodium alginate/gelatin/hASCs 3D bio-printing construct, and may promote the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs.
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Humanos , Adipócitos/efeitos da radiação , Alginatos , Diferenciação Celular , Proliferação de Células , Gelatina , Lasers , Osteogênese , Impressão Tridimensional , Células-Tronco/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
The systematic treatment based on gemcitabine plus cisplatin is recommended as the current standard chemotherapy for unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancers.However,the exact benefits from the recognized regime are still dismal.We thus elicit this study in an attempt to analyze whether targeted therapy coupled with various chemotherapy could produce improvement of survival benefits.The clinical trials were searched electronically from databases till July 2016 published in English and Chinese.Nine hundred and sixty-four patients from 7 trials were identified in our analysis.The overall analysis achieved a significantly higher overall response rate (ORR) among the patients treated with targeted drugs plus chemotherapy than chemotherapy alone (OR=1.87;95% CI:1.37-2.57;P=0.000),but failed in the overall progression-free survival (PFS) [mean difference (MD)=0.63;95% CI:-0.45-1.72;P=0.26] and overall survival (OS) (MD=-0.67;95% CI:-2.54-1.20;P=0.49).In the sub analysis,better ORR was obtained with the addition of EGFR (OR=1.75;95% CI:1.20-2.56;P=0.004) and VEGFR (OR=2.5;95% CI:1.28-4.87;P=0.007) targeted therapy.Furthermore,the sub analysis of EGFR target showed an significant improvement on PFS (MD=l.36;95% CI:0.29-2.43;P=0.01).No significant differences were observed in the incidences ofneutropenia (OR=1.37;95% CI:0.89-2.12),thrombocytopenia (OR=l.40;95% CI:0.83-2.39),anemia (OR=l.21;95% CI:0.62-2.38),peripheral neuropathy (OR=1.52;95% CI:0.81-2.88),increased AST/ALT (OR=l.40;95% CI:0.82-2.39) as well as fatigue (OR=1.65;95% CI:0.96-2.84) in either of the treatment groups.In conclusion,better ORR associated with chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy (both targeting EGFR and VEGF) is found in the present mcta-analysis without the cost of increased unacceptable toxicities,but regretfully not for the OS.The sub-analysis of targeting EGFR instead of VEGF obtains a superior PFS.Otherwise,there is no statistically significant difference in the overall PFS between the combination regime and chemotherapy alone.Given the paucity of favorable data,we need further studies to characterize optimal targeted agents to confirm the potential value to biliary tract cancer.
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Objective To explore the relationship between blood pressure variability and different types of stroke.Methods One hundred and twenty-five ischemic stroke subjects,78 hemorrhagic stroke patients and 66 non-stroke individuals,collected in our hospital from January 1,2013 to December 31,2015,were enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.All indicators of blood pressure variability were calculated from 24 h ambulatory blood pressure,including nighttime blood pressure fall (BPF),moming surge in blood pressure (MBPS),standard deviation (SD),weighted SD (wSD),and coefficient of variation (CV).Results As compared with non-stroke subjects,ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke individuals had significantly increased systolic MBPS (P<0.05),and the systolic MBPS of ischemic stroke group was significantly lower than those of hemorrhagic stroke group (P<0.05).CV,wSD and BPF of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the ischemic and hemorrhagic groups were significantly higher than those in the non-stroke subjects (P<0.05);CV and SBPF of diastolic blood pressure in hemorrhagic group were significantly different as compared those in the non-stroke subjects (P<0.05).The factors which were significantly associated with ischemic stroke in Logistic regression,included high-density lipoprotein,nighttime SBP,wSD of SBP,CV of SBP,while smoking,nighttime SBP,wSD of SBP,MBPS,and CV of SBP were observed as important influence factors for hemorrhagic stoke patients.Conclusion Whether ischemic stroke,or hemorrhagic stroke are associated with short-term blood pressure variability.
RESUMO
Objective To explore the effects of chitosan flocculation clarification process and alcohol precipitation process on the principal chemical constituents of water extract of Codonopsis Radix. Methods The influence of two purification processes on water extract of Codonopsis Radix was investigated through lobetyolin contents, extract yield, and relative apparent content of each component in HPLC fingerprint as evaluation indexes. Results Chitosan flocculation clarification process showed a significantly higher extract yield of water extract compared with alcohol precipitation process, and it has a markedly better retention effect for strong polarity constituents; alcohol precipitation process exhibit a little better retention effect for lobetyolin and a better retention effect for weak polarity constituents. Conclusion The above two processes have some regularity in the influence on the main chemical constituents in the water extract of Codonopsis Radix, which can provide some guidance for the reasonable choice of the purification process for water extracts of Codonopsis Radix, and other TCM water extracts.