Ultrasonographic findings in cases of menorrhagia associated with use of intra uterine contraceptive device

To investigate the role of ultrasonography as a simple, available and minimally invasive diagnostic tool in assessment of uterine bleeding associated with intrauterine contraceptive device. Intrauterine contraceptive device-induced uterine bleeding is one of the main problems met in many women using this method, Technologic improvement and increased experience in interpreting the ultrasonographic images, have made evaluation of uterine bleeding considerably accurate. Fifty eight women using intrauterine contraceptive device [1UCD] for more than one year were enrolled. Full history and clinical examination were done for all participants then transvaginal ultrasonography was done within 48 hours of the end of the menstruation. The endometrial thickness in addition to the following distances were all measured and analyzed; IUD-F = Distance between IUD top and uterine fundus, IUD-ED = Distance between IUD top and endometrial surface IUD-IO = Distance between IUD lower end and internal os. There was no significant difference between the two groups concerning endometrial thickness. The only significant difference between the study group and the control group as regards the position of the IUD inside the uterine cavity was the IUD-F: Distance between IUD top and uterine fundus. Transvaginal ultrasonography can be considered a reliable method for investigating abnormal uterine bleeding associated with intrauterine contraceptive device

Diagnosis of endometriosis: a second look at the role of biochemical markers

To evaluate the accuracy of 3 markers CA-125, CA 19-9 and CRP in the diagnosis of endometriosis especially in virgins or unmarried women with dysmenorrheal and/or oleic pain. 50 no pregnant female patients in the reproductive age undergoing laparoscopy for infertility and/or chronic pelvic were included. Serum CA-125, CA 19-9 and VRP, were assayed twice; during the 1st 3 days of the menstrual cycle, and 7-10 days later. According to laparoscopic results, the study population was divided into: cases with early endometriosis group [I, 17 cases]; cases with advanced endometriosis included [group II, 19 cases]; cases with non-endometriotic pelvic inflammations/adhesions, [group III, 13 cases]; and cases with normal laparoscopic findings [group IV, II cases]. Serum levels of all markers were higher in endometriosis group compared to non-endometriotic inflammatory lesions and to controls. CA-125 was the most accurate when measured using during menstruation, CA 19-9 was the least accurate, while CRP menstrual/ preovulatory samples ratio was 100% accurate. Measurement of CRP during menstruation and it the revelatory period could provide an accurate marker for the diagnosis of endometriosis especially in airing or unmarried women with early disease