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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Ganoderma spores on mitochondria-related molecular substances in hippocampus of young rats birthed by rats with gestational hypertension. METHODS: Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor Nw-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME) was intraperitoneally injected into pregnant rats to induce gestational hypertension, and Ganoderma spores were administered orally. The effects of Ganoderma spores on levels of mitochondria-related molecular substances in hippocampus of young rats birthed by the rats with gestational hypertension were evaluated with immunoradiometric assay of cAMP, RT-PCR analysis of related genes, and detection of enzyme activity. RESULTS: In hippocampus of the new-born rats birthed by rats with gestational hypertension, the cAMP level, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) level and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity were decreased, and the expression level of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (pgc1 alpha) was unchanged compared to the normal control group. The cAMP level, mtDNA level, ATPase activity and pgc1 alpha expression level in hippocampus of 30-day post-natal rats were lower than those of the rats in normal control group. After oral administration of Ganoderma spores, the cAMP and mtDNA levels in hippocampus of the new-born rats and 30-day post-natal rats recovered almost to the levels of normal control rats, and the ATPase activity and pgc1 alpha expression level were also increased significantly. CONCLUSION: Ganoderma spores may regulate the levels of mitochondria-related molecular substances in hippocampus of young rats birthed by rats with gestational hypertension.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To detect some proteins associated with the effect of ganoderma lucidium spores (GASP) on promoting the survival and axon regeneration of injured spinal motor neurons in rats. METHODS: The rats were divided into normal control group, untreated group and GASP-treated group, and the rats in the last two groups received ventral root avulsion. GASP preparation was fed to the rats in the GASP-treated group for 14 days. The gray matter tissues of the lumbar spinal were sampled from rats in each group after 14 days following ventral root avulsion, and the extracted proteins from these tissues were detected by using 2-dimensional electrophoresis. Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS) was utilized to identify the differentially expressed proteins among these three groups. RESULTS: There were six kinds of proteins differentially expressed among the three groups, which were collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP-2), F-actin capping protein beta subunit (FCP-beta), isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit beta (IDH-beta), ATPase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase-1 (GOT1) and M2 pyruvate kinase (M2-PK). The expression levels of CRMP-2, IDH-beta, ATPase and GOT1 were higher in the GASP-treated group than those in the untreated group, while the expression levels of FCP-beta and M2-PK were lower than those in the untreated group. CONCLUSION: GASP maybe promotes the survival and axon regeneration of injured spinal motor neurons in rats by virtue of up- or down-regulating the expression levels of the proteins mentioned above.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate the intervening effects of Ganoderma spore on the decrease of cell proliferation and neuronal survival in the hippocampus of fetal and postnatal rats induced with gestational hypertension. Methods Fourty SD pregnant rats were divided into four groups including the control group,Nw-nitro-L-arginine methylester(L-NAME)+distilled water(DW) group,L-NAME+L-Arginine group and L-NAME+Ganoderma spore(GS) group.The hippocampal tissue of the brain was detected by immunohistochemistry,Western blotting,RT-PCR,flow cytometry and electron microscopy. Results After the application of L-NAME,the expressions of hypoxia inducing factor-1?(HIF-1?) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were increased at the hippocampus of E21 brain and continued up to P30 brain.The microvessel density of E21 hippocampus was increased and the structural abnormalities of blood capillary at P30 hippocampus were showed.The cell proliferation was decreased at E21 hippocampus and so was the neuronal number at P30 hippocampus.With the administration of Ganoderma spore,HIF-1? and VEGF were down-regulated at E21 hippocampus and were not detected at P30 hippocampus.The microvessel density of E21 hippocampus reached a normal level and the blood capillary ultrastructure of P30 hippocampus was restored.The cell proliferation of E21 hippocampus and neuronal number of P30 hippocampus were recuperatively increased.Conclusion Ganoderma spore may prevent the decrease of cell proliferation and neuronal survival in the hippocampus of fetal and postnatal rats induced with gestational hypertension.