Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter from poultry in the Jiaodong area / 中国人兽共患病学报

This study was aimed to understand the current status of the antimicrobial resistance and molecular distribution of Campylobacter in various poultry in Jiaodong area,to provide a basis for effective prevention and control of the Campy-lobacter risk to poultry products and human health.Campylobacter was isolated and identified from 565 cloacal samples collect-ed in the Jiaodong area from August to October 2021 through conventional bacterial isolation and culture,mass spectrometry,microbroth dilution and multilocus sequence typing(MLST).The drug resistance and molecular typing of 131 representative strains(67 Campylobacter jejuni and 64 Campylobacter coli)were studied separately.Antimicrobial resistance analysis indica-ted that 131 isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin,nalixic acid and tetracycline,with resistance rates of 96.21％,96.21％and 95.45％,respectively.Except for 2 strains,62 strains of C.coli were completely resistant to these three drugs(100％).A total of 65 strains of 131 strains were multidrug re-sistant,and the overall multidrug resistance rate was 49.62％,among which 11 strains(16.42％)of C.jejuni were resistance to 3-5 antibiotics,and 54 strains(84.38％)of C.coli were re-sistance to 3-6 antibiotics.Among the isolates from different poultry sources,waterfowl isolates were the most resistant,fol-lowed by broiler isolates.The MLST typing results revealed 72 alleles and 35 sequence types obtained from 67 strains of C.je-juni,and the distribution was relatively dispersed,without a dominant ST type and homologous complex.A total of 27 alleles and 19 sequence types were obtained from 64 strains of C.coli.Moreover,59.38％(38/64)strains were homologous complex CC-828,in which the ST-1586 sequence type was most frequent,followed by ST-825.ST-1586,ST-9944 and ST-3735 were the main sources of C.coli in broilers,and ST-825 and ST-1586 were the main sources of C.coli in waterfowl.Differences in C.jejuni and C.coli carriage were observed among poultry in the Jiaodong area.Carriage of the two bacteria was more common in laying hens than in broilers and waterfowl.C.jejuni from poultry in the Jiaodong area was highly resistant to ciprofloxacin,nalixic acid and tetracycline,but had good sensitivity to other drugs.C.coli was highly resistant to a variety of antibiotics,and multiple drug resistance was common.St-type dispersal of C.jejuni showed high genetic diversity.C.coli was cloned and transmitted mainly by ST-1586 in broiler chickens and waterfowl.Poultry carry C.jejuni,which can cause serious diseases in humans.Therefore,dynamic monitoring of Campylobacter from poultry should be strengthened.

Short-segment pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty for the treatment of Kümmell disease with kyphosis / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical effects of posterior short-segment pedicle screw internal fixation combined with vertebroplasty for the treatment of Kümmell disease with kyphosis.@*METHODS@#Twenty-four patients with Kümmell disease complicated with kyphosis treated by posterior short-segment pedicle screw internal fixation combined with vertebroplasty from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including 6 males and 18 females, aged 63 to 85 (73.1±6.5) years old. The clinical effect was evaluate by visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the anterior height of injured vertebral body, and the sagittal Cobb angle of the affected segment beforeoperation, at 3 days and final follow up after operation. And the surgical complications were observed.@*RESULTS@#All 24 patients were followed up from 12 to 24 months with an average of (15.5±3.2) months. The VAS score was decreased from 5.21±1.06 preoperatively to 2.38±0.58 at 3 days postoperatively and 1.71±0.75 at final follow-up;ODI was decreased from (50.4±13.5)% preoperatively to (20.9±8.0)% at 3 days postoperatively and (16.7±9.6)% at final follow-up;the anterior height of injured vertebral body was restored from (8.0±4.2) mm before surgery to (18.1±5.0) mm at 3 days after surgery and (16.8±5.1) mm at final follow up;the sagittal Cobb angle of affected segment was decreased from (19.5±6.3)° preoperatively to (7.6±2.1)° at 3 days after surgery and(8.4±1.7)° at final follow-up. VAS, ODI, anterior height of injured vertebral body, and sagittal Cobb angle of affected segment were significantly improved at 3 days after operation and at final follow-up (@*CONCLUSION@#Posterior short-segment pedicle screw internal fixation combined with vertebroplasty for the treatment of Kümmell disease with kyphosis has relatively small surgical trauma, excellent clinical results, good vertebral height recovery, satisfactory correction of kyphotic angle, and fewer complications, etc. It is a safe and effective surgical method to treat Kümmell disease with kyphosis.

Diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing pneumonia in 32 children with flexible bronchoscopy / 中国实用儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic value of flexible bronchoscopy in children with necro⁃tizing pneumonia. METHODS: Clinical data of children diagnosed with necrotizing pneumonia in the Department of Pedi⁃atrics of the First Hospital of Jilin University from December 2016 to December 2017 were collected. The general clini⁃cal manifestations,laboratory examination results,chest X-ray or lung CT,flexible bronchoscope and other examinations of all the children were analyzed retrospectively. Based on the characteristics,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis,the ad⁃vantages of flexible bronchoscopy in this disease were analyzed. RESULTS: All the 32 cases were diagnosed as necrotizing pneumonia by imaging examination,with an average diagnosis time of 14.1 d. All 32 cases of children with necrotizing pneumonia received flexible bronchoscopy and alveolar lavage. The alveolar lavage in 32 cases presented turbidity mito⁃ta-like changes,which had high sensitivity in the diagnosis of necrotizing pneumonia. The average time for mitota-like changes in alveolar lavage was 6.7 days. CONCLUSION: Flexible bronchoscopy is an important method in the diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing pneumonia,and the change of alveolar lavage fluid is a sensitive index for early prediction of necrotizing pneumonia.

Resveratrol inhibits the expression of typeⅠ and type Ⅲ collagen induced by AngⅡ in cardiac fibroblasts through regulating the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on hypertension-related myocardial fibrosis and the key role of TNF-β/Smads signaling pathway in the anti-fibrosis of resveratrol.Methods The expression of vimentin in the primary rat CFs was evaluated by immunofluorescence to determine the cell type.CFs were treated in different conditions,the mRNA expression levels of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen and TGF-β1 were detected by Real-time PCR;the protein expression levels of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen,TGF-β1 ,Smad-3 and P-Smad-3 were detected by Western blot.The secretion levels of type Ⅰ collagen and TGF-β1 in CFs supernatant were measured by ELISA assay.Results Rat CFs were successfully extracted,and vimentin expression was obvious. Real-time PCR results indicated that the gene expression levels of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ and TGF-β1 in CFs by exposure to AngⅡ were significantly increased as compared with those in normal group (P＜0.05).However,AngⅡ-induced collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ and TGF-β1 mRNA upregulation was inhibited by Res treatment (P＜0.05).Western blot analysis showed that the protein expressions of collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ and TGF-β1 in CFs were also increased after exposed to AngⅡ when compared to the normal controls (P＜0.05).Similarly,AngⅡ-mediated collagen Ⅰ and Ⅲand TGF-β1 upregulation was prevented by Res treatment (P＜0.05).In addition,the phosphorylation level of Smad-3 was enhanced by both interventions (P＜0.05).However,AngⅡ stimulated TGF-β1 upregulation while Smad-3 phosphorylation was suppressed by Res treatment (P＜0.05).The secretion levels of collagen Ⅰ and TGF-β1 in CFs supernatant increased significantly in CFs exposed to AngⅡ condition as compared with those in normal condition (P＜0.05).However,AngⅡ increased collagen Ⅰ and TGF-β1 secretion was prevented by Res intervention (P＜0.05).Conclusion Resveratrol inhibits the expressions of type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen induced by AngⅡ in cardiac fibroblasts through regulating the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.

A Clinical Study of Combined Therapy of Colchicine and Benzbromarone Capsules in the Treatment of Gouty Arthritis at Non-Acute Episode Stage / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To explore and analyze the clinical values of combined therapy of colchicine and benzbromalone capsules in the treatment of gouty arthritis of non-acute episode. Methods From December 2015 to February 2017, 60 patients with gouty arthritis who were not in acute attack were randomly divided into the combined group and the control group, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was given benzbromarone capsules and the combined group was given colchicine combined with benzbromarone capsules. The changes of laboratory indexes [blood uric acid, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),C reactive protein (CRP),alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ], and clinical symptoms (pain, lesion joint limitation, fever, redness and tenderness) were measured and compared in the two groups before and after the treatment. The daily living ability scale (SF-36) was used to evaluate the quality of daily life before and after the treatment, and the incidence rate of drug adverse reactions during the treatment was also counted. Results No significant differences were found in the laboratory related indexes, clinical symptoms and quality of life before the treatment between the two groups (P＞0.05) . After the treatment, the levels of ALT and GFR were not significantly fluctuated in the two groups, but the levels of blood uric acid, ESR, CRP, pain symptoms and quality of life were improved, and the increasing degree in the combined group was more significant than that of the control group. and the number of episodes of acute gouty arthritis in the combined group was also lower than that in the control group, and the difference between the above indexes was statistically significant (P＜0.05) . The total incidence rate of adverse reactions was 30% in the combined group, which was not significantly different from that in the control group with 26.67% (χ2=0.180,P=0.857) . Conclusions The use of colchicine combined with benzbromalone capsules is as the safe as the single use of benzbromalone capsules and the effect of the former one is better than that of the latter one in the treatment of gouty arthritis at non-acute episode stage.

Materiamedica literature study on medicinal properties and utility of four kinds of Alpinia Chinese medicines / 中国中药杂志

In order to explore the correlation between the medicinal properties，efficacy and application in the same genetic relationship，explain the scientific connotation of the medicinal properties and effects of traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)，promote the academic development of the theory of traditional Chinese medicines，and provide reference for the research and development of the traditional Chinese medicines of a same genus. In this paper, a literature study of ancient and modern works of Chinese herbal medicine was conducted to investigate the correlation between the properties, meridians tropism, efficacy and application of Alpinia officinarum， A. katsumadai， Galangae Fructus and Alpinae Oxyphyllae Fructus, four kinds of Alpinia Chinese medicines．The results showed that the similar properties of these four kinds of Alpinia Chinese medicines included that they were acrid, warm,and mainly getting into the spleen and stomach channels; the similar efficacies included that dispelling cold，relieving pain，warming stomach，anti-nausea，anti-diarrheal，reinforcing spleen to promote digestion and other effects; in application aspects, the similarities were that they were all mainly used in treatment of catching cold or spleen deficiency induced by abdominal pain，vomiting，diarrhea,diet indigestion, etc. indicating that phylogenetic relationship was closely related with the herbal properties, efficacy and application. It is an effective way to explore，collate and research traditional Chinese medicine by using plant phylogenetic relationships in exploring the internal relations and laws of TCM theories，material bases, pharmacological effects and clinical applications, also with a strong maneuverability to explain their scientific connotation.

Protective renal tubular effects ethyl acetate extract from Citrullus lanatus vine in rats with diabetic nephropathy / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective renal tubular effects ethyl acetate extract from Citrullus lanatus vine in rats with diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS: Healthy rates were used to establish DN models by peritoneal injection administration streptozotocin. The levels fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting blood insulin (FBI), serum creatinine (Scr), urine creatinine (Ucr) and urinary albumin (UAlb) were detected. Pathology live was observed. RESULTS: After treatment, ethyl acetate high dose group and medial dose group Citrullus lanatus vine all significantly decreased the levels GLU, FBI, UAlb, KWI and TBI. Meanwhile, Ccr was also improved. CONCLUSION: The ethyl acetate extract from Citrullus lanatus vine can protect renal tubular in rats with DN.

Locking plate external fixator for the treatment of middle and distal tibial fractures / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effectiveness of locking plate external fixator in treating middle and distal tibial fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2010 to January 2013,18 patients suffered from middle and distal tibial fractures were treated by locking plate external fixator,including 11 males and 7 females, with an average age of 53.5 (ranged from 13 to 80) years old,the course of disease ranged from 2 h to 3 d. According to AO classification, 4 cases were type A,11 cases were type B and 3 were type C. Among them,6 patients were open fracture, including 2 cases with type I, 3 cases with type II and 1 case with type III, according to Gustilo classification), 12 patients were close fracture. Operation time, postoperative complications were observed, and Johner-Wruhs scoring were used to evaluate clinical outcomes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up from 6 to 15 (meaned 11) months. Two cases occurred skin necrosis (1 case occurred bone exposure), 2 cases occurred delayed union (all were open fracture), and 1 case occurred nail infection. No screw loosening or broken occurred. According to Johner-Wruhs scoring, 10 cases obtained excellent result,6 cases good,and 2 cases fine.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Locking plate external fixator for the treatment of middle and distal tibial fractures, which has advantages of lessen damage, shorter operative time, less complications and rapid functional recovery, is one of good choice.</p>

Clinical outcomes of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the thalamus received stereotactic combined with microsurgical treatment / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical outcomes of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the thalamus received stereotactic combined with microsurgical treatment,and find the best treated method. Methods Forty-three patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the thalamus,admitted to our hospital from October 2009 to March 2011,were selected in our study; these patients were divided into stereotactic combined with microsurgical treatment group (observation group,n=22) and direct surgery group (control group,n=21).Preoperative hematoma,and hematoma at 1 week and 1 month after the treatments under CT were compared; clinical curative effect at 1 month after the treatments and activities of daily living (ADL) 3 months after the treatments were compared. Results The hematoma in the observation group 1 week and 1 month after the treatments was statistically different as compared with that in the control group (P＜0.05).Clinical curative effect in the observation group (average rank=18.022) was better than that in the control group (26.166) with significant differences (P＜0.05); the total effective rate in the observation group was 77.3％ and that in the control group was 52.4％ with significant differences (P＜0.05).ADL scale indicated that the ability of the observation group (average rank=18.363) were better than that in the control group (25.809) with significant differences (P＜0.05).The postoperative complication rate in the observation group (22.7％) was lower than that in the control group (42.8％) with significant differences (P＜0.05). Conclusion Stereotactic combined with microsurgical treatment in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the thalamus is safe and effective; this treatment can improve the postoperative living quality and enjoy few complications,which is worth in the clinical application.