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Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(4): 512-515, abr. 2014.
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-716223

RESUMO

The nature of mental disorders, the attitudes and prejudices of the social community towards psychiatric patients, the behavior and treatment of mental patients, all bring about numerous dilemmas and prejudices. When a patient is diagnosed with a mental disorder, he may suffer restrictions in the field of general human rights. However, the biggest problems in clinical practice occur in the treatment of patients who, besides their mental disorder also have a somatic disease. We report a 56-years-old female with a severe renal failure who refused to undergo dialysis. Following the patient's refusal to sign an informed consent, a psychiatrist was called in for consultation and diagnosed an acute psychotic reaction. To manage the delusions and acute psychotic reactions, risperidone in the dose of 2 mg was started. After 22 days, the patient still had marked psychotic symptoms. A psychiatrist, a nephrologist and an anesthesiologist, in the presence of the spouse on the grounds of her life-threatening condition, decided to apply the necessary medical procedures even without the patient's consent. A day after the start of dialysis the patient still had delusional ideas, but without the presence of anxiety, and the patient no longer offered resistance to dialysis. Four days after the first dialysis, the patient was calm, had vague memories about the entire previous period, and signed the informed consent concerning her further treatment.


Se generan muchos dilemas y prejuicios debido a la naturaleza de las enfermedades mentales. Cuando a un paciente se le diagnostica un cuadro mental, sus derechos humanos pueden verse perjudicados. Sin embargo, los mayores problemas se suscitan en pacientes que además de tener un trastorno mental, tienen una enfermedad somática. Presentamos una mujer de 56 años con una falla renal que rechazó ser dializada. Después que la paciente no firmó el consentimiento informado, se pidió una interconsulta a psiquiatría y se diagnosticó una reacción psicótica aguda. Se indicó risperidona para tratar las alucinaciones. Después de 22 días de tratamiento la paciente aún tenía síntomas psicóticos. Una junta médica efectuada en la presencia del cónyuge de la paciente, decidió efectuar la diálisis a pesar del rechazo de la paciente. Un día después de dializarse, la paciente aún tenía alucinaciones pero menos ansiedad y dejó de rechazar la diálisis. Cuatro días más tarde la paciente no recordaba lo ocurrido y firmó el consentimiento para dializarse.


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido , Diálise Renal/psicologia , Insuficiência Renal/psicologia , Transtornos de Ansiedade , Comorbidade , Transtornos Mentais , Insuficiência Renal/terapia , Recusa do Paciente ao Tratamento
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