Preparation and quality evaluation of total flavonoids microemulsion of "Pueraria lobata-Hovenia dulcis" / 中国中药杂志

The effective components of flavonoids in the "Pueraria lobata-Hovenia dulcis" drug pair have low bioavailability in vivo due to their unstable characteristics. This study used microemulsions with amphoteric carrier properties to solve this problem. The study drew pseudo-ternary phase diagrams through titration compatibility experiments of the oil phase with emulsifiers and co-emulsifiers and screened the prescription composition of blank microemulsions. The study used average particle size and PDI as evaluation indicators, and the central composite design-response surface method(CCD-RSM) was used to optimize the prescription; high-dosage drug-loaded microemulsions were obtained, and their physicochemical properties, appearance, and stability were evaluated. The results showed that when ethyl butyrate was used as the oil phase, polysorbate 80(tween 80) as the surfactant, and anhydrous ethanol as the cosurfactant, the maximum microemulsion area was obtained. When the difference in results was small, K_(m )of 1∶4 was chosen to ensure the safety of the prescription. The prescription composition optimized by the CCD-RSM was ethyl butyrate(16.28%), tween 80(9.59%), and anhydrous ethanol(38.34%). When the dosage reached 3% of the system mass, the total flavonoid microemulsion prepared had a clear and transparent appearance, with average particle size, PDI, and potential of(74.25±1.58)nm, 0.277±0.043, and(-0.08±0.07) mV, respectively. The microemulsion was spherical and evenly distributed under transmission electron microscopy. The centrifugal stability and temperature stability were good, and there was no layering or demulsification phenomenon, which significantly improved the in vitro dissolution of total flavonoids.

Kinetics and variation of volatile components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma during hot-air drying / 中国中药杂志

The present study explored the kinetics and variation of volatile components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma during the hot-air drying process to obtain the optimal process parameters under multiple goals such as drying efficiency and drying quality. The dry basis moisture content and drying rate curves along with the change of drying time of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were investigated at five levels of drying air temperatures(30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 ℃). The relationship between moisture ratio and time in the drying process of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma was fitted and verified by Midilli model, Page model, Overhults model, Modified Page model, Logaritmic model, Two terms Exponential model, and Newton model. Meanwhile, the effective diffusion coefficient of moisture(D_(eff)) and activation energy(E_a) in Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were calculated under different drying air temperatures. GC-MS was used to determine the volatile components and content changes of the fresh Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and dried products at different temperatures. The dry basis moisture content and drying rate of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were closely related to the temperature of the drying medium, and the moisture of the Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma decreased with the prolonged drying time. As revealed by the drying rate curve, the drying rate increased with the increase in hot air temperature, and the migration of moisture was accelerated. The comparison of the correlation coefficient(R~2), chi-square(χ~2), and root mean standard error(RMSE) of each model indicated that the parameter average of the Midilli model had the highest degree of fit, with R~2=0.999 2, χ~2=8.78×10~(-5), and RMSE=8.20×10~(-3). Besides, the D_(eff) at 30-70 ℃ was in the range of 1.04×10~(-9)-6.28×10~(-9) m~2·s~(-1), and E_a was 37.47 kJ·mol~(-1). The volatile components of fresh Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and dried products at different temperatures were determined by GC-MS, and 18, 18, 18, 17, 17, and 18 compounds were identified respectively, which accounted for more than 84.76% of the volatile components. In conclusion, the hot-air drying of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma can be model-fitted and verified and the variation law of the moisture and volatile components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with temperature is obtained. This study is expected to provide new ideas for exploring the drying characteristics and quality of aromatic Chinese medicine.

Electroencephalogram signal analysis and its research progress in the field of epilepsy treatment / 中华神经科杂志

Epilepsy is a serious chronic neurological disorder that can be detected by analysing the brain signals generated by brain neurons, with electroencephalography (EEG) becoming a key tool in the diagnosis of epilepsy. The application of specific methods for processing and analysing EEG signals is important in exploring the working mechanisms of the brain and in the diagnosis of neurological disorders of the brain. The article describes the application of EEG signals in epilepsy treatment through feature extraction, feature classification and other related analysis methods. The article presents an overview of recent research advances through the use of principal component analysis, independent component analysis, wavelet transform, linear discriminant analysis, support vector machine, artificial neural network and decision tree. It provides some reference for the detection and classification of seizures and future research directions.

Research advances in drug resistance mechanisms of bacterial biofilm and natural drug intervention / 中国中药杂志

Drug resistance resulting from bacterial biofilms can invalidate antibacterial agents. Therefore,eradicating bacterial biofilms to reverse drug resistance is a hotspot in the pharmaceutical research. In recent years,numerous studies have revealed the complicated mechanism of bacterial biofilm formation and strong drug resistance with multiple influential factors involved. This paper gives a comprehensive review on the process of biofilm formation and intervention by natural drugs,which can provide some reference and evidence for the following studies.

Long noncoding RNAs are involved in osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast production / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Long noncoding RNAs play a role In transcription and post-transcrlptlonal levels, participate in the regulation of bone regeneration, and are closely related to osteoarthritis as well.  OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of long noncoding RNAs in bone regeneration and osteoarthritis. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI, PubMed, and Elsevier was performed for relevant articles regarding long noncoding RNAs in bone regeneration and osteoarthritis published from January 2000 to June 2019, including review, basic research and clinical research. The search terms were “LncRNA; bone; bone regeneration; osteoarthritis” in Chinese and English. After preliminarily reading titles and abstracts, irrelevant articles were excluded. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 64 articles were finally included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bone regeneration is a complex process involving the interaction of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Long noncoding RNAs are involved in the differentiation of osteoblasts and the production of osteoclasts, which play an important role in the balance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Therefore, it is a key molecule of bone regeneration. Long noncoding RNAs are involved in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis and differentially expressed in osteoarthritis patients and healthy people, some of which are elevated and some are decreased in osteoarthritis patients. Thus, defining their respective expression differences and functions is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.

Preparation of progressive gradient-aperture osteochondral scaffold and its cytocompatibility evaluation / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To prepare a progressive gradient-aperture scaffold composed of silk fibroin(SF)-chitosan(CS)-nano-hydroxyapatite(nHAp)for osteochondral repair.Method:The SF solution, CS solution and nHA suspension were mixed in vitro at equal proportions.The progressive gradient osteochondral(OC)scaffold-1(2%), scaffold-2(3%)and scaffold-3(4%)was respectively prepared by using centrifugation, vacuum freeze-drying, chemical cross-linking and three shaping steps.General conditions, porosity, hot water dissolution rate, water swelling rate, compression water swelling rate, water swelling rate after dissolution, mechanical properties, internal structure observation and pore size were measured.Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)were cultured and the scaffold extract was prepared.The effect of scaffold extract on the proliferation of BMSCs was detected by the cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)method.BMSCs were co-cultured with the scaffold, and the distribution and morphology of the cells around the scaffold were observed.Results:The structure of scaffold was regular in each group and the porosity was more than 80%.Along with the increase of the material concentration, the water swelling rate of the scaffold was decreased gradually( P<0.05). Compared with before compression, the water swelling rate of scaffold-1 was decreased after compression( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the hot water dissolution rate among all groups( all P>0.05), and the complete dissolution of the scaffold-1, scaffold-2 and scaffold-3 in vitro required 65.9, 60.9, and 73.9weeks, respectively.The elastic modulus of scaffolds in above three groups were 0.0955, 0.1762 and 0.3468 MPa, respectively.The examination results of scanning electron microscope(SEM)showed that the internal structure of scaffold was honeycomb in each group, the pore shape was regular, which showed an inter-connected pore network.The pore distribution was gradually dense and the pore diameter gradually decreased from the cartilage side to the osteogenic side( P<0.05), and the nHAp content increased gradually.The scaffold extract had no obvious toxicity to the growth and proliferation of BMSCs in each group.After BMSCs were seeded on scaffolds and co-cultured for 5 days, the cells grew well without obvious cell death or morphological abnormalities. Conclusions:In this study, a progressive gradient pore size OC scaffold is successfully prepared with good physical properties and biocompatibility, which is expected to be a new bio-mimetic composite scaffold material for repairing OC defects.

Application value of enhanced recovery after surgery in the laparoscopic surgery for cholecystolithiasis comorbid with choledocholithiasis / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the clinical application value of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in the laparoscopic surgery for cholecystolithiasis comorbid with choledocholithiasis.@*Methods@#The prospective study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 52 patients with cholecystolithiasis comorbid with choledocholithiasis who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from September 2016 to September 2018 were collected. Patients were divided into 2 groups by random number table: patients in observation group received laparoscopic cholecystectomy + choledocholithotomy + choledochoscopic exploration + T-tube drainage (or primary suture of common bile duct) and perioperative management guided by the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), and patients in control group received traditional perioperative management. Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations; (2) postoperative situations; (3) postoperative complications; (4) postoperative pain scores; (5) changes in hepatic function and blood routine during perioperative period. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect complications during the postoperative 6 months up to March 2019. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean±SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the paired t test or repeated ANOVA. Count data were described as absolute numbers and percentages, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability.@*Results@#Fifty-two patients were screened for eligibility, including 20 males and 32 females, aged 25-68 years, with an average age of 53 years. There were 30 patients in the observation group and 22 in the control group. (1) Surgical situations: the operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (133±19)minutes and (47±21)mL in the observation group, and (136±22)minutes and (49±23)mL in the control group, respectively, showing no significant difference between the two groups (t=-0.386, -0.211, P>0.05). (2) Postoperative situations: time to out-of-bed activity, time to initial food intake, time to first anal flatus, duration of postoperative hospital stay, and hospital expenses were (18±4)hours, (19±5)hours, (28±2)hours, (4.0±1.0)days, and (1.82±0.22)×104 yuan in the observation group, and (29±7)hours, (46±9)hours, (37±4)hours, (6.6±1.6)days, and (2.25±0.29)×104 yuan in the control group, respectively, showing significant differences between the two groups (t=-7.054, -14.169, -9.426, -6.582, -5.809, P<0.05). (3) Postoperative complications: 1 of 30 patients in the observation group had postoperative biliary leakage, with a postoperative complication rate of 3.3%, and was cured after symptomatic support treatment. Six of 22 patients in the control group had postoperative complication, with a postoperative complication rate of 27.3%, including 2 of biliary leakage, 1 of hemorrhage, 1 of abdominal infection, 1 of pulmonary infection, 1 of urinary infection, and they were cured after symptomatic support treatment. There was a significant difference between the two groups (χ2=4.358, P<0.05). (4) Postoperative pain scores: from postoperative 6 hours to 48 hours, the postoperative pain score changed from 2.4±0.7 to 1.9±0.9 in the observation group, and from 4.1±0.7 to 2.9±0.9 in the control group, respectively, showing a significant difference in the changing trend between the two groups (F=78.053, P<0.05). (5) Changes in hepatic function and blood routine during perioperative period: from preoperation to postoperative 3 days, levels of alamine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBil), and count of white blood cells in the observation group changed from (77±20)U/L to (53±12)U/L, from (85±22)U/L to (61±17)U/L, from (166±39)U/L to (55±24)U/L, from (40±13)μmol/L to (29±12)μmol/L, from (7.0±2.0)×109/L to (6.8±1.9)×109/L, and changed from (79±23)U/L to (62±14)U/L, from (88±24)U/L to (64±17)U/L, from (179±34)U/L to (74±29)U/L, from (45±13)μmol/L to (35±12)μmol/L, from (7.9±2.4)×109/L to (7.5±1.9)×109/L in the control group, respectively. The levels of ALT, AST, GGT, TBiL, and count of WBC showed increasing at postoperative 1 day, and decreasing at postoperative 3 days. There was no significant difference in the changing trend between the two groups (F=0.058, 0.471, 3.021, 1.593, 2.172, P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#ERAS is safe and effective in the laparoscopic surgery for choledocholithiasis comorbid with cholecystolithiasis.

Application value of enhanced recovery after surgery in the laparoscopic surgery for cholecystolithiasis comorbid with choledocholithiasis / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To explore the clinical application value of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in the laparoscopic surgery for cholecystolithiasis comorbid with choledocholithiasis.Methods The prospective study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 52 patients with cholecystolithiasis comorbid with choledocholithiasis who were admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from September 2016 to September 2018 were collected.Patients were divided into 2 groups by random number table:patients in observation group received laparoscopic cholecystectomy + choledocholithotomy + choledochoscopic exploration +T-tube drainage (or primary suture of common bile duct) and perioperative management guided by the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS),and patients in control group received traditional perioperative management.Observation indicators:(1) surgical situations;(2) postoperative situations;(3) postoperative complications;(4) postoperative pain scores;(5) changes in hepatic function and blood routine during perioperative period.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect complications during the postoperative 6 months up to March 2019.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean ± SD,and comparison between groups was analyzed using the paired t test or repeated ANOVA.Count data were described as absolute numbers and percentages,and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability.Results Fifty-two patients were screened for eligibility,including 20 males and 32 females,aged 25-68 years,with an average age of 53 years.There were 30 patients in the observation group and 22 in the control group.(1) Surgical situations:the operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (133± 19) minutes and (47 ± 21) mL in the observation group,and (136±22) minutes and (49±23)mL in the control group,respectively,showing no significant difference between the two groups (t=-0.386,-0.211,P＞0.05).(2) Postoperative situations:time to out-of-bed activity,time to initial food intake,time to first anal flatus,duration of postoperative hospital stay,and hospital expenses were (18±4) hours,(19±5) hours,(28±2)hours,(4.0± 1.0)days,and (1.82±0.22) × 104 yuan in the observation group,and (29±7)hours,(46±9)hours,(37±4)hours,(6.6±1.6)days,and (2.25±0.29) ×104 yuan in the control group,respectively,showing significant differences between the two groups (t =-7.054,-14.169,-9.426,-6.582,-5.809,P＜0.05).(3) Postoperative complications:1 of 30 patients in the observation group had postoperative biliary leakage,with a postoperative complication rate of 3.3％,and was cured after symptomatic support treatment.Six of 22 patients in the control group had postoperative complication,with a postoperative complication rate of 27.3％,including 2 of biliary leakage,1 of hemorrhage,1 of abdominal infection,1 of pulmonary infection,1 of urinary infection,and they were cured after symptomatic support treatment.There was a significant difference between the two groups (x2 =4.358,P ＜ 0.05).(4) Postoperative pain scores:from postoperative 6 hours to 48 hours,the postoperative pain score changed from 2.4 ± 0.7 to 1.9± 0.9 in the observation group,and from 4.1 ± 0.7 to 2.9 ± 0.9 in the control group,respectively,showing a significant difference in the changing trend between the two groups (F=78.053,P＜0.05).(5) Changes in hepatic function and blood routine during perioperative period:from preoperation to postoperative 3 days,levels of alamine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT),total bilirubin (TBil),and count of white blood cells in the observation group changed from (77±20)U/L to (53± 12)U/L,from (85±22)U/L to (61± 17) U/L,from (166±39) U/L to (55±24) U/L,from (40± 13) μmol/L to (29±12) μmol/L,from (7.0±2.0) × 109/L to (6.8± 1.9) × 109/L,and changed from (79±23) U/L to (62± 14) U/L,from (88±24)U/L to (64± 17) U/L,from (179±34) U/L to (74±29) U/L,from (45± 13) μmol/L to (35±12) μmol/L,from (7.9±2.4)× 109/L to (7.5± 1.9)× 109/L in the control group,respectively.The levels of ALT,AST,GGT,TBiL,and count of WBC showed increasing at postoperative 1 day,and decreasing at postoperative 3 days.There was no significant difference in the changing trend between the two groups (F=0.058,0.471,3.021,1.593,2.172,P＞0.05).Conclusion ERAS is safe and effective in the laparoscopic surgery for choledocholithiasis comorbid with cholecystolithiasis.

Network Meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of surgical resection and thermal ablations for hepatocellular carcinoma in China / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective@#To compare the efficacy and safety of surgical resection and thermal ablations in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in China using a network Meta-analysis.@*Methods@#References related to eligible randomized controlled studies (RCTs) were searched from China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library from 1st January 2010 to 1st December 2017, and were selected according to the criteria. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates and incidence of serious complications were compared among surgical resection (SR), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and microwave ablation(MWA) by network Meta-analysis based frequency and Bayesian methods.@*Results@#A total of 24 RCTs were included in this study. The results of surface under the cumulative ranking probabilities (SUCRA) showed that when all RCTs were included, the frequency model supported MWA had the highest 5-year overall survival rate (66.1%), while the Bayesian model supported SR had the highest 5-year overall survival rate (64.7%). When the tumor diameter of hepatocellular carcinoma was less than 5 cm and the liver function was Child-Pugh A/B, the frequency and Bayesian model both supported SR had the highest 5-year overall survival rate (89.1% and 88.3%, respectively). When all RCTs or RCTs were included with the tumor diameter less than 5 cm and liver function was Child-Pugh A/B, both the frequency and the Bayesian model supported RFA had the best safety (serious complications rate) (16.4%, 18.7%, 12.6 and 12.8%, respectively).@*Conclusion@#SR should be the first choice for early and small hepatocellular carcinoma, while RFA and MWA have their own indications.

Classification of Chinese Medicines Containing Volatile Oil and Analysis of Quality Influencing Factors Based on Fist Part in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 Edition / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Volatile oil is widely distributed in Chinese medicinal materials,which contains rich chemical compositions and has a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-bacterial,anti-inflammatory,anti-oxidant,anti-tumor,transdermal absorption and antalgic activities,etc.In recent years,the research on the Chinese medicines containing volatile oil is increasing,showing a wide prospect of application in clinical medicine,health care,daily products development,etc.Volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine has poor solubility,volatility and unstable properties.Factors such as species,harvesting seasons,extraction methods,processing technologies and storage conditions would affect the compositions and contents of volatile oil,thus directly affecting its efficacy,safety and quality stability.Hence,it is especially necessary to control the volatile oil content.The current 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia has made a lot of regulations on the quality control of Chinese medicines containing volatile oil,but generally does not provide the lowest and highest concentrations of volatile oil.As the volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicines has good biological activity and the quality standards are not yet perfect,this study would take the Fist Part of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 Edition as the data source to determine the species of Chinese medicines containing volatile oils through literature research and pharmacopoeia description;the functions,indications,and sources of 196 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines containing volatile oil would be classified and the confusable species would be discriminated by using the Chinese pharmacy knowledge.In this study,the quality-influencing factors would be comprehensively analyzed and the content determination methods of volatile oil would be summarized to offer a reference for the development and application of Chinese medicinal materials containing volatile oil,as well as to lay the foundation for further reinforcing and improving their quality standards.

Analyses on allocation and utilization of class-B large medical equipments at public hospitals under Pudong New Area / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To analyze the allocation and utilization of class-B large medical equipments at public hospitals under Pudong New Area,Shanghai.Methods Data on the allocation and utilization of class-B large medical equipments were collected by a questionnaire survey of 17 public hospitals under Pudong New Area from June to July 2017 and were analyzed in descriptive statistics.Results There were 55 units of class-B large medical equipments at the public hospitals under by Pudong New Area.The average utilization rates of MRI,CT and DSA were 52.62％,61.49％ and 24.43％ respectively.Conclusions The number of class-B large medical equipments has increased at such hospitals,but the services using DSA need to be extended.

The clinical significance of the changes of Th17 cells and cytokines IL-17 and IL-6 in hepatocellular carcinoma patients / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To investigate the change of the percentage of Th17 cells and cytokine among hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and para-carcinoma tissue and the liver tissue of hepatic hemangio-ma, and to explore its clinical significance. Methods To choose 26 of hepatocellular carcinoma patients between November 2014 and December 2016 and also include 11 cases of hepatic hemangioma as control group. The percentage of Th17cells in HCC tissue and para-carcinoma tissue and the liver tissue of hepatic hemangioma was evaluated by flow cytometric; The levels of IL-6 and IL-17 in HCC tissues, para-carcinoma tissue and the liver tissue of hepatic hemangioma were detected by RT-PCR. Results The ratio of Th17 cells to CD4 cells in peripheral blood of HCC was significantly higher than that in control group (4. 07% ± 0. 68% vs. 1. 39% ± 0. 41% ), P＜0. 05. The ratio of Th17 cells to CD4 cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissues and liver tissues of hepatic hemangioma (4. 76% ± 0. 75% vs. 2. 30% ± 0. 26% vs. 0. 77% ± 0. 31% , P＜0. 05). Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis of the changes of Th17 cells in patients with HCC and their correlation with clinical parameters showed that Th17 lymphocytes in peripheral blood of patients with HCC were closely related to TNM staging(YTh17 =2. 647 +0. 687TNM. It’s indicated that the level of IL-6 and IL-17 in liver cancer tissues was significantly higher than that of the liver hemangioma in the control group through ELISA ( P＜0. 05). The proportion of peripheral blood Th17 cells to CD4 cells is different in different TNM stages(stage I＜stage II ＜stage III ～IV, the difference was statistically significant. RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of IL-17, IL-6mRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues and hepatic hemangioma liver tissue (all P＜0. 05). Conclusion The increased proportion of Th17 cells and the increased levels of cytokines IL-6 and IL-17 may be closely correlated with occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma. It can be an important target of anti-tumor therapy.

Drilling Combined with Adipose-derived Stem Cells and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 to Treat Femoral Head Epiphyseal Necrosis in Juvenile Rabbits / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of drilling through the growth plate and using adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to treat femoral head epiphyseal ischemic necrosis,which can be done in juvenile rabbits.Passage-four bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled ADSCs were cultured,assayed with MTT to determine their viability and stained with alizarin red dye to determine their osteogenic ability.Two-month-old,healthy male rabbits (1.2 to 1.4 kg,n=45) underwent ischemic induction and were randomly divided into five groups (group A:animal model control;group B:drilling;group C:drilling & ADSCs;group D:drilling & BMP-2;and group E:drilling & ADSCs & BMP-2).Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),X-ray imaging,hematoxylin and eosin staining and BrdU immunofluorescence detection were applied 4,6 and 10 weeks after treatment.Approximately 90％ of the ADSCs were labeled with BrdU and showed good viability and osteogenic ability.Similar results were observed in the rabbits in groups C and E at weeks 6 and 10.The animals of groups C and E demonstrated normal hip structure and improved femoral epiphyseal quotients and trabecular areas compared with those of the groups A and B (P＜0.01).Group D demonstrated improved femoral epiphyseal quotients and trabecular areas compared with those of groups A and B (P＜0.05).In summary,drilling through the growth plate combined with ADSC and BMP-2 treatments induced new bone formation and protected the femoral head epiphysis from collapsing in a juvenile rabbit model of femoral head epiphyseal ischemic necrosis.

Drilling Combined with Adipose-derived Stem Cells and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 to Treat Femoral Head Epiphyseal Necrosis in Juvenile Rabbits / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of drilling through the growth plate and using adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to treat femoral head epiphyseal ischemic necrosis,which can be done in juvenile rabbits.Passage-four bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled ADSCs were cultured,assayed with MTT to determine their viability and stained with alizarin red dye to determine their osteogenic ability.Two-month-old,healthy male rabbits (1.2 to 1.4 kg,n=45) underwent ischemic induction and were randomly divided into five groups (group A:animal model control;group B:drilling;group C:drilling & ADSCs;group D:drilling & BMP-2;and group E:drilling & ADSCs & BMP-2).Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),X-ray imaging,hematoxylin and eosin staining and BrdU immunofluorescence detection were applied 4,6 and 10 weeks after treatment.Approximately 90％ of the ADSCs were labeled with BrdU and showed good viability and osteogenic ability.Similar results were observed in the rabbits in groups C and E at weeks 6 and 10.The animals of groups C and E demonstrated normal hip structure and improved femoral epiphyseal quotients and trabecular areas compared with those of the groups A and B (P＜0.01).Group D demonstrated improved femoral epiphyseal quotients and trabecular areas compared with those of groups A and B (P＜0.05).In summary,drilling through the growth plate combined with ADSC and BMP-2 treatments induced new bone formation and protected the femoral head epiphysis from collapsing in a juvenile rabbit model of femoral head epiphyseal ischemic necrosis.

Analysis on allocation of large medical equipment in Shanghai / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To analyze the allocation and equity of Class-A and Class-B large medical equipment in Shanghai, and to compare them with those in other parts of China and in other OECD countries. Methods The data of large medical equipments were collected from the Health and Family Planning Commission of Shanghai, government websites, relevant research reports and the database of OECD. Gene-coefficients were adopted to evaluate the equity of large equipment allocation. Results In terms of Class-A and Class B large equipments like CTs, MRIs and DSAs per million population, the number for Shanghai by the end of 2015, was 1.325, 5.30, 2.13 and 3.81 units respectively. Except for CTs, this figure was higher than national average, yet lower than average of other OECD countries. In addition, the equity in allocation of Class-B large medical equipment was better than that of Class-A large medical equipment in Shanghai. Conclusions The overall deployment level of large medical equipments in Shanghai remains to be increased, and the equity in allocation of Class-A large medical equipment deserves more attention.

Analysis on return on investment of three types of large medical equipments at public hospitals under Pudong New Area / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To analyze the return on investment of 3 types of large medical equipments at Pudong's public hospitals in Shanghai.Methods Data on the numbers and purchasing expenditure, annual utilization headcounts, annual income and annual costs of the MRIs, CTs and DSAs were collected from these hospitals, and their breakeven points and recovery period were analyzed in the study. Results At these hospitals, CTs had relatively a higher return on investment in 2016, with 95 000 headcounts per hospital. At the interest rates of 1% , 3% and 5% , nine hospitals could recover their investment, at an average recovery period of 2.88 years, 3.23 years and 3.84 years respectively. That for DSS was poor. Conclusions These hospitals should improve the business performance of these equipments by means of rational purchase, enhanced utilization and sharing mechanism.

A preliminary study on the fabrication of silk fibroin/chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite osteochondral scaffolds with a gradient pore size structure / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the feasibility and methods of preparing silk fibroin(SF)/ chitosan(CS)/nano hydroxyapatite(nHA)composite osteochondral scaffolds with a gradient pore size structure.Methods We prepared an SF solution,a CS solution and an nHA suspension,all with a 2％ concentration,and mixed them with equal proportions.The mixture was used to prepare SF/CS/nHA composite osteochondral scaffolds with a pore size gradient through a centrifugal freeze drying and chemical cross linking method.The porosity,hot water loss rate,water swelling rate and mechanical properties of the scaffold were measured,and the dissolution curve and stress strain curve were drawn.The internal structure and morphology of the scaffold were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and the sizes of pores in the scaffold were measured.Results The porosity of the scaffold was(91.30± 3.35)％;The five week hot water loss rate was(16.57± 3.18)％;And the water swelling rate was (3218.53 ± 84.37)％.Mechanical test results demonstrated a good compression performance of the scaffold.SEM showed that the internal pores of the scaffolds were honeycomb structured with communicating passages;The density of pores gradually increased with decreasing pore sizes from the top to the bottom(pore sizes at four different levels:(141.11± 11.85)μm,(119.94± 9.05)μm,(93.10 ± 14.98) μm,and (79.95 ± 8.65)μm,respectively,F =22.973,P =0.000).Scaffold cytotoxicity test results indicated no significant difference between A values of the extract group and of the negative control group at any time point(t24 h =0.520,P =0.610;t48 h =0.665,P =0.515;t72 h =0.439,P =0.666),and all RGR values were greater than 100％.Conclusions SF/CS/nHA composite osteochondral scaffolds with a gradient pore size structure can be prepared with a centrifugal-freeze drying and chemical cross-linking method.Scaffolds prepared this way have a three-dimensional structure,a gradient pore size structure,high porosity,strong water absorption,suitable degradation rates and good compressive resistance.Besides,the good cell compatibility and low cytotoxicity of the scaffolds satisfy the requirements for osteochondral tissue engineering materials.

Identification of endophytic bacteria BZJN1 and research on biological control of root rot of Atractylodes macrocephala / 中国中药杂志

In this study， an endophytic bacteria strain BZJN1 was isolated from Atractylodes macrocephala， and identified as Bacillus subtilis by physiological and biochemical tests and molecular identification. Strain BZJN1 could inhibit the growth of mycelia of Ceratobasidium sp. significantly， and the inhibition rate was more than 70%. The mycelium growth deformity with bulge as spherical and partially exhaustible in apex or central with microscopic observation. The inhibitory rates under 3% and 6% concentrations of the cell free fermentation were 22.7% and 38.7% expectively. The field test proved that the control efficacy of treatment of 1×10⁸ cfu·mL⁻¹ is 75.27% and 72.37% after 10 and 20 days. All the treatments of strain BZJN1 was able to promote the growth of A. macrocephala， the treatment of 1×10⁸ cfu·mL⁻¹ could able to increase the yield to 14.1%.

Effect and regulation of drying on quality of traditional Chinese medicine pills / 中国中药杂志

The dry quality of traditional Chinese medicine pills is the hot spot of pills research, because their quality has a crucial effect on the efficacy and development of dosage forms. Through literature research and statistical analysis, we would review the current problems on the drying of traditional Chinese medicine pills in this paper, and surrounding the evaluation system for traditional Chinese medicine pills, analyze the characteristics of common drying equipment and processes as well as their effect on quality of pills, discuss the problems in drying equipment and process as well as quality, and put forward the corresponding strategies, hoping to provide new ideas and new methods for the quality improvement of traditional Chinese medicine pills and quality standards.

Effect of fluidized bed technology on micromeritics properties of Leonurus Herba extract / 中国中药杂志

Based on different binders, the Leonurus Herba extract powders were fluidized and modified. The physical properties such as hygroscopicity, flowability, filling property and compression property were studied by various micromeritics methods before and after modification. The results showed that the physical properties of Leonurus Herba extract were close to those of microcrystalline cellulose, and its comprehensive flow index was between 61-75. Fluidization process can improve hygroscopicity, so the moisture absorption indexes of the samples were significantly lower than those of the original Leonurus Herba extract samples. With the plastic constant, compression ratio and yield stress, Heckel equation and Kawakita equation as the the investigation indicators, results showed that fluidization process based on binder water was superior to other methods in increasing the compressibility of the extracts. In low and medium pressure, the fluidized and modified extract can form the tablets with a certain strength. Fluidized transformation had a greater influence on the properties of original Leonurus Herba extracts, which was instructive to guide significance for the surface modification of pharmaceutical powders and provide the basis for the development of extract tablet.