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Objective To investigate the baseline clinical characteristics,ascending aortic root anatomical characteristics,and related factors of the surgical strategy of patients with new-onset conduction disturbance(NOCD)after transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)with self-expanding valve(SEV)implantation.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 245 patients who underwent TAVR at the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital Xiamen University between December 2014 and November 2022.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,167 patients with SEV implantation during surgery were continuously included.They were divided into tricuspid aortic valve group(TAV group,113 cases)and bicuspid aortic valve group(BAV group,54 cases)according to aortic valve morphology.The TAV group was divided into NOCD group(43 cases)and non NOCD group(70 cases)according to postoperative electrocardiogram characteristics.The BAV group was divided into NOCD group(16 cases)and non NOCD group(38 cases).Collect clinical data such as preoperative electrocardiogram and ascending aortic root CT angiography from patients.Results The right-non valvular calcification quantification(P=0.005)in the non-NOCD group was significantly greater than that in the NOCD group,but the aortic angle(P=0.002)was smaller in TAV patients.Multivariate analysis suggested that the risk of NOCD after TAVR is reduced by 2.6%for every 10 mm3 increase in right-non valvular calcification in patients(OR 0.974,P=0.039),the risk of postoperative NOCD nearly 7.3%for every degree increase in aortic angulation(OR 1.073,P=0.003).In BAV patients the increase of the risk of NOCD after TAVR is nearly 3.3%for every l ms increase in preoperative PR interval(OR 1.033,P=0.041),the risk of NOCD is reduced by 6.6%for every 10 mm3 increase in calcification quantification in the right coronary valve area(OR 0.934,P=0.013).Conclusions In TAV patient,right-non valvular calcification may have a protective effect on the cardiac conduction system,but a larger aortic angle increases the risk of NOCD.In BAV patients,a longer preoperative PR interval is a risk factor for NOCD,and the right coronary valve area may protect the cardiac conduction system.
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Bone mineral density is an important indicator of bone nutrition. The bone mineral density of children gradually increases with age, and the accumulation of bone mineral density in adolescence increases significantly, which is the most sensitive period to affect the peak bone mass. Sex hormone promotes bone formation and bone mineral density acquisition, and the peak secretion of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 increases bone mineral density accumulation. Children with precocious puberty develop earlier, and the length of puberty is shortened, resulting in changes in bone mass accumulation. GnRHa(gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogue) treatment of precocious puberty also affects bone metabolism. The level of 25-(OH)D3 in children varies with age in a U-shaped curve, which is the lowest in adolescence. Changes in body composition such as bone mass in adolescence have a long-term impact on bone health and even adult physique.
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Abstract Background: The accuracy of diagnosis and the safety of treatment in colonoscopy depends largely on the quality of bowel cleansing. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and adverse reactions of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) combined with lactulose with that of PEG alone in bowel preparation before colonoscopy. Methods: The authors searched a number of databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and China Academic Journals Full-text Database. The authors screened according to literature inclusion and exclusion criteria, assessed the quality of the included literature, and extracted the data. The meta-analysis of included literature used RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0 software. Results: A total of 18 studies, including 2274 patients, were enrolled. The meta-analysis showed that PEG combined with lactulose had a better efficacy (OR = 3.87, 95% CI 3.07‒4.87, p = 0.000, and I2 = 36.2% in the efficiency group; WMD = 0.86, 95% CI 0.69‒1.03, p = 0.032 and I2 = 0% in the BBPS score group) in bowel preparation for patients with or without constipation. Moreover, PEG combined with lactulose had fewer adverse reactions, including abdominal pain (OR = 1.42, 95% CI 0.94‒2.14, p = 0.094), nausea (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.13‒2.28, p = 0.009) and vomiting (OR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.14‒2.74, p = 0.011), than PEG alone. No significant reduction in the incidence of abdominal distention was observed. Conclusion: PEG combined with lactulose may be a better choice for bowel preparation before colonoscopy compared with PEG alone.
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OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the correlation between Cobb angle and spinous process angle (SPA) on X-ray film and body surface in patients with mild to moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS). To explore the possibility of linear SPA to assess scoliosis.@*METHODS@#Retrospective study for correlation of Cobb angle and linear SPA on X-ray film. AIS patients treated and taken full spine anteroposterior X-ray from January 2019 to December 2021 were analyzed correlation of Cobb angle and linear SPA on X-ray film. Prospective study for correlation of Cobb angle and body linear SPA. AIS patients treated and taken full spine anteroposterior X-ray from December 1 to December 9 this year were analyzed correlation of Cobb angle and body linear SPA.@*RESULTS@#A total of 113 AIS patients with age an average of (14.02±2.16) years old(ranged from 10 to 18 years old) were recruited in retrospective study, involving 26 males and 87 females;there were 71 patients with mild AIS and 42 patients with moderate AIS. Cobb angle in AIS patients was significantly inversely associated with SPA(r=-0.564, P<0.001), the linear regression equation was:Cobb angle=169.444-0.878×SPA. Cobb angles in patients with mild scoliosis were significantly and inversely associated with SPA(r=-0.269, P=0.012), the linear regression equation was:Cobb angle=46.832-0.185×SPA. Cobb angles in patients with moderate scoliosis were also clearly correlated with SPA(r=-0.417, P=0.003), the linear regression equation was:Cobb angle=113.889-0.516×SPA. Thirty-eight patients were recruited in prospective study. The mean Cobb angle and body linear SPA were(18.70±6.98)°, ranged from 11.3° to 36.0° and (170.34±4.57)°, ranged from 162.1° to 177.7° respectively. There was significantly negative correlation(r=-0.651, P<0.001), the linear regression equation is:Cobb angle=187.91-0.99×SPA.@*CONCLUSION@#Linear SPA on X-ray film or on the body was significantly negatively correlated with Cobb angles, but the regression equation fits poorly, so it's not suitable for diagnosis of scoliosis;however, linear SPA is appropriate for self-controlled assessment of scoliotic therapy or for dynamic assessment of spinal flexibility.
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Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Adolescente , Criança , Escoliose/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , CifoseRESUMO
AIM: To study the correlation between meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)patients and their sleep quality.METHODS: Retrospective case-control study. A total of 150 MGD patients treated in our hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were selected and divided into sleep disorder group(75 cases, PSQI>10 points)and control group(75 cases, PSQI≤10 points)according to the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI). Both groups were scored using the ocular surface disease index(OSDI), underwent meibomian gland-related examinations(eyelid margin morphology, meibomian gland secretion ability, meibomian gland secretion quality score), corneal fluorescein staining(FL)score, Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt), tear film break-up time(BUT)was measured, and sleep indicators(sleep quality, sleep latency, subjective sleep quality, sleep time)were evaluated.RESULTS: There were significant differences in OSDI score, FL score, SⅠt, BUT, eyelid margin morphology score, meibomian gland secretion ability score, and meibomian gland secretion quality score between the two groups(P<0.05). In the sleep disorder group, PSQI score, sleep latency score, subjective sleep quality score, and sleep time score were significantly positively correlated with OSDI score, FL score, meibomian gland secretion ability score, and meibomian gland secretion quality score(P<0.05); PSQI score, subjective sleep quality score, and sleep time score were significantly positively correlated with eyelid margin morphology score(P<0.05); PSQI score, sleep latency score, and subjective sleep quality score were significantly negatively correlated with BUT and SⅠt(P<0.05); sleep time score was significantly negatively correlated with BUT(P<0.05); sleep latency score was not significantly correlated with eyelid margin morphology score(P>0.05); sleep time score was not significantly correlated with SⅠt(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The ocular surface condition of MGD patients is correlated with multiple sleep quality indicators, and a decline in sleep quality may increase the risk of MGD.
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Objective To analyze the mortality characteristics and trends and the cause-eliminated life expectancy of gastric cancer in Harbin City from 1987 to 2019. Methods Mortality data of residents with gastric cancer from 1987 to 2019 in Harbin was analyzed to describe the mortality characteristics and trends of gastric cancer. Abridged life table and cause-eliminated life table were applied to calculate life expectancy and cause-eliminated life expectancy. Average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated with Joinpoint 4.2 software to evaluate the trends of mortality and cause-eliminated life expectancy of gastric cancer. Results From 1987 to 2019, the crude mortality, ASMRC and ASMRW and the truncated rate (35-64) were 14.3/105, 10.9/105, 10.9/105, and 13.5/105, respectively. The ASMRC showed an obvious decreasing trend at an average annual rate of 2.9% from 1987 to 2019 (95%CI: -4.4%--1.4%). Significant decreasing trends were observed for males (AAPC=-3.0%, 95%CI: -4.4%--1.7%) and females (AAPC=-3.1%, 95%CI: -5.3%--0.9%). An obvious decreasing trend in the ASMRW was also observed. The truncated rate (35-64) showed a downward trend (AAPC=-2.8%, 95%CI: -3.1%--2.5%). The average life expectancy of residents from 1987 to 2019 in Harbin were 76.78 years (male: 74.41 years, female: 79.33 years). After eliminating the causes of death of gastric cancer, the life expectancy increased by 0.25 years (male: 0.31 years, female: 0.18 years). Significant decreasing trends were found in the proportion of gastric cancer in all malignant cancer cases (AAPC=-0.18%, 95%CI: -2.0%--1.7%). Conclusion The mortality of gastric cancer decreases gradually from 1987 to 2019 in Harbin. After eliminating the causes of death of gastric cancer, the life expectancy increases by 0.25 years. Therefore, prevention and control should be strengthened.
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Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of taurine regulating the polarization of M2 macrophages by mitophagy. Methods THP-1 cells were divided into four groups: M0 group (THP-1 cells were treated by 100 nmol/L phorbol myristate ester for 48 hours to polarize into M0), M2 group (THP-1 cells were induced to polarize into M2 macrophages by 20 ng/mL interferon-4 (IL-4) for 48 hours), M2 combined with taurine groups (added with 40 or 80 mmol/L taurine on the basis of M2 macrophages). The mRNA expression of mannose receptor C type 1(MRC-1), C-C motif chemokine ligand 22(CCL22) and dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3 grabbing non-integrin (CD209) in M2 macrophages were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Mitochondrial and lysosome probes were used to detect the number of mitochondria and lysosomes by multifunction microplate reader and confocal laser scanning microscope. The level of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by JC-1 MMP assay kit. The expression of mitophagy-related proteins PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) were detected by Western blot analysis. Results Compared with M0 group, the expression of MRC-1, CCL22, CD209 and PINK1, the number of mitochondria and the level of MMP in M2 group were significantly increased, whereas the number of lysosomes and LC3II/LC3I ratio were decreased. Compared with M2 group, the expressions of MRC-1, CCL22 and CD209, the number of mitochondria and the level of MMP in M2 combined with taurine group dropped significantly while the number of lysosomes was found increased, and the protein expression of PINK1 and LC3II/LC3I ratio were also increased. Conclusions The polarization of M2 macrophages is regulated by taurine to prevent excessive polarization via reducing the level of MMP, improving the level of mitophagy, reducing the number of mitochondria, and inhibiting the mRNA expression of polarization markers in M2 macrophages.
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Mitofagia , Taurina , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , RNA MensageiroRESUMO
Posterior cataract opacification(PCO)is the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)of residual lens epithelial cells(LECs)after cataract surgery, resulting in opaque scar which is one of the main complications of cataract surgery. A large amount of fibronectin(FN)produced by LECs after cataract surgery binds to a variety of cell surface receptors, matrix components and growth factors to regulate cell behavior. The purpose of this article is to review the literatures on the treatment of PCO targeting fibronectin and provide references for clinical treatment of PCO. In this paper, the research status of fibronectin in PCO in recent years is reviewed.
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Objective@#To explore the impact of the participation of patients with chronic mental illness in health promotion activities on their physical, psychological, and social functions. @*Methods@#This study included inpatient with chronic mental illness from a hospital in Eastern Taiwan. According to the experimental research design, the selected subjects were randomly divided into a health promotion group and a control group, with 60 people in each group. The health promotion team conducts health promotion activities twice a week, each for approximately 50 minutes, over the course of eight weeks (16 times in total). The measurement instrument adopts the Adult Mental Health Scale (AMHS) scale. Five experts and scholars in related fields are invited to conduct expert validity. @*Results@#Using independent sample t-tests to analyze the changes in the two groups after 8 weeks, the physical, psychological and social problems of the health promotion group were significantly improved compared with the control group. @*Conclusion@#Health promotion activities can alleviate the physical illness, anxiety, irritability, depression, and social distress of chronic hospitalized mental patients, and can also increase their positive and optimistic mood. It can provide chronic mental health care institutions to plan patients’ physical activities or exercises.
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Objective:To study the value of ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy in children with uncomplicated appendicitis.Methods:This study was a single center, retrospective study, including all electronic cases of appendicitis diagnosed clinically in Department of Pediatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from October 2018 to October 2020 and received ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy.The clinical features, treatment and prognosis of the children were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 152 electronic cases were included, there were 77 males and 75 females, aged(6.84±3.09) years.All the 152 children were treated with ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy.Intubation success rate and clinical success rate was 98.03%(149/152 cases)and 97.99%(146/149 cases), respectively.The median time of endoscopic therapy was 42.50 (31.00, 56.00) minutes.Mean postoperative hospital stay was (2.81 ±1.41) days, and the mean total hospital stay was (4.19 ±1.71) days.A total of 139 patients were followed up with a median follow-up time of 5 (1, 26) months.During the follow-up, the recurrence rate was 7.19%(10/139 cases), and the median time of recurrence was 2 (1, 3) months.Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy had high effective rate and low recurrence rate in children with uncomplicated appendicitis, preserved the physiological function of appendix and avoided radiation damage.It can be used as a safe and effective treatment for acute and chronic uncomplicated appendicitis in children.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study the serological characteristics and molecular biological basis of 8 individuals with Para-Bombay phenotypes in Guangxi area.@*METHODS@#Serological tests were used to identify the blood groups of red cells. Molecular biological methods, including PCR-SSP for ABO genotyping and DNA sequencing for FUT1, were used to detect the genotypes of ABO and FUT1 which determined the expression of H antigen.@*RESULTS@#Eight individuals in the study were all the Para-Bombay phenotypes, including 4 cases of B@*CONCLUSION@#There are varieties of molecular genetic mechanisms for Para-Bombay phenotypes. In this study, the FUT1 mutations that cause Para-Bombay phenotypes in Guangxi area are mainly h3, h
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Humanos , Sistema ABO de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , Alelos , China , Fucosiltransferases/genética , Genótipo , Mutação , FenótipoRESUMO
Objectives@#To evaluate the immunogenicity of @*Methods@#Protein extracts from @*Results@#Immunization with @*Conclusion@#This is the advanced study to investigate the immunogenicity of
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Animais , Feminino , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/imunologia , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Reações Cruzadas , Citocinas/imunologia , Genoma Bacteriano , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Imunoglobulina M/imunologia , Macrófagos/imunologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Complexo Mycobacterium avium/imunologia , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/imunologia , Vacinas contra a Tuberculose/administração & dosagem , Sequenciamento Completo do GenomaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Parkinson's disease (PD) and the parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy (MSA-P) are distinct neurodegenerative disorders that share similar clinical features of parkinsonism. The morphological alterations of these diseases have yet to be understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate gray matter atrophy in PD and MSA-P using regions of interest (ROI)-based measurements and voxel-based morphometry (VBM). METHODS: We studied 41 patients with PD, 20 patients with MSA-P, and 39 controls matched for age, sex, and handedness using an improved T1-weighted sequence that eased gray matter segmentation. The gray matter volumes were measured using ROI and VBM. RESULTS: ROI volumetric measurements showed significantly reduced bilateral putamen volumes in MSA-P patients compared with those in PD patients and controls (p<0.05), and the volumes of the bilateral caudate nucleus were significantly reduced in both MSA-P and PD patients compared with those in the controls (p<0.05). VBM analysis revealed multifocal cortical and subcortical atrophy in both MSA-P and PD patients, and the volumes of the cerebellum and temporal lobes were remarkably reduced in MSA-P patients compared with the volumes in PD patients (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both PD and MSA-P are associated with gray matter atrophy, which mainly involves the bilateral putamen, caudate nucleus, cerebellum, and temporal lobes. ROI and VBM can be used to identify these morphological alterations, and VBM is more sensitive and repeatable and less time-consuming, which may have potential diagnostic value.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doença de Parkinson/classificação , Doença de Parkinson/diagnóstico por imagem , Atrofia/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Atrofia de Múltiplos Sistemas/patologia , Substância Cinzenta/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Curva ROC , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/patologia , Substância Cinzenta/patologiaRESUMO
Objective:To observe the variation of glutamate(AMPA) receptor interacting protein(GRIPs)and apoptosis of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs)under oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) condition, so as to explore the role of GRIPs in AMPA receptor-induced excitotoxic injury.Methods:OPCs were divided into control group, 60 min OGD group and 120 min OGD group.Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of GRIP1 and GRIP2 under OGD conditions.OPCs were divided into blank control group, OPCs+ OGD group, OPCs+ cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)+ OGD group, OPCs+ cAMP+ OGD+ GRIP1 small interfering RNA(siRNA) group, OPCs+ cAMP+ OGD+ GRIP1 siRNA negative control group, OPCs+ cAMP+ OGD+ GRIP2 siRNA group, OPCs+ cAMP+ OGD+ GRIP2 siRNA negative control group again, and terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL) kit was used to detect the apoptosis of each group.Fluo-4 fluorescent probe was used to measure the changes of intracellular free calcium.Results:OGD caused damage to OPCs, and the light microscope showed that the cell contour was not clear and the cell body retracts.The expressions of GRIP1 (1.233±0.060 vs.1.003±0.079, P<0.05) and GRIP2 (1.396±0.069 vs.1.001±0.037, P<0.05) were significantly higher than those in control group after 60 min of OGD was, and the longer the period of OGD, the higher the expression levels of GRIP1 (1.416±0.064 vs.1.233±0.060, P<0.01) and GRIP2 (1.680±0.018 vs.1.396±0.069, P<0.01) were.When GRIP1 and GRIP2 were down-regulated, the level of intracellular free calcium ion decreased(0.054±0.003 vs.0.074±0.003, P<0.01; 0.060±0.003 vs. 0.074±0.003, P<0.01), and the apoptosis rate decreased as well [(20.703±3.882)% vs.(11.470±1.679)%, P<0.05; (19.070±1.106)% vs.(14.448±0.849)%, P<0.01]. Conclusions:GRIP1 and GRIP2 are involved in the damage of OPCs that are caused by OGD, which may trigger AMPA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity by regulating Ca 2+ permeability.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study two novel CD36 gene mutations at the CD36 splicing sites found in Guangxi population, as well as the molecular basis and population incidence of them.@*METHODS@#DNA sequencing and cDNA clonal sequencing were used to detect CD36 exon sequence and the protein coding region sequence of CD36 mRNA for 2 CD36 deficient individuals (HHC and WGM) found in Guangxi population. Eukaryotic expression cell lines were established for the discovery of CD36 mRNA abnormal transcripts and Western blot assay was used to verify the effect of abnormal CD36 mRNA transcripts on CD36 expression. A DNA PCR-SSP genotyping method was established for the two CD36 novel mutations, and the population distribution was investigated among 110 CD36 deficient individuals in Guangxi region and 296 random individuals in Guangxi population.@*RESULTS@#Novel mutation of c.430 -1G>C was found at the CD36 splicing site in HHC and WGM individuals, and novel mutation of c.1006 +2T>G at the CD36 splicing site was also found in the WGM individual. CD36 cDNA clonal sequencing showed that CD36 c.430 -1G>C could lead to the production of the two CD36 mRNA transcript variants: c.429_430ins[430-17_430-2;C](p.Ala144fsTer1) and c.430_609del(p.Ala144_Pro203del)(GenBank:HM 217023.1); and CD36 c.1006 +2T>G could lead to the production of CD36 mRNA transcript variant of c.819_1006 del (p.Ser274GlufsTer16) (GenBank: HM217025.1). It was verified that all the three transcript variants could lead to CD36 deficiency by establishment of eukaryotic expression cell lines and Western blot assay. A study of the population incidence of two novel CD36 splicing site mutations found showed that in 110 CD36 deficient individuals and in 296 random individuals in Guangxi region, the mutation rate of CD36 c.430 -1G>C was 10.91% (12/110) and 1.35% (4/296), respectively, while CD36 c.1006 +2T>G was 2.73% (3/110) and 0 (0/296), respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#This study identifies two novel CD36 mutations at CD36 splicing site, and preliminary clarified their molecular basis for the CD36 deficiency and the distribution characteristics in Guangxi population as well. It provides an experimental and theoretical basis for studying the molecular mechanism and characteristics of CD36 deficiency in Chinese population.
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Humanos , Transtornos Plaquetários , China , Doenças Genéticas Inatas , Mutação , Splicing de RNARESUMO
Objective The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of malignant tumors in Harbin from 2015 to 2017 and provide the scientific evidence for cancer prevention and control. Methods The morbidity and mortality data of malignant tumors in Harbin were collected by Harbin Cancer Registry and Reporting System,and the incidence and death distribution of malignant tumors were described. Results In 2015-2017,there were 77,379 new cases of malignant tumors and 49,450 deaths in Harbin. The crude incidence of malignant tumors was 243. 51/105,age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese standard population(ASIRC)was 171. 76/105 in Harbin. The crude mortality of malignant tumors was 155. 62/105,age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese stand-ard population(ASMRC)was 106. 79/105 in Harbin. The top 5 malignant tumors were lung cancer,colorectal cancer,thyroid cancer, breast cancer and liver cancer. The top 5 deaths were lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer and pancreatic canc-er. Conclusion The burden of malignant tumors is serious in Harbin. Lung cancer,liver cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,thy-roid cancer and female breast cancer are the main malignant tumors that threaten residents.
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Objective To investigate the effect of antibiotic-induced microbiota dysbiosis on colonic barrier and immune response in juvenile mice.Methods Twenty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.Broad spectrum antibiotic mixture were administered by means of gavage to the experimental group every 12 hours for 14 days to induce intestinal microbiota dysbiosis.The mice of control group were given an equal amount of physiological saline.On the 15th day,all mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) to induce intestinal inflammatory reaction.The structure of intestinal flora was analyzed by way of 16SrRNA sequencing,and the morphology of colonic mucosa was observed by means of HE staining.The infiltration of colonic mucosa was observed through toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry.The levels of inflammatory cytokines in colon tissue were measured by real-time PCR and intestinal permeability-related parameters were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The intestinal microbial composition of the experimental group was significantly changed,and the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA in the antibiotic group (0.765 ± 0.062,0.082 ± 0.040,0.442 ± 0.059,0.469 ±0.079,0.736 ± 0.063) were all lower than those in the control group (1.738 ± 0.243,1.090 ± 0.104,1.151 ±0.136,1.066 ± 0.102,1.539 ± 0.218),and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05).The expressions of intestinal barrier related gene of mice ZO-1 and Occludin decreased (0.639 ± 0.071 vs.1.347 ± 0.224,0.770 ±0.067 vs.1.487 ± 0.148) but the level of fecal albumin increased [(6.419 ± 0.552) mg/L vs.(6.079 ± 0.011) mg/L] after antibiotic exposure,and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05).Conclusions Antibiotic exposure leads to changes of enteric microbiota,which adversely affects local mucosal immunity and intestinal barrier function of colon in juvenile mice.
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Guominjian is a prescription created by famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctor ZHU Zhan-yu. The prescription is composed of four TCM:Saposhnikoviae Radix, Mume Fructus, Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and Stellariae Radix, which are commonly used in clinical practice for allergic skin diseases, such as urticaria, atopic dermatitis and eczema. Although the medicinal composition is simple, the curative effect is remarkable, and the total effective rate of treatment in clinic is as high as 90%. Guominjian has the effects on phlegm and blood stasis, and can relieve itching and reduce capillary permeability by antagonizing histamine, reducing serum immune globulin (Ig) E, inhibiting mast cell degranulation and changing the differentiation of CD4+ T cell subsets, with anti-allergy effect at multi-target, multi-path, multi-levels. Domestic and foreign scholars have screened out the chemical constituents of single herbs in Guominjian, and found anti-allergic active ingredients, such as α-cubebenoate, cimicin, schisandrin, and saposhnikovia divaricata polysaccharide, and the mechanisms are different. However, the effects of TCM compounds are not equal to the simple combination of single herbs, and it is not possible to measure the efficacy of an active ingredient in a single herb. The anti-allergic chemical composition in Guominjian should be comprehensively analyzed to study the anti-allergy effect of Guominjian in an all-round way. However, the current research on Guominjian is only limited to the pharmacodynamics, but there is still lack systematic, comprehensive and holistic understanding of anti-allergic active components in Guominjian, which limits the secondary development and the establishment of standards of Guominjian. Therefore, the authors systematically collect and summarize the anti-allergic modern research results of Guominjian and its components by searching domestic and foreign literatures, in order to further define the research and new mechanism of anti-allergic chemical components and mechanism of Guominjian, and provide reference for the development of anti-allergic new drugs.
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BACKGROUND@#Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons with no effective cure. Electrophysiological studies have found decremental responses during low-frequency repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) except for diffused neurogenic activities. However, the difference between ALS and generalized myasthenia gravis (GMG) in terms of waveform features is unclear. In the current study, we explored the variation trend of the amplitudes curve between ALS and GMG with low-frequency, positive RNS, and the possible mechanism is discussed preliminarily.@*METHODS@#A total of 85 ALS patients and 41 GMG patients were recruited. All patients were from Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) between July 1, 2012 and February 28, 2015. RNS study included ulnar nerve, accessory nerve and facial nerve at 3 Hz and 5 Hz stimulation. The percentage reduction in the amplitude of the fourth or fifth wave from the first wave was calculated and compared with the normal values of our hospital. A 15% decrease in amplitude is defined as a decrease in amplitude.@*RESULTS@#The decremental response at low-frequency RNS showed the abnormal rate of RNS decline was 54.1% (46/85) in the ALS group, and the results of different nerves were 54.1% (46/85) of the accessory nerve, 8.2% (7/85) of the ulnar nerve and 0% (0/85) of the facial nerve stimulation, respectively. In the GMG group, the abnormal rate of RNS decline was 100% (41/41) at low-frequency RNS of accessory nerves. However, there was a significant difference between the 2 groups in the amplitude after the sixth wave.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both groups of patients are able to show a decreasing amplitude of low-frequency stimulation RNS, but the recovery trend after the sixth wave has significant variation. It implies the different pathogenesis of NMJ dysfunction of these 2 diseases.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Potenciais de Ação , Fisiologia , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica , Terapêutica , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica , Eletromiografia , Nervo Mediano , Fisiologia , Neurônios Motores , Fisiologia , Músculo Esquelético , Fisiologia , Miastenia Gravis , Terapêutica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Nervo Ulnar , FisiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the serum level of soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and its association with the degree of anemia in children with hemoglobin H (HbH) disease.@*METHODS@#A total of 55 children with HbH disease were enrolled as the HbH group, and 30 healthy children were enrolled as the control group. The HbH group was further divided into a deletional HbH disease group and a non-deletional HbH disease group. A retrospective analysis was performed for hematological parameters and serum sTfR level in all groups.@*RESULTS@#Of the 55 children with HbH disease, 39 had deletional HbH disease and 16 had non-deletional HbH disease. Compared with the control group, the deletional and non-deletional HbH disease groups had significantly lower hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and a significantly higher serum level of sTfR. Compared with the deletional HbH disease group, the non-deletional HbH disease group had significantly lower red blood cell count (RBC) and Hb level and significantly higher MCV, MCH, and serum sTfR level. In children with HbH disease, serum sTfR level was negatively correlated with RBC and Hb level (r=-0.739 and -0.667 respectively, P<0.05) and positively correlated with MCV and MCH (r=0.750 and 0.434 respectively, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Serum sTfR level is associated the degree of anemia in children with HbH disease, and sTfR may be a target for the treatment of HbH disease.