Application progress of high-throughput sequencing in antiphospholipid syndrome / 中华预防医学杂志

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by arterial and venous thrombosis and(or) morbid pregnancy, accompanied by persistent antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) positivity. However, due to the complex pathogenesis of APS and the large individual differences in the expression of aPL profiles of patients, the problem of APS diagnosis, prognosis judgment and risk assessment may not be solved only from antibody level. It is necessary to use new technologies and multiple dimensions to explore novel APS biomarkers. The application of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology in diseases with high incidence of somatic mutations, such as genetic diseases and tumors, has been very mature. Thus, gradually understanding the research and application progress of APS by NGS technology from genome, transcriptome, epigenome and other aspects is meaningful. This article reviews the related research of NGS technology in APS, and provide more reference for the deep understanding of the APS-related screening markers and disease pathogenesis.

Identification and Analysis of Complete Genomic Sequences of Soybean Mosaic Virus Isolates from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is a critical pathogen that reduces the soybean yield and seed quality worldwide, and SMV has a restricted natural host range. In this study, we used sequence-independent amplification (SIA) methods to identify the viruses that may cause the Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz disease. Results revealed that there is SMV in diseased Atractylodes macrocephala leaves, and we named this isolate as SMV-Am. To further characterize the genomic structural and phylogenetic relationships of SMV-Am, genomic dsRNA was extracted, and the genomic sequence was amplified by RT-PCR and RACE. The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that the genomic RNA of SMV-Am is 9587 nucleotides in length, which conforms to the typical characteristics of Potyvirus. According to the sequence alignment of complete nucleotide sequences, SMV-Am showed the highest level of nucleotide homology and amino acid sequences to SMV-Liaoning, 96. 57% and 98. 86%, respectively. In addition, phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleotide sequences of other SMV isolates of SMV-Am revealed that SMV-Am was most closely related to SMV-Liaoning. Then, the SMV-Am protein was further analyzed by I-TASSER and PyMOL software, revealing that the key amino acid mutations led to the structural changes of P1, HC-Pro, P3, 6K2, NIa-pro and NIb proteins, with P1 the most obvious. Finally, recombination has been detected at the position of 6560-8950 nucleotides, the main parent is the isolate SMV-XFQ012 (accession number KP710875. 1), and the secondary parent is isolate SMV-pCB301-SC15 (accession number MH919386. 1). This study is the first report of SMV in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, and these results are expected to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of SMV infection on Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.

Genome Characteristics and Evolution of Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus Based on the Shanxi Isolate of Cucurbita pepo L. in China / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) is a destructive cucurbit virus that causes extensive losses in the yield and quality of cucurbits (e.g., zucchini). At present, the analysis of genetic evolution of ZYMV is mainly based on CP sequence, and there has been little progress in addressing its phylogenetic relationships and evolution at the whole genome level. In this study, the whole genome sequences of ZYMV isolated from Shanxi Wenshui (ZYMV-WS) and 109 other reported ZYMV isolates were used to explore their phylogenetic relationships. The results showed that ZYMV-WS had the highest level of nucleotide homology (94.35%) to ZYMV-SXSG, and the amino acid sequences of ZYMV-BR3 were identical (97.37%) to those of ZYMV-WS. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis of ZYMV revealed that all the isolates were clustered into two major branches, and its population structure assessment demonstrated a marked genetic differentiation between A4 and B. Furthermore, we also discovered the sites of specific amino-acid alteration, and their possible association with functional changes. These results will help to better understand the genetic diversity and phylogenetic process of ZYMV, and lay a theoretical foundation for the effective prevention and control of ZYMV infection in the near future.

Effects of As2O3 on the Proliferation, Differentiation and Apoptosis of HL-60 Cells and Its Related Mechanisms / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of HL-60 cells in vitro and explore the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After HL-60 cells were treated with different concentration of As2O3, the cell proliferation was determined by MTS/PES method, the differentiation state was detected by the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test; flow cytometry was used to analyze the apoptosis and expression of CD11b. In addition, SYBR Green real-time RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA levels of C-FES, BCL-2, BAX, survivin , P21 and P27.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As2O3 could obviously inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 cells, and the effect was in dose- and time-dependent manners (r=-0.967; r=-0.954). Low concentration (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 µmol/L) of As2O3 could significantly promote the differentiation of HL-60 cells, the cells exhibited a higher NBT-reducing ability and expressed far more CD11b antigens. High concentration (2.5 and 5.0 µmol/L) of As2O3 induced HL-60 cell apoptosis, but the ability of promoting differentiation decreased. The expression of C-FES mRNA significantly increased after being treated with As2O3 at the concentrations 1.0 and 5.0 µmol/L, and the former is more obvious, which confirmed that C-FES mRNA level paralleled the cell differentiation degree. Also, the expression of BCL-2 and survivin significantly decreased, while the expression of BAX, P21 and P27 was significantly upregulated in HL-60 cells after being treated with 5.0 µmol/L As2O3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As2O3 can significantly suppress cell proliferation, promote the differentiation and induce the apoptosis in HL-60 cells, and the mechanism of As2O3 anti-tumor activity may be involved in the regulation of C-FES, cell cycle and apoptosis-related genes.</p>

Predictive value of serum N-tenninal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in acute myocardial infarction patients for left ventricular remodeling / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the forecasting capability of serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide ( NT-proBNP) level for Left ventricular ( LV) remodeling of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) through observation of the relationship between serum NT-proBNP on the 3rd day and LV remodeling following onset of AMI. Methods Electrochemilumin-escence was adopted to determine the serum NT-proBNP level on the 3rd day after AMI attack for 106 cases of patients with anterior, anteroseptal and anterolateral AMI, with echocardiography performed to detect LV end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) and leftventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) respectively on the 3rd day and 3 months after the attack. Results The serum NT-proBNP level of AMI patients on the 3rd day averaged 1039. 28 (241. 50-1 184. 25) ng/L For AMI patients on the 3rd day and 3 months after, LVDd rose to (53?7) mm (P 0.05) from (53?8) %. NT-proBNP concentration on the 3rd day after AMI onset was positively correlated with△LVDd significantly, r =0. 403 (P 5mm during the 3 months and LVEF at the 3rd month≤40 % , AUC was 0. 893. Conclusion The test results showed serum NT-proBNP level for AMI patients on the 3rd day may be used as one of forecasting indexes of LV remodeling for AMI of advanced stage.