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Objective:To investigate epidemiological features and trends of genital herpes in Zhejiang province, and to provide scientific evidence for developing control strategies.Methods:Data on reported cases of genital herpes in Zhejiang province between 2011 and 2020 were collected from national notifiable infectious disease surveillance system in China Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and a descriptive epidemiological study was conducted.Results:The reported incidence rate of genital herpes in Zhejiang province between 2011 and 2020 ranged from 4.92 per 100 000 to 6.19 per 100 000, without a significant upward or downward trend (trend χ2 = 0.03, P = 0.959) ; the reported incidence rate in females showed an increasing trend (from 4.50 per 100 000 to 6.02 per 100 000, trend χ2 = 5.13, P = 0.034) , with an average annual increase rate of 3.27%; among all the age groups, the sexually active population aged 20 - 39 years showed a high reported incidence rate of genital herpes, but the incidence rate increased significantly in the groups aged 15 - 19 years and over 50 years, with the average annual increase rates being 8.10%, 9.24%,7.81% and 4.27% in the groups aged 15 - 19 years, 50 - 54 years, 55 - 59 years and over 60 years respectively. The largest proportion of cases was found in farmers (28.38%, 8 779/30 931) , and high average annual increase rates in proportions were observed in healthcare workers, retirees, students, unemployed population and cadres (13.71%, 13.14%, 10.74%, 9.36% and 7.00%, respectively) . The reported incidence rates were high (over 5 per 100 000) in Eastern coastal areas such as Ningbo, Wenzhou, Taizhou, as well as Jinhua city with relatively developed industrial economies in central Zhejiang; the reported incidence rate markedly increased in Hangzhou city, with an average annual increase rate of 5.39%. Conclusions:There was no obvious downward trend in the prevalence of genital herpes in Zhejiang province from 2011 to 2020. Attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of genital herpes in females, adolescents and the elderly, and the monitoring of herpes simplex virus infections and investigation of infection routes and exposure history should be strengthened.
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Objective:To analyze spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of syphilis in Zhejiang province from 2016 to 2020, to explore cluster areas of syphilis cases, and to provide a theoretical basis for accurate prevention and control of syphilis.Methods:Data on reported syphilis cases in Zhejiang province from 2016 to 2020 were collected from the notifiable infectious disease surveillance system in China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The ArcGIS10.2 software was used as a data management and presentation platform to establish a database for spatial analysis of syphilis in Zhejiang province from 2016 to 2020, and spatial autocorrelation analysis of reported syphilis incidence was conducted. The SaTScan 9.6 software was used for spatiotemporal scanning analysis.Results:A total of 158 420 cases of syphilis were reported in Zhejiang province from 2016 to 2020, and the average annual reported incidence rate was 49.07 per 100 000 in all counties and districts (range: 20.52 per 100 000-124.29 per 100 000) . The overall spatial distribution pattern of syphilis cases in Zhejiang province was characterized by higher reported syphilis incidence in the West area and lower incidence in the middle area. Global autocorrelation analysis showed that all the global Moran′s I indices from 2016 to 2020 were over 0, Z values were over 1.96, and P values were below 0.001, suggesting the spatial clustering of reported syphilis cases. Local autocorrelation analysis showed that there were 2 high-high clustering areas (Tonglu and Chun′an counties in Hangzhou city, Jingning county in Lishui city) , and 1 low-low clustering area (Jindong district, Dongyang and Yongkang county-level cities in Jinhua city) . Local hot-spot analysis with G statistic showed that there were 6 positive hot-spot areas and 8 negative hot-spot areas of syphilis cases in Zhejiang province. SaTScan spatiotemporal scanning analysis revealed 3 clustering areas, mainly distributed in Taizhou and Zhoushan cities along the eastern coast, and some counties and districts in the southwestern mountainous areas. Conclusions:The reported incidence rate of syphilis in Zhejiang province is characterized by spatial clustering. In the future, prevention and control of syphilis should be strengthened in southwestern mountainous areas, eastern islands, and other remote areas as well as areas with poor transportation.
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Objective@# To assess the implementation of National Leprosy Control Plan (2011-2020) in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into leprosy control. @*Methods@#Leprosy control data were collected from the National Leprosy Management Information System of China, and health administrative sectors, centers for disease control and prevention and professional leprosy control institutions at each level in Zhejiang Province. According to the scheme for the final evaluation of National Leprosy Control Plan (2011-2020), the implementation of 12 indicators in Zhejiang Province in 2020 was investigated, including the current number of leprosy patients, prevalence of leprosy, proportion of training on leprosy control skills, proportion of regular leprosy treatment, proportion of treatment of adverse reactions, annual examination rate of close contacts, proportion of early case identification and awareness of leprosy control knowledge.@*Results@#There were 50 registered leprosy cases in Zhejiang Province by the end of 2020, with a decrease of 50.98% relative to in 2010. The prevalence of leprosy was less than 1/105 in 93 counties (districts) of Zhejiang Province, and the rate of training on leprosy control skills, rate of regular leprosy treatment, rate of treatment of adverse reactions, annual examination rate of close contacts, rate of early case identification were all 100% in Zhejiang Province. There were no new confirmed cases with diagnosis of leprosy having grade 2 deformity or disability, or no new cases with deformity or disability within 2 years following anti-leprosy therapy. In addition, the awareness of leprosy control knowledge was 91.67% among the public and 98.12% among the close contacts. All of the 12 indicators reached the requirements of the National Leprosy Control Plan (2011-2020). @* Conclusions @# The implementation of the National Leprosy Control Plan (2011-2020) in Zhejiang Province had achieved the targets defined in the final evaluation of the plan. Intensifying multi-sectoral joint leprosy prevention and control and improving early identification and standardized therapy of leprosy cases are recommended for future leprosy control in Zhejiang Province.