A systemic review on association between on maternal atmospheric pollution exposure during pregnancy and childhood obesity / 环境与职业医学

Background Maternal atmospheric pollution during pregnancy may alter fetal intrauterine development programming, thereby increasing the risk of childhood obesity in the future. Objective To investigate the effects of atmospheric pollution exposure during pregnancy on the incidence of childhood obesity in offspring. Methods English databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Medline) and Chinese databases (Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP Information Chinese Journal Service Platform) were searched for literature reporting exposure to atmospheric pollution during pregnancy and childhood obesity published from 1 January 2000 to 31 August 2023. The quality of the included literature was evaluated using the quality assessment tools for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies recommended by the US National Institutes of Health. Results Twenty-four studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified and the associated atmospheric pollutants included particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen oxide, carbon oxide, and sulfur oxide. In comparison to the non-exposed group, prenatal exposure to various common atmospheric pollutants were significantly associated with an elevated risk of childhood obesity in offspring. Conclusion Maternal exposure to atmospheric pollution during pregnancy is associated with an elevated risk of childhood obesity in subsequent years. Future studies should pay more attention to the effects of atmospheric pollution on the distribution of children's body fat and metabolic development, and further identify potential mechanisms of atmospheric pollutant exposure leading to childhood obesity.

Correlation between IL-17 gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Han population in southeast Shanxi Province / 实用医学杂志

Objective To determine the correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of IL-17 with type 2 diabetes in Han population in southeastern Shanxi Provincein.Methods The basic information and related clinical data of the subjects were collected of normal healthy controls and T2DM.Whole blood DNA was extracted,and IL-17 polymorphisms(rs2275913,rs3819024,rs4711998 and rs8193036)were analyzed by using a polymerase chain reaction-high temperature ligase reaction.Results There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequency distribution of the four SNP loci of IL-17 gene between the two groups(P>0.05).IL-17 polymorphism was not linked with T2DM in multiple genetic models after controlling for age,BMI,WC,and dyslipidemia(P>0.05).Further analysis showed that the levels of AA genotype was substantially lower of FPG and HOMA-IR levels when compared with the AG and GG genotypes,and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).However,BMI,FINS,HbA1c and HOMA-βwas no statistical significance among the three groups(P>0.05).Besides,WC and HOMA-IR of AA genotype(rs3819024)were notable higher than those of GG genotype in T2DM group(P<0.05).Conclusions The IL-17 gene polymorphisms rs2275913,rs3819024,rs4711998,and rs8193036 in the Han population of southeast Shanxi Province may not be associated with T2DM.In this region Han T2DM patients,AA genotype at rs2275913 of the IL-17 gene is associ-ated to FPG and HOMA-IR,while GG genotype at rs3819024 is related to WC and HOMA-IR,which could be the potential genotype of IL-17 impacting glucose metabolism.

Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infantile Epileptic Spasm Syndrome / 罕见病研究

Infantile epileptic spasm syndrome (IESS) is a new concept proposed recently. IESS is a unique and age-specific refractory epilepsy syndrome. The recent advances in molecular biology, neuroimmunology and the in-depth study of anti-epileptic mechanism in antiepileptic drugs have led to the achievements in the definition and treatment of infantile epileptic spasm. At present, the use of traditional antiepileptic drugs is decreasing, while the use of new antiepileptic drugs is increasing. In this paper, based on the relevant literature in recent years, the authors discuss the pathogenesis, epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, therapeutic drugs, clinical progress, efficacy, and safety of infantile epileptic spasm, hoping to introduce the latest status in research and achievements of IESS.

Factors influencing of the clinical outcome of interventional therapy for complex high-risk indicated coronary artery disease assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To explore the factors influencing the clinical outcome of complex high-risk indicated patients percutaneous coronary intervention (CHIP-PCI) assisted by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Methods:The clinical data of patients with CHIP-PCI assisted by ECMO in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from April 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Patients were divided into the survival and death groups according to the in-hospital survival status. The baseline characteristic, the results of coronary angiography, and the use of ECMO, blood products and drug were compared between the two groups. The 24-h rate of change of biochemical test indicators after the use of ECMO were calculated and the univariate analysis was analyzed using rank sum test. According to the univariate analysis, the variables ( P<0.05) were included in multivariate logistic regression to analyze the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of patients. Results:A total of 67 CHIP patients who completed PCI with ECMO were included. In the survival group ( n=36), the duration of ECMO treatment was 59 (41, 87) h, 9 cases received continuous renal replacement therapy, and 11 cases received IABP. In the death group ( n=31), the duration of ECMO treatment was 31 (19, 80) h, 12 cases received continuous renal replacement therapy and10 cases received IABP. The proportion of patients with chronic total occlusion lesions (CTOs) in the survival group was lower than that in the death group, the duration of ECMO of the survival group was longer than that of the death group ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 24-h lactate change rate ( OR=2.864, 95% CI: 1.185-6.918, P=0.019), 24-h eGFR change rate ( OR=0.050, 95% CI: 0.003-0.871, P=0.040), 24-h D-dimer change rate ( OR=1.497, 95% CI: 1.044-2.146, P=0.028) and 24-h direct bilirubin change rate ( OR=2.617, 95% CI: 1.121-6.111, P=0.026) were associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions:Within 24 h after CHIP-PCI assisted by ECMO, the rapid decline in lactic acid, D-dimer and direct bilirubin, and the rapid recovery of eGFR, are associated with the decreased risk of hospital mortality from CHIP.

Application of the left side hepatic parenchymal transection-first approach in laparoscopic central tumor anatomical hepatectomy / 中华消化外科杂志

Acting as a difficult and high risk procedure in the operation, laparoscopic central tumor anatomical hepatectomy possesses various technical points that shall be noted in the process of application. The choice of laparoscopic approach has been recognized to be one of the key technical links for this technique. According to the anatomical characteristics of the middle lobe of liver and "Easy first" strategy, the authors summarize the laparoscopic central tumor anatomical hepatectomy technology with left side hepatic parenchymal transection-first approach. The left side hepatic parenchymal transection-first approach is found to be simple, fast, safe and effective in operation, which overcomes the challenges of complicated target Glisson pedicle operation and high technical risk of laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy. The approach also better complies with the "no-touch" principle for malignant tumors. Significantly, it exhibits clinical application value in laparoscopic central tumor anatomical hepatectomy.

Progress on early screening and monitoring of neonatal bilirubin levels / 国际儿科学杂志

Jaundice is a leading cause of neonatal admission in the first few weeks of life.Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can cause acute bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus, which currently lacks effective treatment.The primary purpose of screening is timely detection of hyperbilirubinemia requiring intervention in the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.A number of recent studies have shown that bilirubin screening decreased the incidence of extreme hyperbilirubinemia and risk of kernicterus.However, it is also very important to consider the balances of benefits and harms of screening and treatment, and find a convenient and efficient way of screening.This article reviews the studies related to the monitoring and screening of bilirubin in the neonatal period to provide evidence for guiding the rational development of neonatal bilirubin screening and management in clinical work.

New steroidal saponins from aerial parts of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis / 中国中药杂志

The shortage of Paridis Rhizoma promotes comprehensive utilization and development research of waste aerial parts of the original plant. The chemical compositions of the aerial parts of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis were clarified based on the ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupoles time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) in the previous investigation, and a series of flavonoids and steroidal saponins were isolated. The present study continued the isolation and structure identification of the new potential compounds discovered based on UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. By using silica gel, ODS, flash rapid preparation, and other column chromatography techniques, combined with prepared high performance liquid chromatography, five compounds were isolated from the 75% ethanol extract of the aerial parts of P. polyphylla var. chinensis, and their structures were identified by spectral data combined with chemical transformations, respectively, as(23S,25R)-23,27-dihydroxy-diosgenin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(1),(25R)-26-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-furost-5-en-3β,22α,26-triol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),(25R)-27-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5-en-3β,27-dihydroxyspirost-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),(25R)-27-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-5-en-3β,27-dihydroxyspirost-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), and aculeatiside A(5). Among them, compounds 1-4 were new ones, and compound 5 was isolated from P. polyphylla var. chinensis for the first time.

Risk factors for neonatal asphyxia and establishment of a nomogram model for predicting neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture: a multicenter study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and establish a nomogram model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted with 613 cases of neonatal asphyxia treated in 20 cooperative hospitals in Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from January to December 2019 as the asphyxia group, and 988 randomly selected non-asphyxia neonates born and admitted to the neonatology department of these hospitals during the same period as the control group. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for neonatal asphyxia. R software (4.2.2) was used to establish a nomogram model. Receiver operator characteristic curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis were used to assess the discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that minority (Tujia), male sex, premature birth, congenital malformations, abnormal fetal position, intrauterine distress, maternal occupation as a farmer, education level below high school, fewer than 9 prenatal check-ups, threatened abortion, abnormal umbilical cord, abnormal amniotic fluid, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, emergency caesarean section, and assisted delivery were independent risk factors for neonatal asphyxia (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia based on these risk factors was 0.748 (95%CI: 0.723-0.772). The calibration curve indicated high accuracy of the model for predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia. The decision curve analysis showed that the model could provide a higher net benefit for neonates at risk of asphyxia.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The risk factors for neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture are multifactorial, and the nomogram model based on these factors has good value in predicting the risk of neonatal asphyxia, which can help clinicians identify neonates at high risk of asphyxia early, and reduce the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.

18F-FDG PET/CT manifestations of primary systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To observe the 18F-FDG PET/CT manifestations of primary systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma(ALCL).Methods A total of 21 patients with primary systemic ALCL were enrolled,and PET/CT manifestations were observed.Results Among 21 cases of ALCL,there were 15 cases of ALK+and 6 cases of ALK-.Affected lymph nodes in multiple site were observed in 19 cases,mainly located in the neck(n=13),mediastinum(n=12 cases)or retroperitoneum(n=12),while single site affected lymph node was notice in 2 cases.Extranodal organs/site involvements were found in 12 cases,including 6 cases of soft tissue(such as skin,muscles,etc.),4 cases of bone,14 cases of organs,including 4 cases of lung,3 cases of liver,2 cases of pancreas,2 cases of kidney,2 cases of gastrointestinal tract and 1 case of thyroid.Among 21 cases of ALCL,19 with irregular lymph node morphology and fused into clusters,17 with uniform density,3 with necrosis and 1 with calcification.All ALCL lesions in 21 cases showed hypermetabolism,the maximum standard uptake value(SUVmax)and the mean standard uptake value(SUVmean)of the affected lymph node was 17.04±9.94 and 9.96±6.15,respectively,while the metabolic tumor volume(MTV)and total lesion glycolysis(TLG)of all lesions was 92.54(67.61,249.21)cm3 and 723.46(419.78,1 461.17)g,respectively.The maximum diameter of the affected lymph node was not significantly correlated with SUVmax nor SUVmean(both P＞0.05),but positively correlated with MTV and TLG of all lesions(r=0.696,0.767,both P＜0.001).Ann Arbor staging was positively correlated with the maximum diameter,SUVmax and SUVmean of the affected lymph node,also MTV and TLG of all lesions(r=0.467,0.458,0.702,0.780,0.664,all P＜0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT manifestations of primary systemic ALCL were characteristic,with significant changed metabolic parameters,including SUVmax,SUVmean,MTV and TLG.

Multiple Mild Stimulations Reduce Membrane Distribution of CX3CR1 Promoted by Annexin a1 in Microglia to Attenuate Excessive Dendritic Spine Pruning and Cognitive Deficits Caused by a Transient Ischemic Attack in Mice / 神经科学通报·英文版

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) can cause reversible and delayed impairment of cognition, but the specific mechanisms are still unclear. Annexin a1 (ANXA1) is a phospholipid-binding protein. Here, we confirmed that cognition and hippocampal synapses were impaired in TIA-treated mice, and this could be rescued by multiple mild stimulations (MMS). TIA promoted the interaction of ANXA1 and CX3CR1, increased the membrane distribution of CX3CR1 in microglia, and thus enhanced the CX3CR1 and CX3CL1 interaction. These phenomena induced by TIA could be reversed by MMS. Meanwhile, the CX3CR1 membrane distribution and CX3CR1-CX3CL1 interaction were upregulated in primary cultured microglia overexpressing ANXA1, and the spine density was significantly reduced in co-cultured microglia overexpressing ANXA1 and neurons. Moreover, ANXA1 overexpression in microglia abolished the protection of MMS after TIA. Collectively, our study provides a potential strategy for treating the delayed synaptic injury caused by TIA.

Effects and mechanisms of liver cancer cell-derived LC3B + extracellular vesicles on the exhaustion of CD8 + T cells / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the potential molecular mechanisms of liver cancer cell-derived secretory autophagosomes, extracellular vesicles expressing LC3B (LC3B + EVs), in promoting the exhaustion of CD8 + T cells. Methods:The proportions of LC3B + EVs and PD-1 + CD8 + T cells in peripheral blood and ascites of liver cancer patients were measured by flow cytometry. Spearman correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between the proportions of LC3B + EVs and PD-1 + CD8 + T cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors were treated with LC3B + EVs or heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) blocking antibody-pretreated LC3B + EVs for 72 h in the presence of αCD3/CD28 antibodies and IL-2 in vitro. The proportions of PD-1 + CD8 + T and IFN-γ + CD8 + T cells and the concentrations of IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the supernatants were all detected by flow cytometry. Results:The proportions of LC3B + EVs and HSP90α + LC3B + EVs in plasma and ascites from liver cancer patients were significantly higher than those in healthy control group and non-cancerous ascites group. The level of plasma LC3B + EVs, especially HSP90α + LC3B + EVs, was significantly correlated with the percentage of exhausted PD-1 + CD8 + T cells. In addition, LC3B + EVs from human liver cancer cells up-regulated the percentage of exhausted CD8 + T cells in vitro. However, LC3B + EVs pretreated with HSP90α blocking antibody could significantly inhibit LC3B + EVs-induced CD8 + T cell exhaustion. Conclusions:Liver cancer cell-derived LC3B + EVs could effectively induce CD8 + T cell exhaustion mainly through the membrane-bound HSP90α.

Invasive infections related to anti-TNF-α therapy in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease / 国际儿科学杂志

Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α(anti-TNF-α)agents have been widely used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)in children.Anti-TNF-α therapy can effectively induce and maintain disease remission, promote intestinal mucosal healing, and prevent long-term end-stage organ damage and growth retardation in pediatric IBD patient.Anti-TNF-α agents can significantly impair the human immune function, which may increase the infection risk of IBD children, including the infection of bacteria, viruses, fungi and mycobacteria.This study summarizes the current published literature regarding infections in pediatric patients with IBD receiving anti-TNF-α therapies, which can help to improve the cognition of pediatric medical staff on opportunistic infection of pediatric IBD patients following anti-TNF-α treatment.

Analysis of correlation between thyroglobulin and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) with serum thyroglobulin.Methods:Data of 539 patients with papillary thyroid nodule (≤1cm) in Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery of the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University and the Department of Oncology Surgery of Suzhou Municipal Hospital for thyroidectomy were retrospectively analyzed. All of the nodules were classified as TI-RADS 4b with ultrasound. According to the postoperative pathological results, patients were divided into PTMC group (experiment group) and benign tumor group (control group) . The PTMC patients were also divided into lymph node metastasis group (experiment group) and no lymph node metastasis group (control group) based on the cervical lymph node metastasis. Then we analyzed the relationship between thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) , thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) , thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin (Tg) with PTMC and lymph node metastasis by SPSS.Results:Age, TSH, Tg and TgAb were independent risk factors for PTMC, B: -0.020, 0.192, 0.026, 0.008, 95% CI: 0.962-0.998, 1.045-1.404, 1.015-1.038, 1.003-1.014, both P<0.05. The relations between PTMC and TSH, Tg and TgAb were positive, while age was in negative correlation with PTMC. Meanwhile, age and thyroglobulin (Tg) were also independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis in PTMC patients, B: -0.025, 0.014, 95% CI: 0.957-0.994, 1.008-1.021, both P<0.05. Age was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis and Tg was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. Tg level higher than 26.520 ng/ml indicated that the nodule was PTMC (sensitivity: 0.560, specificity: 0.719) , and Tg level higher than 36.695 ng/ml predicted lymph node metastasis in PTMC patients (sensitivity: 0.532, specificity: 0.788) . Conclusion:Tg is a sensitive serum index for identifying PTMC from benign thyroid nodule, and it is also related to lymph node metastasis in PTMC patients.

Effects of continuous light exposure on muscle fiber remodeling and lipid metabolism in mice / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To observe the effects of continuous light exposure on skeletal muscle fiber type transformation and lipid metabolism, and to explore its internal relationship.Methods:Mice were randomly divided into normal light group and 24-hour continuous light group by random number table. The serum and skeletal muscle lipid content and urine 6-sulfatoxymelatonin(6-SML)level were detected by ELISA. The expression of circadian clock and lipid metabolism related genes mRNA were observed by realtime PCR. The muscle fiber type and lipid deposition were evaluated by tissue immunofluorescence as well as oil red O staining.Results:Compared with the normal light group, the level of 6-SML in urine at night decreased( P<0.05), and the expression level and rhythm of brain and muscle ARNT-like protein 1(Bmal1), circadian locomotor output cycles protein kaput(Clock), and period 2(Per2)mRNA in the skeletal muscle changed in continuous light group. In addition, the body weight, blood lipid, free fatty acid, and triglyceride contents of skeletal muscle in continuous light group increased significantly( P<0.05 or P<0.01), the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b (Cpt1b)mRNA, the key enzyme of fatty acid oxidation, decreased significantly( P<0.05), while the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase(Scd1)mRNA, a lipid synthesis related gene, increased significantly( P<0.01). Further immunofluorescence analysis showed that the proportion of slow muscle fibers decreased and that of fast muscle fibers increased in continuous light group(both P<0.05). Conclusion:The process of ectopic deposition of lipid in skeletal muscle in mice induced by continuous light exposure may be related to the remodeling of skeletal muscle fibers.

Separation and structural elucidation of C25 epimers of furostanol saponin from aerial parts of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis / 中国中药杂志

Paris polyphylla var. chinensis(PPC) is used as one of the origin plants of Paridis Rhizoma described in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition). Its resources shortage makes the planting scale gradually expand, and plenty of aerial parts are abandoned because of not being effectively used. On the basis of previous research, this study separated steroidal saponins to further clarify the chemical composition of the aerial parts of PPC. As a result, three pairs of 25R or 25S epimers of furostanol saponins were obtained by various column chromatography techniques. Their structures were identified as neosolanigroside Y6(1), solanigroside Y6(2), neoprotogracillin(3), protogracillin(4), neoprotodioscin(5) and protodioscin(6) by spectral data combining with chemical transformation. Compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 2, 3 and 5 are isolated from Paris plants for the first time. Compounds 4 and 6 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Previously, only several spirostanol glycosides with 25S configuration were isolated from Paris plants. Guided by mass spectrometry, the present study isolated the furostanol saponins with 25S configuration from this genus for the first time, which further enriches the chemical information of Paris genus and provides a reference for the isolation of similar compounds.

Impacts of postoperative radiotherapy on long-term survival of patients with locally advanced biliary tract cancers——a propensity score-matched analysis based on the SEER database / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To explore the impacts of postoperative radiotherapy on long-term survival of the patients with resectable locally advanced (T 3-4and/or N +) biliary tract cancers (BTCs) and to analyze the prognostic factors. Methods:The patients with locally advanced gallbladder cancer ( n=1 922) and the patients with extrahepatic biliary duct cancer ( n=3 408) who received surgical resection during 2006-2016 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database. They were grouped according to different treatment schemes (only surgery and surgery + radiation). The propensity score matching (PSM) method was employed to adjust the differences in baseline prognostic characteristics between patients who received only surgery and those treated with surgery+ radiation. The role of the two treatment schemes on the survival of the patients was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the prognosis factors were assessed using the Cox regression. Results:The 1 174 patients with gallbladder cancers and the 2 144 patients with extrahepatic biliary duct cancer were respectively matched according to propensity scores. The postoperative radiotherapy showed a significant advantage in 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) compared to only surgery for both the patients with gallbladder cancer ( χ2=35.73, P< 0.001) and those with extrahepatic biliary duct cancer ( χ2=9.878, P=0.002). After adjusting related covariates, independent prognostic factors for all the patients included pathological grading, T status, N status, treatment pattern, and age. For the patients with extrahepatic biliary duct cancer, independent prognostic factors also included race and year of diagnosis. The benefits of postoperative radiotherapy were observed in various clinicopathologic characteristics except for the patients with T 1-2 gallbladder cancer and the extrahepatic biliary duct cancer patients with a pathological grade of Ⅰ-Ⅱ and N 0 status or with age ≥ 70. Conclusions:Long-term survival benefits can be gained through postoperative radiotherapy for the patients with resectable locally advanced (T 3-4 and/or N+ ) BTCs. However, adjuvant radiation should be cautiously adopted for the patients with T 1-2 gallbladder cancer and the extrahepatic biliary duct cancer patients with a pathological grade of I-Ⅱ and N 0 status or with age ≥70.

Changes of microRNA-153 expression and its regulatory role in arsenic-induced hepatocytes apoptosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To investigate the changes of microRNA-153 (miR-153) expression and the mechanism of regulating histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase (SET7/9) and histone H3K4 methylation (H3K4me1) in the process of arsenic-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress-related hepatocytes apoptosis.Methods:Human normal hepatocytes (L-02 cells) were cultured in vitro and divided into control, arsenic treatment, arsenic + negative transfection, arsenic + miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups according to different treatment methods. Arsenic+ negative transfection, arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups were transfected with transfection plasmid and transfection reagent according to a certain proportion (3 μg: 8 μl). After 24 h, arsenic treatment, arsenic+ negative transfection, arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups were all treated with 100 μmol/L sodium arsenite (NaAsO 2) as the final concentration for 24 h. The control group was treated with phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of the same volume as NaAsO 2 for 24 h. The expression of miR-153 was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR); cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry; real-time cell dynamic analyzer (RTCA) was used to detect cell proliferation; Western blotting was used to detect the expression of endoplasmic reticulum marker proteins glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), SET7/9 and H3K4me1. Results:The expression levels of miR-153 in each group were significantly different ( F = 10.73, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group [(41.10 ± 6.08)%], the expression level of miR-153 in arsenic treatment group [(4.35 ± 0.20)%] was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05); compared with the arsenic+ negative transfection group [(10.00 ± 2.40)%], the expression level of miR-153 in arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation group [(157.70 ± 42.70)%] was significantly increased ( P < 0.05), and that in arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation group [(4.20 ± 0.28)%] was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the total cell apoptosis rate and G1 phase cell proportion among the five groups ( F = 29.69, 104.32, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the total cell apoptosis rates and G1 phase cell proportions in arsenic treatment, arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups were significantly increased ( P < 0.05); compared with the arsenic+ negative transfection group, the total cell apoptosis rate and G1 phase cell proportion in arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation group were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05), and those in arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05). The difference of cell proliferation rate in each group was statistically significant ( F = 799.35, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the cell proliferation rates in arsenic treatment, arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation and arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation groups were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05); compared with the arsenic+ negative transfection group, the cell proliferation rate in arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation group was significantly increased ( P < 0.05), and that in arsenic+ miR-153 down-regulation group was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05). The protein expression levels of SET7/9, GRP78 and H3K4me1 in each group were significantly different ( F = 78.52, 52.13, 54.32, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the protein expression levels of SET7/9, GRP78 and H3K4me1 in arsenic treatment group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05); compared with the arsenic+ negative transfection group, the protein expression levels of SET7/9, GRP78 and H3K4me1 in arsenic+ miR-153 up-regulation group were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05), and those in arsenic + miR-153 down-regulation group were significantly increased ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:miR-153 plays an important role in arsenic-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress-related hepatocytes apoptosis, the expression and regulation are related to the changes of SET7/9 and H3K4me1 levels.

Effect of miR-125a-5p targeting Scarb1 gene on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of cardiomyocytes and its mechanism / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect and mechanism of miR-125a-5p targeted regulation of scavenger receptor B1 (Scarb1) gene on anoxia/reoxygenation injury of rat cardiomyocytes.@*METHODS@#H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into blank control group, hypoxia/reoxygenation group, transfection control group and mir-125a-5p transfection group. The expression of miR-125a-5p, cardiomyocyte viability, apoptosis rate, ATP content and the expression of Scarb1, Cyt C, Bax, Bcl-2 and NF-κB signaling pathway related proteins were determined. Target gene of miR-125a-5p was predicted with Targetscan software, and the targeting of miR-125a-5p on Scarb1 was verified by double luciferase reporter gene experiment.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the blank control group, the expression of miR-125a-5p, Bax, Cyt C and the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes in the hypoxia/reoxygenation group were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the expression of Scarb1, Bcl-2 and the content of ATP were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the situation of mir-125a-5p transfection group was just the opposite. Double luciferase reporter gene experiment has confirmed Scarb1 to be the target of miR-125a-5p. Hypoxia/reoxygenation can promote the expression of NF-κB p65, C-myc and Cyclin D1 in cardiomyocytes, while down-regulating the expression of miR-125a-5p can inhibit the expression of such proteins.@*CONCLUSION@#Hypoxia/reoxygenation can induce the expression of miR-125a-5p in rat cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of miR-125a-5p can protect cardiomyocytes from hypoxia/reoxygenation by up-regulating the expression of Scarb1. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Expression and clinical significance of N-Myc and p53 in prostate cancer tissues / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To detect the expression of N-Myc and p53 in the tissues of prostate cancer (PCa) patients and to explore the relationship between them and their significance.Methods A total of 63 patients with PCa and 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent prostate surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were recruited in 2015-2016. The expression of N-Myc and p53 in pathological tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry of MaxVision method. Results The expression of N-Myc and p53 in PCa tissues was increased (P < 0.05). The expression of N-Myc and p53 in PCa tissues was correlated with bone metastases and TNM stage (P < 0.05), but not related to patient age, preoperative PSA level and other factors (P> 0.05). In addition, the expression of p53 was also correlated with Gleason score.Conclusion The high expression of N-Myc and p53 in PCa may involved in the malignant progression and metastasis of prostate cancer, and it is expected to become a new target for detecting PCa metastasis.

Effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced autophagy on hepatocyte apoptosis / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To observe the changes of autophagy-related indexes during endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) induced by dithiothreitol (DTT) and its effect on apoptosis in human normal hepatocytes.METHODS:LO2 cells were treated with DTT at 2.0 mmol/L for 0, 6, 12 and 24 h to induce ERS.The expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) , protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) , activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) , C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) , autophagy-related gene 12 (Atg12) , autophagy-related gene 5 (Atg5) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot.The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.The formation of autophagosomes was observed under transmission electron microscope.After the LO2 cells were pretreated with rapamycin at 400 nmol/L for 1 h and treated with DTT at 2.0mmol/L for 24 h, the effect of rapamycin pretreatment on the apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:After treatment with DTT at 2.0 mmol/L for 6, 12 and 24 h, the mRNA and protein levels of GRP78, PERK, ATF4, CHOP, Atg12, Atg5 and LC3 in the LO2 cells were significantly higher than those in 0 h group (P<0.05).At the same time, the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwas also increased after DTT treatment (P<0.05).Observation under transmission electron microscope showed that autophagosomes were found in the LO2 cells treated with DTT for 6, 12 and 24 h.After DTT treatment for 6, 12 and 24 h, the apoptosis rate of LO2 cells was significantly higher than that in DTT 0 h group, while the apoptosis induced by DTT was significantly decreased after rapamycin pretreatment (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:ERS induces autophagy and rapamycin pretreatment alleviates the apoptosis of LO2 cells to some extent.