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Objective@#This study was to investigate the necessity of wearing a cervical collar after single-segment anterior cervical discectomy and decompression.@*Methods@#The experimental methods were used to group the two wards in the same department. There were 54 patients in the experimental group and 48 patients in the control group. The patients in the experimental group did not wear the cervical collar during the postoperative outpatient activities and after discharge. The control group patients wore the cervical collar within 3 months after walking and after discharge. The cervical dysfunction index of the two groups before surgery and 3 months after surgery was compared between the two groups; also vertebral fusion at 6 months postoperatively; and SF-36 (Quality of Life Assessment Scale) scores before surgery and 3 months after surgery.@*Results@#The NDI of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the preoperative NDI (20.62%±1.94% vs 26.06%±2.17%) (t=18.32, P<0.01). The NDI of the control group was 3 months after operation compared with the preoperative NDI (21.30±%1.87% vs26.26%±2.74%) also had a significant decrease (t=16.67, P<0.01). The NDI of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the preoperative NDI (14.97%±1.85%vs26.06%±2.17%) (t=31.93, P<0.01), the NDI of the control group was significantly lower than that of the preoperative NDI (15.98%±1.49% vs26.26%±2.74%) at 6 months after operation (t=24.45, P<0.01). The difference was statistically significant. The SF-36 score in the last 3 months was higher than that in the control group (53.37±9.23 vs 45.77±8.07), and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.40, P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#Compared with the external fixation without neck and neck, the treatment of cervical external fixation does not affect the postoperative treatment effect, and can improve the quality of life of patients.
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Objective This study was to investigate the necessity of wearing a cervical collar after single-segment anterior cervical discectomy and decompression. Methods The experimental methods were used to group the two wards in the same department. There were 54 patients in the experimental group and 48 patients in the control group. The patients in the experimental group did not wear the cervical collar during the postoperative outpatient activities and after discharge. The control group patients wore the cervical collar within 3 months after walking and after discharge. The cervical dysfunction index of the two groups before surgery and 3 months after surgery was compared between the two groups; also vertebral fusion at 6 months postoperatively; and SF-36 (Quality of Life Assessment Scale) scores before surgery and 3 months after surgery. Results The NDI of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the preoperative NDI (20.62%±1.94% vs 26.06%±2.17%) (t=18.32, P<0.01). The NDI of the control group was 3 months after operation compared with the preoperative NDI (21.30 ±% 1.87% vs26.26%±2.74%) also had a significant decrease (t=16.67, P<0.01). The NDI of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the preoperative NDI (14.97%±1.85%vs26.06%±2.17%) (t=31.93, P<0.01), the NDI of the control group was significantly lower than that of the preoperative NDI (15.98% ± 1.49%vs26.26%±2.74%) at 6 months after operation (t=24.45, P<0.01). The difference was statistically significant. The SF-36 score in the last 3 months was higher than that in the control group (53.37±9.23 vs 45.77±8.07), and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.40, P<0.01). Conclusions Compared with the external fixation without neck and neck, the treatment of cervical external fixation does not affect the postoperative treatment effect, and can improve the quality of life of patients.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of Otago exercise program on the elderly′s falls. Methods The relevant randomized controlled trials were searched from PubMed, Web of science, Scopus,CINAHL,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang database. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria two reviewers screened literature, extracted data and assessed the quality of included studies, using Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0 independently. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan5.3. Results Totally 16 randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis showed that Otago exercise program can reduce the incidence of falls(ratio ratio was 0.85,P=0.000 6),improve falls efficacy (standardized mean number difference was 0.67, 0.43, all P<0.05), enhance elderly′ s balance (standardized mean number difference was 0.65,P<0.01)and mobility(mean number difference was-5.46, P=0.000 1),but can′t effectively reduce the incidence of falls related injury(ratio ratio was 0.98,P=0.78). Conclusions Otago exercise program is effective to improve falls efficacy, enhance balance and mobility,reduce the incidence of falls.It is suggested to promote clinical use.
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Objective Investigate the current situation of emergency nurses' perception of hospital safety climate in tertiary hospitals. MethodsA total of 866 emergency nurses from 114 hospitals in 29 provinces,municipalities and autonomous re.gions were randomly selected,and the self-designed general information questionnaire and Chinese version of the hospital safety climate scale were used to investigate. ResultsThe overall hospital safety climatel was(3.97+0.61). Univariate analysis of variance showed that there were statistically significant differences in the hospital safe.ty climate of emergency nurses with educational background and employment form (P<0.05). ConclusionThe e-mergency nurses have a better sense of the overall hospital safety climate,but the obstruction of' the safety work and the cleanliness and neatness of the. working: environment need to be improved. Therefore,il is suggested Lhal the construction of hospital safety climate should be further strengthened in the rational allocation of human re-sources and emergency working environment.
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Objective To explore the factors influencing emergency staff′ compliance with standard precautions in the tertiary hospitals, in order to provide a theoretical basis for improving the standard precautions. Methods Using qualitative research method, eight focus groups were conducted with emergency staff in the tertiary hospitals in China from October to December in 2015. Interview data were imported into Nvivo10.0 qualitative analysis software, using content analysis method for its collation and analysis. Results Factors that affect the standard precautions compliance were grouped into five themes: availability and practicality of protective equipment, organizational climate, safety awareness, obstructive elements to the behavior, and trigger elements to the behavior. Conclusions Standard precautions compliance of emergency medical staff is affected by many factors, management departments should actively build a good professional environment and reinforce safety awareness of the emergency staff.
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Kenaf stalk was pretreated by the white-rot fungus Pleurotus sajor-caju incubated in solid-state kenaf stalk cultivation medium. Delignification and subsequent enzymatic saccharification and fermentation of kenaf stalk were investigated in order to evaluate effects of microbial pretreatment on bioconversion of kenaf lignocellulose to fuel ethanol production. The highest delignification rate of 50.20% was obtained after 25-35 days cultivation by P. sajor-caju, which could improve subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of kenaf cellulose. And the saccharification rate of pretreated kenaf stalk reached 69.33 to 78.64%, 4.5-5.1 times higher than the control. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) with microbial-pretreatment kenaf stalk as substrate was performed. The highest overall ethanol yield of 68.31% with 18.35 to 18.90 mg/mL was achieved after 72 h of SSF.