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Rotator cuff injury often leads to shoulder pain and dysfunction. For the injured rotator cuff tendon without continuous interruption, conservative treatment is often used. However, the shoulder is used frequent in daily life, which makes that the rotator cuff injury generally shows gradual aggravation and eventually progresses to complete tear due to poor blood supply of the rotator cuff tendon tissue and weak repair ability. In order to reverse the pathophysiological changes after rotator cuff injury and promote the repair of injured rotator cuff tendon, a series of conservative treatments for rotator cuff injury have been explored. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is one of the representative treatments, but its molecular biological mechanism in promoting rotator cuff repair is still unclear. Therefore, the authors review the progress of ESWT for rotator cuff injury from aspects of the molecular biological mechanism and clinical application status, so as to provide a reference for future researches and clinical application of ESWT.
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Objective:To compare dosimetric and radiobiological parameters between automatic and manual uARC plans in the treatment of esophageal cancer patients, aiming to provide reference for clinical application.Methods:High-quality uARC plans of 100 patients with esophageal cancer were selected, and the mean values of the dosimetric parameters in the target area and organs at risk (OAR) were counted, and the goal table of uRT-TPOIS intelligent plan was established. Automatic and manual uARC plans were generated with UIH (United Imaging) treatment planning system (TPS) for 21 esophageal cancer patients. The differences in mean dose (D mean), approximate minimum (D 98%) and maximum (D 2%) dose of planning target volume (PTV), homogeneity index (HI) and conformity index (CI), dose of OAR, mean planning time, monitor unit (MU), tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) were compared between automatic and manual uARC plans. Normally distributed data between two groups were compared by paired t-test, and non-normally distributed data were assessed by nonparametric Wilcoxon test. Results:The D 98% (PTV 60 Gy: P<0.001, PTV 54 Gy: P=0.001) , CI (PTV 60 Gy: P<0.001, PTV 54 Gy: P=0.002) and target volume of area covered by prescription dose (V 54 Gy: P<0.001) of the automatic uARC plans were better than those of manual uARC plans (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in D mean or HI between the two plans [PTV 54 Gy (59.32±1.87) Gy vs. (59.13±1.64) Gy, (0.19±0.02) vs. (0.18±0.02), all P>0.05]. The D mean and D max of spinal cord of the automatic plan were better than those of the manual plan [(13.22±4.27) Gy vs. (13.75±4.44) Gy, P=0.020 and (36.99±1.67) Gy vs. (38.14±1.31) Gy, P=0.011]. There was no significant difference in the mean dose of V 20 Gy of the lung between two plans ( P>0.05), whereas the mean doses of V 5 Gy and V 10 Gy of the lung of the manual plan were less than those of the automatic plan ( both P<0. 001). Automatic uARC plan had a significantly shorter mean planning time than manual uARC plan [(11.79±1.71) min vs. (53.36±8.23) min, P<0.001]. MU did not significantly differ between two plans [(762.84±74.83) MU vs. (767.41±80.63) MU, P>0.05]. The TCP of the automatic plan was higher than that of the manual plan (PTV 60 Gy 89.15%±0.49% vs. 86.75%±6.46%, P=0.004 and PTV 54 Gy 79.79%±3.48% vs. 77.51%±5.04%, P=0.006). However, manual plan had a lower NTCP of the lung than automatic uARC plan (0.46%±0.40% vs. 0.35%±0.32%, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in NTCP of heart and spinal cord between two plans (all P>0.05). Conclusion:It is feasible to generate automatic uARC plan with uRT-TPOIS TPS for esophageal cancer patients, which can increase the target CI and shorten the plan design time.
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OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the factors related to pregnancy of endometriosis and whether Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) can improve pregnancy outcomes in patients with endometriosis in long-term management.@*METHODS@#This multicenter cohort study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of endometriosis patients with fertility needs from January 2019 to November 2019. A total of 252 patients with endometriosis from 5 level-III Grade A hospitals in Beijing were included in this study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for the relevant factors. The propensity score matching (PSM) function of SPSS software was used to match the CHMs group with the non-CHMs group. The pregnancy rate and live birth rate were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The results of univariate analysis showed that age, disease course, presence of infertility, presence of adenomyosis, time after surgery or use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a), use of CHMs and follow-up time were influencing factors of pregnancy in endometriosis patients (P<0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that age, presence of adenomyosis, time after surgery or use of GnRH-a, use of CHMs and follow-up time were independent factors affecting pregnancy in endometriosis patients, among which, age ⩾35 years old, presence of adenomyosis and follow-up time >6 months were independent risk factors (OR=0.445, 0.348, 0.140, respectively, P<0.05), time after surgery or use of GnRH-a ⩽6 months and use of CHMs were independent protective factors (OR=3.839, 3.842, respectively, P<0.05). After PSM, 99 pairs of two groups were matched successfully. The pregnancy rate of the CHMs group was higher than that of the non-CHMs group [55.56% (55/99) vs. 36.36% (36/99), P<0.05]. The live birth rate of the CHMs group was higher than that of the non-CHMs group [49.49% (49/99) vs. 35.35% (35/99), P<0.05].@*CONCLUSION@#CHMs can effectively improve clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of patients with endometriosis in the chronic disease management.
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Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Resultado da Gravidez , Endometriose/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos de Coortes , Adenomiose , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina , Extratos Vegetais , Fertilização in vitroRESUMO
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines containing Hirudo in the treatment of atherosclerosis(AS) by network Meta-analysis, and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment of AS. The clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT) on the treatment of atherosclerosis with Chinese patent medicines containing Hirudo were searched in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed and EMbase from the establishment of the databases to July 1, 2022. And data extraction and quality assessment of the included RCT was performed according to the Cochrane standards. Stata 17 and ADDIS 1.16.5 were then used for Bayesian model network Meta-analysis. Finally, 67 RCTs with a total sample size of 6 826 cases were included, 3 569 cases in the experimental group and 3 257 cases in the control group, involving three oral Chinese patent medicines. Network Meta-analysis showed that in terms of reducing intima-media thickness(IMT), the top three Chinese patent medicines were Tongxinluo Capsules+sta-tins>Maixuekang Capsules+statins>Maixuekang Capsules. In terms of reducing plaque area, the top one was Maixuekang Capsules+sta-tins, and the other Chinese patent medicines had similar efficacy. For lowering AS Crouse scores, the top three were Maixuekang Capsules>Tongxinluo Capsules+statins>Naoxintong Capsules. For decreasing plaque number, the top three were Naoxintong Capsules+sta-tins>Tongxinluo Capsules+statins>Tongxinluo Capsules. With regard to adverse reactions/events, Naoxintong Capsules+statins had the lo-west incidence. In conclusion, in Chinese patent medicines containing Hirudo for the treatment of AS, Tongxinluo Capsules+statins, Maixuekang Capsules, Maixuekang Capsules+statins, and Naoxintong Capsules+statins were the primary choices to reduce IMT, AS Crouse scores, plaque area, and plaque number, respectively. The efficacy of Chinese patent medicines containing Hirudo with or without statins was more significant than that of statins alone in the four outcome indexes. Additionally, the treatment of AS should be evaluated comprehensively, and attention should be paid to Chinese patent medicines or their combination with western medicine, to optimize the treatment effect and minimize adverse reactions as the benchmark.
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Humanos , Metanálise em Rede , Medicamentos sem Prescrição/uso terapêutico , Cápsulas , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases , Teorema de Bayes , Espessura Intima-Media Carotídea , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Aterosclerose/tratamento farmacológico , Medicina Tradicional ChinesaRESUMO
Objective:To investigate the effect of phloroglucinol combined with sufentanil on catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) during anesthesia recovery in patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer under general anesthesia.Methods:A total of 95 lung cancer patients from the Cangzhou Central Hospital from May 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into a control group (47 cases) and an observation group (48 cases) using a random number table method. The control group received intravenous injection of sufentanil approximately 15 minutes before the end of the surgery, while the observation group received intravenous injection of phloroglucinol combined with sufentanil. The recovery progress, lung function, relevant serum indicators, and occurrence of CRBD within 4 hours after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results:The observation group had shorter eye opening, free breathing, and extubation times than the control group (all P<0.05). Compared with before surgery, there were significant fluctuations in forced vital capacity (FVC), oxygenation index (OI), and partial oxygen pressure (PaO 2) during anesthesia resuscitation and 1 day after surgery in both groups (all P<0.05); The fluctuation amplitude of FVC, OI, and PaO 2 during anesthesia resuscitation and 1 day after surgery in the observation group was significantly smaller than that in the control group (all P<0.05). Compared with before surgery, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) increased and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) decreased in both groups on the first day after surgery (all P<0.05); The HIF-1α of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group on the first day after surgery, and the BDNF was significantly higher than that of the control group (all P<0.05). The comparison of the incidence of CRBD between the two groups at 4 hours after surgery showed that the observation group [12.50%(6/48)] was lower than the control group [31.91%(15/47)] (χ 2=4.286, P<0.05). Conclusions:The combination of phloroglucinol and sufentanil in general anesthesia patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer can reduce the occurrence of CRBD during anesthesia recovery, reduce the impact on lung function and serum HIF-1α and BDNF levels, and facilitate patient recovery.
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Objective:To explore the application effect of pneumatic limb circulation promoting device in postoperative swelling reduction of lower limb fracture.Methods:A total of 48 patients with lower limb fractures who admitted to hospital were selected.According to the random number table method,they were divided into an observation group(n=24)and a control group(n=24).All patients received routine rehabilitation treatment,and the control group conducted routine swelling reduction treatment,and the observation group used LymphaTouch device to conduct swelling reduction treatment.The visual analogue scale(VAS)was applied to compare the change of pain intensities of two groups between before and after treatment,and the modified Barthel index was used to evaluate the ability of daily living,and the simplified formula for evaluating quality of life(short form-36,SF-36)was used to evaluate the life quality of patient.The differences of the muscle circumferences between two groups after treatment were compared,and the swelling conditions of affected limbs of the patients were evaluated.And then,the incidences of complications of two groups were compared.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in VAS scores between the two groups of patients before and 3 days after treatment,and the VAS scores of two groups of patients decreased significantly at the 5th d and 7th day after treatment(t=26.046,t=25.255,P<0.05).The differences of the difference values of muscle circumferences of the two groups of patients between before and 3 days after treatment were not statistically significant.The difference values of muscle circumferences of the two groups of patients decreased at the 5th d and 7th day after treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(t=26.046,t=25.255;P<0.05),respectively.After treatment,the modified Barthel indexes and SF-36 scores increased in both groups of patients,and the observation group was significantly higher than the control group,with a statistically significant difference(t=2.970,t=3.433,P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was significant(x2=4.550,P<0.05).Conclusion:The addition of pneumatic limb circulation promoting device after the surgery of lower limb fracture and the application of LymphaTouch device in treatment can relieve the intensity of postoperative pain and the degree of limb swelling,and improve the ability of daily life and quality of life,and reduce the incidence of complications of patients.
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The spatiotemporal distribution of growth factors in bone tissue-engineered repair and reconstruction is critical. Growth factors can be used in bone tissue engineering through different encapsulation methods. Different encapsulation methods make growth factors have different release kinetics. At present, the common physical entrapment, easily degradable carrier and simple spatial structure usually result in poor sustained release of growth factors by burst release. The optimization of release methods of growth factors enables their release at different times and spaces in a biomimetric manner, which is conducive to improving the effect of tissue repair and avoiding the adverse effects of excessive factors. Starting from the necessity of spatiotemporal sustained release of growth factors, the authors summarize growth factors can attain spatiotemporal sustained release by being directly immobilized on the surface of the carrier, encapsulated in the carrier, encapsulated in the microparticles and encapsulated in the carrier by the microparticles and review the spatiotemporal sustained release of growth factors in different encapsulation methods, so as to provide a reference for optimizing spatiotemporal release of growth factor in bone tissue engineering.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of early arthroscopic shoulder treatment of moderate full-thickness tear of the supraspinatus tendon.Methods:A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 43 patients with moderate full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tear admitted to First Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University from January 2018 to June 2020,including 17 males and 26 females,aged from 41 to 68 years[(55.9±8.2)years]. All patients had arthroscopic shoulder supraspinatus tendon suture and acromioplasty,including 22 patients underwent surgery within 1 month after persistent shoulder pain and motion limitation in early group and 21 patients between 1 month and 3 months in late group. The duration of operation and intraoperative blood loss were recorded. The visual analogue scale(VAS),American Shoulder and Elbow Society(ASES)score and Constant-Murley score were assessed before operation and at postoperative 3 weeks,6 weeks,3 months and 6 months. The complications were detected with 6 months after operation. Results:All patients were followed up for 6-7 months[(6.4±0.4)months]. There was no statistical significance in operation duration and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups( P>0.05). At 3 weeks,6 weeks,3 months and 6 months after operation,there showed significant decrease of VAS but significant increase of ASES and Constant-Murley scores compared to preoperation( P<0.05). At 3 weeks and 6 weeks after operation,the VAS in early group[(4.4±0.9)points,(3.7±0.8)points]was lower than that in late group[(5.5±1.0)points,(4.8±1.1)points];while the ASES score[(49.1±4.6)points,(56.8±4.1)points]and Constant-Murley score[(54.1±4.8)points,(64.1±4.4)points]in early group were higher than those in late group[ASES score:(45.2±5.4)points,(50.3±5.4)points;Constant-Murley score:(50.5±3.3)points,(58.2±3.9)points]( P<0.05). At 3 months and 6 months after operation,the two groups showed no statistical significance in these scores. There were no postoperative complications such as infection or nerve injury in both group within 6 months. Conclusion:For moderate full-thickness tear of the supraspinatus tendon,arthroscopic shoulder surgery performed within 1 month after persistent shoulder pain and motion limitation can achieve better pain relief and faster functional rehabilitation in the short term compared with surgery performed 1-3 months later.
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The rotator cuff injury is a kind of chronic tendon disease related to overuse injury. The main clinical manifestations of this disease include shoulder pain and dysfunction,which seriously affects people 's life quality and work capability. Although previous studies have shown that inflammation and de- generation of collagen matrix are closely related to the occurrence and development of this disease,the pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear. In this study,the authors review the pathologic mechanisms of rotator cuff injuries from aspects of oxidative stress,inflammation,macrophage and non-coding RNA so as to provide a reference for subsequent research and treatment.
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Objective:To explore the effective components, targets, and possible mechanisms of Wenshen Yangxue prescription in improving endometrial receptivity of aged female mice based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. Method:Based on Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (BATMAN-TCM) and Integrative Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the components and targets of Wenshen Yangxue prescription were retrieved, and the targets of ovulatory dysfunctional infertility were collected from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and GeneCards with "anovulatory sterility" and "anovulatory infertility" as keywords. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on STRING and the core targets of Wenshen Yangxue prescription against ovulatory dysfunctional infertility were screened by Cytoscape, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment of the core targets in DAVID database. Then, the "medicinal-component-target-pathway" network was established and the core targets were verified by animal experiment. Result:A total of 253 components and 326 targets of Wenshen Yangxue prescription, 819 disease targets, and 74 common targets were screened out. The common targets were mainly involved in the biological processes such as positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process, positive regulation of cell proliferation, response to estradiol, aging, response to oxidative stress, and angiogenesis. The GO term of response to oxidative stress and five of the top 20 KEGG pathways were analyzed. According to the "medicinal-component-target-biological process/pathway" network, 41 chemical components in 20 medicinals participated in hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, forkhead box O (FOXO) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor (TLR) signal pathway, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway by affecting 35 targets. The results of animal experiment showed that the prescription could increase the expression of PI3K, phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K), Akt, phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), forkhead box O3A (FoxO3A), and phosphorylated FoxO3A (p-FoxO3A) in uterus of aged female ICR mice. Conclusion:Wenshen Yangxue prescription interferes with oxidative stress and PI3K/Akt/FoxO3A signaling pathway by influencing Akt1, dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and other targets, thereby improving endometrial receptivity of aged female mice.
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Objective:To observe the effect of Zikun decoction (ZKD) in treatment of Yin deficiency and blood dryness in delayed menorrhea due to decreasing ovarian reservation.Method:A total of 60 cases were randomly divided into two groups.The observation group was given ZKD orally,and the control group was treated with complex packing estradiol tablets/estradiol and dydrogestero for three months.The control group began to take medicine on the first day of menstruation for 28 days, while the observation group began to take medicine on the fifth day of menstruation, and stopped taking medicine on the first day of the next menstruation. Three menstrual cycles were followed up. The clinical syndrome scores, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), inhibin B (INHB), FSH/LH, Estradiol (E2), anti-müllerian hormone (AMH), and antral follicle count (AFC) scores of the patients before and after treatment were compared.Result:After treatment, there was no significant difference in clinical efficiency between observation group and control group, but the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score of observation group was significantly reduced (P<0.05), observation group and control group had the same curative effect in improvement of FSH, FSH/LH, AMH and AFC (P<0.05), but ZKD was better than complex packing estradiol tablets/estradiol and dydrogestero in improvement of INHB.Conclusion:ZKD has a good treatment effect in the treatment of DOR. It can effectively improve patients' sex hormone levels, increase antral follicle count, improve the ovarian reserve function and promote menstruation.
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Overexpression of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) in cancer cells is known to cause multidrug resistance (MDR), which severely limits the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy. Currently, there is no FDA-approved MDR modulator for clinical use. In this study, rociletinib (CO-1686), a mutant-selective epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), was found to significantly improve the efficacy of ABCG2 substrate chemotherapeutic agents in the transporter-overexpressing cancer cells and in MDR tumor xenografts in nude mice, without incurring additional toxicity. Mechanistic studies revealed that in ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells, rociletinib inhibited ABCG2-mediated drug efflux and increased intracellular accumulation of ABCG2 probe substrates. Moreover, rociletinib, inhibited the ATPase activity, and competed with [I] iodoarylazidoprazosin (IAAP) photolabeling of ABCG2. However, ABCG2 expression at mRNA and protein levels was not altered in the ABCG2-overexpressing cells after treatment with rociletinib. In addition, rociletinib did not inhibit EGFR downstream signaling and phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Our results collectively showed that rociletinib reversed ABCG2-mediated MDR by inhibiting ABCG2 efflux function, thus increasing the cellular accumulation of the transporter substrate anticancer drugs. The findings advocated the combination use of rociletinib and other chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer patients with ABCG2-overexpressing MDR tumors.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine (CM) improving pregnancy outcomes after surgery for endometriosis-associated infertility.@*METHODS@#A multicenter, randomized, double-blind placebo parallel controlled clinical trial was designed. A total of 202 patients who had laparoscopy for endometriosis-associated infertility with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome were included and randomly divided into the CM treatment group and placebo control group at a ratio of 1:1 using a central block randomization from May 2014 to September 2017, 101 patients in each group. The two groups received continuous intervention at 1-5 days after surgery, for 6 menstrual cycles. Before ovulation, the CM group was treated Huoxue Xiaoyi Granule (); after ovulation, Bushen Zhuyun Granule ( was involved. The control group was treated with placebo. Transvaginal ultrasonography was performed every menstrual cycle during the treatment, and female hormone levels in the follicular and luteal phases were measured during the 1st, 3rd and 6th menstrual cycles. The analysis was continued until pregnancy. The primary outcomes were clinical pregnancy rate and pregnancy outcome, and the secondary outcomes were follicular development and endometrial receptivity. Safety evaluations were performed before and after treatment.@*RESULTS@#(1) Clinical pregnancy and live birth rates: the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates of the CM group were significantly higher than those of the placebo group [44.6% (45/101) vs. 29.7% (30/101), 34.7% (35/101) vs. 20.8% (21/101), both P0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Strategies for activating blood circulation-regulating Gan (Liver)-tonifying Shen (Kidney) sequential therapy can effectively improve the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate of endometriosis-associated infertility with qi stagnation and blood stasis after laparoscopy, improve follicular development, promote ovulation, improve endometrial receptivity, while being a safe treatment option. (Trial registration No. NCT02676713).
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Objective To investigate the application of CT image and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image registration based on 3D Slicer software in image-guided radiotherapy for uterine cervical neoplasms. Methods Based on 3D Slicer software and Slicer RT toolkit, 10 positioning CT images and 50 CBCT images of 10 patients with uterine cervical neoplasms in Henan Provincial People's Hospital between January 2018 and October 2018 had rigid registration and b-spline deformation registration respectively. The dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and Hausdorff distance (HD) of the bladder, rectum, femoral head, spinal cord, and body of CT-CBCT images were compared by using paired t-test before and after the registration. Results Pre-registration, rigid registration and after b-spline deformation registration of CT images and CBCT images, the DSC in the bladder (0.459±0.177, 0.528±0.184, 0.542±0.187, respectively), the rectum (0.564±0.141, 0.632±0.091, 0.684±0.097, respectively), the femoral head (0.695±0.088, 0.833± 0.030, 0.865±0.027, respectively), the spinal cord (0.587±0.119, 0.746±0.085, 0.834±0.032, respectively) and the body surface (0.922±0.013, 0.948±0.011, 0.959±0.009, respectively) showed an increased trend; HD in the bladder (12.8±7.2, 12.2±7.1, 11.7±7.3, respectively), the rectum (5.0±1.8, 4.4±1.2, 3.4±1.2, respectively), the femoral head (3.6±1.2, 1.8±0.5, 1.5 ±0.5, respectively), the spinal cord (4.0 ±1.0, 2.7 ±1.3, 1.8 ±0.5, respectively) and the body surface (6.3±2.1, 5.2±2.0, 4.3±2.0, respectively) showed a decreased trend. The differences of pairwise comparison in the same parts were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Both rigid registration and b-spline deformation registration of CT-CBCT images based on 3D Slicer softwarecan improve the radiotherapy accuracy of uterine cervical neoplasms, and b-spline deformation registration has more significant advantages.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the anti-inflammatory effect and its mechanism of the extract of Dcsmodium microphyllum, so as to provide experiment reference for further study of D. microphyllum. METHODS: Acute inflammatory model was established by xylene,glacial acetic acid and carrageenan. Using dexamethasone as positive control (0.005 g/kg), inhibitory effects of intragastric different doses of the extract of D. microphyllum (50, 30, 15 g/kg) on xylene-induced ear swelling in normal mice and adrenalectomized mice, glacial acetic acid-induced permeability increasing of abdominal capillaries in normal mice, carrageenan- induced paw swelling in normal mice and adrenalectomized mice were investigated. The levels of MDA, SOD and NO in the inflammatory tissue of toes of adrenalectomized mice were detected in carrageenan-induced inflammation model. Blank group was set for control (ig. equal volumn of water). RESULTS: Compared with blank group, ear swelling degree of normal mice and adrenalectomized mice were decreased significantly in D. microphyllum extract high-dose and medium-dose groups while inhibitory rate of ear swelling was increased significantly; the permeability of abdominal capillaries of normal mice was significantly decreased in D. microphyllum extract groups; the swelling degree of toes in normal mice of D. microphyllum extract high-dose and middle-dose groups and adrenalectomized mice were significantly decreased while inhibitory rate of toe swelling was increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The levels of MDA and NO in the toe inflammatory site of adrenalectomized mice were decreased significantly in D. microphyllum extract high-dose and medium-dose groups, while the level of SOD was increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: D. microphyllum extract can inhibit acute inflammation in mice significantly. Its anti-inflammatory mechanism is associated with decreasing MDA and NO while increasing SOD levels, and the anti-inflammatory effect does not depend on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis system.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for simultaneous determination of gallic acid, cinnamic acid and catechin in 3 processed products of Rheum officinale. METHODS: RP-HPLC method was established. The determination was performed on Thermo ScientificTM Hypersil GOLD Dim column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 278 nm, and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS: The linear range of gallic acid, cinnamic acid and catechin were 0.126 2-1.262 0 μg(r=0.999 9), 0.036 2-0.362 0 μg(r=0.999 9) and 0.177 9-1.779 4 μg(r=0.999 8), respectively. Quantitative limits were 25.4, 28.2, 62.5 ng, and detection limits were 6.2, 3.6, 11.8 ng, respectively. RSDs of precision, stability, repeatability and durability tests were all less than 3%. The recoveries ranged from 94.64%-102.71%(RSD=2.74%, n=9), 95.35%-102.49%(RSD=2.44%, n=9), 93.56%-103.66%(RSD=3.27%, n=9). The determination results showed that the contents of gallic acid and cinnamic acid in prepared R. officinale were higher, and the order of both were prepared R. officinale>steamed R. officinale>raw R. officinale. The content of catechin in raw R. officinale was higher, and the order of it was raw R. officinale> steamed R. officinale>prepared R. officinale. CONCLUSIONS: The method is sensitive, reliable and reproducible. It can be used to determine the contents of gallic acid, cinnamic acid and catechins in 3 processed products of R. officinale simultaneously.
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Objective To assess the prognostic value of HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor-2) somatic mutations S310F and V777L in breast cancer patients.Methods HER2 somatic mutations S310F and V777L was screened in 338 consecutive patients with operable primary breast cancer using direct Sanger sequencing analysis.Results A total of 12 carriers of HER2 gene S310F and V777L mutations were found,10 were HER2-negative and 2 were HER2-positive.The median follow-up was 43 months (range from 1 to 61 months).4 were found with local or distant metastasis,and all were HER2-negative patients.Survival analysis found significantly lower survival rates in patients with S3 10F and V777L mutations than in non-carriers (RFS,unadjusted hazard ratio [HR]:5.89,95% confidence interval [CI]:1.96-17.71,P < 0.001;DRFS,unadjusted HR:5.53,95% CI:1.56-19.55,P =0.003) and this difference was more manifest in the HER2-negative patients (RFS,unadjusted HR:8.93,95% CI:2.79-28.62,P < 0.001;DRFS,unadjusted HR:9.89,95% CI:2.54-38.49,P < 0.001).HER2 somatic mutations S310F and V777L are independent predictors of poor prognosis in breast cancer.Conclusion The prognosis of breast cancer patients carrying HER2 somatic mutations S310F and V777L is significantly worse than that of non-carriers,especially in HER2-negative patients.
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Primary lesions unknown metastatic cancer ( CUP) is a class of histopathologically confirmed metastases. However,a variety of clinical diagnosis and treatment can not clear the primary tumor. The identifica-tion of tumor primary site is the first step in the diagnosis of CUP. The histopathology,immunohistochemistry and PET /CT are commonly used clinical diagnosis and treatment. Gene expression profiling technique is a new meth-od for the diagnosis of primary tumor in recent years. It has high diagnostic accuracy,sensitivity and specificity, and is expected to achieve individual treatment of patients with CUP.
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BACKGROUND: Corneal repair materials can be used as an alternative of human donor corneas to repair corneal injuries, but their evaluation of effectiveness is necessary before entering clinical trials. Unfortunately, there is no standardized method for effectiveness evaluation until now. OBJECTIVE: To establish and validate a corneal fungal infection model in rabbits and the corneal transplantation method. METHODS: Twelve New Zealand White rabbits were selected to establish a corneal fungal infection model in the left eye (experimental) and a normal control in the right eye. Two weeks after modeling, acellular porcine corneal stroma was transplanted into the left eye. After transplantation, slit lamp microscope test, corneal thickness detection, intraocular pressure measurement, confocal microscopy test and optical coherence tomography were performed. Then the degree of transparency, degree of epithelium healing, degree of edema, degree of corneal neovascularization and degree of material thawing were evaluated. The corneal pathological sections with hematoxylin-eosin staining were observed at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The corneal thickness increased significantly at 1 month after transplantation, varied slightly within 3-6 months, and became close to the normal value at 1 year. (2) The intraocular pressure of the left eye was close to normal eyes. (3) Findings from the optical coherence tomography showed that the repair materials fit well with the implantation bed at 7 days after transplantation; the transplanted area was fully covered with epithelial cells at 6 months after transplantation, and the uniform thickness of the repair material in the transplanted area was detected; the grafted cornea was restored to normal cornea at 1 year after transplantation. (4) Under the confocal microscope, the repair materials in the transplanted area were evenly spread at 1 month after transplantation; few cells migrated into the transplanted area at 6 months after transplantation; the density of epithelial cells was increased, and there were migrated cells in the transplanted cells, but the cell number was less than that of normal eyes at 1 year after transplantation. (5) The corneal repair material was almost completely transparent at 1 year after transplantation, indicating its effectiveness in the treatment of infectious corneal ulcers. No rejection occurred, indicating that the corneal healing material is well-curative. (6) At 3 months after transplantation, a large number of stromal cells migrated to the corneal substitute, and the collagen fibers in the transplanted area were arranged neatly and densely without obvious scarring and degradation. At 6 months after transplantation, the transplanted area basically recovered. At 1 year after transplantation, the transplanted area was fully restored to the normal cornea state with good biocompatibility. Our experimental findings indicate that the rabbit model of corneal fungal infection and the corneal transplantation method can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of such corneal materials.
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Objective To explore the effects of postoperative compression cryotherapy at different durations on patients underwent shoulder joint arthroscopy. Methods Sixty patients underwent shoulder joint arthroscopy were divided into 3 study groups by random digits table method: group 1 (20 cases), group 2(20 cases),group 3(20 cases).The study populations with routine care were offered compression cryotherapy at different durations:group1 was managed with 30 mins postoperative cryotherapy every 8 h within 24 h, group2 with the same treatment within 48 h, group 3 within 72 h. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)was used to assess preoperative as well as postoperative pains,and perimeters of three parts(20 cm and 25 cm above lateral epicondyle of humerus,and armpit)were measured to assess swelling at different durations-preoperatively and 24,48,72 h after operation. Results There was no significant difference in the scores of VAS at 24 h after operation among three groups(P>0.05).The score of VAS at 48 h after operation in group 1,group 2,group 3 was(3.65±1.23),(2.65±1.50),(1.80±1.11)points,and there was significant difference(F=6.838,P=0.002),a further comparison,there was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).The score of VAS at 72 h after operation in group 1,group 2,group 3 was(3.50± 1.10),(2.65±1.50),(2.05±1.10)points,and there was significant difference(F=10.366,P=0.000),a further comparison, there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the swelling of 20 cm and 25 cm above lateral epicondyle of humerus, and armpit at 24 h after operation among three groups(F=1.208, 2.097, 0.427, P>0.05). There was significant difference in the swelling of 20 cm and 25 cm above lateral epicondyle of humerus,and armpit at 48 h after operation among three groups(F=15.577, 17.128, 5.109, P<0.05), a further comparison, there was significant difference between group 1 and group 2, group 1 and group 3(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between group 2 and group 3(P>0.05).There was significant difference in the swelling of 20 cm and 25 cm above lateral epicondyle of humerus,and armpit at 72 h after operation among three groups(F=24.159, 20.963, 8.496, P<0.05), a further comparison, there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions 72 h postoperative compression cryotherapy for patients underwent shoulder joint arthroscopy can be the most statistically significant factor to alleviate pain and swelling effectively,beneficial to early functional exercise and shoulder joint recovery.