RESUMO
【Objective】 To investigate the effects of polybutylene terephthalate(PBT) grafted with various monomers, such as acrylic acid(AA), acrylamide(AM), sodium styrene sulfonate(SSS), AA+ AM and AA+ SSS on platelet adhesion and function. 【Methods】 The AA, AM, SSS, AA+ AM, and AA+ SSS were grafted onto the surface of PBT by γ-ray irradiation, and the grafted PBT was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectrometry(FTIR) and wetting time. Platelet activation and aggregation of different monomers grafted with PBT were observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Platelet concentration, maximum aggregation ability, positive expression rate of CD62p and hypotonic shock rate(HSR)of PBT grafted with different monomers were tested to study their effect on platelet adhesion and function. 【Results】 The characteristic absorption peaks of AA, AM and SSS appeared in FTIR, and the hydrophilicity of the grafted material was improved obviously, indicating that the monomer was grafted successfully. The results of SEM showed that the degree of platelet activation and aggregation caused by the original PBT was significantly higher than that of modified ones. Compared with the original platelets, the platelet concentration of PBT was(533.00±4.58 vs 672.00±3.61)×109/L, the maximum platelet aggregation rate was(48.80±0.96 vs 58.60±1.37)%, the positive expression rate of CD62p was(45.35±0.58 vs 39.90±0.52)%, and the platelet HSR was(48.74±0.46 vs 51.86±0.93)%(P<0.05). Compared with the original PBT, the platelet loss and platelet function damage caused by PBT grafted with different monomers decreased significantly(P<0.05). PBT-(AA+ AM) had the least comprehensive effect on platelets [platelet concentration(637.00±2.65)×109/L, maximum platelet aggregation rate(62.45±0.61)%, positive expression rate of CD62p(37.39±0.42)%, platelet HSR(53.51±0.58)%]. 【Conclusion】 The comprehensive effect of PBT grafted with AA+ AM on platelet adhesion and function is significantly lower than that of PBT grafted with other monomers, so it is anticipated to apply filtering and removing leukocytes in platelet preparations.
RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the impacts on the cognitive level of the children with mental retardation (MR) treated with JIN's three scalp needling therapy and the training for cognitive and perceptual disturbance so as to seek the more effective therapeutic method for the treatment of MR in children. Methods Sixty-six MR children were randomized into a head-point needle-retaining therapy + training group (group A) and a training after acupuncture group (group B). Seven cases and 12 cases were dropped in the two groups respectively. Twenty-six cases accomplished the treatment in the group A and 21 cases in the group B. In the group A, the points on the head were stimulated and the needles were retained (30 min after the general acupuncture, the needles on the body points were removed; and those on the head points were retained for 1 h, including Sishenzhen, Naosanzhen, Zhisanzhen and Niesanzhen). Simultaneously, the training for the cognitive perceptual disturbance was combined. In the group B, 1 h after needle retaining at the body points and head points, all the needles were removed; the training for the cognitive perceptual disturbance was followed. The treatment was given once a day, and the treatment for 3 months was required. Before and after treatment, the Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC) was used for evaluation and observation of verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) , performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) and full-scale intelligence quotient (TFIQ) and score changes of 11 items such as information, picture vocabu; lary, arithmetic, picture generalization, comprehension, etc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, FIQ, VIQ and PIQ scores were different significantly as compared with those before treatment (all P<0. 01). In the group A, the results of picture vocabulary, animal egg laying, maze, block design and geometric figure were all improved significantly (all P<0. 05). In the group B, the results of information, comprehension, block design and geometric figure were all improved significantly (all P<0. 05). After treatment, concerning the value difference in FIQ and PIQ of the two groups; the changes in the group A were more significant (both P<0. 01). After treatment, the results of picture vocabulary and maze were improved significantly in the group A as compared with the group B (both P<. 01). The IQ categories changed apparently after treatment in the two groups, toward the higher level in tendency generally, but without significant difference (both P>0. 05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The simultaneous treatment with head point retaining of JIN's three needling therapy and the training for cognitive and perceptual disturbance obviously improves children patients' verbal comprehension, expression ability, hand-eye coordination ability, attention, logical reasoning ability and visual perception. The efficacy is better than that in the treatment of the training after acupuncture.</p>