Voltammetric quantification of anti-hepatitis drug Adefovir in biological matrix and pharmaceutical formulation / 药物分析学报

Electrochemical reduction behavior of Adefovir was studied using Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode (HMDE) in Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer solution.Voltammetric study showed one well-defined reduction peak in the potential range -1.2 to -1.4 V (vs.Ag/AgCl) due to reduction of C=N bond of the imidazole ring.Solid-phase extraction and protein-precipitation techniques were employed for extraction of Adefovir from human plasma.The proposed method allows quantification of Adefovir in human plasma over the concentration range 0.50-5.00 μg/mL with the detection limit 0.17 μg/mL,whereas in pharmaceutical formulation 0.25-2.25 μg/mL with the detection limit 0.08 μg/mL.

Glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes sensor for the quantification of antihistamine drug pheniramine in solubilized systems / 药物分析学报

A sensitive electroanalytical method for quantification of pheniramine in pharmaceutical formulation has been investigated on the basis of the enhanced electrochemical response at glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of sodium lauryl sulfate.The experimental results suggest that the phcniramine in anionic surfactant solution exhibits electrocatalytic effect resulting in a marked enhancement of the peak current response.Peak current response is linearly dependent on the concentration of pheniramine in the range 200-1500 μg/mL with correlation coefficient 0.9987.The limit of detection is 58.31 μg/m L.The modified electrode shows good sensitivity and repeatability.

VIPoma Crisis: Immediate and life saving reduction of massive stool volumes on starting treatment with octreotide

We report the case of a 57-year-old male physician who presented with a life threatening secretory and refractory diarrhoea of around 20 L/day. This was complicated by severe hypotension, hypokalaemia, hypercalcaemia, renal failure requiring dialysis, metabolic acidosis, cardiorespiratory arrest and ventilation for 12 days. His diarrhoea responded immediately to the first dose of a therapeutic trial of subcutaneous octreotide 100 mcg 8 hourly which was started on clinical grounds alone before any investigations were carried out. After one day he was extubated and his blood pressure returned to normal. When a functioning neuroendocrine tumour is suspected clinically, the use of octreotide can, as in this case, be life saving

Spinal cord infarction following abdominal surgery and postoperative epidural analgaesia

Ischemic infarction is a rare cause of acute myelopathy. We report the case of a young woman admitted to Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman, who developed extensive spinal cord infarction in the setting of surgical evacuation and packing of liver haematoma and post-operative epidural analgesia. She had no vascular risk factors for stroke. The vascular mechanism underlying ischemic myelopathy and the relationship to abdominal surgery and epidural analgesia are discussed

rare presentation of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a recommendation to be more alert

We report the case of a 7 year-old Omani girl with tuberous sclerosis [TS], attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] and bipolar disorder [BD], at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital [SQUH], Oman. For a year she had been suffering from hyperactivity, aggression, over talkativeness, insomnia, risk-taking behaviour, distractibility, poor attention and seizures. This clinical picture evolved slowly, but was progressive in nature. Before the consultation at her local health centre, she was given four drugs without being properly investigated; she continued to deteriorate. In SQUH, she showed hyperactive-impulsive behaviour, elation, flight of ideas, preoccupation with self and high self-confidence. The physical examination revealed multiple hypomelanotic patches all over the body and a shagreen patch at the sacral area. The electroencephalogram showed generalised epileptic discharges, while brain imaging showed multiple parenchymal calcified foci in both cerebral hemispheres. Other investigations were normal. She was given valproate, and then a psychostimulant, methylphenidate, that controlled her state. Our aim in reporting this case is not only because it is unique, given its rare comorbidity [ADHD, TS and BD], but also to remind our junior colleagues to be alert to the possibility of an underlying neuropathology when performing clinical examinations and investigations of children presenting with neuropsychiatric symptoms

Magnetic resonance pelvimetry for trial of labour after a previous caesarean section

To stratify the magnetic resonance [MR] pelvimetric diameters according to mode of delivery and establish possible reference values for pelvic diameters and outlet index for trial of labor after a previous caesarean section. This is a retrospective study of 125 patients at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital who underwent MR pelvimetry prior to a trial of vaginal delivery after a previous caesarean section between May 2001 and October 2003. Sagittal inlet, Transverse inlet, interspinous diameter, sagittal outlet and transverse outlet diameters were measured in all patients. The mean diameters were stratified according to delivery modality [vaginal delivery or caesarean section]. The outlet index [sum of interspinous, sagittal outlet and intertuberous diameters], biparietal diameter of the foetus and head circumference were compared in women who delivered by caesarean section or vaginally. All the diameters except sagittal inlet, were significantly larger [P < 0.05] in women who delivered normally as compared with those who had a caesarean section for any indication. The mean outlet index in the spontaneous delivery group with vertex presentation 31.89 +/- 2.05, was significantly larger than that of the elective and emergency caesarean section, which were 29.69 +/- 1.85 and 30.62 +/- 1.80 respectively. The mean head circumference was also found to be significantly larger in the caesarean section deliveries. An outlet index of 31.89 +/- 2.05 and the pelvic diameters, transverse inlet 12.56 +/- 0.80cm, sagittal outlet 10.54 +/- 1.00 cm, interspinous diameter10.46 +/- 0.89cm, and intertuberous diameter [transverse outlet] 10.89 +/- 1.02cm are useful cut-off points for vaginal delivery in our population

Vehicular entrapment and heat stroke in three children: is it a form of child neglect?

The medical records of three children who were entrapped inside vehicles are reviewed and their outcome following the incidents were assessed in this report. The children developed heat stroke following the incidents and survived after several days in coma but with severe cognitive functions impairment. Two of the children were left with hyperactivity and attention deficit, while the third had active epilepsy. Vehicular entrapment heat stroke is one of the preventable brain injuries in children. Several children get entrapped in cars or other vehicles yearly and survivors are left with significant brain damage. The usual cause for brain damage is heat stroke the lesson learned was to never leave children unattended in cars. Therefore, it is essential to double check that doors are locked when leaving children unattended near vehicles

Traumatic aorto-mesenteric-portal fistula: percutaneous management: case report

Two months after a stab injury to the abdomen, a 35-year-old male presented at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences with haematemesis, shock and portal hypertension. Computed tomography of the abdomen and abdominal angiography revealed a large fistulous communication between an abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysm and a branch of the superior mesenteric vein. The fistula was occluded percutaneously, which allowed the patient to stabilise haemodynamically and, finally, to undergo a definitive surgical excision of the pseudoaneurysm and repair of the aortic defect

case of disseminated tuberculosis with adrenal insufficiency

We present the case of a 37 year-old female who had disseminated tuberculosis [TB] with bilateral adrenal involvement resulting in primary adrenal failure [Addison's disease] with refractory hyponatraemia and possible extrapontine 'myelinolysis'. Laboratory results were remarkable for adrenal insufficiency. A Mantoux reaction was positive with evidence of pulmonary miliary TB. The magnetic resonance imaging scan showed all the characteristic changes of adrenal TB

Marjolin's Ulcer: radiographic and magnetic resonance appearances in two cases

Marjolin's ulcers are malignancies that arise in chronic venous ulcers, scars, burns, long standing wounds or sinuses. Radiography provides important information regarding bone destruction and periosteal reaction, and magnetic resonance [MR] imaging provides excellent soft tissue detail, like tumour extent, depth, margins, any underlying bone cortical or marrow involvement, or involvement of adjacent neuro-vascular structures. We report two cases of Marjolin's ulcer and describe their radiographic and MR appearances

Pulmonary infarction. A rare case of adrenal carcinoma

A case report of unsuspected adrenal carcinoma with pulmonary artery obstruction in a young girl who was admitted with recurrent episodes of hypotension is presented. Computed tomography [CT] scans demonstrated a large right adrenal mass extending into the inferior vena cava [IVC], right atrium, right ventricle and right pulmonary artery. There are many case reports in literature documenting IVC and right atrial thrombus in patients with adrenal carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the first case report specifically documenting pulmonary infarction secondary to tumour extension into the pulmonary artery