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Endometrial receptivity is key to clinical pregnancy by in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET)technique.Endometrial thickness(EMT)is a major index for pregnancy monitoring,but the optimal time indicating endometrial receptivity is controversially uncertain.Multiple studies have demonstrated the correlation between EMT and IVF pregnancy outcomes and EMT of a moderate range is essential for good pregnancy outcomes and a thin endometrium produces negative pregnancy outcomes.In this paper,we reviewed the research on the im-pact of EMT on IVF-ET pregnancy outcomes in terms of timing of EMT measurement,clinical pregnancy rate,live birth rate,ectopic pregnancy rate,placenta praevia,and low birth weight,investigating the mechanism of occur-rence and treatment of thin endometrium so as to provide clinical references for improving IVF pregnancy outcomes.
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Objective To explore the effects of different endometrial preparation regimens on the pregnancy and obstetrical outcomes of single euploid blastocyst transfer after preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies(PGT-A).Methods The clinical data on patients with single euploid blastocyst transfer after PGT-A in our center from September 2015 to July 2021 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the different preparation regimens,the patients were divided into a natural cycle group(n = 80 cycles)and a hormone replacement cycle group(n = 259 cycles).The differences of pregnancy and obstetrical outcomes between the two groups were com-pared.Binary logistic regression was used to explore the influencing factors of pregnancy and obstetrical outcomes after PGT-A.The pregnancy outcomes of different endometrial preparation regimens were further explored by age stratification.Results As compared with that in the natural cycle group,the rate of high-quality blastocyst was significantly higher in the hormone replacement cycle group,but the live birth rate was lower and the abortion rate was higher(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in the clinical pregnancy rate between the two groups.The incidence of cesarean section and macrosomia was higher in the hormone replacement cycle group than that in the natural cycle group,while the rate of low birth weight was lower,but there were no significant differences(P>0.05).Binary logistic regression showed that female age was an independent influencing factor of abortion.Female age and the days of blastocyst development were independent influencing factors of live birth.However,endometrial prepa-ration regimen was not a factor affecting pregnancy and obstetrical outcomes(P>0.05).The results of further analysis showed that the live birth rate in the natural cycle group was significantly higher than that in the hormone replacement cycle group,while the abortion rate in the natural cycle group was significantly lower than that in the hormone replacement cycle group for female patients aged over 35(P<0.05).Conclusions The endometrial preparation regimens did not affect the pregnancy and obstetrical outcomes of patients receiving single euploid blas-tocyst transfer after PGT-A.However,in the older patients,the natural cycle regimen can obtain a higher live birth rate and a lower abortion rate.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma is a typical chronic inflammatory-associated malignancy. Chronic inflammation continuously damages the reticuloendothelial system of the liver and leads to impairment of immune surveillance, which in turn leads to dysregulation of the immune environment. Immune escape caused by impaired surveillance system can improve the immunogenicity of tumor, which plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Studies have shown that the indicators including immune inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, platelets and lymphocytes can predict the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, the individualized treatment and early intervention for patients on this basis is expected to improve the prognosis of patients. The article introduces the role of immune cells in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma, and summarizes the relationship between peripheral blood immune inflammatory indicators and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of preoperative use of diuretics on cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury(CSA-AKI)in elderly patients.Methods:In this single-center retrospective study, 1 638 patients aged ≥60 years and undergone cardiac surgery(including coronary artery bypass grafting, valve replacement and valvuloplasty)in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital between January 2015 and December 2022 were recruited.The last preoperative serum creatinine(SCr)level was taken as the baseline value, and AKI was diagnosed according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO)criteria.Patients were divided into an AKI group and a non-AKI group according to whether AKI occurred after surgery.The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared, and the effect of preoperative use of diuretics on CSA-AKI was evaluated by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results:Of 1638 patients enrolled in the study, 284 patients(17.3%)developed CSA-AKI.Compared with the non-AKI group, there were higher proportions of patients in the AKI group receiving furosemide(62.7% or 178/284 vs.46.2% or 626/1 354, χ2=25.397, P<0.001), spironolactone(70.1% or 199/284 vs.49.9% or 676/1 354, χ2=38.284, P<0.001), and hydrochlorothiazide(8.1% or 23/284 vs.3.5% or 47/1354, χ2=12.288, P<0.001). The number of diuretics in the AKI group was higher than in the non-AKI group[2(0, 2) vs.1(0, 2), Z=-6.381, P<0.001], and the proportion of patients using ≥2 diuretics was higher in the AKI group than in the non-AKI group(70.1% or 199/284 vs.49.0% or 664/1354, χ2=41.652, P<0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypoalbuminemia, NYHA functional class Ⅲ/Ⅳ, cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery, operative duration≥6 h, postoperative blood transfusion>600 ml, postoperative use of >3 vasoactive drugs and other variables, preoperative use of ≥2 diuretics remained an independent risk factor for CSA-AKI in elderly patients( OR=1.580, 95% CI: 1.042-2.396, P=0.031). Conclusions:AKI is a common complication after cardiac surgery in elderly patients.Preoperative use of ≥2 diuretics used may be an independent risk factor for CSA-AKI.
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Objective:To study the genotyping and regional distribution characteristics of Yersinia pestis by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in Gansu Province. Methods:A total of 52 strains of Yersinia pestis isolated from Himalaya Marmot plague foci and Spermophilus alaschanicus plague foci in Gansu Province from 1962 to 2017 were selected for culture and extraction of DNA. The genomic DNA of Yersinia pestis was sequenced by the second generation of Illumina PE150 to identify the SNP sites. The species characteristics of Yersinia pestis in Gansu Province was determined by the Kimura-2-parameter model of neighbor joining of Mega 10.0 software based on the SNP sites. The molecular evolutionary tree of the groups was determined by Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano model of maximum likelihood method according to the SNP sites. Results:A total of 103 SNP sites were identified in 52 strains of Yersinia pestis in Gansu Province, including 28 intergenic loci, 43 non-synonymous mutations, 31 synonymous mutations and 1 nonsense mutation. The 52 strains of Yersinia pestis were divided into 2 biotypes and 3 groups, which were ancient type (1.IN2, 3.ANT) and medieval type (2.MED). Among them, 35 strains belonged to 1.IN2 group, 13 strains belonged to 3.ANT group, and 4 strains belonged to 2.MED group. The 1.IN2 group was further divided into 5 subgroups: the groups of Yuerhong Town and Dangchengwan Town in Subei County, the groups of Mati Town and Dahe Town in Sunan County, and the group of Xiahe County. The 3.ANT group was further divided into 2 subgroups: the groups of Hongliuwan Town in Aksay County and Machang in Dangchengwan Town of Subei County. Conclusion:The SNP method can be used to genotype Yersinia pestis from different plague foci in Gansu Province, which has certain regional characteristics.
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Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the common acute abdominal diseases of the digestive system, and early treatment to avoid aggravation to severe pancreatitis (SAP) is the key to guaranteeing prognosis. AP with acute kidney injury (AKI) can significantly increase the mortality rate of pancreatitis. Early diagnosis of AP with AKI is a top priority to reduce mortality rate. This article reviews the current studies on the early predictors for AKI in AP and briefly describes commonly used indicators (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, cystatin C, renal vascular resistance index, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) and other valuable indicators. It is pointed out that a combination of various markers based on their sensitivity and specificity has a promising future in the diagnosis of AKI in AP.
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Objective:To understand the plague epidemic characteristics in the natural foci of the Qilian Mountains-A-erh-chin Mountains Himalayan marmot plague in Gansu Province, and to provide scientific basis for innovative prevention and control of the plague in combination with local conditions. Methods:A retrospective study was used to collect the monitoring data of the natural foci of plague in Gansu Province from 2011 to 2018 (from the epidemic surveillance files of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Gansu Province and direct network reporting information). Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the plague epidemic characteristics of natural foci of the Qilian Mountains-A-erh-chin Mountains Himalayan marmot plague in Gansu Province from 2011 to 2018, including the distribution of host animals, pathogenic and serological testing of the plague bacteria, and the epidemic characteristics of human plague. Results:From 2011 to 2018, the total average marmot density in the natural foci of the Qilian Mountains-A-erh-chin Mountains Himalayan marmot plague in Gansu Province was 0.21/hm 2, of which Tianzhu County had the highest average marmot density of 0.58/hm 2, and Jiayuguan City had the lowest average marmot density of 0.01/hm 2. A total of 381 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated in the foci, of which 4 were isolated from human corpses, 298 were host animals, and 79 were infectious vectors. Among them, the top 3 counties (cities) of isolated strains were Aksai County (38.85%, 148 strains), Subei County (31.50%, 120 strains) and Yumen City (16.27%, 62 strains). A total of 6 860 marmot serum, 1 769 dog serum were tested, the F1 antibody positive rates were 2.70% (185/6 860), 8.42% (149/1 769); and the F1 antigen positive rate of 814 animal materials was 4.30% (35/814), respectively. There were 4 times of human plague, 4 cases occurred and 4 cases died; 3 times occurred in Subei County and 1 time in Yumen City. The onset months were July, September, November and December. Active contact with infected animals such as shepherd dogs was the main route of infection, and migrant herders were the key occupation population. Conclusions:The animal epidemic situation in the natural foci of the Qilian Mountains-A-erh-chin Mountains Himalayan marmot plague in Gansu Province is active, and the plague presents different epidemic states in different regions. The prevention and control measures should be taken according to local conditions and guided by classification to strictly prevent the occurrence and transmission of the plague.
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding small molecular RNAs that widely exist in eukaryotes, and mature miRNAs are composed of 20-25 nucleotide sequences. With the deepening of the research on miRNAs in recent years, it has been found that miRNAs play an important role in the development, progression, prognosis, chemotherapy resistance, and early diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma. This article reviews the research advances in the role of miRNAs in gallbladder carcinoma.
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Objective:To study the application value of practical demonstration of actual X-ray film images in the experimental teaching of radiography technology courses in medical imaging undergraduates.Methods:A total of 63 medical imaging undergraduates of Grade 2015 were randomly divided into three groups to receive part of the experimental courses about chest and abdomen radiography examination. Their pre-class work and machine were the same. As the experimental group, group A and group B added demonstration with X ray film images, while group C (control group) did not. The different teaching effects of the two methods were evaluated by simulate practical assessment and quiz. The accepting degree of demonstration method was evaluated in accordance with questionnaire survey.Results:The scores of simulated practical assessment (7.36±1.39) and quiz (4.24±2.01) in experimental group were significantly higher than those of (6.05±1.28) and (3.10±1.48) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.01, P=0.024). Questionnaire survey showed that the experimental group were 100% accepted practical demonstration of X ray film images. Conclusion:The application of practical demonstration of X-ray film images in radiology technology experimental courses can help undergraduates to accept new knowledge, deepen impression on knowledge and improve teaching effect, which is worth developing and popularizing.
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Objective To evaluate and compare the 3 common inspection techniques for acute atlantoaxial trauma:tomosynthesis(DTS),digital radiology(DR) and computed tomography(CT).Methods The imaging data from March 2013 through December 2017 were retrieved from the Picture Archiving and Communication Systems(PACS) of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University concerning the patients with acute atlantoaxial trauma.Selected for this study were 50 DTS images(DTS group),50 CT images(CT group) and 50 DR images(DR group).The image diagnoses for the 3 groups were conducted by 2 senior radiologists and their judgments were compared with the definite clinical diagnoses.The 3 groups were compared in terms of diagnostic accuracy,diagnostic rate of acute atlantoaxial trauma,image quality and effective radiation dosage.Results DR was insignificantly different from DTS or CT in diagnostic accuracy for the acute atlantoaxial Irauma which had been caused by mild violence like spraining and falling(P>0.05),but significantly inferior to both DTS and CT in diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic rate of the acute atlantoaxial trauma which had been caused by severe violence like traffic accident(P<0.05).In detection of atlas/axial fracture and atlantoaxial dislocation,DTS was slightly weaker than CT but significantly better than DR(P<0.05).The image quality scores for CT group(4.60±0.11) and DTS group(4.16±0.15) were significantly higher than that for DR group(2.80±0.18)(P<0.05).In average effective radiation dosage,CT group(2.33±0.020 mSv/time) was the highest,followed by DTS group(0.61±0.076 mSv/time) and DR group(0.025±0.003 mSv/time),showing significant differences between any two(P<0.05).Conclusions DR technique may be used for inspection of the atlantoaxial acute trauma caused by mild violence like spraining and falling,but has little value for inspection of most cases of atlantoaxial acute trauma.DTS technique may be the first choice for inspection of most atlantoaxial acute trauma.CT should be applied as a further inspection for complex cases because of its highest diagnostic accuracy and highest effective radiation dosage.
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Exosomes are vesicular globules with physiological functions, such as intercellular material transportation and signal transduction. They can be secreted by many kinds of cells, with 40 to 100 nm diameters.Exosomes have biological properties of derived cells based on the nucleic acids, proteins and lipids in them. Tumor cells can also secrete large number of exosomes with many microRNAs (miRNAs), and miRNAs from different maternal tumor cells are different. This paper mainly reviews the early diagnosis of tumors by tumor-derived exosomal miRNAs and the relationship between miRNAs and tumorigenesis and tumor progression.
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Objective To explore the effects of meteorological factors on population densities of the host and the prevalence of animal plague in the natural plague foci of Spermophilus alaschanicus.Methods The surveillance data of seroprevalence rate in natural plague foci of Spermophilus alaschanicus of Gansu Province in current year,one previous year (relative to current year as a reference),as well as two and three previous years’ meteorological data such as average annual rainfall,temperature,relative humidity were collected from 1962 to 2014.SAS 9.3 software was used for correlation and regression analysis of the influencing meteorological factors on the density of Spermophilus alaschanicus and prevalence of animal plague;generalized additive model (GAM) was used for quantitative study of meteorological factors on density of Spermophilus alaschanicus;logistic regression analysis was used to study the effect of meteorological factors on prevalence of Spermophilus alaschanicus plague.Results Serum positive rate of Spermophilus alaschanicus was positively correlated with average annual rainfall of current and previous one year,and with relative humidity of current year (r =0.279,0.341,0.654,P < 0.05);serum positive rate was negatively correlated with average annual temperature of current and preceding first,second and third years (r =-0.360,-0.339,-0.273,-0.323,P < 0.05).The average annual rainfall of preceding second and third years was significantly associated with the densities of Spermophilus alaschanicus by GAM parameter estimation (t =2.88,2.42,P < 0.05).The average annual rainfall of preceding second and third years was significantly associated with the densities of Spermophilus alaschanicus by GAM nonparameter estimation (x2=31.580,13.428,P < 0.05),but the effect was nonlinear.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that average annual rainfall of preceding first year [odds ratio (OR) =2.475,95% confidence interval (C/):1.175-5.213] was risk factor for the prevalence of the animal plague in the natural plague foci of Spermophilus alaschanicus.Conclusions Rainfall is risk factor for the prevalence of the animal plague in the natural plague foci of Spermophilus alaschanicus.There is a lag effect of rainfall on the numbers of hosts and the prevalence of Spermophilus alaschanicue plague.When the rainfall in the region (not continuously) reaches a certain amount,it will provide favorable conditions for the spread of Yersinia pestis.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between fleas density of Spermophilus alaschanicue and host density as well as meteorological factors.Methods The densities of fleas of Spermophilus alaschanicue and meteorological temperature,precipitation,relative humidity data in the same period from 1977 to 2014 in plague natural foci of Spermophilus alaschanicue of Gansu Province were collected.In order to further establish the multiple linear regression and the stepwise regression analysis model,SAS 9.3 software was used to explore the linear correlation analysis between fleas index number,density of Spermophilus alaschanicue and meteorological factors.Results The average body flea index positively correlated with the density of Spermophilus alaschanicue (r =0.34,P < 0.05),in addition,hole fleas index was in negative correlation with the average temperature of the current and preceding first,second and third years (r =-0.44,-0.39,-0.45,-0.54,P < 0.01).However,hole fleas index positively correlated with the average rainfall of preceding first year (r =0.38,P < 0.05).More specifically,the monthly body flea index was negatively correlated with the average rainfall and the average temperature of current,preceding first,second,and third months,and the average relative humidity of current month (r =-0.23,-0.34,-0.43,-0.29,-0.25,-0.33,-0.36,-0.38,-0.26,P < 0.01).After multiple linear regression analysis,the following equations were obtained:body fleas index =3.983 1 + 0.695 1 × Sperrnophilus density-0.004 9 × average annual rainfall;hole fleas index =10.780 4 + 0.009 1 × average annual rainfall-0.216 2 × annual average relative humidity.Conclusions The relationship between fleas density of Spermophilus alaschanicue and the environment is complex,they have mutual connection as well as mutual restriction.Except Spermophilus density affects the number of fleas,the two most important meteorological factors which affect the flea body index are temperature and rainfall.In addition,the relationship between meteorological factors and flea body index shows somewhat lagging behind for two to three months.
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Liver failure is a serious stage during liver disease development of which mobidity is high. There is no effective treatment at present.Artificial liver support system is one of the important methods to treat liver failure which includes non-biological artificial liver, biological artificial liver and hybrid artificial liver. Among the artificial liver devices. The bioartificial liver is the most similar artifical liver device to human liver in terms of detoxification, synthesis and metabolism currently.The complexity of human liver function makes the biological artificial liver facing great challenges in selection of liver seed cells, construction of bioreactor and the best combination with auxiliary device, which leads to the slow development of bioartificial liver. In order to provide theoretical support for the study of bioartificial liver, the current status and its development are reviewed in the following aspects, the source of seed cells, the construction of bioreactor, the combination of auxiliary devices and the clinical application of bioartificial liver in this article.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) greatly threatens human health. In clinical treatment, the therapeutic strategies for HCC are attracting more attention. With the research advances in the pathogenesis of HCC and the rapid development of molecular biology techniques, the therapies with molecular-targeted antitumor drugs for advanced HCC have become a hot research topic, and significant efficacy has been achieved in clinical practice. This article summarizes the research advances in clinical application of molecular-targeted drugs for the treatment of HCC and related issues, discusses the future perspectives of therapeutic strategies, and provides a new direction and reference for the clinical treatment of HCC.
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Histone methyltransferase SMYD3 (SET and MYND domain containing 3) is a protein which has the function of histone methylation found in recent years,it has an important role in transcriptional regulation.The research shows that SMYD3 inhibit apoptosis and promote cell proliferation,invasion and metastasis.More and more data shows SMYD3 highly expressed in liver cancer and is low in normal tissues which is even undetectable.SMYD3 level was significantly associated with prognosis,and gene silencing experiments in SMYD3 tumor cell growth was inhibited.Therefor,SMYD3 is closely related with the development and prognosis of HCC occurrence,which suggests that people can suppress the expression SMYD3 to block tumor cell growth,migration and improve prognosis to provide new goals and direction for the future of cancer treatment.
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A stable, uniform, easily implemented, LC-based chemical and biological sensor substrate for orientations of liquid crystals (LCs) for a long-term is urgently needed for medical applications of the sensors. We proposed a use of spin-coating of copper perchlorate (Cu(ClO4)2), with five different concentrations(0-100mmol/L), directly on glass slides for fabricating a layer of chemically-sensitive copper ions. Observing the transmitted light with a polarized microscope, we found the luminosity of the light propagated through sensors deposited with copper ions started to weaken gradually after a certain time. The higher was the concentration of copper ions covered on the glass substrates of the sensors, the faster the weakening occurred, and the less time was needed for transmitted light to turn completely dark. But there was no change in luminosity of the transmitted light for the sensors without Cu(ClO4)2 spin-coating even after stored at room temperature (25 degrees C) for a whole day. When the Cu(ClO4)2 deposited sensors were stored within a drying oven at room temperature (25 degrees C) for 2 months, it was found that there vas almost no change in luminosity of the transmitted lights. The results showed that all the thin films of LC on glass slides functionalized with Cu(ClO4)2 could keep homeotropic and stable orientation for a long time; the concentration of Cu (ClO4)2I has an influence on the orientation response speed of LC from planar to perpendicular orientation.
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Técnicas Biossensoriais , Cobre , Química , Vidro , Química , Cristais Líquidos , QuímicaRESUMO
Objective To explore the influence of HepG2 cells' proliferation and autophagy by the Nrf2-ARE pathway,and provide the experimental basis for clinical exploring effective liver cancer treatment.Methods Hepatic carcinoma HepG2 cells were cultured,and its proliferation inhibition rates and the change of cell cycle' s in each phase were explored by the MTT assay and flow cytometry.The hepatoma cells' autophagy was qualitative observed by inverted phase contrast microscope and fluorescence microscope.Results Inhibitory rate of HepG2 cells was obviously higher in the Nrf2 inhibitor BML-111 group than control group (P < 0.05),and the control group was aslo obviously higher than the Nrf2 inducer EGb group (P < 0.05).Flow cytometric analysis showed that G1 phase cells in the cell cycle increased,S phase cells reduced and G2/M period cells relatively increased in the Nrf2 inhibitor BML-111 group.But G1 phase cells reduced,S phase cells increased and G2/M period cells relative reduced in the Nrf2 inducer EGb group.Inverted phase contrast microscope and fluorescence microscope checked that ranging from the size of the bubble and autophagosome formed in Hepatoma HepG2 cytoplasmic of the Nrf2 inhibitor BML-111 group.Conclusions The Nrf2-ARE pathway played an reverse inhibition on HepG2 cells' proliferation and autophagy.After the inhibition of Nrf2-ARE pathway,HepG2 cells mostly stayed in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
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Hepatic carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in China.Autophagy activity and the change of Nrf2-ARE pathway play an important role in the process of liver tumors.Nrf2 which is an important regulator to liver cancer belongs to the CNC family.Research discovered that after the inhibition of autophagy,Nrf2-ARE pathway activation contributes to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.This article summarizes the relationship between autophagy and the Nrf2-ARE pathway and its impact on the hepatic carcinoma.
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Objective To investigate the expression of NF-κB and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers E-cadherin and Vimentin proteins in human pancreatic cancer tissues and its relation with the malignant features. Methods The expression of NF-κB、E-cadherin and Vimentin proteins in 62 cases of pancreatic cancer tissues were detected by using immunohistochemistry and compared with the clinicopathological data of pancreatic cancer. Results The positive expression rate of NF-κB was 81% (50/62), Vimentin protein increased of expression was 61% (38/62), and E-cadherin protein loss of expression was 55 % (34/62) in pancreatic cancer. The positive expression rate of NF-κB was significantly related with the lymph node metastasis (x2=11.761, P<0.05), distant metastasis (x2=9.225, P<0.05), the absent expression of epithelial marker E-cadherin protein (r =0.352, P <0.05) and the positive expression of mesenchymal marker Vimentin protein (r=0.343, P <0.05), but there was no relation with the patients gender,age, tumor location, tumor type and tumor differentiation (P >0.05). In addition, the significant correlation of E-cadherin expression loss and Vimentin expression with tumor lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis was found (x 2= 6.914, 4.984, 7.753, 5.144, P <0.05). Conclusion The overexpression of NF-κB in pancreatic cancer may accelerate invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer through inducing EMT.