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From the perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） information knowledge base and assisted decision-making knowledge base， the construction status， quality evaluation status and existing problems of current TCM knowledge bases have been sorted out. And based on the quality evaluation strategies and dimensions of know-ledge bases in other disciplines， the evaluation indexes for TCM knowledge base is discussed， and the evaluation framework is initially formed， providing ideas for the improvement of the TCM knowledge base evaluation system. In terms of the evaluation indexes， there are basic evaluation dimensions which include data sources， data collection， and data application. The specific evaluation dimension of the information-based knowledge base is data quality， while that of the assisted decision-making knowledge base is data matching. Except for the data application dimension which counts the valid data items in the database for calculation， other indexes are scored based on the qualitative evaluation of "yes"， "no" or "unknown". The basic evaluation score and the specific evaluation score are added to obtain the total score. The knowledge base is graded according to the score， and the results are presented in the form of grade plus number.
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Objective:To study the medication rules of treating cervical spondylosis by National TCM master Liu Bailing based on data mining and network pharmacology, and explore the potential action mechanism of its core compounds.Methods:By collecting the prescriptions of National TCM master Liu Bailing treating cervical spondylosis in the past 8 years, this paper analyses the frequency, nature, flavor, meridian, hierarchical clustering and association rules of those prescriptions by RStudio to obtain the core prescription. Then, the effective components of the core prescription were collected by using TCMSP, and the network of "medicine-component-target" was constructed by using Cytoscape 3.8.0; by searching for databases like GEO, DisGeNET, TTD HPO and Genecards were retrieved to obtain the target data set of cervical spondylosis; by using STRING 11.0 platform to construct protein interaction network; by using DAVID platform to cary out gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis; by using Auto Dock software for molecular docking.Results:In the 844 prescriptions, there are 199 Chinese medicines and the properties are mainly warm, plain and cold; the flavors were mainly sweet, pungent and bitter; mainly belong to the liver, spleen, and kidney meridians. The Association Rule shows that the core compound is made up of Salvia miltiorrhiza, Gastrodia elata, Rhizoma corydalis, Alisma rhizoma, centipede, Astragalus membranaceus and Rhizome of Pueraria. Besides, 140 effective constituents and 247 targets of the core prescription were screened, and the main constituents were quercetin, kamanol, luteolin, tanshinone ⅡA, β-sitosterol, etc. 13 core targets among the core prescription treating cervical spondylosis were obtained, which were enriched into 30 pathways including toll-like receptor signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and HIF-1 signaling pathway. Conclusion:National TCM master Liu Bailing treatment of cervical spondylosis mainly focuses on expelling wind and relieving pain, dredging meridians and soothing tendons, and the mechanism of action of the core prescription may focus on inhibiting inflammatory response and relieving oxidative stress, providing guidance and reference for the clinical treatment of cervical spondylosis.
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This article compares and analyzes the content and theoretical structure of the concept of pathogenesis from the national textbooks of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine and Diagnostics in Chinese Medicine from the first to the ninth version.The authors consider the mechanism as the main content of pathogenesis concept in contemporary Chinese medicine.During the construction of this concept,the concept of pathology has a profound influence,wh ich differs a lot from the emphasis on key in ancient pathogenesis content,mainly reflected in clinical diagnosis and treatment ideas transferring from dealing with key issues to dealing with abstract concept.This change is associated with the impact of western medicine on modern Chinese medicine,emphasizing the mechanism and so on,so that the ancient Xiang (象) concept is marginalized.
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“Mechanical memory” approach was commonly used in the knowledge learning of traditional Chinese medicine, which makes students often feel that the knowledge is too abstract, and this method is thus ineffective. “Qihuang the way” using Unity 3D game development platform inte-grates the elements of medical knowledge of the Chinese medical history, and combines TCM theoretical knowledge learning with serious games , which can help invoke students' enthusiasm and improve learning efficiency in an entertaining way.
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From the human cognition procedure,after initially explores the formation and essence of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) related concepts,the author believes that the TCM related concepts are based on the phenomena(including the outside appearance of human body) in the natural world which can be felt directly by people’s sense organs,with the essence that is the re? ection of macro symptoms and physical signs,and the relative natural objective phenomena in people’s consciousness.In traditional Chinese medicine,there are not only the concepts formed by the things which can be felt directly by people’s senseorgans,but also those which are formed independent on the cognition by sense organs directly,and must be thought further.Either is not utterly visionary,the formation all based on the objective phenomena.If you grasp the phenomena,these concepts are not unacceptable and the TCM related research will stand on the ground further.
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Through analyzing the role of people's cognition process in the formation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and Western medicine theory,and also the respective objective phenomena their theories constructed according to,the writer drew the conclusion that: the same cognition way was adopted in the formation of TCM and western medicine which reflected the relationship between objectives(phenomena) with the only difference of level,just the origin of the difference between TCM and Western medicine.This difference determined that the process of the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine actually is that of we make our research from the micro world to the macro one.