Case report of neonatal kaposiform hemangioendothelioma in the spinal canal and mediastinum with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Clinical data of one patient diagnosed with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) in the spinal canal and mediastinum at the Children′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine in October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Additionally, a literature review on mediastinal KHE was performed to summarize prior clinical characteristics and treatments.The patient, a 25-day-old boy, presented with refractory thrombocytopenia.Multiple chest radiographs suggested significant widening of the mediastinum and atypical atelectasis in the left upper lung, and enhanced chest CT and magnetic resonance imaging suggested KHE.After cocktail therapy with Prednisolone, Vincristine and Sirolimus, platelets increased to normal, and coagulation function improved.After 3 months of follow-up, hematologic parameters were stable, the mass became smaller, and no side effects occurred.

Study of CT angiography and clinical features of Takayasu's arteritis with peripheral artery involvement / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To explore the computed tomography angiography(CTA)and clinical features of Takayasu's arteritis(TA)with peripheral artery involvement.Methods In this retrospective study,CTA scan was performed in a total of 184 TA patients.TA patients were divided into two groups:60 patients within peripheral artery involvement(peripheral artery involvement group)and 124 patients without peripheral artery involvement(peripheral artery non-involvement group).The difference in comparison of clini-cal data and CTA findings were analyzed.Results A total of 194 peripheral arteries were involved in 60 patients.The most suscep-tible peripheral artery were axillary artery(52,26.8％),middle cerebral artery(26,13.4％)and femoral artery(22,11.3％).In the peripheral artery involvement group,the most common CTA manifestation was luminal stenosis(141,72.7％).The lumen dilata-tion,lumen stenosis with dilatation and wall calcification were not easy to be observed.The age and duration of disease in peripheral artery involvement group were significantly greater than those in peripheral artery non-involvement group(P＜0.05).The proportion of the peripheral artery involvement group in the active phase was significantly lower than that of the peripheral artery non-involvement group(P＜0.05).The incidence of pain in the limbs in peripheral artery involvement group was significantly higher than that in peripheral artery non-involvement group(P＜0.05).The utilization rate of tocilizumab in the peripheral artery involvement group was significantly higher than that in the peripheral artery non-involvement group(P＜0.05).Conclusion TA involving peripheral arteries is more common in patients with a long course of disease and in the inactive phase.Patients are prone to pain in their limbs.The CT A manifestations of these patients are also special,that is,the involved peripheral arteries are not prone to lumen dilatation and wall calcification.

Hydroxynonenal alleviates neonatal sepsis-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting endothelial cell pyrosis / 实用医学杂志

Objective To explore the role of 4-hydroxynonenal(HNE)in alleviating acute lung injury(ALI)induced by neonatal sepsis by inhibiting the focal death of endothelial cells(ECs).Methods Newborn mice were randomly divided into five groups:(1)Sham operation group(Sham group),(2)sham operation mice receiving HNE treatment group(Sham + HNE group),(3)cecal serosity(CS group),and(4)CS-treated GS-DMD-/-mice group(CS + GSDMD-/-group).The degree of lung injury was evaluated by lung histopathology and lung wet/dry weight ratio.The ECs of mice were isolated and divided into the Ctrl group,LPS + ATP group,LPS + ATP + HNE-L group and LPS + ATP + HNE-H group.Western blot was used to evaluate the expression of HNE and caspase-1 pathway.Results Compared with CS group,the lung tissue scores of CS + HNE group and CS + GSDMD-/-group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the ratio of wet to dry weight of lung tissues was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the CS group,the 72-hour survival rates of mice in the CS + HNE group and CS + GSDMD-/-group were significantly improved(P<0.05).The expressions of GSDMD-N,C-caspase-1,NLRP3,IL-18 and IL-1β in lung ECs of the CS + HNE group and CS + GSDMD-/-group were signifi-cantly lower than those of the CS group(P<005).Compared with the Ctrl cells,LPS + ATP significantly decreased the cell viability(P<0.05)and increased the protein expressions of GSDMD,C-caspase-1,NLRP3,IL-18 and IL-1β(P<0.05),and these effects were also inhibited by HNE.Conclusion HNE can inhibit the focal death of lung ECs cells by inhibiting NLRP3/caspase-1 signal transduction,and improve ALI in septic mice.

Risk factors for 1-year death after surgery in elderly patients with hip fractures and accuracy of prediction model: based on LASSO-logistic regression / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To identify the risk factors for 1-year death after surgery in elderly patients with hip fractures and evaluate the accuracy of the prediction model based on LASSO-logistic regression analysis.Methods:A case-control study was conducted on elderly patients (age ≥65 yr) who underwent surgical treatment for hip fractures in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January to December 2019. Patients were divided into death group and survival group according to their survival status at 1-year after surgery. General data and preoperative laboratory indicators were obtained. The variables were selected by utilizing LASSO regression and incorporated into multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify the risk factors for 1-year death after surgery in elderly patients with hip fractures. Then a prediction model was established based on the results and evaluated.Results:There were 63 patients in death group and 564 in survival group. The results of LASSO regression and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, preoperative cognitive dysfunction, Chalson comorbidity index ≥3 points and preoperative serum prealbumin level were the independent risk factors for 1-year death after surgery in elderly patients with hip fractures ( P<0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the prediction model was 0.788 (95% confidence interval [0.731-0.846]), with the sensitivity and specificity of 76.2% and 68.6% respectively. The average absolute error of the calibration curve was 0.007. The results of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed that there was no significant difference between the predicted value and actual observed value ( χ2=5.065, P=0.751). Decision curve analysis showed that patients had a high net benefit rate when the threshold probability range was 0-0.7. Conclusions:Age, preoperative cognitive dysfunction, Chalson comorbidity index ≥3 points and preoperative serum prealbumin level are the independent risk factors for 1-year death after surgery in elderly patients with hip fractures, and the prediction model developed based on LASSO-logistic regression has high accuracy.

Meta-analysis about ADRB1 Arg389Gly polymorphism on the efficacy of bisoprolol / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of ADRB1 Arg389Gly polymorphisms on the efficacy of bisoprolol， thus providing some information for individualized drug therapy. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed， Embase， Cochrane Library， CBM， CNKI， and Wanfang Data to retrieve and find out all relevant literature about bisoprolol and ADRB1 Arg389Gly polymorphism from the inception to May 2023. The retrieved literature was screened and selected according to the inclusive and exclusive criteria， thereafter quality assessment was conducted. RevMan 5.4 software was utilized to perform the meta- analysis for the outcome index. RESULTS Overall 7 literature with 1 339 cases were included. Among them， 4 studies provided the changes in systolic blood pressure （SBP）， diastolic blood pressure （DBP） （ΔSBP and ΔDBP）； 4 involving the change （ΔLVEF） of left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）. Results of the study showed that there was no statistical significance in the improvement of blood pressure between wild-type group （AA） and mutation group （AG+GG） of ADRB1 Arg389Gly treated with bisoprolol {ΔSBP [SMD＝0.17，95%CI （－0.97，1.31）， P＝0.77]， ΔDBP [SMD＝－0.01，95%CI （－0.65，0.62）， P＝0.97]}； there was no statistical significance in the improvement of ΔLVEF [SMD＝－0.61， 95%CI （－2.74，1.53）， P＝0.58] between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS ADRB1 Arg389Gly gene polymorphism has no significant influence on the improvement of SBP， DBP， and LVEF in cardiovascular patients who use bisoprolol.

Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine monomer and compound intervention on the Wnt signaling pathway in regulating bone metabolism / 中国药房

Bone metabolism refers to the decomposition and anabolism occurring during bone remodeling， and its balance is regulated by bone resorption and bone formation. A slight deviation of this balance causes various skeletal diseases， such as osteoporosis and renal osteodystrophy. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） monomers and compounds have certain advantages in treating bone metabolism diseases. The Wnt signaling pathway includes the canonical Wnt signaling pathway， dependent on β-catenin， and the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway， independent of β-catenin. Both types of pathways can maintain bone metabolism balance by regulating bone formation and bone resorption and are essential for bone development， bone mass maintenance， and bone remodeling. A variety of TCM monomers （albiflorin， catalpol and icariin） and formulas （Zuogui pill， Yishen gugu prescription， Duzhong jiangu prescription， etc.） have been confirmed to promote differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells， proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts， bone injury repair， and osteoporosis improvement by activating the Wnt signaling pathway in recent years. Here， this article summarizes the research progress in the Wnt signaling pathway regulation of bone metabolism by TCM monomers and compounds to provide ideas for the clinical application of TCM and the research and development of new drugs for the prevention and treatment of bone metabolism diseases.

Exploration on the Cultivation Path of Medical Students’ Professional Spirit in the Post-epidemic Era / 中国医学伦理学

In the fight against COVID-19, under the guidance of medical professionalism, the majority of medical workers adhered to the scientific spirit of rigorous truth-seeking and innovation, and the humanitarian feelings of boundless love and dedication, and made outstanding contributions to prevention and control. However, the epidemic situation fluctuates repeatedly, the virus mutates frequently, and the risk of major public health emergencies has caused deep thinking on the cultivation of medical students’ professionalism. Medical students are the reserve force for the sustainable development of China’s medical and health undertakings. The times and society endow medical students with a more lofty and arduous historical mission, and also call for strengthening the cultivation of medical students’ professional spirit. Under the background of normalization of epidemic prevention and control, responding to the demands of the times, providing high-quality medical talents for the society, promoting building the doctor-patient desting community, and promoting the reality of the healthy China strategy, efforts to explore the path of cultivating medical students’ professionalism with "three combinations, two considerations and one emphasis".

Network meta-analysis of triple therapy for the prevention and treatment of acute nausea and vomiting caused by emetogenic chemotherapy drugs with moderate and high risk / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of the triple therapy of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists， neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists and dexamethasone （referred to as “triple therapy”） in the prevention and treatment of acute nausea and vomiting caused by moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI and Wanfang data， randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about triple therapy or 5-HT3 receptor antagonist combined with dexamethasone （referred to as “dual therapy”） were collected during the inception to May 2023. After literature screening， data extraction and literature evaluation， network meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 16.0 software. RESULTS A total of 59 RCTs were included， involving 23 418 patients and 15 interventions. Results of network meta-analysis showed that fosaprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone （FPD） was most effective in terms of acute nausea and vomiting control rate， followed by fosaprepitant + granisetron + dexamethasone （FGD） and aprepitant + ramosetron + dexamethasone （AMD）. In terms of acute nausea control rate， FPD was the most effective， followed by aprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone （APD） and FGD. In terms of acute vomiting control rate， FPD was the most effective， followed by FGD and APD. CONCLUSIONS Fosaprepitant + palonosetron + dexamethasone is better than other triple therapy or dual therapy in preventing acute nausea and vomiting caused by moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs.

Mechanism by which static exercise improves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetes / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is the key pathological link of type 2 diabetes.Static exercise can effectively improve skeletal muscle insulin resistance,but the mechanism remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism of static exercise on insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic mice based on the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)/glucose transporter(GLUT4)signaling pathway. METHODS:After 1 week of adaptive feeding,7 out of 40 C57BL/6 mice were randomly selected as blank group and fed common diet,while the other mice were fed high-fat diet and taken to prepare type 2 diabetes models through the low-dose streptozotocin intraperitoneal injection.Twenty-four mice were successfully modeled and they were randomly divided into model group(n=8),metformin group(n=8)and static exercise group(n=8),which continued to be fed high-fat diet.The metformin group was given 200 mg/kg metformin dissolved in normal saline(2 ml/kg)by gavage,once a day,for 6 weeks.The static exercise group was given normal saline daily by gavage and carried out static exercise,30 minutes a day,6 days per week.The model group was given the same dose of normal saline daily by gavage without exercise intervention.After the intervention,the fasting blood glucose of each group was detected,the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed,and the area under the glycemic curve was calculated.Glycosylated hemoglobin,serum insulin,insulin resistance index were detected by ELISA.Total cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein were detected using biochemical methods.The mRNA expression levels of PI3K,AKT and GLUT4 in the gastrocnemius of mice were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.Morphological changes of the gastrocnemius were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining,and the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers was calculated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the blank group,fasting blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,area under the glycemic curve,insulin resistance index,total cholesterol,triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01,P<0.05).Whereas,these indicators were significantly lower in the static exercise and metformin group than the model group(P<0.01,P<0.05).Compared with the blank group,serum insulin and high-density lipoprotein levels were significantly declined in the model group(P<0.01)and the mRNA expression of PI3K,AKT and GLUT4 in the gastrocnemius of mice were also significantly reduced(P<0.01).These indicators were significantly elevated in the metformin group and static exercise group compared with the blank group(P<0.01).Compared with the blank group,the muscle fibers in the model group were disordered,and the muscle cells atrophied and the muscle fiber gap widened.The cross-sectional area of muscle fibers was significantly decreased in the model group compared with the blank group(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,atrophy of the gastrocnemius fibers and muscle fiber space were improved in the static exercise group and the metformin group,and the cross-sectional area of muscle fiber was significantly increased in both groups(P<0.01).These findings indicate that static resistance training may promote glucose uptake and utilization by up-regulating the expression of PI3K,AKT and GLUT4 mRNA in skeletal muscle tissue,thereby improving the morphology and function of skeletal muscle tissue,alleviating insulin resistance and regulating glucose homeostasis.

Robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Minimally invasive surgery is developing rapidly.Robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal/posterior lumbar interbody fusion are important posterior minimally invasive surgical approaches to treat lumbar degenerative diseases.However,it is worth discussing which operation method is more advantageous. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical efficacy and imaging examination between different operation groups,and discuss the clinical application value of robot-assisted minimally invasive lumbar posterior fusion technology to treat lumbar degenerative diseases. METHODS:Clinical data of 83 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases from January 2018 to June 2022 at the Department of Orthopedics,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Of them,27 patients received robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion treatment(group A);30 patients received robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal/posterior lumbar interbody fusion treatment(group B),and 26 traditional minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion patients were selected as the control group(group C).There were no significant differences in gender,age,body mass index,surgical segment,preoperative visual analog scale score and Oswestry Disability Index among the three groups(P＞0.05).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,complications,fluoroscopic dose,fluoroscopic time,and fluoroscopic frequency were compared among the three groups.Gertzbein-Robbins'classification was used to evaluate the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw.Visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores were evaluated after surgery.The excellent and good rate of the three surgical options was evaluated using Macnab's criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The operation time of group A was significantly shorter than that of groups B and C(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between group B and group C(P＞0.05).The intraoperative blood loss in group B was significantly less than that in group A,and that in group A was significantly less than that in group C(P＜0.05).(2)The fluoroscopic dose,fluoroscopic time,and fluoroscopic frequency of group C were significantly higher than those of groups A and B(P＜0.05).(3)Visual analog scale score and Oswestry Disability Index in the three groups significantly improved after operation when compared with that before operation(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference among the three groups 1 day and 6 months after surgery(P＞0.05).(4)Postoperative imaging showed that the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw placement in groups A and B was better than that in group C(P＜0.05).(5)There was no significant difference in the excellent and good rate of MacNab criteria among the three groups(P＞0.05).(6)There was no significant difference in complications among the three groups(P＞0.05).(7)The results indicated that robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal/posterior lumbar interbody fusion are effective surgery methods for lumbar degenerative diseases.Compared with traditional minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion surgery has higher efficiency,less intraoperative radiation and higher internal fixation accuracy,which has a good clinical application value.

Research progress of CCR8 in tumor immunotherapy / 中国癌症杂志

Therapies for tumors continue to develop,and tumor immunotherapy has emerged as an effective means of controlling tumor progression.Given the limitations of immunotherapy,only some specific patients can benefit from immunotherapy.Since the complex tumor microenvironment is highly influenced by individual variability,immunotherapy will be subjected to different degrees of immune suppression in different tumor microenvironments and thus cannot exert its full effect.In the tumor microenvironment,regulatory T(Treg)cell plays as an immunosuppressive role.Numerous Treg cells infiltrate in indifferent tumor types,resulting in immune escape of tumor tissues,which will have a negative impact on treatment and prognosis.CC chemokine receptor 8(CCR8)belongs to the CC chemokine receptor family.CCR8 is specifically expressed on Treg cell in the tumor microenvironment and expressed at low level in the surrounding normal tissues and peripheral blood thus it can be a specific marker for Treg cell.CCR8 is a potential therapeutic target and biomarker.This review summarized the research progress of CCR8 in different tumor types in recent years,so as to provide reference for subsequent research.

Differential expression of virulence factors in clinical isolates of Candida parapsilosis / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To compare the differences in virulence-related factor aspartate protease,biofilm formation,and gene expression among clinical isolates of Candida parapsilosis(C.parapsilosis).Methods Gene sequencing and microsatellite typing(MT)method were adopted to identify C.parapsilosis isolated from patients with clinical fungal infection.The production of secreted aspartate protease and biofilm formation ability of each strain were de-tected,and the expression of biofilm formation related-genes BCR1,EFG1,and HWP1,as well as aspartate prote-ase virulence genes SAPP1,SAPP2,SAPP3 were compared among the strains.Results A total of 8 clinically iso-lated C.parapsilosis strains were collected,all of which were identified as genotype Ⅰ.Based on microsatellite ty-ping results,8 clinical strains were divided into 4 microsatellite types.G1,G2,and G3 strains isolated from the urine,peripherally inserted central catheters(PICC),and blood of patient A were of different subtypes.J1,J2,J3,J4,and J5 strains were of the same type,and isolated from blood specimens of patient B at different periods.All 8 clinical strains could form biofilm,and their biofilm formation ability was higher than that of the standard strain of C.parapsilosis(ATCC 22019).G1,G3 and J5 strains had strong biofilm formation ability,J1,J2,J3,and J4 strains had moderate biofilm formation ability,and G2 strain had weak biofilm formation ability.All of the eight clinical isolates secreted aspartate protease,and their in vitro expression levels of the enzyme were higher than that of the standard strain(ATCC 22019).G3,G1,and G2 strains showed low,moderate,and high in vitro enzyme expression respectively,with statistical differences(all P＜0.05).Enzyme expressed moderately in J1 and J5 strains,and highly in J2,J3,and J4 strains.Difference between moderate and high expressions was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The expression levels of biofilm formation genes BCR1,EFG1,and HWP1 in various strains isolated from patients A and B increased.In strains isolated from patient A,the expression level of EFG1 gene in G1 strain was higher than that in G2 strain(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in BCR1,EFG1,and HWP1 gene expression levels among strains isolated from patient B.The expression levels of as-partate protein genes(SAPP1,SAPP2,and SAPP3)in various strains isolated from patients A and B increased.The expression levels of SAPP1 and SAPP2 in strain G1 were higher than those in G2 and G3(both P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the expression levels of SAPP1,SAPP2,and SAPP3 genes in strains from patient B.Conclusion Clinical isolates of C.parapsilosis have higher biofilm formation and aspartate protease production abilities than standard strain.The expression of virulence factors varies among strains isolated from different specimens,while there is no significant difference in the expression of virulence factors among strains isolated at different periods.Patients may have been infected with different MT types of C.parapsilosis in multiple sites during the same period.

Autologous platelet-rich plasma treatment for infected deep second-degree burn wounds: a case report / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the feasibility of using autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of deep second-degree burns complicated with wound infection. 【Methods】 A retrospective analysis was conducted on the treatment process of a patient with deep second-degree burns and bacterial infection on the wound using autologous PRP. Clinical treatment highlights and outpatient follow-up were combined to discuss the feasibility and clinical effects of using autologous PRP in the treatment of burn wounds complicated with infection. 【Results】 The patient had a deep second-degree burn with a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus infection on the left lower limb. After one week of conventional wound dressing and antibiotic treatment, the patient's body temperature returned to normal. However, wound healing was slow and yellow secretion persisted. Subsequently, the burn wound was treated combined with topical autologous PRP. The wound pain score gradually decreased from 8 to 1. After 2 weeks, the bacterial culture of the wound secretion was negative, and the wound healed completely after 18 days. The wound scar score decreased from 5 to 2 at 1, 3 and 6 months after PRP treatment, and no obvious scar formation was observed. In the course of PRP treatment, there were no adverse reactions such as increased wound inflammation, abnormal blood routine and liver and kidney function test results. 【Conclusion】 For deep second-degree burn patients with localized wound bacterial infections who either refuse surgery or are not suitable for surgery, autologous PRP is a safer alternative that can effectively promote tissue regeneration and wound healing. The patient in this case achieved a curative effect in a short period of time.

Experience of National TCM Master Wang Qingguo in Treating Liver Cirrhosis with Triplet Herbs / 中国中医药信息杂志

This article summarized the experience of national TCM master Wang Qingguo in treating liver cirrhosis with triplet herbs.Professor Wang believes that the etiology and pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis are always based on the disorders of liver,spleen and kidney function,the dampness and heat retention is an important factor of the disease.When the disease enters the collaterals,blood stasis runs through the development of the disease,qi,blood and water are both pathological products and pathogenic factors.Therefore,supporting the healthy qi and eliminating pathogens,and treating both manifestation and root cause of disease are important treatment principles for liver cirrhosis.Professor Wang takes the whole as the main principle and selects triplet herbs that are suitable for the pathogenesis at different stages of disease development.He emphasizes the three methods of soothing the liver and promoting dampness,removing blood stasis and diuresis,and supporting the healthy qi and eliminating pathogens.He flexibly applies the treatment,and the clinical efficacy is remarkable.

Experimental study on the artificial infection of common freshwater snails with Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To evaluate the potential risk of transmission of angiostrongyliasis by common freshwater snails in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, so as to provide insights into local surveillance of angiostrongyliasis. Methods Common freshwater snails were collected from Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province from March to April, 2020, and identified and bred in laboratory. SD rats were infected with third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis that were isolated from commercially available Pomacea canaliculata snails in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and freshwater snails were infected with the first-stage larvae of A. cantonensis that were isolated from the feces of SD rats 39 days post-infection at room temperature. The developmental process and morphological characteristics of worms in hosts were observed, and the percentages of A. cantonensis infections in different species of freshwater snails were calculated. Then, SD rats were infected with the third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis that were isolated from A. cantonensis-infected freshwater snails, and the larval development and reproduction was observed. Results More than 3 000 freshwater snail samples were collected from farmlands, ditches and wetlands around Erhai Lake in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and Cipangopaludina chinensis, P. canaliculata, Parafossarulus striatulus, Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni, Galba pervia, Physa acuta, Radix swinhoei, Assiminea spp., Tricula spp. and Bellamya spp. were morphologically identified. A total of 105 commercially available P. canaliculata snails were tested for A. cantonensis infections, and 2 P. canaliculata snails were found to be infected with A. cantonensis, in which the third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis were isolated. Ten species of freshwater snails were artificially infected with the third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis, and all 10 species of freshwater snails were found to be infected with A. cantonensis, with the highest positive rate of A. cantonensis infections in Bellamya spp. (62.3%, 137/204), and the lowest in C. chinensis (35.5%, 11/31). After SD rats were infected with the third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis isolated from different species of freshwater snails, mature adult worms of A. cantonensis were yielded. Conclusions Multiple species of freshwater snails may serve as intermediate hosts of A. cantonensis under laboratory conditions in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. Further investigations on natural infection of A. cantonensis in wild snails in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture seem justified.

Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of clinical nurses’ medical narrative competence / 中国医学伦理学

ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of medical narrative competence of clinical nurses，analyze its influencing factors，and provide a theoretical basis for improving the medical narrative competence of nurses. MethodsA total of 1，511 nurses from different hospitals in Shaanxi Province were selected as the research object from May 30，2023，to June 30，2023，by using the convenience sampling method. The general information questionnaire and the Medical Narrative Competence Scale were used to investigate the current situation of nurses’ medical narrative competence and analyze the influencing factors. ResultsThe total score of the medical narrative competence of clinical nurses was （152.75±23.98）. Multiple linear regression showed that implementation of humanistic care for patients in clinical practice familiarity with narrative medicine，views on narrative nursing，narrative-related practical experience，sense of identity and accomplishment in the nursing profession，satisfaction with nursing work，and being employed in a gynecology department were the influencing factors of nurses’ medical narrative competence. ConclusionThe medical narrative competence of clinical nurses was above average. Hospital managers should provide targeted training based on their influencing factors，care for nurses’ mental health，reduce nurses’ professional pressure，and improve nurses’ job satisfaction，to improve their medical narrative competence and promote professional growth.

Ku70 Functions as an RNA Helicase to Regulate miR-124 Maturation and Neuronal Cell Differentiation / 生物化学与生物物理进展

ObjectiveHuman Ku70 protein mainly involves the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSB) through its DNA-binding properties, and it is recently reported having an RNA-binding ability. This paper is to explore whether Ku70 has RNA helicase activity and affects miRNA maturation. MethodsRNAs bound to Ku protein were analyzed by RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-seq) and bioinfomatic anaylsis. The expression relationship between Ku protein and miRNAs was verified by Western blot (WB) and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays. Binding ability of Ku protein to the RNAs was tested by biolayer interferometry (BLI) assay. RNA helicase activity of Ku protein was identified with EMSA assay. The effect of Ku70 regulated miR-124 on neuronal differentiation was performed by morphology analysis, WB and immunofluorescence assays with or without Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. ResultsWe revealed that the Ku70 protein had RNA helicase activity and affected miRNA maturation. Deficiency of Ku70 led to the up-regulation of a large number of mature miRNAs, especially neuronal specific miRNAs like miR-124. The knockdown of Ku70 promoted neuronal differentiation in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) and SH-SY5Y cells by boosting miR-124 maturation. Importantly, ZIKV infection reduced the expression of Ku70 whereas increased expression of miR-124 in hNPCs, and led to morphologically neuronal differentiation. ConclusionOur study revealed a novel function of Ku70 as an RNA helicase and regulating miRNA maturation. The reduced expression of Ku70 with ZIKV infection increased the expression of miR-124 and led to the premature differentiation of embryonic neural progenitor cells, which might be one of the causes of microcephaly.

Grouping Effects and Its Additivity in Multiple Object Tracking / 生物化学与生物物理进展

Reducing the consumption of attentional resources and improving human performance in dynamic visual sustained attention tasks is a key issue in sustained attention research. The multiple object tracking (MOT) task is a widely used paradigm for studying individual sustained attention. In a classic MOT paradigm, observers need to maintain their attention on specific targets among a set of distractors and track their movement. To further utilize attentional resources and improve tracking performance, researchers have proposed studying the additivity problem of grouping effects in attention tracking. Grouping effects during MOT is the phenomenon that moving items can be perceived into larger moving units based on featural cues of themselves or task requirements. This article reviewed previous studies about attention resources, classification, additivity, and neural mechanisms of grouping effects in MOT. Based on previous research, we concluded that grouping effects in MOT can be classified into three categories, i.e., spatiotemporal-based grouping, object-based grouping, and feature-based grouping, according to different grouping cues (spatiotemporal continuity, global perception and organization of objects, and surface featural similarity). Grouping based on multiple cues will produce greater effects compared with one cue, this is the additive effect. The study of additivity is important for understanding the cognitive mechanisms of different grouping effects, the attentional mechanisms, and resource allocation in individual dynamic visual tracking. This study summarized previous behavioral and neuroimaging research and systematically explored the non-additivity based on different surface features and the additivity based on surface features and specific spatiotemporal features. Exploring the mechanism of additivity effects provides us with new insight into understanding grouping effects. For future studies, researchers need to thoroughly investigate the neural mechanisms of different kinds of groupings. This can not only provide explanations for the additivity of groupings but also provide substantial evidence for the classification of groupings.

Infections and epidemiological characteristics of viral myocarditis in Wuxi Region / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation and pathological characteristics of viral myocarditis in Wuxi region, laying the foundation for epidemiological research on viral myocarditis. Method A total of 8 000 patients with viral myocarditis from 2013 to 2022 were included. The basic data and infection status of patients diagnosed with viral myocarditis within 10 years were statistically analyzed, and the serum of the patients was tested for Coxsackie B virus nucleic acid. Results Viral myocarditis is mainly caused by Coxsackie B virus infection, with a confirmed positive rate of 69.24%. The main types of infected viruses are B3 and B4, with 29.31% and 33.87%, respectively. The infection of viral myocarditis varies with age, and the positive rate in children is higher at 69.29%, with statistical differences among different age groups（χ2=1210.344 , P2=155.032 , P<0.001）. Conclusion In the past 10 years, the infection rate of suspected viral myocarditis in children in Wuxi region has been higher than that in adults, and the incidence of COVID-19 B group virus infection is higher in men, with B3 and B4 being the main cases. It is necessary to increase prevention efforts in children and young men.

Identification of Phenolic Acid Derivatives in Danshen Using MS3 and MS2 Spectra Matching Strategy / 分析化学

"MS/MS spectrum to structure"plays a critical role in the confirmative identification of complicated matrices and is currently regarded as an extremely challenging endeavor.MS/MS information provides vital clues to structural identification.In this study,a strategy was proposed to facilitate unambiguous identification through matching MS3 with MS2 spectra.Initially,MS3 spectra of the featured ions(c-and y-type ions)generated by the decomposition of ester functional group in esters and the MS2 spectrum of the structural unit([M-H]-)were all captured on the Qtrap-MS platform equipped with two tandem-in-space collision cells,including the second quadrupole cell(q2)and linear ion trap(LIT)chambers(actually the third quadrupole unit).Subsequently,the MS/MS spectrum matching between MS3 spectra of the ester compound and MS2 spectra of the structural unit(s)were achieved.As a result,the findings corresponding to MS3 and MS2 spectra matching were summarized.Finally,based on HR-MS/MS information of total salvianolic acid derivatives(TSA),36 kinds of compounds were preliminarily identified through matching with literature information and database retrieval.The applicability of MS3 and MS2 spectra matching strategy was further justified by the confirmative identification of phenolic acid compounds(Rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B)in TSA.Above all,MS3 and MS2 spectra matching strategy was quite meaningful towards advancing"MS/MS spectrum to structure"analysis through recognizing and identifying featured fragment ions,and also provided inspiration and new insights for the structural characterization.