Effectiveness of Tai chi exercise on overall quality of life and its physical and psychological components among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

With the aging of the world's population, the quality of life of older adults is becoming more important. There are many studies on the use of Tai chi exercise, a popular form of mind-body exercise practiced by older adults. However, the effectiveness of Tai chi exercise on the quality of life of older adults is unclear. For this systematic review and meta-analysis, six databases (PubMed, CENTRAL, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, CNKI) were searched in English and Chinese languages to screen for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT), and their risk of bias was assessed by two independent reviewers. The results of quality of life, physical component, and psychological component among older adults were meta-analyzed using RevMan5.3 software. The search retrieved 2577 records. After screening, a total of 10 RCTs were included in this evaluation, with a total of 1170 participants. The meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, Tai chi exercise had a significant impact on the overall quality of life (SMD=1.23; 95%CI: 0.56-1.98; P<0.0001), and on the physical component of quality of life (MD=5.90; 95%CI: 1.05-10.75; P=0.02), but no significant impact on the psychological component of quality of life. This study had high heterogeneity. The results of this study suggest the potential use of Tai chi exercise as an activity for increased quality of life in older adults. Future research may enhance experimental rigor and explore the rationale behind Tai chi exercise.

Therapeutic Effect of Nerve Growth Factor Thermosensitive Gel on Sciatic Nerve Injury of Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To prepare nerve growth factor(NGF) temperature sensitive in situ gel and investigate its therapeutic effect on sciatic nerve injury of rats.Method: NGF thermosensitive gel was prepared and its prescription was optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology.Fifty rats were randomly divided into the normal group,model group,NGF injection group(10 mg·L-1),NGF low-dose(10 mg·L-1) and high-dose(20 mg·L-1) thermosensitive gel groups,and sciatic nerve injury model of rats was established.The effect of NGF thermosensitive gel on the injury of sciatic nerve were comprehensively examined by taking rat behavior,sciatic nerve function index(SFI),time of withdrawal reflex,wet weight ratio of gastrocnemius muscle,and histomorphological changes as indicators.Result: The gelation temperature of NGF thermosensitive gel was 35.2℃ after the formulation being optimized,which was in line with the standard for injection.Four-eight weeks after operation,the SFI and wet weight ratio of gastrocnemius muscle in rats of NGF high-dose thermosensitive gel group were significantly higher than those in the model group and NGF injection group,but its time of withdrawal reflex was significantly lower than those in the model group and NGF injection group,and the effect was in a dose-dependent manner.Arrangement of regenerated nerve fibers in sciatic nerve injury area of rats from NGF high-dose thermosensitive gel group was more tidy,dense and continuous than that of the model group.Conclusion: NGF thermosensitive gel can promote repair of sciatic nerve injury in rats.

Effect of Shenling Baizhu San on Murine Model of IBD Induced by DSS in Mice Through Regulating of Autophagy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of Shenling Baizhu San on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induced by 5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in mice by regulating autophagy of intestinal epithelial cells. Method:The 84 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 7 groups with 12 mice in each group. In addition to the normal group, 5% DSS was freely drunk for 7 days to induce acute inflammatory bowel disease. In the treatment group, high, medium and low doses of shenlingbaishu powder (12,6,3 g·kg-1·d-1), mesalazine (2 g·kg-1·d-1) and autophagy inducer rapamycin (4 mg·kg-1·d-1) were given by gavage. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the morphological changes of colon tissues in mice. The autophagosome formation of intestinal epithelial cells was detected by transmission electron microscopy. Western blot was used to detect the ratio of autophagy related protein LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ, phosphatidylinositol-3kinase (PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), ubiquitin-binding protein-1 (p62), Beclin1 phosphorylation, ULK1, 4EBP protein expression. Result:Compared with normal group, model group mice colonic mucosa epithelial cells are widely missed, most incomplete glands, change in colitis, LC3-Ⅱ content decreased significantly (PPPPPConclusion:The effect of Shenling Baizhu San on DSS-induced IBD is related to the regulation of the phosphorylation of PI3K, mTOR and p62 proteins in the autophagy pathway of intestinal epithelial cells.

Effect of Shenling Baizhu San on Murine Model of IBD Induced by DSS in Mice by Regulating Autophagy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Shenling Baizhu San (SLBZS) in treating dextra sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mice and its relationship with autophagy. Method: SPF BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,mesalazine group,low,medium and high-dose SLBZS groups,and autophagy inducer rapamycin group.The IBD mice were fed with 5% DSS in their drinking water for 7 days,and the control mice received only water.SLBZS groups were given SLBZS at doses of 3,6,12 g·kg-1·d-1, positive group was given mesalazine sustained release granules at the dose of 2 g·kg-1·d-1, rapamycin group was given rapamycin at the dose of 4 mg·kg-1·d-1, and control mice was given the same volume of normal saline by gavage.The mice weight,stool occult blood in stool,score of disease activity (DAI),pathological examination of intestinal mucosal lesions integral were observed after 7 days. interleukin(IL)-8 and IL-10 in serum were detected by enzyme\|linked immuno sorbent assay(ELISA), vascular tissue samples were prepared for the detection of tumor neorosis factor-(TNF-α) and IL-1β, and transmission electron microscope and Western blot were used to detect the formation of autophagosomes and the level of autophagy. Result: The body mass decrease, the colon length, disease activity scoring, and histological scoring of SLBZS group were better than those of DSS group. Compared with control group, the level of IL-10 decreased, while the level of IL-8 increased obviously (Pα expressions significantly up-regulated(PPPα expressions(PConclusion: Shenling Baizhu San can significantly inhibit the IBD by regulating autophagy and suppressing inflammation.

Analysis of risk factors for bleeding following endoscopic treatment of colorectal polyps and feature analysis for carcinogenesis of adenomatous polyps / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical data, risk factors for bleeding following endoscopic treatment of colorectal polyps (diameter ≥ 1.0 cm) and feature analysis for carcinogenesis of adenomatous polyps. Method It was analyzed retrospectively that the clinical data, endoscopic characteristics, risk factors for bleeding and features for carcinogenesis of adenomatous polyps in 741 patients with a total of 884 colorectal polyps (diameter ≥ 1.0 cm) of our hospital from January 1, 2014 to January 1, 2016, which were resected under endoscope. Result Univariate analysis of colorectal polyps resected under endoscope on intraoperative and delayed bleeding, we found that gender (P = 0.017), location (P = 0.011), size (P = 0.004), lobulated or not (P = 0.010), resection methods under endoscope (P = 0.029) were statistically significant deviation between the two groups; taking the polyp as observation unit,multivariate Logistic regression analysis of their clinical data and endoscopic characteristics, we found gender (P = 0.012, OR

Analgesic effects of Marasmius androsaceus mycelia ethanol extract and possible mechanisms in mice

Marasmius androsaceus is a medicinal fungus mainly used to treat various forms of pain in China. This study investigated the analgesic effects of an ethanol extract of M. androsaceus (MAE) and its potential molecular mechanisms. Oral administration of MAE (50, 200, and 1000 mg/kg) had significant analgesic effects in an acid-induced writhing test, a formalin test, and a hot-plate test, with effectiveness similar to tramadol (the positive control drug). The autonomic activity test showed that MAE had no harmful effects on the central nervous system in mice. MAE resulted in significantly enhanced levels of noradrenalin and 5-hydroxytryptamine in serum but suppressed both of these neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus after 30 s of hot-plate stimulation. Co-administration with nimodipine (10 mg/kg; a Ca2+ channel blocker) strongly enhanced the analgesic effect in the hot-plate test compared to MAE alone. Moreover, MAE down-regulated the expression of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the hypothalamus after a 30-s thermal stimulus. These results suggested that the analgesic ability of MAE is related to the regulation of metabolism by monoamine neurotransmitters and Ca2+/CaMKII-mediated signaling, which can potentially aid the development of peripheral neuropathic pain treatments obtained from M. androsaceus.

Observation of effects of mannitol combined with multimodal-antiemetic therapy in patients of postoperative nausea and vomiting undergoing thyroidectomy / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of multimodal-antiemetic therapy on postoperative dizziness,headache,nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing thyroidectomy.Methods One hundred patients (39 males and 61 females,ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ) scheduled for thyroidectomy were randomly divided into two groups according to random number table: control group (group C) and multimodal-antiemetic therapy group (group M).Two groups received total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol and remifentanil.Prophylactic dexamethasone 10 mg were given after anesthesia induction and palonosetron hydrochloride 0.25 mg was used 30 min before the end of surgery in both groups.Mannitol 2 ml/kg in group M and the same amount of normal saline in group C were given 30 min before the end of surgery.The incidence of dizziness,headache and PONV were observed for 24 h in two groups.Results The incidence of headache was 5 cases (10%)and PONV was 5 cases (10%) in group M,which were respectively significantly lower than that of group C of 15 cases (30%) and 12 cases (24%) in 24 h after surgery (P<0.05).The additional antiemetic therapy for 24 h after surgery in group M of 2 cases (4%) was significantly lower than that of group C of 9 cases (18%) (P<0.05).Conclusion The multimodal-antiemetic therapy: prophylactic dexamethasone,palonosetron hydrochloride and mannitol were used 30 min before the end of surgery could significantly reduce the incidence of dizziness,headache and PONV after thyroidectomy.

An analysis on the level of homocysteine and related factors among healthy examination population / 预防医学

Objective To investigate the level of homocysteine among healthy examination people and the possible related factors.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed to collect 1 259 results of healthy examination people from July to September in 2015,and 564 patients were confirmed to be hyperhomocysteinemia.The serum level of lipoids,glucose,uric acid and blood routine results were also collected.Results The incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia was 45.52％,and man has a higher rate than woman.The results of logistic regression showed positive results of UA (OR =1.006,95％ CI =1.005-1.008),HBG(OR =1.035,95％CI=1.026-1.045),and PLT (OR =0.996,95％ CI =0.993-0.998) in high hyperhomocysteinemia patients.Condusion High UA、HBG and low PLT levels are risk factors in hyperhomocysteinemia,and could be the important way for the early diagnoses of hyperhomocysteinemia.

Protective effects of essential oil of Uygur medicine rose on acute myocardial ischemia injury in mice / 中草药

Objective To study the protective effect of rose (Rosae Rugosae Flos) essential oil on acute myocardial infarction in mice, and explore its mechanism. Methods The model of acute myocardial ischemia in mice was established by intraperitoneal injection of isopropyl adrenaline. The myocardial tissue pathological changes and the degree of myocardial injury in mice were observed by HE staining and TTC staining. Activities of super oxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in myocardial tissue of mice were determined, and activities of creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum of mice were determined as well. Results HE staining results showed that rose essential oil group (160, 80, and 40 mg/kg) can significantly improve myocardial tissue pathological injury in mice; TTC staining results showed rose essential oil (160, 80, and 40 mg/kg) can significantly reduce the myocardial ischemia areas in mice. Compared with model group, SOD and GSH-Px in the myocardial tissue of mice significantly increased (P < 0.05, 0.01), while enzyme activity of serum LDH and CK-MB significantly reduced in rose essential oil group (P < 0.05, 0.01). Conclusion Rose essential oil has certain protective effect on acute myocardial infarction injury and its mechanism may be associated with inhibiting oxidative damage, enhancing activities of anti-oxidant enzymes, and reducing the lipid peroxidation damage.

Expression of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor in differentiated thyroid carcinoma and its clinical significance / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor in differentiated thyroid carcinoma and its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-four patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma treated in our department from January 2009 to January 2011 were selected as the observation group, and 28 patients with nodular goiter were selected as the control group. Expression of TSH receptor in the two groups were detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of TSH receptor expression in the observation group was 55.4 (41/74), significantly lower than that of the control group (89.3%, 25/28), with a significant difference between the two groups (χ(2) = 10.21, P < 0.05). In the observation group, the positive rate of TSH receptor expression was 75.9% (22/29) in the stage I patients, 47.8% (11/23) in the stage II patients, 38.9%6 (7/18) in the stage III patients, and 25.0% (1/4) in the stage IV patients. Along with the increase of TNM staging, the positive rate of TSH receptor expression was decreased gradually, with a significant difference between them (χ(2) = 8.93, P < 0.05). The positive rate of TSH receptor expression was 53.8% (14/26) in the lymph node metastasis positive group and 56.3% (27/48) in the lymph node metastasis negative groups, with a non-significant difference between them (χ(2) = 0.04, P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Expression of TSH receptors in the patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma is quite low, and along with the increase of TNM staging, its positive rate is decreasing gradually. Testing the expression of TSH receptor may provide a basis for TSH suppression therapy after thyroid cancer surgery. This TSH suppression therapy should be personalized in order to reduce the side effects and improve their quality of life.</p>

Leptin regulates proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal carcinoma through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.

Epidemiological studies have indicated that obesity is associated with colorectal cancer. The obesity hormone leptin is considered as a key mediator for cancer development and progression. The present study aims to investigate regulatory effects of leptin on colorectal carcinoma. The expression of leptin and its receptor Ob-R was examined by immunohistochemistry in 108 Chinese patients with colorectal carcinoma. The results showed that leptin/Ob-R expression was significantly associated with T stage, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, differentiation and expression of p-mTOR, p-70S6 kinase, and p-Akt. Furthermore, the effects of leptin on proliferation and apoptosis of HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells were determined. The results showed that leptin could stimulate the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of HCT-116 colon cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Ly294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) and rapamycin (an mTOR inhibitor) could prevent the regulatory effects of leptin on the proliferation and apoptosis of HCT-116 cells via abrogating leptin-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. All these results indicated that leptin could regulate proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal carcinoma through the PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signalling pathway.

Experimental research on application of hydrodynamic acoustic generator in extraction of Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the hydrodynamic ultrasonic energy extraction technique for Chinese Medicine.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The content of baicalin in Radix Scutellariae extracts and total flavones in Folium Ginkgo extracts were as indexes respectively and measured by high performance liquid chromatography. We investigated the hydrodynamic ultrasonic energy extraction process for the extraction of Radix Scutellariae and Folium Ginkgo respectively, and compared with refluxing method, decoction and ultrasonic extraction. With the content of the extracts as indexes, Compound prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine were extracted by the hydrodynamic ultrasonic extraction and decoction extraction.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The content of baicalin of hydrodynamic ultrasonic energy extracts was significant higher than other extracts. The content of Ginkgo leaves flavones in hydrodynamic ultrasonic energy extracts and ultrasonic extracts had no significant difference. Compared with decocting extracts, hydrodynamic ultrasonic energy extracts of TCM compound prescriptions content was higher greatly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The hydrodynamic ultrasonic energy extraction process showed higher extraction rate of baicalin of radix scutellariae than traditional extraction methods. And it was beneficial to the dissolution of water-soluble constituents in compound prescriptions of TCM. The content of Ginkgo leaves flavones in the hydrodynamic ultrasonic energy extracts and ultrasonic extracts had no obvious difference.</p>

Retrospective analysis on pathological features of 1561 patients with colorectal cancers in fifteen years / 中华消化杂志

Objective To retrospectively study pathological characteristics of 1561 patients with colorectal cancer in Nanchang area.Methods Analysis was made regarding the results of colonoscopy and pathological examination in patients from 1990 to 2004.Results Totally 21 853 patients received colonoscopy during the period,and 1561 patients were diagnosed as colorectal cancer.The overall diag- nostic yield was 7.1%.The average age diagnosed was 52 years old.Ratio of male to female was 1.4: 1.The lesion located in rectum accounted for 43.4%.The percentage of cancer in left colon was higher than that in right side (30.5% vs 26.1%,P＜0.05).The proportion (57.5%) of patients with rectal can-cer under 30 years old was the highest in all patients with rectal cancer.Cancer located in sigmoid colon and left side of the colon increased with age.Well and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma was observed in 83.6% of the patients.Comparing the clinical characteristics of every five years,increasing diagnostic yield was noted from 1990 to 1999,hut the decreased trend was found in last five years.The propor- tions of rectal cancer was also increased in the last fifteen years,and overall proportions of cancer located in left side of colon was decreased.Conclusions The overall diagnostic yield of colorectal cancer in Nanchang area was lower than other province,especially rectal cancer.The proportion of cancer of left side of colon was increased with age.The well and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma was found increasing in the last fifteen years, while the poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was decreased.