Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in surveillance sites of Tianmen City from 2015 to 2018 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To monitor the change patterns of the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Tianmen City from 2015 to 2018, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the schistosomiasis control strategy in the city. Methods A total of 8 schistosomiasis surveillance sites were assigned in Tianmen City from 2015 to 2018, and the endemic situation of schistosomiasis and the related epidemiological factors were monitored. Results During the period from 2015 to 2018, a total of 15 983 local person-times and 3 629 mobile populations were detected for schistosomiasis using an indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) in Tianmen City, and the sero-prevalence was 0.88% to 1.44% and 0.96% to 2.39%, respectively; however, no egg-positives were identified. A total of 1 245 herd-times were detected, and no egg-positives were found in bovines. In addition, the areas of snail habitats were 116.69 to 117.23 hm2 and the mean densities of living snails were 0.07 to 0.17 snails/0.1 m2 during the study period; however, no infections were identified in snails. Conclusions The endemic situation of schistosomiasis appears low in Tianmen City; however, the factors related to schistosomiasis transmission remain in the city. The integrated strategy with emphasis on the control of infectious sources should be still intensified to consolidate the schistosomiasis control achievements.

Clinical comparative analysis of neonatal scalp vein and axillary vein catheterization

Objective: To compare the clinical effectiveness and safety of axillary vein catheterization [AVC] and scalp vein catheterization [SVC] in the neonatal intensive care unit [NICU]

Design: Retrospective study

Setting: The Central Hospital of Xinxiang, China

Subjects: One hundred and fifteen cases from the NICU were enrolled from June 2012 to June 2013

Interventions: Fifty-four patients underwent AVC and 61 underwent SVC

Main outcome measure[s]: Catheter-related bloodstream infection, catheter obstruction, ectopia, phlebitis, and local leaking

Results: No significant difference between groups was observed for catheter related bloodstream infection [SVC: 4.4%, AVC: 3.7%, p = 0.56] and catheter obstruction [9.8% vs. 9.3%, P = 0.87] between the two catheterization methods. However, the rate of catheter ectopia, phlebitis and leaking in SVC were significantly higher than those for AVC [18.0% Vs. 3.7%, p = 0.02, 18.0% Vs. 3.7%, p = 0.02 and 16.4% Vs. 3.7%, p = 0.03, respectively]

Conclusions: Although both SVC and AVC could be the choice for intravenous infusion in the NICU, AVC was safer than SVC in newborn infants

Application of gene knockout technology in spermatogenesis-associated gene study / 中华男科学杂志

The gene approach to the pathogenesis of male infertility may bring about some strategies for the diagnosis and manage of the condition. Gene knockout technology is the mainstream method currently used in the study of gene function. Screening and identification of testis-specific genes and insights into their features and functions in spermatogenesis are significant for a further understanding of testicular functions and searching for new therapeutic targets for male reproductive disorders. This review focuses on the application of gene knockout technology in the study of spermatogenesis-associated genes.

Radiation-induced oxidative stress and claudin-11 mRNA expression in the testis / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of claudin-11, a tight junction component of Sertoli cells, in spermatogenic dysfunction induced by oxidative stress in mice exposed to local radiation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We randomly allocated 48 male Kunming mice to a blank control group (A) and three radiation groups (B, C and D) of equal number, the latter three exposed to local radiation of the lower abdomen with 2 Gy, 6 Gy and 10 Gy of 60Co-gamma-ray, respectively, to induce oxidative stress. Four weeks later, we killed the animals, obtained their body and testis weights, observed the histological changes of the testis by HE staining, measured the levels of serum FSH, testosterone and LH by ELISA, and determined the mRNA levels of claudin-11 and inhibin beta B in Sertoli cells by real time quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After exposure to 60Co-gamma-ray radiation, the testis weights were (129.4 +/- 10.81), (87.5 +/- 16.83) and (56.1 +/- 12.36) mg in groups B, C and D, significantly decreased as compared with (182.9 +/- 8.43) mg in group A (P < 0.05); the testis indexes were (3.39 +/- 0.57), (2.46 +/- 0.46) and (1.63 +/- 0.44) mg/g in groups B, C and D, remarkably lower than (4.28 +/- 0.31) mg/g in group A (P < 0.01). Histological analysis revealed obviously decreased diameters of seminiferous tubules, reduced seminiferous epithelia and disarranged spermatogenic cells in the three radiation groups. The tubule differentiation indexes (TDI) were markedly lower in groups B, C and D than in A (P < 0.01). The levels of serum FSH were (6.74 +/- 1.95), (8.41 +/- 2.44) and (10.93 +/- 3.16) IU/L in groups B, C and D, 1.9 times higher in D than in A. With increased dose of radiation, the mRNA levels of inhibin beta in the testis tissue were descended, while the transcription levels of claudin-11 elevated, significantly higher in groups C and D than in A (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Local radiation-induced testicular oxidative stress can decrease the mRNA level of inhibin beta , increase serum FSH, damage Sertoli cells and elevate the expression of claudin-11 in the testis tissue. Increased claudin-11 and serum FSH may delay the cyclical restitution of hemo-testicular barrier and reduce the number of meiotic spermatocytes in the seminiferous epithelium, which consequently leads to male infertility.</p>

Establishment of predictive model of testicular torsion in pediatric patients with acute scrotum / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To establish a predictive model of testicular torsion according to the clinical data of pediatric patients with acute scrotum.Methods Retrospective study was performed to analyze medical records of 118 pediatric patients with acute scrotum.A case-control study was conducted,the case group included the patients with testicular torsion and the control group included the patients without testicular torsion.Data of patients including physical signs and laboratory tests related to testicular torsion were assessed by univariate analysis through Chi-square test or t test.All factors which had statistical significance in the univariate analysis were used as independent variables for multivariate Logistic analysis to establish a predictive model of pediatric testicular torsion.Results There were 54 patients in the case group and 64 patients in the control group.Vanishment of cremaster reflex,duration of pain,fever,urine positive and fading away of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) were independent predictors of pediatric testicular torsion (all P ＜ 0.05),and the OR values were 4.330,0.888,0.229,0.107 and 4.408,respectively.The predictive model of testicular torsion in pediatric patients was as follows:In [P / (1-P)] =2.307 + 1.466 × vanishment of cremaster reflex-0.119 × duration of pain-1.476 × fever-2.235 × urine positive + 1.484 × CDFI.Conclusions The Logistic regression model,which takes into account vanishment of cremaster reflex,duration of pain,fever,urine positive and CDFI,can be used to predict the risk factors of pediatric testicular torsion to provide a basis of surgical exploration.

Protective effects of puerarin on 60Co-gamma-induced acute injury of sertoli cells of testis in mice / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effects of puerarin on 60Co-y-induced acute injury of sertoli cells of testis in mice and the mechanisms for its radiation protection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty male Wistar mice were randomly divided into four groups, i. e., the normal group, the model group, the low dose puerarin group, and the high dose puerarin group, respectively, 10 in each. The lower abdomen and scrotal area of mice were irradiated with a single dose of 8 Gy 60Co-gamma ray for 517 s in the model and two puerarin groups. Twenty-four h after modeling, different concentrations of puerarin (at the daily dose of 230 and 450 mg/kg respectively) were given to mice in the low and high dose groups by gastrogavage, once daily for two successive weeks. Equal volume of physiological saline was given to mice in the normal group and the model group, once daily for two successive weeks. The morphology of the testicular tissues was observed. The levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and inhibin beta were determined by ELISA. The relative expressions of Inhibin beta mRNA in the testicular tissues were determined by Real-time quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells were injured at different degrees in the model group. They were improved in the low and high dose puerarin groups, more obviously in the high dose puerarin group. Compared with the normal group, the level of serum FSH in the model group was significantly improved, while the serum level of Inhibin beta and the expression of Inhibin beta mRNA obviously decreased, showing statistical difference (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of serum FSH, Inhibin beta, and the expression of Inhibin beta mRNA were significantly improved in the low and high dose puerarin groups (P<0.05), more obviously in the high dose puerarin group (P<0.01, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chinese medicine monomer of puerarin had certain protective effects on 60Co-gamma-induced acute injury of Sertoli cells in mice.</p>

Chinese medicinal monomer and compound for 60Co-gamma-induced spermatogenic disturbance in mice / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of the monomer and compound of the Chinese herbal drugs resveratrol, lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) and icariin on 60Co-gamma-induced spermatogenic disturbance in mice based on the theory of modern Chinese medicine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 105 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into seven groups, with 15 in each. Group A were normally raised and Groups B, C, D, E, F and G irradiated by 60Co-gamma 6 Gy followed by 60Co-gamma 4 Gy at the interval of 7 days. A week later, Groups C, D, E, F and G received intragastrically the suspension of resveratrol, resveratrol + LBP, resveratrol + icariin, resveratrol + LBP + icariin and resveratrol + LBP + icariin + L-carnitine, respectively, at the dose of 80 mg/(kg x d) for 60 days. The general condition, physical signs and body weight changes of the mice were recorded, and 24 hours after the intragastric medication, their testes were harvested to obtain the testicular weight and indexes, the levels of FSH, LH, T and E2 determined by ELISA, the T/E2 ratio calculated, and the histology of the testis tissues observed under the microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The testicular indexes of the mice were decreased by radiation-induced damage, but restored to some extent after intragastric medication, especially in Groups E, F and G. The levels of FSH, LH and T were obviously improved by LBP. The T level and testis weight were increased by Icariin. The level of T/E2 was elevated in Groups E, F and G. The best results were achieved in Group F, which exhibited almost complete recovery from reproductive endocrine disorder and spermatogenic damage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Chinese medicinal monomer is effective for 60Co-gamma-induced spermatogenic disturbance in mice, and the compound suspension of resveratrol + LBP + icariin produces the best result.</p>

Shengjing granule: an effective Chinese medicine for spermatogenic disturbance in mice / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of the Chinese medicine Shengjing Granule on spermatogenic disturbance in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-six male Kunming mice were randomly divided into a normal (n = 10), a model (n = 12), a control (n = 12) and a Shengjing group (n = 12), and models of spermatogenic disturbance were established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide in the latter three. Then the first two groups received intragastric administration of physiological saline and the second two that of clomiphene (21.6 mg/kg x d) and Shengjing Granule (16 g/kg x d), respectively, all for 15 days. On the following day, the testis weight was measured, the levels of the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), the luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) determined by radioimmunoassay. Histological observations were made of the testis tissues under the microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The testis index and T level were (3.958 +/- 0.342) g/kg and (7.046 +/- 0.291) nmo/L, obviously increased, while the levels of FSH and LH were (2.947 +/- 0.587) mIU/ml and (3.254 +/- 0.492) mIU/ml, significantly decreased, in the Shengjing group, as compared with (3.525 +/- 0.462) g/kg, (6.231 +/- 0.317) nmol/L, (5.428 +/- 0.719) mIU/ml and (5.155 +/- 0.460) mIU/ml in the model group (P < 0.05). The number of spermatogenic cells on the seminiferous tubules and that of sperm in the lumina of the tubules were markedly increased in the Shenginjg group, compared with the models. CoCONCLUSIONShenginjg Granule is effective for spermatogenic disturbance in mice.</p>

Shengjing Granule for varicocele in rats / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the influence and therapeutic effect of the Chinese herbal drug Shengjing Granule on varicocele in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 80 male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally randomized into a sham operation group and 3 varicocele model groups, and the latter 3 again subdivided into a model, a Shengjing and a Clomifene group. Fifteen days after the modeling, the Shengjing and the Clomifene groups were intragastrically given Shengling Granule and Clomifene at the dose of 4 g/(kg x d) and 20 mg/(kg x d), respectively, while the model and sham operation groups were on normal diet. Thirty days later, the effects of Shengjing Granule were assessed by determining such serum sexual hormones as FSH, LH and T and observing the morphological changes of the testes of different groups of rats under the light microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The testis constitution was better and the levels of FSH and LH were significantly lower in the Shengjing group than in the model and Clomifene groups (P<0.05) but markedly higher in the Clomifene group than in the other three. The T level showed no obvious difference among the Shengjing, Clomifene and sham operation groups but was significantly higher in the three groups than in the model group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Shengjing Granule can not only protect the testis from but also repair varicocele-induced injury, probably with a better efficacy than Clomifene.</p>

Expression of pin1 mRNA in the circulation of non-small cell lung cancer patients and influence of sequence of vessel ligation / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the expression of peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase NIMA-interacting l (pin1 mRNA) in the circulation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to investigate the effect of ligating pulmonary vein first or ligating pulmonary artery first during operation on haematogenous dissemination of cancer cells.@*METHODS@#Twenty-six consecutive patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection with curative intention were randomly assigned into pulmonary artery first-ligation group (PA group) and pulmonary vein first-ligation group (PV group). Blood samples were collected just before and 7 days after the operation. During the lobectomy, blood samples of the proximal part and distal part of the pulmonary vein when it was ligated were collected. Another 10 patients with benign lung disease served as control subjects undergoing surgical resection, and 10 healthy persons served as negative controls. All blood samples were subjected to real-time RT-PCR with pin1 mRNA as the marker.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the benign lung disease and healthy persons, pin1 mRNA in NSCLC was overexpressed (1.45 to approximately 29.86 vs.0.83 to approximately 1.26 vs 1, P0.05; 16.84+/-2.36 vs.13.36+/-1.78, P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#pin1 mRNA was overexpressed in the circulation of NSCLC. Ligation of pulmonary vein before the ligation of the pulmonary artery may decrease the expression of pin1 mRNA in the circulation, which can prevent the release of tumor cells into the bloodstream.

Alpha-glycosidase helps the diagnosis of epididymal obstructive azoospermia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the diagnostic value of alpha-glycosidase for epididymal lump induced obstructive azoospermia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-six infertile men with normal spermatogenic function were divided according to sperm density into a normal density group (n = 27), an oligospermia group (n = 21) and an obstructive azoospermia group (n = 28), and another 30 fertile males were included as normal controls. Semen plasma alpha-glycosidase, leucocyte count, sexual hormone levels and the diameters of the epididymal lumps were measured and their correlations were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>alpha-Glycosidase in the obstructive azoospermia group was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P <0.05), and negatively correlated with epididymal volume (r = -0.417, P <0.05) and leucocyte count (r = -0.342, P <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Alpha-Glycosidase has been proved of diagnostic value for epididymal obstructive azoospermia.</p>

Concentration of seminal plasma and serum inhibin B: a predictor in the diagnosis of azoospermia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the concentrations of seminal plasma and serum inhibin B in the differential diagnosis of obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We included 37 infertile men with obstructive azoospermia, another 33 with non-obstructive azoospermia and 25 normal fertile men as controls, and measured the concentrations of their FSH serum, seminal plasma and serum inhibin B, using Testicular Histology Johnson Score for the azoospermia infertile men.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The concentration ratio of seminal plasma to serum inhibin B was 2.17 in the control and 3.63 in the non-obstructive azoospermia group, with no significant difference (P = 0.29) in between, but obviously lower in the obstructive azoospermia group (0.18), significantly different from the above two (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The concentration ratio of seminal plasma to serum inhibin B can be used as a predictor in the diagnosis of obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia.</p>

Analyse of zinc and acid phosphatase in seminal plasma and sperm parameters of infertile male / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study was to investigate the relationship among zinc, acid phosphatase levels in seminal plasma and sperm parameters in infertile male.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The activities of zinc and acid phosphatase in seminal plasma were detected and leucocytes was stained and counted in 169 infertile men and 21 normal fertility as control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Acid phosphatase levels in infertile groups were significantly lower than those in the normal control when grouped both in terms of sperm vitality and density( P < 0.01), but no statistical differences were observed among infertile groups (P > 0.05). Further, zinc levels in necrospermia groups were lower than those in the control (P > 0.05). The leucocyte numbers in infertile groups were larger than those in the control when grouped according to sperm density (P < 0.001), and the same results were obtained when grouped in terms of sperm vitality except in the necrospermia group (P > 0.05). Acid phosphatase and zinc levels were not correlated with leucocyte counting (r = 0.088, P = 0.162; r = 0.119, P = 0.057).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The descent of acid phosphatase and ascent of leucocyte number in seminal plasma can result in the fall of sperm vitality and density, and can be used to be diagnostic indexes of male infertility. Seminal zinc levels in infertile groups were lower than those in the control, but there was no statistical significance.</p>

Effect of Different Proportions of Mixed Blood Exchange Transfusion on Blood Internal Environment in Neonates with Hemolytic Disease / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the effect of different proportions of mixed blood exchange transfusion on blood circulation in neonates with hemolytic disease.Methods Thirty-one newborn infants with hemolytic disease were treated by peripheral arteriovenous synchronization of exchange transfusion with different proportions mixed blood.AB type plasma was mixed with O type red blood cell(RBC) washing.The proportion for the treatment group was 1:1(the O type RBCs 2 U:the AB type plasma 200 mL),by exchange transfusion of haplotypes,in accordance with 80?mL/kg;the proportion for control group was 2:1(the O type RBC 4 U:the AB type plasma 200 mL),by exchange transfusion of double in accordance with 150-180 mL/kg.The indicators were detected,such as the exchange rate of neonatal serum bilirubin,RBC,hemoglobin(Hb),hematocrit(HCT),and the exchange transfusion quantity and days of hospitalization before and after the exchange transfusion were analyzed.Results The exchange rate of serum bilirubin of treatment group and control group was (44.92?3.99)% and (45.69?5.06)%,respectively,there was no significant difference between 2 groups(P=0.639),there was no significant difference of hospitalization days[(8.13?1.13) d vs(8.19?0.91) d]between 2 groups(P=0.884).After exchange transfusion in treatment group,the average level of the RBC,Hb and HCT were increased(P

Surgical treatment of cor triatriatum in 15 patients / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To review the clinical data of pathological morphology, diagnosis, surgical treatment of cor triatriatum in 15 patients.@*METHODS@#Fifteen patients with a mean age of (14.6+/-10.3) years (range from 6 months to 40 years) were performed operations under extracorporeal circulation. Fourteen of the patients had cor triatriatum sinister, and 1 had cor triatriatum dexter; 12 of the 15 patients had other cardiac abnormalities. The excision of the fibromuscular membrane was accomplished through a right atrial incision in all of the 14 cases, and the associated abnormalities were corrected at the same time.@*RESULTS@#One patient died after the operation, and the other survivors had good outcome.@*CONCLUSION@#Operation is necessary if the diagnosis is clear. The patients generally have good prognosis. Surgical results of cor triatriatum depend on the complexity of associated defects and the adequacy of the repair.