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Objective Objective To explore the characteristics and determinants of natural chan-ges in CD4+lymphocyte counts among HIV -infected patients without previous antiviral therapy in two dis-tricts of Shanghai . [ Methods] A retrospective study was conducted on HIV -infected patients reported from 1987 through May 2013 in two districts of Shanghai , who had received at least twice CD 4+lymphocyte counting tests before antiretroviral treatment ( ART) .The characteristics of natural changes in CD 4+lympho-cyte count and the determinants of significant decrease in count were described . [ Results] A total of 365 patients were included in the study .The monthly rate of CD 4+lymphocyte count changes between the first and the last counting tests had a median of -4.4 (IQR:-11.1~0.2).Among them 263(72.1%) showed remarkable decrease in CD 4+lymphocyte counts and 143 ( 39 .2%) presented a significant decrease (≥30%).Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the age , the first CD4+lymphocyte counts and the interval between the first and the last counting tests were significantly associated with the significant de -crease of CD4+lymphocyte counts among HIV-infected patients. [Conclusion] Natural changes of CD4+lymphocyte counts were gentle as a whole among untreated patients infected with HIV in central districts of Shanghai and rapid decrease in CD 4+lymphocyte counts among some HIV -infected patients was associated with many factors .It is held that CD 4+lymphocyte count and its changing rate should be regularly monitored so as to estimate the progress of the disease and perform targeted behavior intervention and clinic intervention .
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[Objective] To investigate the discrimination status among AIDS medical staff towards HIV/AIDS patients in XuHui district and analyze the factors influencing the discriminary attitude and be -havior will of medical staff . [ Methods] A total of 133 AIDS medical staff from 31 medical institutions were investigated by means of a self -designed questionnaire in Xuhui District . [ Results] In the atti-tude to PLWHA, the terms in the questionnaire with the highest and the lowest discrimination score were“people living with HIV should be sent to infection hospital” and “the privacy of people living with HIV should be respected”, whose scores were 1.59 and 0.03 points.In the behavior will to PLWHA, the terms with the highest and the lowest discrimination score were “not to shop from people living with HIV” and“willing to communicate with acquaintances infected with HIV”, whose scores were 1.05 and 0.48 points. The difference in discrimination score was female >male and clinical post >test post >healthcare post . [ Conclusion] Gender and occupation are the main factors affecting discrimination scores .The attitude and behavior will to PLWHA are inconsistent in some places .Measures should be taken to reduce PLWHA discrimination , such as effectively implementing the “AIDS prevention and control regulation”, strengthe-ning the occupation moral training of medical staff , and enhancing the occupation protection policy and training.
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Among those enzymes that regulate gene expression, histone deacetylases (HDACs) play important roles in cell cycles. Extensive studies were carried out in the field of HDACs and the applications of HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) as chemotherapeutic interventions for diverse diseases. HDACIs have moved from laboratories to clinic uses. Huge bodies of related research results were well documented and dispersed in literature. According to our understanding, HDACIs can be broadly classified as hydroxamic acids, cyclic tetrapeptides, short chain fatty acids, benzamides and electrophilic ketones. Herein, we are going to review the design and their structure-activity relationships of HDACIs and according to their structural catalogs.