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Objective To analyze the research status and trend of scarlet fever literature in China, and to provide reference for subsequent research. Methods Three major Chinese databases, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP, as well as Web of Science English database, were used to search for literature related to scarlet fever from 2000 to 2023. Citespace6.2.R2 software was used to statistically analyze the number of publications, authors, institutions and journals, co-cited literature, keyword clustering, and other literature characteristics of the literature. Results From 2000 to 2023, a total of 1 011 Chinese literature were included in the three major Chinese databases. Since 2011, the number of publications had gradually increased, but in recent years, the number of publications had decreased. The organization with the most publications was the Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The cluster analysis of key words mainly formed 9 cluster tags, and the high-frequency keywords mainly included epidemic characteristics, epidemiology, incidence rate, etc. A total of 84 English literature were included in the WOS database, with an overall upward trend in publication volume. The institution with the most publications was the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the most frequently cited journal was “LANCET INFECT DIS”.《Resurgence of scarlet fever in China: a 13-year population-based surveillance study》 was the most cited journal. After keyword cluster analysis, 9 cluster labels were mainly formed, and the keywords were mainly outbreak,Hong Kong, and Group A streptococcus. Conclusion Compared with the English literature, which mainly focuses on spatiotemporal aggregation, etiology and strain resistance, Chinese literature focuses more on epidemic surveillance, clinical features and quality nursing.
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@#<b>Objective</b> To analyze the process of intercomparison of national personal dose monitoring, evaluate the ability of personal dose monitoring, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of monitoring results in our laboratory. <b>Methods</b> In accordance with the intercomparison protocol for 2019—2021, an energy-discriminant thermoluminescence dosimeter was used for measurement at different doses. The uncertainty of measurement was evaluated and compared with the reference value. <b>Results</b> <i>H</i><sub>p</sub>(10) was measured for intercomparison in 2019—2021. In 2019, the single group performance difference was −0.02 to 0.02 and the comprehensive performance was 0.02. These values were 0.02-0.10 and 0.05 in 2020, and −0.02 to 0.02 and 0.01 in 2021. The intercomparison results were rated as excellent in the three consecutive years. <b>Conclusion</b> The personal dose monitoring system in our laboratory was in good condition, and the monitoring results were accurate and reliable. Improving the knowledge of personnel and cultivating a serious working attitude are important for intercomparison and personal dose monitoring.
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Objective:To establish and preliminarily validate a nomogram model for predicting the risk of retinal vein occlusion (RVO).Methods:A retrospective clinical study. A total of 162 patients with RVO (RVO group) diagnosed by ophthalmology examination in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2017 to April 2022 and 162 patients with age-related cataract (nRVO group) were selected as the modeling set. A total of 45 patients with branch RVO, 45 patients with central RVO and 45 patients with age-related cataract admitted to Xi'an Fourth Hospital from January 2022 to February 2023 were used as the validation set. There was no significant difference in gender composition ratio ( χ2=2.433) and age ( Z=1.006) between RVO group and nRVO group ( P=0.120, 0.320). Age, gender, blood routine (white blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, platelet count, neutrophil count, monocyte count, lymphocyte count, erythrocyte volume, mean platelet volume, platelet volume distribution width), and four items of thrombin (prothrombin time, activated partial thrombin time, fibrinogen, and thrombin time) were collected in detail ), uric acid, blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, lipoprotein a), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and cerebral infarction. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio were calculated. The single logistic regression was used to analyze the clinical parameters of the two groups of patients in the modeling set, and the stepwise regression method was used to screen the variables, and the column graph for predicting the risk of RVO was constructed. The Bootstrap method was used to repeated sample 1 000 times for internal and external verification. The H-L goodness-of-fit test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the calibration and discrimination of the nomogram model. Results:After univariate logistic regression and stepwise regression analysis, high density lipoprotein, neutrophil count and hypertension were included in the final prediction model to construct the nomogram. The χ2 values of the H-L goodness-of-fit test of the modeling set and the validation set were 0.711 and 4.230, respectively, and the P values were 0.701 and 0.121, respectively, indicating that the nomogram model had good prediction accuracy. The area under the ROC curve of the nomogram model for predicting the occurrence of post-stroke depression in the modeling set and the verification set was 0.741 [95% confidence interval ( CI) 0.688-0.795] and 0.741 (95% CI 0.646-0.836), suggesting that the nomogram model had a good discrimination. Conclusions:Low high density lipoprotein level, high neutrophil count and hypertension are independent risk factors for RVO. The nomogram model established based on the above risk factors can effectively assess and quantify the risk of post-stroke depression in patients with cerebral infarction.
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Objective:To analyze the hospitalization costs of delivery for postpartum women with different delivery methods, ages and comorbidities or complications, for references for medical institutions and medical insurance management departments to develop payment and compensation standards for inpatient delivery.Methods:The first page of medical records of hospitalized delivery women admitted to 8 large tertiary hospitals in Beijing from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected. Descriptive analysis was made on the mode of delivery, age, hospitalization expenses and cost structure of puerpera, as well as the hospitalization expenses of puerpera with different complications or complications. Wilcoxon rank sum test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Chi-squared test were used to statistically compare the level and structure differences between groups. Results:A total of 23 320 pregnant women were included, with an average age of 32.3 years. There were 13 605 cases of natural delivery and 9 715 cases of caesarean section. The median cesarean section rate in the right age group (<35 years old) and the elderly group (35-50 years old) were 36.73% and 56.58%, respectively, and the median hospital expenses were 5 865 yuan and 7 042 yuan, respectively. The median hospital expenses for natural delivery and caesarean section were 4 452 yuan and 10 033 yuan, respectively. The highest proportion of hospitalization expenses for natural delivery and cesarean section were treatment expenses (23.45%) and medicine expenses (29.19%), respectively. The median of hospitalization cost for women with≥2 comorbidities or complications (6 736 yuan) was higher than that for women with 1 comorbidities or complications (5 794 yuan).Conclusions:The hospitalization cost of cesarean section was significantly higher than that of natural delivery and the rate of cesarean section and the cost of delivery in women aged 35 and above were higher than those under 35 years old. The structure of hospitalization cost was different in different delivery modes, and the complications or complications had a greater impact on the average hospitalization expenses.
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Objective:To study the effect and mechanism of angiotensin type 1 receptor (AGTR1) blocker olmesartan (OMS) on the apoptosis of human Tenon capsule fibroblasts (HTF).Methods:Tenon capsule tissues were obtained from patients during strabismus surgery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.Primary HTF were cultured by explant culture.Primary cells were identified by vimentin immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry.The fibrosis model of HTF was established using 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2). The cells were divided into normal control group cultured in culture medium, TGF-β2 group in culture medium containing TGF-β2, TGF-β2+ OMS group in culture medium containing TGF-β2 and OMS, and OMS group in culture medium containing OMS, and were cultured for 48 hours.Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with annexin V/PI staining.The early apoptosis, late apoptosis, and total apoptosis rates were analyzed.The protein expression of procaspase-9, cleaved caspase-9, bax and bcl-2 in the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was detected by Western blot.The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was detected by colorimetry.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (No.2019-014).Results:Primary HTF were successfully isolated and cultured.The cultured cells were long spindle-shaped and positive for vimentin.The expression rate of vimentin in the primary cells was greater than 99%.A statistically statistical difference was found in the early apoptosis rate, late apoptosis rate, and total apoptosis rate among the four groups ( F=24.92, 3.96, 41.82; all at P<0.05). The early and total apoptosis rates were significantly higher in TGF-β2+ OMS group than normal control group and TGF-β2 group, and the late apoptosis rate in TGF-β2+ OMS group was significantly higher than that of normal control group (all at P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in cleaved caspase-9/procaspase-9, bax, and bax/bcl-2 among the four groups ( F=4.40, 7.98, 4.61; all at P<0.05). The bax/bcl-2 expression was significantly increased in TGF-β2+ OMS group in comparison with normal control group, and the expressions of cleaved caspase-9/procaspase-9, bax, and bax/bcl-2 were significantly elevated in TGF-β2+ OMS group compared with TGF-β2 group (all at P<0.05). LDH activity in the normal control group, TGF-β2 group, TGF-β2+ OMS group and OMS group was (783.99±79.97), (913.16±196.86), (2 529.06±240.21), and (2 134.29±138.96) μmol/(min·L), respectively, showing a statistically significant difference ( F=24.95, P<0.05). Compared with normal control group and TGF-β2 group, LDH activity in TGF-β2+ OMS group was increased, and the differences were statistically significant (both at P<0.05). SOD activity in the normal control group, TGF-β2 group, TGF-β2+ OMS group and OMS group was (50.35±0.97), (41.61±4.56), (28.88±3.26), and (37.61±4.83) μmol/(min·L), respectively, showing a statistically significant difference ( F=5.71, P<0.05). SOD activity was reduced in TGF-β2+ OMS group compared with normal control group and TGF-β2 group, reduced in OMS group compared with normal control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.05). Conclusions:AGTR1 blocker OMS can promote the apoptosis of HTF effectively.Mitochondrial apoptosis pathway mediated by bax/bcl-2/caspase-9 and oxidative stress pathway are the potential mechanisms that OMS regulates the apoptosis of HTF.
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BACKGROUND@#Although previous studies have shown that meteorological factors such as temperature are related to the incidence of bacillary dysentery (BD), researches about the non-linear and interaction effect among meteorological variables remain limited. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of temperature and other meteorological variables on BD in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, which is a high-risk area for BD distribution.@*METHODS@#Our study was based on the daily-scale data of BD cases and meteorological variables from 2014 to 2019, using generalized additive model (GAM) to explore the relationship between meteorological variables and BD cases and distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) to analyze the lag and cumulative effects. The interaction effects and stratified analysis were developed by the GAM.@*RESULTS@#A total of 147,001 cases were reported from 2014 to 2019. The relationship between temperature and BD was approximately liner above 0 °C, but the turning point of total temperature effect was 10 °C. Results of DLNM indicated that the effect of high temperature was significant on lag 5d and lag 6d, and the lag effect showed that each 5 °C rise caused a 3% [Relative risk (RR) = 1.03, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.05] increase in BD cases. The cumulative BD cases delayed by 7 days increased by 31% for each 5 °C rise in temperature above 10 °C (RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.30-1.33). The interaction effects and stratified analysis manifested that the incidence of BD was highest in hot and humid climates.@*CONCLUSIONS@#This study suggests that temperature can significantly affect the incidence of BD, and its effect can be enhanced by humidity and precipitation, which means that the hot and humid environment positively increases the incidence of BD.
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Humanos , Pequim/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Disenteria Bacilar/epidemiologia , Umidade , TemperaturaRESUMO
There are many bidirectional communication and crosstalk between microbes and host plants. The plant-pathogen interaction directly affects the survival of host plants, while the interaction between plants and their probiotics benefits both. Plant miRNA responds quickly to pathogenic or beneficial microbes when they enter the plant tissues, while microbes also produce miRNA-like RNA (milRNA) to affect plant health. These means miRNA or milRNA is an important fast-responding molecular mediator in plant-microbe interactions, and these internal mechanisms have been better understood in recent years. This review summarized the regulatory roles of miRNA in plant-pathogens and plant-probiotics interaction. The regulatory role of miRNA in disease resistance of host plants during plant-pathogens interaction, and the regulatory role of miRNA in promoting host growth and development during plant-probiotics interaction, as well as the cross-kingdom regulatory role of milRNA in host plants, were discussed in-depth.
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Resistência à Doença , MicroRNAs/genética , Interações Microbianas , Plantas/genéticaRESUMO
Objective To analyze the status quo and existing problems of radiation protection for veterinary X-ray facilitiesin Beijing-Tianjin region, China, and to provide a basis for improving radiation protection management level. Methods According to the requirements of the Technical guidelines for status quo assessment of occupational hazard of the employing unit (AQ/T 4270—2015), the study performed status quo assessment on the workplaces of veterinary X-ray facilities in 16 pet hospitals in Beijing-Tianjin region, and comprehensively analyzed the impact of the workplaces on the health of radiation workers and the public. Results In terms of personnel management, the pass rates of occupational health management post setting, personnel training, personal protective equipment, individual monitoring of occupational external exposure, notification of occupational hazards, and occupational health surveillance were 100%, 81.3%, 100%, 75%, 37.5%, and 25%, respectively. In terms of workplace management, most workplaces had reasonable layout and zoning and complete protection and emergency devices. However, there were some problems in some places, such as non-standard radiation warning signs, no notice board of occupational hazards, and no radiation protection testing. In terms of document management, all institutions had imperfect system documents. Conclusion The workplaces of veterinary X-ray facilities in 16 institutions basically meet the requirements for radiation protection, but there are also some problems, such as inadequate management of personnel and workplace radiation protection, and imperfect system documents. Institutions should strengthen the study of radiation protection knowledge. The competent authorities should strengthen supervision, formulate corresponding standards for radiation protection, enhance training, and improve the professional level of staff.
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Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by a decreased skeletal muscle mass, a reduced strength, and a decreased performance.A key component of sarcopenia management is nutritional intervention.Currently, most of research focused on the roles of protein-energy metabolism and essential amino acids or their metabolites in the intervention of sarcopenia.However, as an important nutrient, little is known about the role of vitamins in sarcopenia.This review summarized the state-of-the-art evidence regarding the associations of vitamin D, B, C, E, and carotenoid with sarcopenia.Based on observational studies, a robust relationship between different types of vitamins and sarcopenia has been established, which implies that vitamin supplementation may be valuable for preventing sarcopenia in the elderly, especially in those with vitamin deficiencies.However, there are few clinical trials to explore the effects of vitamins for preventing or treating sarcopenia.Well-designed clinical trials are therefore needed to address this important issue.
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Objective:To calculate the conversion coefficient from dose area product (DAP) to organ absorbed dose by Monte Carlo method in order to conveniently estimate doses to patient organ during coronary intervention procedure.Methods:The Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation kit was used to calculate the organ absorbed dose conversion coefficients by simulating exposure scene.Results:The conversion coefficients used in coronary angiography (CAG) for lung, bone marrow, liver and heart were (0.283±0.068), (0.169±0.049), (0.110±0.077) and (0.080±0.032) mGy/(Gy·cm 2) for male, and (0.376±0.121), (0.192±0.056), (0.153±0.105), and (0.102±0.033) mGy/(Gy·cm 2) for female, respectively. These were similar to those in the case of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The DAPs for different interventional procedures were statistically significant ( t=-6.012, P<0.05). The DAPs for difference gender groups had no statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Conversion coefficient for organ absorbed dose has little correlation with CAG and PCI in the same sex group. Dose conversion coefficients for female group are greater than those for male group in the same procedure. Conversion coefficients from DAP to organ absorbed dose calculated with Monte Carlo method can provide convenience for rapidly estimating the organ absorbed dose to clinical patients.
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A set of new operational quantities for external radiation protection was proposed in ICRU Report 95. The new operational quantities were designed to overcome the conceptual and technical shortcomings of the existing operational quantities, and to achieve a better estimation of the protection quantities. This paper introduces the development of operational quantities, and the changes in their definitions, calculation phantoms and the application scopes, so as to fully understand the significance of the changes in the new operational quantities, which can be used as a reference for the relevant professionals.
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With the wide application of nuclear medicine and the increase in the number of related staff, the potential occupational health problems should receive enough attention. At present, the personal dose monitoring of most radiation workers in nuclear medicine is mainly based on the information on external exposure provided by thermoluminescence dosimeters whereas the routine internal exposure monitoring has not fully been carried out, thus resulting in underestimating their annual effective dose. Comprehensive personal dose monitoring is not only an important part of occupational health monitoring, but also a crucial means of occupational health management. In this paper, the characteristics of internal exposure in nuclear medicine were analyzed, the monitoring techniques and dose estimating method were introduced, and several commonly used softwares were listed, so as to comprehensively and objectively learn about the current internal radiation exposure of nuclear medicine workers, and to provide reference for health administration departments to formulate regulatory policies and protection requirements.
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Objective To evaluate the current status of radioactive occupational hazards in the construction of some medical institutions in Tianjin, discover existingproblems and deficiencies, and provide a technical basis for radiation protection management. Methods Based on the requirements of relevant regulations and standards, we comprehensivelyevaluated the results of the pre-evaluation and control effect evaluation of 81 radioactive occupational hazards in Tianjin. Results Among the 35 proposed protective measures for pre-evaluation of radiation occupational hazards constructionprojects, the lowest compliance rate is warning signs and personal protective equipment. Among the 46 construction projects of radioactive occupational hazard control evaluation, the pass rate of protective measures was between 73.9% and 100%, with the lowest pass rate for personal protective equipment. Besides, the pass rate of radiation protectionmanagement evaluation was 95.7% ~ 100%, with the lowest pass rate for the protection management system.The initial inspectionpass rateof the equipment quality control acceptancewas 98.6%, while the pass rate was 97.1% for the relevant workplace radiation protection during the initial inspection. Conclusion The pre-evaluation completion rate of radiological occupational hazard evaluation in Tianjin medical institution construction project, unilateral and area of construction room, workplace layout and zoning, ventilation, shielding measures, personal dose management and occupational health inspection all meet the requirements of regulations and standards. However, there are still some deficiencies in the personal protective equipment, warning signs and the radiation protection management system. Therefore, the regulatory department should further strengthen the evaluation of medical institutions, especially the key supervision and management of non-conformities.
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Objective:To investigate the MRI differences between locally advanced rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma before and after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCR).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect the clinical and imaging data of 165 patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma treated by NCR combined with surgery from October 2016 to October 2019 in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 36 cases were rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma and 129 cases were non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. The image features of the two groups before and after NCR were evaluated based on MRI, including the length and thickness of the tumor, the distance from the lower edge of the tumor to the anal edge, T stage, N stage, involvement of mesorectal fascia (MRF) and peritoneal reflux. The difference of NCR and the change of MRI characteristics after NCR were compared by independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test or χ 2 test. The accuracy of MRI re-staging after NCR was evaluated according by postoperative pathological staging results. Results:Before NCR, there was significant difference in length of tumor between mucinous adenocarcinoma and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma groups ( P=0.044), there was no significant difference in the distance from the lower edge of the tumor to the anal edge, thickness of the tumor, T stage, N stage, involvement of MRF and peritoneal reflux (all P>0.05). After NCR, in patients with non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, the distance reduction from the lower edge of the tumor to the anal edge, the length reduction of the tumor, the thickness reduction of the tumor, the T-stage decline rate were significantly higher than those in the mucinous adenocarcinoma group (all P<0.05). The N-stage decline rate of mucinous adenocarcinoma was higher than that in non-mucinous adenocarcinoma group ( P=0.008). After NCR, MRI overestimated T staging of patients with both mucinous adenocarcinoma and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma compared with pathological T-stage ( P<0.001). In patients with mucinous adenocarcinoma, MRI overstated the N-stage than pothology ( P=0.001). Conclusions:There is different sensitivity of mucinous adenocarcinoma and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma to NCR. Patients with non-mucinous adenocarcinoma benefit more from the efficacy of NCR. The accuracy of MRI in re-staging of rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma and non-mucinous adenocarcinoma after NCR needs to be improved.
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Objective:To understand the current status of quality control of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment in Tianjin, discuss the problems existing in the process of quality control, and provide technical basis for the relevant regulatory agencies.Methods:Using stratified random sampling, a total of 401 pieces of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment distributed over 111 medical institutions in Tianjin was used for this study. X-ray multifunctional dosimeters and other types of equipment were used to perform quality control testing and evaluation under the relevant health industry standards.Results:The initial testing pass rate of these equipment was 90.0%, with the pass rates of X-ray imaging equipment lower than those of X-ray fluoroscopy equipment, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) ( χ2=9.203, 3.383, 5.754, P<0.05). Among the imaging equipment, the screen X-ray equipment had the lowest pass rate, followed by the breast X-ray equipment and medical digital radiography (DR). The main unqualified items were output repeatability, deviation of tube voltage indication and limit spatial resolution. DR accounted for the highest percentage of X-ray equipment that were below testing condition. The unqualified proportion of X-ray imaging equipment was higher than that of X-ray fluoroscopy equipment ( χ2=8.216, P <0.05). Among the imaging equipment, the screen X-ray equipment was seen to have the highest unaqualified proportion, followed by computed radiography (CR). Among the 401 devices in this study, the initial testing pass rates of private medical institutions was not statistically different from those of public medical institutions ( P>0.05). The initial pass rates of domestic equipment was lower than those of imported equipment ( χ2=4.576, P<0.05). Conclusions:The performance of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment in Tianjin needs to be further improved. Medical institutions should pay attention to the quality control testing of medical X-ray diagnostic equipment. The relevant regulatory agencies should strengthen oversight and management of equipment that contains unqualified items, no baseline values and below the testing conditions.
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Objective To investigate effect of high dose irradiation on the performances of thermolumines-cence detectors (LiF:Mg, Cu, P). Methods The high-dose irradiated thermoluminescence detector was annealed by a thermoluminescence annealing furnace until the annealing was completed, and then the annealed thermoluminescent detector was irradiated 0.5Gy by 137Cs irradiator to verify the accuracy of the thermoluminescentdetector. Results The thermoluminescence detector after high-dose irradiation could not be completely annealed under the temperature condition of 240 ℃, and it could be completely annealed at a high temperature as 400℃. After 0.5 Gy irradiation by 137Cs irradiator, the measurement results of the annealed thermoluminescence detector were significantly smaller, and the dose response and dispersion of the detector were also changed significantly. Conclusions After a more than 5 Gy irradiation, the crystal structure of the thermoluminescence detector has changed, and a high temperature peak above 240 ℃ has appeared, which leads to the failure to completely anneal at normal temperature. Therefore, the thermoluminescence detector can no longer be used for dosimetry after high-dose irradiation.
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Objective To observe the aesthetic effect of low concentration of at-home bleaching combined with microabrasion and resin infiltration on stained dental fluorosis.Methods Twenty-three patients with stained dental fluorosis were selected from June 2017 to June 2018 in Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University.All patients were treated with minimally invasive whitening technology of microabrasion,10% low concentration of at-home bleaching and resin infiltration.The aesthetic treatment effect was observed before and after treatment by VITA aesthetic shade guide matching.Stained spots were chosen and colorimetric assay was performed using CMYK shade guide before treatment.According to the color of the splash,the light and shade were divided into light grade,medium grade and heavy grade.The CMYK data of the selected spot and complete decolorization ratio (stain decolorization rate) were recorded 1 week and half a year after treatment.Meanwhile,tooth sensitivity was recorded using visual analogue scale (VAS).Results The shades of 92 teeth of 23 dental fluorosis patients were increased more than 5 degrees after a series of whitening treatment,1 tooth was 2-4 degrees,and the total effective rate was 100.00% (92/92).Decolorization rates of light grade,medium grade and heavy grade were 100.00% (100/100),100.00% (120/120) and 97.78% (88/90),respectively,1 week after treatment.Half a year after treatment,bleaching decolorization rate had no significant difference compared with that of 1 week after treatment (P > 0.05).Tooth sensitivity was 91.30% (21/23).Almost all patients had mild and moderate teeth sensitivity during treatment.The symptoms of tooth sensitivity were disappeared after the treatment.Conclusions The whitening technology of microabrasion,10% low concentration of at-home bleaching and resin infiltration has a significant decolorization whitening effect,and has a certain degree of stability and no sensitive teeth after treatment.It is worthy of clinical application.
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Objective@#To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of human brucellosis in Huai'an of Jiangsu Province, and to provide evidence for the formulation of prevention and control measures.@*Methods@#Relevant data was collect through "Infectious Disease Report Information Management System". Descriptive epidemiology (population distribution, time distribution, regional distribution) and clinical characteristics analysis of brucellosis were conducted in Huai'an City from 2013 to 2018.@*Results@#Totally 704 cases of brucellosis had been reported in Jiangsu Province, with an average annual incidence of 0.146 7/100 000, among which 32 cases (4.55%) had been reported in Huai'an, with an average annual incidence of 0.110 0/100 000 from 2013 to 2018. The annual outcomes (incidence rates) were 2 (0.041 6/100 000), 4 (0.083 4/100 000), 6 (0.124 7/100 000), 6 (0.123 2/100 000), 8 (0.163 6/100 000) and 6 (0.122 1/100 000), respectively. Most of the cases were males (20 cases, 62.5%), and aged mainly focused from 40-< 60 years old (20 cases, 62.5%). The occupation was mainly farmers (21 cases, 65.6%). The contact with animals was mainly sheep, and the contact mode was feeding and slaughtering. The cases mainly occurred from March to September (26 cases), and all districts had cases except Hongze. The main clinical manifestations were fever, fatigue, hyperhidrosis and arthromyalgia, with 30 cases (93.8%), 28 cases (87.5%), 25 cases (78.1%) and 22 cases (68.8%), respectively. Some cases showed enlargement of liver, spleen, lymph nodes and testis.@*Conclusions@#The incidence of brucellosis in Huai'an City is on the rise, and the characteristics of population distribution, time distribution and regional distribution are obvious. The clinical features are mainly fever, fatigue, and hyperhidrosis. We should strengthen the monitoring of brucellosis, carry out health education for high-risk groups, and reduce the occurrence of brucellosis.
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Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of human brucellosis in Huai'an of Jiangsu Province, and to provide evidence for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods Relevant data was collect through "Infectious Disease Report Information Management System". Descriptive epidemiology (population distribution, time distribution, regional distribution) and clinical characteristics analysis of brucellosis were conducted in Huai'an City from 2013 to 2018. Results Totally 704 cases of brucellosis had been reported in Jiangsu Province, with an average annual incidence of 0.1467/100000, among which 32 cases (4.55%) had been reported in Huai'an, with an average annual incidence of 0.1100/100000 from 2013 to 2018. The annual outcomes (incidence rates) were 2 (0.0416/100000), 4 (0.0834/100000), 6 (0.1247/100000), 6 (0.1232/100000), 8 (0.1636/100000) and 6 (0.1221/100000), respectively. Most of the cases were males (20 cases, 62.5%), and aged mainly focused from 40 - < 60 years old (20 cases, 62.5%). The occupation was mainly farmers (21 cases, 65.6%). The contact with animals was mainly sheep, and the contact mode was feeding and slaughtering. The cases mainly occurred from March to September (26 cases), and all districts had cases except Hongze. The main clinical manifestations were fever, fatigue, hyperhidrosis and arthromyalgia, with 30 cases (93.8%), 28 cases (87.5%), 25 cases (78.1%) and 22 cases (68.8%), respectively. Some cases showed enlargement of liver, spleen, lymph nodes and testis. Conclusions The incidence of brucellosis in Huai'an City is on the rise, and the characteristics of population distribution, time distribution and regional distribution are obvious. The clinical features are mainly fever, fatigue, and hyperhidrosis. We should strengthen the monitoring of brucellosis, carry out health education for high -risk groups, and reduce the occurrence of brucellosis.
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Objective@#To further study the effects of distal-less homeobox gene 5 (Dlx-5) and Msh homeobox 1 (Msx-1) in the pathogenic mechanism of bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) .@*Methods@#Twenty-four SD rats were divided into two groups, the experimental group was injected intraperitoneally with zoledronic acid for 12 weeks (0.2 mg/kg, three times a week), and the control group was injected with saline solution for 12 weeks. The first mandibular molars were extracted after 12 weeks. All of the animals were sacrificed eight weeks after teeth extraction. The BRONJ was diagnosed by gross observation, X-ray examination and histopathlolgical examination. Through real-time PCR, the expression level of Dlx-5 and Msx-1 were detected in the mandible of BRONJ samples and normal samples.@*Results@#X-ray examination and histopathlolgical analysis showed the presence of BRONJ. The results of real-time PCR showed that the expression levels of Dlx-5 were increased (P=0.001) and the expression level of Msx-1 was decreased (P=0.001) in the experimental group compared with the control group.@*Conclusions@#Dlx-5 and Msx-1 genes play roles in the pathogenic mechanism of BRONJ.