The relationship between mobile phone dependence and academic burden among junior middle school students in Guizhou Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between mobile phone dependence (MPD) and academic burden among junior middle school students in Guizhou Province, under the "double reduction" policy by using a multi level model, so as to provide a basis for preventing the occurrence of MPD.@*Methods@#From December 2021 to January 2022, 7 868 students from grade 1 to grade 3 in 3 cities (prefecture) of Guizhou Province were selected by multi stage stratification random sampling method, and on site investigation was conducted by self compiled questionnaire and Self rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use(SQAPMPU). Using MLwiN 2.30 to fit a multi level model of the relationship between MPD and academic burden among junior middle school students.@*Results@#The MPD detection rate of junior middle school students in Guizhou Province was 20.9%. The multi level model revealed that MPD of junior middle school students was clustered at the level of school and class ( χ 2= 1 565.32 , P <0.01), and high perceived academic pressure had a positive predictive effect on MPD among junior middle school students ( β =1.96). Homework duration ≥90 min/d at weekends had a negative predictive effect on MPD ( β =-0.55), while participation in off campus training on learning days had a positive predictive effect ( β =1.66)( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The MPD occurrence level is higher among junior middle school students in Guizhou Province. Perceived academic pressure, time spent on homework during weekends, off campus training and other academic burdens have an impact on MPD among junior middle school students, which should be a cause of concern for schools, families and social departments.

METTL3 promotes hyperoxia-induced pyroptosis in neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia by inhibiting ATG8-mediated autophagy

Abstract Objectives N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays a vital role in lung disorders. However, the potential of m6A in neonatal Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) has not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the roles of METTL3 in BPD. Methods BPD models were established by hyperoxia in vivo and in vitro. Histological analysis was determined using HE staining. Gene expression was determined using Western blotting, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. The release of IL-1β and IL-18 was detected using ELISA. The m6A sites of ATG8 were predicted by SCRAPM and verified by MeRIP assay. The location of GSDMD and ATG8 was determined by FISH assay. The interaction between ATG8 and GSDMD was detected using Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Cell pyroptosis was determined using flow cytometry and TUNEL assays. Results METTL3 was overexpressed in BPD, which was accompanied by an increase in m6A levels. Interestingly, METTL3 suppressed hyperoxia-mediated damage and pyroptosis in BEAS-2B cells and promoted cell autophagy. METTL3-mediated m6A modification of ATG8 suppressed its expression and disrupted the interaction between ATG8 and GSDMD. However, autophagy inhibition induced pyroptosis in BEAS-2B cells. In vivo assays showed that METTL3-mediated autophagy inhibition induced a decrease in the radial alveolar count and an increase in the mean linear intercept and promoted cell pyroptosis. Conclusion In conclusion, METTL3-mediated cell pyroptosis promotes BPD by regulating the m6A modification of ATG8. This may provide new insight into the development of BPD.

High-level soluble expression of phospholipase D from Streptomyces chromofuscus in Escherichia coli by combinatorial optimization

BACKGROUND: Phospholipase D (PLD) is used as the biocatalyst for phosphatidylserine (PS) production. In general, PLD was expressed in insoluble form in Escherichia coli. High-level soluble expression of PLD with high activity in E. coli is very important for industrial production of PLD. RESULTS: Streptomyces chromofuscus PLD coding gene was codon-optimized, cloned without signal peptide, and expressed in E. coli. The optimal recombinant E. coli pET-28a+PLD/BL21(DE3) was constructed with pET-28a without His-tag. The highest PLD activity reached 104.28 ± 2.67 U/mL in a 250-mL shake flask after systematical optimization. The highest PLD activity elevated to 122.94 ± 1.49 U/mL by feeding lactose and inducing at 20 C after scaling up to a 5.0-L fermenter. Substituting the mixed carbon source with 1.0 % (w/v) of cheap dextrin and adding a feeding medium could still attain a PLD activity of 105. 81 ± 2.72 U/mL in a 5.0-L fermenter. Fish peptone from the waste of fish processing and dextrin from the starch are both very cheap, which were found to benefit the soluble PLD expression. CONCLUSIONS: After combinatorial optimization, the high-level soluble expression of PLD was fulfilled in E. coli. The high PLD activity along with cheap medium obtained at the fermenter level can completely meet the requirements of industrial production of PLD.

Clinical features and risk factors in patients with microscopic colitis / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical, endoscopic and pathological data of patients with chronic diarrhea, and explore the possible risk factors of microscopic colitis (MC). Methods A prospective analysis of the clinical data of patients with complaints of watery diarrhea from June 2016 to April 2017 was conducted. All patients received colonoscopy examination with multi-point intestinal mucosal biopsy, histopathological and HE Masson staining. The history and pathology were analyzed. Results In 102 cases of watery diarrhea, MC was diagnosed in 3 cases (3/102, 2.94％), of which there were 3 cases of collagenous colitis (CC) in all these cases, all of them were female, aged 24～36 years old, and no lymphocytic colitis (LC) in all these cases. Mucous membrane of normal or mild hyperemia and edema showed only; histopathology showed epithelial cell injury, intraepithelial lymphocytosis, inflammatory cell infiltration in lamina propria, subepithelial collagen thickening. Recent hypoglycemic agents, PPIs, gluten and other factors may be closely related to the incidence of MC. Conclusion MC is an important cause of chronic diarrhea, the clinical symptoms and endoscopic manifestations are nonspecific, chronic diarrhea patients should undergo colonoscopy under multi-point biopsy, the incidence may be related to the use of certain drugs (such as hypoglycemic agents, PPIs) and some foods (gluten).

The use of diammonium glycyrrhizinate in the treatment of hepatic dysfunction in burn patients / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the protective effect of diammonium glycyrrhizinate on hepatic function in burn patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty burn patients with hepatic dysfunction were enrolled in the study and were randomly divided into 2 groups, i. e. treatment (T, n = 10, with conventional treatment and intravenous infusion of 150 mg diammonium glycyrrhizinate per day for 14 days), and control (C, n = 10, with conventional treatment) groups. The blood samples in both groups were collected before and 7 and 15 days after the treatment. The serum contents of ALT, AST, GGT, ALP and PA in the blood samples were determined and analyzed comparatively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was obvious difference in the serum contents of ALT, AST, GGT, ALP and PA in the T group before treatment (168 +/- 46 U/L, 104 +/- 29 U/L, 162 +/- 37 U/L, 149 +/- 17 U/L, 310 +/- 35 mg/L, respectively) and 15 days after treatment (51 +/- 9 U/L, 31 +/- 3 U/L, 56 +/- 10 U/L, 103 +/- 9 U/L, 372 +/- 44 mg/L, respectively, P < 0.05). There was no difference in these indices in the C group before and after treatment (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Diammonium glycyrrhizinate seemed to be beneficial to the management of postburn hepatic dysfunction with obvious rapid depression of hepatic enzymes.</p>