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Objective:To explore the effects of the LAmbre device and mitral annulus(MA), as well as left atrium(LA) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation(NVAF) after left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) using real-time-three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE).Methods:Fity-six consecutive patients who underwent LAAC with the LAmbre device in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from June 2019 to March 2023 were retrospectively enrolled, with no or less than moderate mitral regurgitation (MR). All patients underwent pre-operative and follow-up two-and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (2D TEE, 3D TEE) at 60 days after the operation. The quantitative parameters of MA and LA were obtained by offline analysis using QLab 13.0 (Philips Healthcare, Andover, MA). Importantly, mitral annular measurements were made at seven time points throughout the cardiac cycle: early diastole, mid-diastole, late diastole, mitral valve closure, early systole, mid-systole, and late systole, which facilitates constructing the dynamic model of MA to assess the annular morphology and dynamics.Results:The values of AP diameter (APD), AL-PM diameter (ALPMD), 3D annulus circumference (3DAC), 3D annulus area (3DAA) decreased significantly compared with pre-operative values at all time points of the cardiac cycle (all P<0.05), while non-planar angle (NPA) and AH/CD were not apparently changed (all P>0.05 ). Throughout the cardiac cycle, MA showed regular changes, gradually increased in systole with the saddle shape deepened, and gradually decreased in diastole with the saddle shape shallowed.During systole, there was an increase in the rate of change of AP in MA [pre-operative (3.01±2.64)%, post-operative (3.81±3.51)%, P=0.037] after LAAC, with no significant difference in the rate of change of ALPM, 3DAC, and 3DAA.Meanwhile, we observed an evident reduction in LA minimal volume (LAVmin) [pre-operative (78.36±25.16)ml, post-operative (70.73±22.78)ml, P=0.004] and an obvious increase in LA ejection function [pre-operative (22.88±10.09)%, post-operative (31.41±12.28)%, P<0.05] during follow-up. Conclusions:3D TEE can accurately assess the impact of LAAC on the MA and LA. The LAmbre device can affect the morphology of MA, as well as the structure and function of LA, while the change of the dynamics of MA is not so prominent.
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Objective:To analyze the experiences and practice in the reform of public hospital salary system in Sichuan province, summarize the typical modes of such reform in the province, and provide references for further reform.Methods:As of October 29, 2021, the research group received 77 sets of typical experience materials submitted by the health commissions and public hospitals in Sichuan province on enforcing the reform of the public hospital salary system. The analysis framework was based on the five main elements proposed in the Guidance to Deepening the Reform of the Salary System of Public Hospitals for the purpose of furthering the reform. These five elements refer to " reasonably determining the level of salary in public hospitals" " fully implementing the autonomy of internal distribution in public hospitals " " establishing and improving the incentive and restraint mechanism for the remuneration of public hospital leaders" " improving the assessment and evaluation mechanism oriented to public welfare" and " funding sources ". A quantitative analysis was made on the typical experience materials using the social network analysis method, while a qualitative analysis was made on the typical experience materials using the content analysis method. Results:The results of social network analysis showed that the network density was 0.272; the highest point centrality was " fully implement the autonomy of internal distribution in public hospitals" (0.935), and the highest intermediary centrality was " improving the assessment and evaluation mechanism oriented to public welfare" (0.870), while the closeness to centrality of " establishing and improving the incentive and constraint mechanism for the salary of public hospital leaders" (0.434) and " funding sources" (0.421) were relatively low. The results of content analysis showed that the ones with higher frequency among all the typical experience materials were " fully implementing the autonomy of internal distribution of hospitals" (72 times) and " improving the assessment and evaluation mechanism oriented to public welfare" (67 times), while the ones with lower frequency were " establishing and improving the salary incentive and constraint mechanism for public hospital leaders" (17 times) and " funding sources" (14 times). In terms of unity and synergy, the typical models of public hospital salary system reform in the province could be categorized as the fine standard mode, the fair value mode, the autonomous synergy mode and the circular symbiosis mode.Conclusions:Deepening the reform of the salary system of public hospitals should unify the standards and improve the fair and refined assessment and evaluation mechanism; explore various forms of distribution and build an internal autonomous and synergistic incentive mechanism; pay attention to the weak remuneration incentive mechanism for hospital leaders and the problem of a relatively single source of funding.
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Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) contains rich information and functions. The research on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) targeting lncRNA mainly involves tumors, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine and metabolic related diseases, osteoporosis and other diseases, which are used to explore the mechanism of TCM and the differetiation of TCM syndromes or constitution, etc. LncRNA has important application prospects in the field of TCM. The study of lncRNA may provide new ways and technical methods for the research of modern TCM.
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Objective:To analyze the salary characteristics of medical institutions and the influencing factors of personnel expenditure as found in the salary system reform of public hospitals in Sichuan province, for reference in furthering such reform in public hospitals.Methods:The data of personnel expenditure, business operation and medical services came from 96 medical institutions in 21 cities(prefectures)of Sichuan province from 2017 to 2020 by means of institutional survey. The average salary level and salary structure of medical staff were used to describe the salary characteristics, and the total salary was presented by the level of personnel expenditure. The measurement data was represented by M(IQR), the counting data was described by frequency and constituent ratio, and the influencing factors of personnel expenditure were analyzed by generalized linear mixed model. Results:From 2017 to 2020, the personnel expenditure of medical institutions increased by 13.04% annually. In 2020, the per capita salary level of medical staff was 151 900 yuan, while the basic salary and performance salary accounted for 16.20% and 54.60% of personnel expenditure respectively. The analysis results of the generalized linear mixed model showed that the average cost of patients per visit( β=0.596), the level of drugs and sanitary materials consumed per 100 yuan medical income( β=0.286), the number of medical visits( β=0.328), and the years [(2018, 2019, 2020) β=0.025, 0.052, 0.066] were positively correlated to personnel expenditure, while the average length of stay( β=-0.693), the proportion of medical service income( β=-0.392), and the balance rate of income and expenditure( β=-0.062)were negatively correlated to personnel expenditure( P<0.05). The proportion of fiscal subsidy revenue, regional GDP and asset-liability ratio were not the influencing factors of personnel expenditure( P> 0.05). Conclusions:In the reform of the salary system of the province, its salary level of medical institutions has surpassed the current wage ceiling of these institutions. As the salary distribution was mainly made based on the workload, the " baton" role of the salary system reform has begun to pay off. However, the basic guarantee role of compensation has not yet been fully leveraged.Further reform is needed in upgrading refined management, and timely dynamic adjustment of personnel expenditure in combination with the hospital's financial performance and cost analysis, and reasonably optimizing the level of medical staff compensation.
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Objective:To analyze the staff salary status and the influencing factors in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) hospitals implementing the salary system reform in Sichuan province in 2020, for reference in optimizing the salary system reform of such hospitals.Methods:Cluster sampling and institutional survey were used to collect the salary information of 26 TCM hospitals in 21 cities(prefectures)of Sichuan province implementing the salary system reform in 2020. Such information was then subject to descriptive analysis, while the influencing factors of salary were subject to one-way analysis of variance and generalized linear model multifactor analysis.Results:15 428 staff from 26 TCM hospitals were included as the research objects. In 2020, personnel expenditure accounted for 40.23% of the total expenditure, and 24.34% of which came from financial subsidy in 26 TCM hospitals. The average annual payable income per person was(149 312±74 288)yuan, 67.82% of which being performance pay. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among the salary levels of staff in different economic regions, hospital grades, hospital levels, gender, educational background, position, seniority, performance pay ratio, employment in the government system and other natures, senior and other professional titles, doctors and other positions( P<0.05), and the differences were still statistically significant after adjustment by generalized linear model( P<0.05). Conclusions:The reform of the salary system of Sichuan TCM Hospitals has basically achieved equal pay for equal work, and the income of low-level personnel has been improved. However, the salary level was not very motivated and the salary structure was not guaranteed. It is necessary to strengthen financial precision subsidies, increase the proportion of personnel expenditure, so as to support the increase of the absolute value of salary in non-core economic areas, improve the salary structure, reasonably widen the salary gap among different educational backgrounds and positions, further optimize internal distribution, and ensure the sustainable development of Chinese medicine talents.
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Medical service pricing system is the basic system of health economics, which has a profound impact on physicians′ medical behavior and the running mode of hospital. Rui′an City, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, freed up the cost space of drug and consumables based on the reasonable diagnosis and treatment behavior of doctors and selection of drug and consumables in the hospital procurement link. 68% of the free space was used to improve the price of medical services. 248 medical service items with obvious cost inversion were selected, such as nursing, traditional Chinese medicine, diagnosis, etc., and the price adjustment range was determined according to the agreed free space limit. Meanwhile, the credit mechanism of Alipay was applied to synchronously implement " vacating space and adjusting structure" , so as to solve the game problem between medical treatment and medical insurance, broaden the path of the " translation compensation method" of medical service price reform, and produce policy superposition and linkage effect with the reform of medical insurance payment mode.
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Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) interventions are under rapid development. The K-Clip? system is the first domestic transcatheter tricuspid annuloplasty system with unique clamping procedure to achieve annular reduction.Intraoperative echocardiographic monitoring procedures for transcatheter tricuspid annuloplasty have not been reported yet in China. Thus, this review aimed to propose the standard two-dimensional and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographic workplanes and procedures to guide and monitor the implantation of K-Clip system based on our experience in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University to provide a reference point for the intraoperative echocardiographic monitoring of future transcatheter tricuspid annuloplasty devices in China.
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Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence in China. Early detection and identification of symptomatic lung cancer patients and timely screen out asymptomatic patients from high-risk groups require multiple cooperation. At present, although combined imaging, serology, genomics, proteomics and other methods have been combined to screen for suspected lung cancer, there are still problems such as missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Meanwhile, the spread of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has brought new challenges to early lung cancer screening. Under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the work of early lung cancer screening should be changed accordingly: improve the population's awareness of cancer prevention and control, strengthen the management of medical procedures, improve the efficiency of tumor detection, optimize detection technology, and utilize internet and big data platforms rationally. We should establish an ideal model, combining multiple screening methods, which is streamlined and efficient for early lung cancer screening under normal epidemic prevention and control. .
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Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , China/epidemiologia , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Epidemias , Neoplasias Pulmonares/prevenção & controleRESUMO
BACKGROUND@#The aim of this study is to investigate the changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets before and after treatment with pembrolizumab for non-small cell lung cancer and its clinical significance.@*METHODS@#A total of 32 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who received pembrolizumab treatment in The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Weifang People's Hospital of Shandong Province from January 2015 to December 2020 were selected as the observation group, and 30 healthy people during the same period were selected as the control group. Before treatment and in cycles 1, 2 and 4 after treatment, fluid cytometry was used to detect changes in the levels of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of patients.@*RESULTS@#The CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD4⁺/CD8⁺ indexes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer before the treatment were significantly lower than those in the control group (P0.05), and the CD8⁺ index was slightly lower than before the treatment (P0.05). At the same time, this article shows through analysis that the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and pathological types have no obvious influence on the effect of immunotherapy. Multi-factor analysis shows that it is more meaningful to observe the changes of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ at the same time to predict the effect of immunotherapy.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Pembrolizumab can regulate the changes of T lymphocyte subsets in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, improve the immune status of the patients, and there is no obvious adverse reaction. At the same time, monitoring the changes of lymphocyte subsets during treatment can predict the effect of immunotherapy.
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In order to provide scientific basis for health education and patient timely seeking behavior, this article summarizes the definition, the status quo and influencing factors of delayed on health seeking behavior of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Influencing factors mainly include clinical character, individual and environment.
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@#Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of intraprocedural valve-in-valve deployment for treatment of aortic regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Methods Consecutive patients (n=333) who diagnosed with severe aortic stenosis and underwent TAVR in Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from October 3rd, 2010 to April 21st, 2021 were included. There were 208 males and 125 females aged 76.0±7.0 years. There were 316 patients underwent simple TAVR (simple TAVR group) and 17 patients underwent intraprocedural valve-in-valve deployment following TAVR (valve-in-valve group). Their clinical and echocardiographic outcomes were evaluated and compared. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups of patients at postoperative 30 d and 1 year in all-cause mortality (4.4% vs. 0, P=1.000; 6.3% vs. 0, P=1.000), incidence of pacemaker implantation (10.4% vs. 17.6%, P=1.000; 11.8% vs. 17.6%, P=1.000), incidence of ischemic stroke (1.3% vs. 0, P=1.000; 1.3% vs. 0, P=1.000), mean trans-aortic pressure gradient (11.4±6.4 mm Hg vs. 8.9±4.9 mm Hg, P=0.099; 10.5±7.6 mm Hg vs. 11.2±5.2 mm Hg, P=0.432), left ventricular ejection fraction (62.0%±9.0% vs. 57.0%±12.0%, P=0.189; 63.0%±7.0% vs. 60.0%±8.0%, P=0.170), and incidence of mitral valve dysfunction (0.6% vs. 5.9%, P=1.000; 0.6% vs. 5.9%, P=1.000). Conclusion It is feasible to treat perivalvular leakage with valve-in-valve technology in the procedure of TAVR, and the short and medium-term effects are satisfied.
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Objective:To investigate the image quality of digital radiography (DR) versus neoimaging (NE) technique in imaging of the spine and lower extremities in a standing position. Methods:The clinical data of 163 patients who underwent DR of the thoracolumbar spine and full-length lower extremities in a staining position in June to December 2019 in Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province were retrospectively analyzed. Conventional DR images were designated as pre-processing images. NE software technique-processed images were designated as post-processing images. The image quality between the two techniques were compared.Results:Grade I image quality was observed in 91.41% (149/163) of DR images, and grade II image quality in 8.59% (14/163) of DR images. Grade I image quality was found in 93.87% (153/163) of NE software-treated images, and grade II image quality in 6.14% (10/163) NE software-treated images. There was significant difference in image quality between before and after NE software processing ( χ2 = 10.220, P = 0.001). Conclusion:NE software technique can seamlessly splice conventional DR images of the spine and low extremities in a standing position without being limited by equipment. Thus, high-quality images can be obtained to meet the requirement of clinical diagnosis. This study is innovative.
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Objective:To investigate the relationship between Watchman occluder and structure of mitral valve apparatus in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation after left atrial appendage closure(LAAC) by transesophageal echocardiography.Methods:From January 2018 to December 2020, 29 patients [20 male, 9 female, (69.55±10.06)years old] with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation underwent LAAC in Zhongshan Hospital (implanted Watchman occluder), and all patients underwent pre-operative and follow-up two and three dimensional transesophageal echocardiography(2DTEE, 3DTEE) at 60 days after the operation. The quantitative parameters of mitral valve apparatus were obtained by offline analysis using the MVA module in QLab 13.0 (Philips Healthcare, Andover, MA), the differences between pre-operation and post-operation were compared, and the relationship between occluder compression ratio and mitral valve parameters with significant changes after operation was analyzed.Results:①The values of AL-PM diameter(AL-PM), 3D annulus circumference(3DAC), 2D annulus area(2DAA), 3D annulus area(3DAA), tenting volume(TnV), tenting area(TnA) and commissural diameter(CD) decreased significantly compared with pre-operative values(all P<0.05), while the annulus sphericity index(SPI) increased significantly ( P<0.05). ②In the quantitative mitral value parameters with significant pre- and post-operation changes, TnV was correlated with the occluder compression ratio ( r=0.403, P=0.030), but AL-PM, SPI, 3DAC, 2DAA, 3DAA, TnA, CD were not correlated with it(all P>0.05). Conclusions:3DTEE can accurately evaluate the effect of Watchman occluder on the morphology of mitral valve device. Implanting Watchman occluder in left atrial appendage can make three-dimensional mitral valve apparatus flat and decrease annulus left-right diameter and annulus area; the pre-operative TnV, the more susceptible to the occluder implantation, and TnV is correlated with the compression ratio.
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Objective:To evaluate the left ventricular global systolic function and myocardial fibrosis in adult hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography(3D-STE) combined with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging-late gadolinium enchancemet (CMRI-LGE) sequence, and to explore the association between left ventricular global systolic function and myocardial fibrosis.Methods:Thirty patients with HCM(HCM group) and 33 healthy controls(control group) were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent conventional two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and 3D-STE. The following parameters were acquired and compared between the groups: interventricular septal end-diastolic thickness (IVSD), left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic thickness (LVPWD), left ventricular mass(LVM), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left atrial volume (LAV), and left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient (LVOT-PG), left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT-VTI), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), global strain (GS), global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), global circumferential strain (GCS). And 28 patients who met the CMRI indications underwent CMRI-LGE to obtain the LVM, and the correlation and consistency of LVM results obtained from CMRI and 3D-STE were performed.According to LGE results, HCM patients were divided into LGE(+ ) group and LGE (-) group, the differences of GLS, GRS and GCS between the two groups were analyzed.Results:①Compared with the control group, IVSD, LVPWD, LVMI, LAV, LVOT-PG, LVOT-VTI and IVRT were significantly increased in the HCM group (all P<0.05); ②There was no significant difference in GS between the two groups( P>0.05), while GLS and GRS decreased and GCS increased significantly in HCM group ( P<0.05); ③The correlation between 3D-STE and CMRI in measuring measured LVM in HCM patients was good, and the results showed good concordance( r=0.807, P<0.01). ④GLS in LGE(+ ) group was lower than in LGE(-) group( P=0.004), but there was no significant difference in GCS and GRS between the two groups( P=0.597, 0.534). Conclusions:①3D-STE can detect the early damage of left ventricular global systolic function in patients with HCM; ②3D-STE combined with CMRI-LGE technology can provide an important imaging reference for the evaluation of the relationship between left ventricular global systolic function and myocardial fibrosis in patients with HCM.
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Objective:In view of the shortage of new coronavirus nucleal acid test in the early COVID-19 outbreak, the application value of chest CT in screening COVID-19 patients was explored.Methods:Retrospective analysis was performed on the data of patients with fever who received chest CT and new coronavirus nucleal acid test during January 25, 2020 to February 2, 2020 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. A total of 587 patients were enrolled, including 290 males and 297 females, aged from 11.0 to 96.0 (51.3±17.1) years old. Taking the nucleic acid test results as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity and rate of misdiagnosis of CT screening were calculated.Results:Among the 587 patients, there were 433 positive cases (73.8%, 433/587) and 154 negative cases (26.2%, 154/587) of novel coronavirus nucleic acid test. Using CT screening, 494 cases (84.2%, 494/587) were positive and 93 cases (15.8%, 93/587) were negative. The sensitivity of CT screening was 97.7% (423/433), specificity was 53.9% (83/154) and rate of misdiagnosis was 2.3% (10/433).Conclusions:In the early COVID-19 outbreak, CT screening has the advantages of high sensitivity and low rate of misdiagnosis, which can compensate for the shortage of new coronavirus nucleal acid test and can be used as a rapid screening for early prevention and control.
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Objective:The outbreak of COVID-19 in China has spread rapidly across the country since December 2019, the population is generally susceptible, and human-to-human transmission has gradually spread out. This article explores the value of HRCT in the diagnosis of COVID-19.Methods:This article explores the typical CT imaging findings, imaging staging, imaging diagnosis process and differential diagnosis of the COVID-19.Results:With the emergence of the classification of "clinical diagnostic cases" in Hubei Province, imaging examinations, especially HRCT, play important roles in the diagnosis of COVID-19. HRCT is helpful for early screening of suspected cases and monitoring the dynamic changes of the disease.Conclusions:HRCT will make up for missed diagnosis caused by the false negative of the viral nucleic acid detection, and empower the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia with more scientificity and effectivity.
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Objective@#To evaluate the left ventricular global systolic function and myocardial fibrosis in adult hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients by three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography(3D-STE) combined with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging-late gadolinium enchancemet (CMRI-LGE) sequence, and to explore the association between left ventricular global systolic function and myocardial fibrosis.@*Methods@#Thirty patients with HCM(HCM group) and 33 healthy controls(control group) were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent conventional two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and 3D-STE. The following parameters were acquired and compared between the groups: interventricular septal end-diastolic thickness (IVSD), left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic thickness (LVPWD), left ventricular mass(LVM), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left atrial volume (LAV), and left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient (LVOT-PG), left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT-VTI), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), global strain (GS), global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), global circumferential strain (GCS). And 28 patients who met the CMRI indications underwent CMRI-LGE to obtain the LVM, and the correlation and consistency of LVM results obtained from CMRI and 3D-STE were performed.According to LGE results, HCM patients were divided into LGE(+ ) group and LGE (-) group, the differences of GLS, GRS and GCS between the two groups were analyzed.@*Results@#①Compared with the control group, IVSD, LVPWD, LVMI, LAV, LVOT-PG, LVOT-VTI and IVRT were significantly increased in the HCM group (all P<0.05); ②There was no significant difference in GS between the two groups(P>0.05), while GLS and GRS decreased and GCS increased significantly in HCM group (P<0.05); ③The correlation between 3D-STE and CMRI in measuring measured LVM in HCM patients was good, and the results showed good concordance(r=0.807, P<0.01). ④GLS in LGE(+ ) group was lower than in LGE(-) group(P=0.004), but there was no significant difference in GCS and GRS between the two groups(P=0.597, 0.534).@*Conclusions@#①3D-STE can detect the early damage of left ventricular global systolic function in patients with HCM; ②3D-STE combined with CMRI-LGE technology can provide an important imaging reference for the evaluation of the relationship between left ventricular global systolic function and myocardial fibrosis in patients with HCM.
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Objective@#In view of the difficulty of the shortage of new coronavirus nucleal acid test in the early COVID-19 outbreak, to explore the application value of chest CT in screening COVID-19 patients.@*Methods@#Retrospective analysis was performed on the data of patients with fever who received chest CT and new coronavirus nucleal acid test during January 25, 2020 to February 2, 2020 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. A total of 587 patients were enrolled, including 290 males and 297 females, aged from 11.0 to 96.0 (51.3±17.1) years old. Take the nucleic acid test results as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity and rate of missed diagnosis of CT screening COVID-19 were calculated.@*Results@#Among the 587 patients, there were 433 positive cases (73.8%, 433/587) and 154 negative cases (26.2%, 154/587) of novel coronavirus nucleic acid test. Using CT screening, 494 cases (84.2%, 494/587) were positive and 93 cases (15.8%, 93/587) were negative. The sensitivity of CT screening COVID-19 was 97.7% (423/433), specificity was 53.9% (83/154) and rate of missed diagnosis was 2.3% (10/433).@*Conclusions@#In the early COVID-19 outbreak, CT screening has the advantages of high sensitivity and low rate of missed diagnosis of COVID-19, which can compensate for the shortage of new coronavirus nucleal acid test and can be used as the basis for rapid screening for early prevention and control of COVID-19 outbreak.
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BACKGROUND@#Occurrence at a younger age has been demonstrated to be associated with a distinct biology in non-small cell lung cancer. However, genomics and clinical characteristics among younger patients with lung adenocarcinoma remain to be determined. Here we studied the potentially targetable genetic alterations by next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay in young Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma.@*METHODS@#Eighty-nine surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma tissue samples from patients aged less than 45 years were collected with informed consent from all patients. Targeted NGS assays were used to identify actionable genetic alterations in the cancer tissues. Additionally, the genomic and clinical pathologic characteristics of 95 patients with lung adenocarcinoma who received NGS testing over the same period were analyzed retrospectively.@*RESULTS@#The frequencies of targetable genetic alterations in 184 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed by defined age categories, which unveiled a distinctive molecular profile in the younger group, aged less than 45 years. Notably, higher frequency of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) genetic alterations were associated with young age. However, a reverse trend was observed for kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS), serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 mutations, which were more frequently identified in the older group, aged more than 45 years. Furthermore, concurrent EGFR/tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutations were much more prevalent in the younger patients (81.6% vs 44.9%), which might have a poor response to treatment with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI).@*CONCLUSIONS@#NGS assay revealed a distinctive genetic profile in younger patients with adenocarcinoma. High frequency of concurrent EGFR/TP53 mutations was found in the younger patients, which especially warranted personalized treatment in this population.
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Objective To summarize the characteristics of clinical manifestation of bone flare after the treatment with new endocrine therapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in order to evaluate the curative effect of patients properly and determine the reasonable treatment strategy.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of two patients with mCRPC performed "bone flare" defined as PSA decline and bone metastases progression in the initial treatment with new endocrine therapy in Urology Department of Peking University First Hospital,and analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment methods with the relative literature.Case 1,a 79-year-old man,presented with frequent urination and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 115.900 ng/ml,was diagnosed as prostate cancer (cT3N0M1) with bone metastasis.After androgen deprivation therapy of 24 months,PSA elevated and multiple bone metastases progressed.The patient was diagnosed with mCRPC and then began the treatment of enzalutamide.Case 2,a 62-year-old man,complained about emaciation and frequent urination,was diagnosed with prostate cancer(cT4N1M1)with bone and lymph metastases.After androgen deprivation therapy of 22 months,PSA elevated and multiple bone metastases progressed.The patient was diagnosed with mCRPC and then began the treatment of abiraterone.Results Case 1 was treated with enzalutamide and 2 months later PSA decreased from 133.400 ng/ml to 5.530 ng/ml,while bone scan showed multiple bone metastases,part of which was newly metastatic lesions.6 months later,the number of metastatic lesions kept stable,and part of lesions presented metabolism decrease.8 months later,the number of metastatic lesions began to decrease.1 year later,the patient started to receive chemical therapy because of the progression of the disease.After 5 cycles of chemotherapy,PSA progression occurred and chemotherapy was stopped.Liver failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation caused death in June 2016.Case 2 was treated with abiraterone and 2 months later PSA decreased from 54.820 ng/ml to 3.580 ng/ml,while bone scan showed multiple bone metastases,part of which was newly metastatic lesions.6 months later,the number of metastatic lesions began to decline.10 months later,the number of metastatic lesions kept stable.The treatment of abiraterone was continued so far and the patient was in a stable condition.Conclusions Enzalutamide and abiraterone,two new endocrine therapy,are determined as preferred methods for the treatment of mCRPC.The bone scanning is required to evaluate the possibility of "bone flare" which is defined as PSA decline and bone metastases progression in the initial treatment.These patients should be evaluated to make appropriate clinical decision.