Research progress on relationship between exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and allergic diseases / 环境与职业医学

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), as a group of persistent organic pollutants among environmental endocrine disruptors, are widely used in industrial production and daily life. PFASs are widely and persistently present in the environment and organisms due to their bioaccumulation, long half-life, and low degradability properties. Published studies have proved that PFASs have immunotoxicity, endocrine toxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and hepatotoxicity. At present, several epidemiological studies have been conducted on the effects of PFASs on allergic diseases, the research endpoints include asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and the expression of allergic biomarkers such as serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), but no consistent results have been observed yet. PFASs have the potential to activate several signaling pathways, including the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and JAK/STAT pathways. These mechanisms, along with increasing mast cell calcium influx and sex hormone synergistic effects, may contribute to immunomodulation in allergic diseases. At present, the exact human effect of PFASs exposure on allergic diseases and the related mechanisms are still uncertain. This review focused on the impacts of PFASs on asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis and their possible mechanisms, so as to provide research ideas for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of allergic diseases.

Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment and the Establishment of Care System for Rare Skin Diseases / 罕见病研究

Rare skin diseases are various in kinds facing many challenges and difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. Recently, the diagnosis of rare skin diseases has improved continuously. Molecular diagnostic tool, a representation of the next generation sequencing technology, can effectively assist the accuracy of clinical diagnosis for rare diseases. The research and development of orphan drugs and gene therapy have made continuous breakthroughs and progress, bringing hope to patients with rare skin diseases. It is crucial to establish scientific disease management system of the disease, layered referral networks, and the standardized clinical pathways to improve the diagnosis and treatment level of rare skin diseases.This article provides a brief overview of the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of rare skin diseases and explore the future possibilities.

Synthesis and antitumor activity evaluation of glycoconjugates derived from natural product harmine / 中国药科大学学报

@#Based on our previous work, the study herein designed and synthesized eight glycoconjugates of natural product harmine (14a-14h)by introducing a cyclohexylmethyloxyl group at its C7 position and coupling a methyl-2-amino-β-D-glucopyranoside to the N9 position through different lengths of alkyl chains.In vitro anti-tumor activity screening and structure-activity relationship studies showed that the antitumor activity of the conjugates increased with the lengthening of the alkyl chain in the linker.Compound 14h exhibited significantly better proliferative inhibitory activity against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells than harmine.As compared to harmine, the introduction of the carbohydrate moiety improved the water solubility of compound 14h and enhanced its tumor cell selectivity through the Warburg effect.Mechanism of action studies revealed that compound 14h induced apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells, and inhibited tumor cell migration by interfering with epithelial-mesenchymal transition process.This study provides a new approach for the development of antitumor drugs based on harmine.

Analysis of the risk factors for poor prognosis of progressive cerebral infarction / 中国基层医药

Objective To analyze the risk factors affecting the poor prognosis of progressive cerebral infarction.Methods The clinical data of 326 patients with cerebral infarction admitted to Dermatology and Venereal Disease Prevention and Cure Hospital of Zaozhuang from January 2013 to March 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into poor prognosis group(n =148) and good prognosis group(n =178) according to their prognosis during hospitalization.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors affecting prognosis.Results Statistical analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in sex composition,average age,diastolic blood pressure,LDL,anterior cerebral artery stenosis,posterior cerebral artery stenosis and vertebral basilar artery stenosis between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).The incidence rates of hypertension history (60.81％ vs.48.88％,x2 =1.683,P =0.031),diabetes history (41.89％ vs.30.90％,x2 =4.244,P =0.039),hyperlipidemia history (62.84％ vs.49.44％,x2 =5.875,P =0.015) in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group.The systolic blood pressure in poor prognosis group was lower than that in the good prognosis group [(144 ± 17) mmHg vs.(150 ± 22) mmHg,t =2.928,P =0.004].The body temperature [(38.10 ± 0.22) ℃ vs.(38.03 ± 0.34) ℃,t =2.240,P =0.026],FPG [(7.85 ± 1.95) mmol/L vs.(6.91 ± 1.77) mmol/L,t =4.558,P =0.000],TC [(5.21 ± 1.66) mmol/L vs.(4.84 ± 1.55) mmol/L,t =2.708,P =0.039],TG [(2.49 ± 0.79 mmol/L vs.(2.30 ± 0.54) mmol/L,t =2.483,P =0.014],HDL [(1.30 ± 0.51) mmol/L vs.(1.17 ±0.44)mmol/L,t=2.470,P=0.014] and FIB[(4.37± 1.67)g/L vs.(3.79 ± 1.42)g/L,t =3.339,P=0.001],stenosis of internal carotid artery (31.08％ vs.20.79％,x2 =4.636,P =0.031),stenosis of middle cerebral artery (39.86％ vs.29.21％,x2 =4.083,P =0.043),and plaque of internal carotid artery (48.65％ vs.36.52％,x2 =4.882,P =0.027) in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group.Multivariate regression analysis showed that history of hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,fever,decreased blood pressure,elevated TC,elevated TG,elevated HDL and elevated FIB were the risk factors for the prognosis of progressive cerebral infarction.Conclusion There are many risk factors affecting the poor prognosis of progressive cerebral infarction,and the physiological mechanism is complex.In clinical treatment,attention should be paid to patients'past diseases,prevention and treatment should be carried out according to different mechanisms.

Effects of 3 Kinds of Rhizobia on Germination of Andrographis paniculata Seed under Drought and Salt Stress Condition / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of Sinorhizobium fredii， Rhizobium radiobacter and Azorhizobium caulinodans on germination of Andrographis paniculata seed under drought and salt stress condition. METHODS： Drought and salt stress models of A. paniculata seed were established with PEG-6000 （called “PEG” for short）and NaCl respectively. The effects of different concentrations of PEG （0.05， 0.10， 0.15， 0.20， 0.25 g/mL） and NaCl （50， 100， 150， 200 mmol/L） on the germination indicators （germination rate， germination potential， germination index， vigor index） of A. paniculata seed were investigated by the method of germination on dish paper. The seeds were soaked with S. fredii， R. radiobacter and A. caulinodans， and then germination indicators were investigated under the condition of drought and salt stress. RESULTS： Drought and salt stress models of A. paniculata seed were established with 0.15 g/mL PEG solution and 50 mmol/L NaCl solution， respectively. S. fredii pretreatment could significantly improve all the germination indicators of A. paniculata seed under drought stress condition， as well as germination index and vigor index of it under salt stress condition， but significantly reduce germination rate and germination index of it under salt stress condition （P＜0.05）. R. radiobacter treatment could significantly improve all the germination indicators of A. paniculata seed under drought stress condition， as well as germination potential， germination index and vigor index of it under salt stress condition （P＜0.05）. A. caulinodans pretreatment could significantly improve germination rate， germination index and vigor index of A. paniculata seed under drought stress condition， as well as germination rate and germination potential of it under salt stress condition （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Three kinds of Rhizobia can improve germination ability of A. paniculata seed under drought or salt stress condition to different degrees. This research can provide technical support for planting and cultivation of A. paniculata under drought condition， and using saline-alkali soil as A. paniculata plantation area.

60Co-γ Radiation-induced Population Variation and Cluster Analysis of M1 Generation of Andrographis paniculata / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of 60Co-γ radiation on the botanical traits and property of Andrographis paniculata， and to screen suitable irradiation dose. METHODS： The seeds of A. paniculata were irradiated by 60Co-γ rays with different irradiation doses（0，10，20，50，100，200，300 Gy）. The botanical traits indexes of A. paniculata as seed germination rate， root length， seedling rate， seedling height， leaf area， fresh weight， dry weight， stomata number of lower epidermis of leaf， and its property indexes as the contents of andrographolide， dehydrated andrographolide and chlorophyll， activity of T-SOD enzyme and CuZn-SOD enzyme， were determined after radiation. The coefficient of variation （CV） was calculated. The linear regression analysis was performed for seedling rate， and medial lethal dose was calculated. The correlation analysis was performed between the parameters of botanical trait and quality property with irradiation dose. Cluster analysis was conducted for M1 generation of A. paniculata in different irradiation dose groups by connection method combined with squared euclidean distance. RESULTS： Different irradiation doses showed different effects on botanical traits and property of A. paniculata. According to the average value of CV， the index of botanical traits was ranked as leaf area ＞ fresh weight ＞ dry weight ＞ plant height ＞ root length ＞ stomata number ＞ seedling rate ＞ germination rate； among different irradiation dose groups， the coefficient of variation was ranked as 50 Gy＞200 Gy＞100 Gy＞20 Gy＞10 Gy＞300 Gy＞0 Gy. According to the average value of CV， the index of property was ranked as dehydrated andrographolide content＞andrographolide content＞chlorophyll content＞CuZn-SOD enzyme activity＞T-SOD enzyme activity； among different irradiation dose groups， the coefficient of variation was ranked as 100 Gy＞50 Gy＞200 Gy＞20 Gy＞10 Gy＞300 Gy＞0 Gy. The medial lethal dose was 195.10 Gy. According to the botanical traits， M1 generation of A. paniculata of 7 dose groups could be divided into 4 types. According to the property， M1 generation of A. paniculata of 7 dose groups could be divided into 3 types. CONCLUSIONS： The suitable irradiation dose interval for irradiating A. paniculata is 50-200 Gy.

The inhibition of 18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid on thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis rats / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the effect of 18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis (AR) rats.@*Methods@#One hundred Wistar rats,half male and half female,were randomly divided into 5 groups by random number table method: control group, AR model group,budesonide group,18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid at dose of 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg groups, with 20 rats in each group. AR animal models were established by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization in the other four experimental groups. After successful modeling, budesonide and 18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid were given in each group,and the detection time points were 2 weeks and 4 weeks. The distribution of TSLP in rat nasal mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expression of TSLP in rat nasal mucosa was determined by Western blot at the protein level. The expression of TSLP-mRNA in rat nasal mucosa was detected and compared by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) at mRNA level. The concentrations of IL-4 and OVA-sIgE in rat serum were measured and compared by ELISA. One-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference method were used for the comparison among groups, LSD t test was used for the comparison between the two groups,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*Results@#Immunohistochemistry confirmed existence of TSLP in rat nasal mucosa, especially in epithelial cells,endothelial cells and epithelial cilia. Western blot and RT-PCR suggested that the expression of TSLP and TSLP-mRNA in nasal mucosa of AR model group was significantly higher than that of control group (2 weeks TSLP: 1.795 9±0.131 4 vs 0.990 5±0.164 2, 4 weeks TSLP: 1.809 7±0.253 4 vs 0.870 3±0.124 4; 2 weeks TSLP-mRNA:4.582 9±0.697 7 vs 1.108 7±0.081 1, 4 weeks TSLP-mRNA:4.814 4±0.662 8 vs 1.001 0±0.155 3; all P<0.05). After 2 weeks and 4 weeks of drug intervention,the expression of TSLP and TSLP-mRNA was inhibited in nasal mucosa of budesonide group,18β-sodium sodium glycyrrhetinic acid at dose of 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg group,which was significantly different from that of AR model group (2 weeks TSLP: (0.897 8±0.081 8)/(1.072 1±0.113 6)/(1.396 6±0.133 9) vs 1.795 9±0.131 4; 4 weeks TSLP: (1.191 0±0.161 3)/(1.141 0±0.152 3)/(1.200 5±0.189 6) vs 1.809 7±0.253 4; 2 weeks TSLP-mRNA: (1.175 6±0.100 9)/(1.254 4±0.078 2)/(2.037 2±0.559 2) vs 4.582 9±0.697 7; 4 weeks TSLP-mRNA: (1.158 3±0.104 3)/(1.224 0±0.034 0)/(1.275 2±0.099 6) vs 4.814 4±0.662 8; all P<0.05), and not significantly different from control group. With the inhibition of TSLP, the concentrations of IL-4 and OVA-sIgE in rat serum were also decreased.@*Conclusion@#18β-sodium glycyrrhetinic acid has obvious inhibitory effect on TSLP in nasal mucosa of AR rats, which can control Th2 type immune inflammatory reaction.

Analysis of the risk factors for poor prognosis of progressive cerebral infarction / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To analyze the risk factors affecting the poor prognosis of progressive cerebral infarction.@*Methods@#The clinical data of 326 patients with cerebral infarction admitted to Dermatology and Venereal Disease Prevention and Cure Hospital of Zaozhuang from January 2013 to March 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into poor prognosis group(n=148) and good prognosis group(n=178) according to their prognosis during hospitalization.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors affecting prognosis.@*Results@#Statistical analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in sex composition, average age, diastolic blood pressure, LDL, anterior cerebral artery stenosis, posterior cerebral artery stenosis and vertebral basilar artery stenosis between the two groups (all P>0.05). The incidence rates of hypertension history (60.81% vs. 48.88%, χ2=1.683, P=0.031), diabetes history (41.89% vs. 30.90%, χ2=4.244, P=0.039), hyperlipidemia history (62.84% vs. 49.44%, χ2=5.875, P=0.015) in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group.The systolic blood pressure in poor prognosis group was lower than that in the good prognosis group [(144±17)mmHg vs. (150±22)mmHg, t=2.928, P=0.004]. The body temperature[(38.10±0.22)℃ vs. (38.03±0.34)℃, t=2.240, P=0.026], FPG[(7.85±1.95)mmol/L vs. (6.91±1.77)mmol/L, t=4.558, P=0.000], TC[(5.21±1.66)mmol/L vs. (4.84±1.55)mmol/L, t=2.708, P=0.039], TG[(2.49±0.79 mmol/L vs. (2.30±0.54)mmol/L, t=2.483, P=0.014], HDL [(1.30±0.51)mmol/L vs. (1.17±0.44)mmol/L, t=2.470, P=0.014] and FIB[(4.37±1.67)g/L vs. (3.79±1.42)g/L, t=3.339, P=0.001], stenosis of internal carotid artery (31.08% vs. 20.79%, χ2=4.636, P=0.031), stenosis of middle cerebral artery(39.86% vs. 29.21%, χ2=4.083, P=0.043), and plaque of internal carotid artery (48.65% vs. 36.52%, χ2=4.882, P=0.027) in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group.Multivariate regression analysis showed that history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fever, decreased blood pressure, elevated TC, elevated TG, elevated HDL and elevated FIB were the risk factors for the prognosis of progressive cerebral infarction.@*Conclusion@#There are many risk factors affecting the poor prognosis of progressive cerebral infarction, and the physiological mechanism is complex.In clinical treatment, attention should be paid to patients' past diseases, prevention and treatment should be carried out according to different mechanisms.

Development of ultrasonic frostbite treatment instrument / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To develop an ultrasonic frostbite treatment instrument to enhance the efficiency of its treatment.Methods The instrument was designed with thermal effect of ultrasound,which used LPC1788 controller as the core of the hardware circuit.Corresponding software was developed based on KEIL uvision4.0 platform.The instrument was composed of the circuits for square wave generation,boosting,transduction,LCD and power source.Results Five-to-seven-day treatment by the instrument gained high efficacy,and no adverse response occurred.Conclusion The instrument has the characteristics of high reliability,strong controllability,wide adaptation and no side effects,and thus is worthy promoting practically for the clinical treatment of frostbite.

Low-dose technology in the diagnosis and treatment of children interventional applications / 中国医学装备

Objective:Cardiovascular interventional therapy for children Statistics and Analysis of X-ray radiation dose to explore low-dose technology in the protection of children. Methods:The hospital nearly two years the use of low-dose technology in the interventional diagnosis and treatment of children, a retrospective analysis of 18 patients under the age of three kinds of treated me institutes common childhood intervention operations radiation levels were nearly two years and two years ago the same operation of the radiation levels in patients with technical analysis, a total of 300 cases. Among them, 60 cases of atrial septal defect occlusion in patients with ventricular septal defect occlusion in patients with 90 cases, patent ductus arteriosus occlusion in patients with 150 cases. Using digital subtraction angiography machine automatically adjusts the exposure conditions. Including entrance dose ED(mGy), dose area product DAP and fluoroscopy time F were measured. Results:The two groups results in the perspective of time, entrance dose, there was a significant difference, nearly 2 years statistics show a significant reduction in radiation dose in children suffered, both between entrance dose and fluoroscopy time was significantly a linear relationship. Area of operation of different doses of the product of cardiovascular intervention there was a significant difference, ventricular septal defect occlusion area dose product is still large. Conclusion:Low-dose technology effectively reduces the radiation dose for children, worthy of promotion.

Application of the angiographic measurement technology in children with congenital heart disease / 中国医学装备

Objective: To discuss the application processing system after angiography measurement techniques in children with congenital heart disease. Methods: In our hospital in 2012 interventional transcatheter therapy in children with 70 cases, of which PDA50 cases, VSD20 patients, aged 2-25 years, mean age 11.4 years, including 24 males and 46 females, Philips FD20 angiography, ACIST CVI pressure syringe, the contrast agent iodixanol-320, the total amount of contrast agent is set to 1-1.5 ml / kg body weight, 10 years of age selection 5 F pigtail imaging tube, over the age of 10 chosen 6F pigtail intraoperative imaging tube measurements, angiography machine comes with software for measuring software, select the catheter calibration measurements, after comparative analysis. Results: According to the results of 67 cases successfully implanted lesion morphology and measurements occluder, normal postoperative recovery without any complications. Two cases of intraoperative occluder off, change the surgical treatment, 1 patient had Ⅲ degree atrioventricular block and give up. Conclusion: Angiographic measurements after treatment has simple operation, accurate measurement, etc., interventional equipment models provide an important basis for selection.

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis of Germplasm Resources of Exocarpium Citri Grandis / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the influence of producing areas and sexual reproduction on the genetic features of Citrus grandis‘Tomentosa’. Methods The genetic distance in different species was counted,and the DNA fingerprint of germplasm resources of Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ was established after random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ and Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck of various species from different producing areas. Results The genetic distance index D of Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’ and Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck of various species from different producing areas was in the range of 0.01~0.64. Conclusion Sexual reproduction and the changes of producing areas can result in the genetic diversity of Citrus grandis ‘Tomentosa’.