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Objective To explore the association between dietary quality and perceived stress among adult Chinese. Methods The China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was used to investigate the association between dietary quality and perceived stress in Chinese adults. The Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) was used to assess the perceived stress in Chinese adults. Binary logistic regression models were utilized to explore the relationship between diet quality and perceived stress. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were utilized to clarify the dose response relationship between diet quality and perceived stress. Results Binary logistic regression models revealed that adults with CHEI score ranged from P25 to P50 and higher than P75 had 15.1% (OR=0.849,95%CI:0.738-0.977) and 23.0% (OR=0.770,95%CI:0.666-0.891) reduced risk of high perceived stress after multivariable adjustment when compared with adults with CHEI score less than P25. RCS results showed that the OR value of high perceived stress risk decreased gradually with increasing CHEI score in the overall population, but this association was not statistically significant in adults with lower CHEI score. Conclusion High dietary quality is associated with a reduced risk of high perceived stress. This study provides a theoretical reference for the health effects of high dietary quality on high perceived stress risk reduction.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the short-term efficacy of orthopedic elastic bandages on gait symmetry and walking ability in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy. MethodsFrom June, 2020 to June, 2023, 31 children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy from Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into control group (n = 15) and experimental group (n = 16). Both groups received routine rehabilitation, while the control group received routine walking training, and the experimental group wore an orthopedic elastic bandage for walking training, for four weeks. The indexes of gait symmetry of foot deviation angle ratio (affected/healthy), step length ratio (affected/healthy), gait line ratio (affected/healthy) and standing stage ratio (affected percentage/healthy percentage) were calculated before and after training, and they were measured step width and the optional and maximum walking speed of 10-meter walk test (10MWT). ResultsOne case dropped off in the experimental group. After training, the foot deviation ratio, step length ratio, gait line ratio, and standing stage ratio improved in both groups (|t| > 2.434, P < 0.05), and they were better in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.230, P < 0.05); while the optional and maximum walking speed of 10MWT improved in both groups (|t| > 9.186, P < 0.001), and they were better in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 2.278, P < 0.05). ConclusionWearing orthopedic elastic bandages during rehabilitation can promote the gait symmetry and walking ability of children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy.
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Objective:To investigate the role of septum incision technique in laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration (LTCBDE).Methods:The data of 22 patients with choledocholithiasis undergoing LTCBDE by septum (a membrane-like wall of the cystic duct running parallel to the common hepatic duct) incision technique at the Suzhou Ninth Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University from April 2020 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 13 males and 9 females, aged (54.4±20.3) years. The operative time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications (bile leakage, abdominal hemorrhage, abdominal infection, etc.) and follow-up data were collected and analyzed.Results:All 22 patients (including two patients undergoing common bile duct exploration through the residual cystic duct) underwent the exploration of common hepatic duct, left and right hepatic duct openings, and secondary branch openings successfully. It was confirmed using this procedure that there were no obstruction of the common hepatic duct and intrahepatic bile ducts, or residual stones. The operation time was (79.6±23.2) min and the postoperative hospital stay was (6.3±1.7) d. No complications such as biliary leakage, abdominal hemorrhage or infection occurred after surgery. No cases of biliary stricture or residual stones were observed during short-term postoperative follow-ups.Conclusion:The septum incision technique improved the visualization of hilar bile duct in LTCBDE, which could be a safe and effective procedure to facilitate the LTCBDE and increase its success rate.
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Objective The study aims to find a suitable obesity index for predicting hyperuricemia (HUA)in Chinese adults. Methods The obesity indexes of 8133 subjects in China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2009 were calculated, and the basic situation of them was analyzed descriptively. χ2 test and t test were used to test the differences of categorical variables and continuous variables between the HUA group and the non-HUA group. The area under the curve (AUC) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the predictive value of these indices for HUA. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between obesity and HUA. Results Demographic covariates, prevalence and Body Mass Index (BMI) all have impacts on the prevalence of HUA. Obesity indexes have a good predictive effect on HUA, and the Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) is the best (AUC=0.77 (95% CI [0.75, 0.78]). Obesity indexes all have a significant correlation with HUA. When covariates were not adjusted, LAP had the highest OR value (OR=5.87, 95% CI [5.08, 6.77]). Conclusion LAP index is significantly related to HUA, and it can be used as an emerging index to assess the prevalence of HUA in Chinese adults.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the treatment of Parkinson′s disease (PD).Methods:32 PD patients treated in Hunan Brain Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were selected for the study. Guided by MRI and supplemented by electrophysiological stimulation to correct the target, PD patients were treated with DBS for the nucleus accumbens. Based on Webster and Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores before and after DBS treatment, the clinical treatment effects were evaluated. And the content of Aβ1-42, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, uric acid (UA), malondialdehyde (MDA), homocysteine (Hcy), S-nitrosylated dynamin-relatedprotein 1 (SNO-Drp1) and Drp1 was measured before and after DBS treatment. The ratio of SNO-Drp1/Drp1 was also measured.Results:The Webster score and UPDRS score of PD patients after DBS treatment were lower than those before DBS treatment ( P<0.05). The Aβ1-42 and Drp1content of PD patients after DBS treatment was higher than that before DBS treatment ( P<0.05), while the content of IL-1β, UA, MDA, Hcy and the ratio of SNO-Drp1/Drp1 were lower than before treatment ( P<0.05). Conclusions:DBS has confirmed a good clinical effect in the treatment of PD patients and significantly improved the quality of life of patients.
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Objective: To assess the private hospital development in China from 2005 to 2016 from a global perspective. Methods: We searched the English and Chinese literature in PubMed, CNKI and Google Scholar databases with the keywords including "private hospitals in China", "hospital ownership", "public and private hospital", "private hospital development". Descriptive statistical analysis was used to assess the trend of the private hospital development in China and worldwide. Both the change of private hospitals in supply capacity and health care delivery were studied in this paper. The number of hospitals, number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital were employed to measure the supply capacity. The visit number, inpatients number, and bed occupancy rate (BOR) were used to measure the healthcare delivery. The data was collected from the China Health Statistical Yearbook and the website of Organisation for Economic and Co-operation and Development (OECD) Statistics. Results: The private sector rapidly expanded in China's hospital market in recent years. The number of private hospitals exceeded the public sectors in 2015. There has also been a signifi cant rise for the indicators of both the supply capacity (including number of hospitals, number of hospital beds and the average number of hospital beds per hospital) and the health care delivery (inpatients number and BOR) of the private hospitals. However, the growth rates of them were relatively lower than the public. The expansion trend of China's private sector in the hospital market accorded with most the OECD countries around the world. In 2016, China was above the medium level of the share of the private hospitals' number with the OECD countries, but below the medium for the supply capacity, in terms of the hospital beds. Conclusion: As a result of the economic growth and supporting policy, the private sector has experienced a vast expansion in China's hospital market in the past decade. The rising gap in average size between private and publicly owned hospitals, and the inconsistent development between the private hospitals' supply capacity and their market share, have become the two main challenges. Meanwhile, the future policy in supporting the private sector should be carefully introduced to advance the whole healthcare delivery system development in China.
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Objective To explore the risks and its influencing factors of patients with psychotic disorders in communities.Methods A total of 457 patients with psychotic disorders in communities were investigated by use of the multistage stratified cluster random sampling method.Results Totally 257 patients with psychotic disorders in communities were with risks,which accounted for 56.2%.Among them,200 patients (43.8%) were with level-0 risk,113 patients (24.7%) were level-1 risk,85 patients (18.6%) were level-2 risk,43 patients (9.4%) were level-3 risk,11 patients (2.4%) were level-4 risk,while 5 patients (1.1%) were level-5 risk.There were significant differences in risks among patients with different gender,family income,duration,type of disease,medication and the history of violent behavior.Logistic regression analysis showed that low family income (OR=0.515,95% CI=0.386-0.689,P<0.01),long course of disease (OR=1.378,95%CI=1.179-1.609,P<0.01),patients with schizophrenia (OR=6.285,95%CI=2.456-16.086,P< 0.01) and patients with a history of violence history (OR=28.988,95%CI=10.692-78.592,P<0.01) were the risk factors of the influencing of patients with psychotic disorders in communities.Conclusions Low family income,long course of disease,patients with schizophrenia and a history of violence history are the influencing factors of patients with psychotic disorders in communities,and the management of follow-up and the strength of supervision among these patients should be reinforced.
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Objective To report our efficacy of one-stage definite treatment of Gustilo type Ⅲ open fractures of long bone by plate osteosynthesis.Methods A retrospective case series study was conducted of the 69 cases who had undergone plate osteosynthesis for one-stage definite treatment of Gustilo type Ⅲ open fractures of long bone from January 2006 to June 2016 at Microsurgery and War Trauma Center of Chengdu Military Command,59 Hospital of Chinese PLA.They were 47 males and 22 females with an average age of 34.2 years (from 2 to 62 years).There were 27 shaft fractures of tibia or fibula (13 cases of type ⅢA,12 cases of type Ⅲ B and 2 cases of type Ⅲ C),4 fractures of distal tibia (2 cases of type Ⅲ A and 2 cases of type ⅢB),14 shaft fractures of ulna or radius (9 cases of type ⅢA,3 cases of type ⅢB and 2 cases of type Ⅲ C),12 factures of humeral shaft (7 cases of type Ⅲ A,3 cases of type Ⅲ B and 3 cases of type Ⅲ C),3 fractures of distal humerus (all type ⅢC),6 fractures of femoral shaft (5 cases of type ⅢA and one type Ⅲ C),and 3 fractures of distal femur (2 cases of type ⅢA and one type ⅢC).The intervals between injury and operation ranged from 4 to 17 hours,averaging 9.6 hours.After thorough debridement,osteosynthesis was performed with locking compression plate,limited contact dynamic compression plate or/and reconstruction locking plate,or 1/3 tubular plate.Direct closure with decreased tension or without tension was used for type Ⅲ A injury;deep open defects were repaired with perforator flaps,neurovascular axis flaps,traditional axis flaps and muscular flaps,or local flaps;limb reconstructions included neurovascular repair in 12 cases,tendon and ligament repair in 5 cases,and muscle reconstruction in 3 cases.Superficial defects were covered by skin grafts simultaneously or secondarily.Results The duration of hospitalization averaged 19 days (from 5 to 37 days).Partial necrosis occurred in one case of sural neurovascular axis flap.Superficial infection with multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria occurred in 2 cases.Follow-up for the 69 patients ranged from 12 to 27 months (average,19.2 months).No deep bone infection occurred.Implant breaking occurred in 4 cases and implant loosening in one.The implant failures were corrected by change into intramedullary nails or plate refixation (respectively in 2 cases) in addition to bone graft.Bone union was achieved after 5 to 15 months (average,7.7 month)with satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes.Conclusion For patients with Gustilo type Ⅲ open fracture of long bone,especially those with metaphyseal,intraarticular or upper limb fracture and pediatric ones,plate osteosynthesis can be a satisfactory one-stage definite treatment besides intramedullar nailing and external fixation,providing that through debridement and satisfactory soft-tissue coverage can be achieved.
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Objective@#To report operative techniques and clinical results of free sural cutaneoadipofascial flap containing the neurovascular axis based on a dominant peroneal perforating artery (DPPA, with a caliber≥0.8 mm) and its concomitant veins for reconstruction of dorsal forefoot soft tissue defects.@*Methods@#The flap was applied in 32 cases with middle to large soft tissue defects in the dorsal forefoot from Aug. 2009 to Dec. 2014. DPPAs arising from the posterolateral intermuscular septum was located and assessed preoperatively with color Doppler flow image and computed tomography angiography. According to the location, size, and shape of the defects, one of these DPPAs was chosen for flap planning. The flap was harvested from the posterolateral aspect of the leg. The neighboring neurovascular axis (one or more of that of the sural nerve, the medial cutaneous nerve, the lateral cutaneous nerve of calf and the sural communicating nerve) was included to ensure vascular supply. According to skin laxity of the donor site, the width of the full harvesting part which should be able to cover the region of the recipient site where pressure and friction force were prominent while wearing shores was decided; the rest was harvested as an adipofascial flap (without skin) to get enough size. After transfer to recipient site, the flap was revascularized by anastomosing the perforating artery and its venae comitantes with appropriate recipient vessels, and reinnervated (antegrade or retrograded methods). Skin grafting was performed on the adipofascial surface of the flap primarily or secondarily. The defects in donor site of the leg was closed directly.@*Results@#All flaps (ranged from 7.5 cm×5.0 cm to 23.0 cm×13.0 cm) were transplanted successfully, and no vascular or donor site problems occurred. All primary skin grafts (19 cases) was partially lost, but only 2 of them need a second grafting. Adipose necrosis occurred in 4 of 13 cases receiving secondary grafting but only needed wound care before surgery. Following up for 11-26 months showed both satisfactory functional and cosmetic results without problems of shoe wearing. Flap sensibility restored at least to the degree of S3.@*Conclusions@#The cutaneoadipofascial flap combines the advantages of perforator, neurocutaneous axis, free and adipofascial flaps leaving only suture scar in the donor leg, and is a satisfactory method for free-style and acute coverage of dorsal forefoot defects.
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With the development of tertiary treatment system,the higher quality of inter-hospital transport is the most critical factor for the prognosis of the critically ill pediatric patients,especially for pediatric patients whose condition is deteriorating rapidly.Improving the quality,creating the guideline,and establishing the network platform of inter-hospital will provide complete guarantee for inter-hospital transport of critically ill pediatric patients.With the development of information technology,the purpose of this study was to analyze the function of the network platform of inter-hospital transport in Hunan Children′s Hospital.
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Objective To investigate the clinical results of free super-thin peroneal artery perforator flap containing neurovascular axis in reconstruction of hand or foot soft tissue defects.Methods A retrospective case series study was made on 23 cases of hand or foot soft tissue defects admitted from January 2006 to March 2013.There were 16 males and 7 females,with a mean age of 33 years (range,17-51 years).Wounds were located in dorsal hand (n =12),dorsal pedis or amputated forefoot (n =8),greater thenar (n =2) and index finger (n =1) respectively.Defects ranged in size from 5.0 cm × 3.5 cm to 11.5 cm × 7.5 cm.Flap elevating was performed underneath the deep fascia and the perforator supplying the flap was dissected thoroughly,ligated and cut at the location arose from the peroneal artery.Most of the deep fascia except stripe shaped areas along the main blood supply chains was moved sharply and the fat underlying thinned primarily to the subdermal vascular network.After transferred to the recipient site,the flaps were revascularized by anastomosis of the perforating artery and its venae comitantes to appropriate recipient vessels.A total of 15 cases received innervated flap reconstruction.Flap vascularity and cosmetic results were recorded.Hand function was evaluated with the standard set up by the hand surgery branch of Chinese Medical Association.For foot reconstruction,shoe wearing status,gait,pressure-sore,flap sensibility,donor site appearance and complications were evaluated.Results All flaps were transplanted successfully with satisfactory cosmetic results,except that one flap used to cover dorsal ring finger defect left slightly bulky appearance.Mean duration of follow-up was 19 months (range,11-26 months).For hand reconstruction,the functional results were excellent in 6 cases and good in 9 cases.Repairing of foot defects with the flaps caused no problem of shoe wearing and no sore occurred.Normal gait was acquired except two cases of partially amputated foot.If innervated,flap sensibility was restored at least to the degree of S3.Protective sensation and touchpressure sensation were restored in eight non-innervated cases,and two of them were recovered to the degree of S3.There was only suture or small grafting scars on the donor leg and partially sensibility loss of lateral foot without functional defects in 13 cases.Conclusion Free super-thin peroneal artery perforator flap containing neurovascular axis is an easy and reliable technique that can attain satisfactory results for accurate coverage of hand or foot soft tissue defects.
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Objective To explore the ultrasound characteristics of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the bile duct( IPM N-B) and evaluate its diagnostic value . Methods Seventeen cases of IPM N-B were diagnosed by ultrasonic examination and confirmed by surgery and pathology . The ultrasound findings and distribution of color Doppler flow signals were observed and analyzed in comparison with the surgical and pathological results . Results Ultrasound revealed the characteristics of IPMN-B:① Bile duct mural nodules that looked like papillary or polypoid were observed; ② Asymmetry bile duct dilatation ,namely obvious dilatation in the lesion intrahepatic bile duct ,but only mild dilatation in the normal intrahepatic bile duct ;③Typical lesions showed mucus in bile duct along bile duct wall without acoustic shadow or move . High frequency ultrasound revealed that mucus in bile duct could float that looked like gelatin when operator vibrated probe in those superficial lesions . This is reliable characteristics of IPMN-B by ultrasound . Conclusions Ultrasound is of high value in the diagnosis of IPMN-B .
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Objective To evaluate the influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese,and provide evidence for developing health promotion policy in the future.Methods Relevant studies published from January 1997 to May 2015 were retrieved from PubMed,Medline,EBSCO,Science Direct,CBM,CNKI,VIP,and Wanfang Database.Quality evaluation of the included literatures was conducted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,followed by data extraction and Meta-analysis with software RevMan 4.4.2.Results A total of 29 studies involving 92 970 subjects (11 150 cases and 81 820 controls) were included.The pooled OR and its 95%CI of each influencing factor were:overweight OR=1.66 (1.49-1.85),abdominal obesity OR=1.98 (1.31-3.01),family history of diabetes OR=3.13 (2.52-3.87),smoking OR=1.46 (1.24-1.72),drinking OR=1.19 (1.09-1.29),hypertension OR =2.64 (2.23-3.13),systolic blood pressure (SBP) OR =1.15(1.06-1.24),hyperlipoidemia OR=2.26 (1.75-2.92),total cholesterol (TC) OR=1.87 (1.14-3.08),triglyceride (TG) OR=1.73 (1.23-2.44),history of coronary heart disease (CHD) OR=2.55 (1.78-3.65),cerebrovascular accident (CVA) OR=2.21 (1.62-3.02),dietary fat OR=0.52 (0.27-0.99).The results of subgroup analysis identified 4 common influencing factors shared by the three subgroups,i.e.overweight,family history of diabetes,smoking and hypertension.Conclusion Overweight,abdominal obesity,family history of diabetes,smoking,drinking,hypertension,SBP,TC,TG,history of CHD,history of CVA,and subtypes of dietary fat are the influencing factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese.Among these factors,overweight in recent 20 years,family history of diabetes,smoking and hypertension are persistent factors.More attention should be paid to overweight and obesity.
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Objective To evaluate the influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese,and provide evidence for developing health promotion policy in the future.Methods Relevant studies published from January 1997 to May 2015 were retrieved from PubMed,Medline,EBSCO,Science Direct,CBM,CNKI,VIP,and Wanfang Database.Quality evaluation of the included literatures was conducted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,followed by data extraction and Meta-analysis with software RevMan 4.4.2.Results A total of 29 studies involving 92 970 subjects (11 150 cases and 81 820 controls) were included.The pooled OR and its 95%CI of each influencing factor were:overweight OR=1.66 (1.49-1.85),abdominal obesity OR=1.98 (1.31-3.01),family history of diabetes OR=3.13 (2.52-3.87),smoking OR=1.46 (1.24-1.72),drinking OR=1.19 (1.09-1.29),hypertension OR =2.64 (2.23-3.13),systolic blood pressure (SBP) OR =1.15(1.06-1.24),hyperlipoidemia OR=2.26 (1.75-2.92),total cholesterol (TC) OR=1.87 (1.14-3.08),triglyceride (TG) OR=1.73 (1.23-2.44),history of coronary heart disease (CHD) OR=2.55 (1.78-3.65),cerebrovascular accident (CVA) OR=2.21 (1.62-3.02),dietary fat OR=0.52 (0.27-0.99).The results of subgroup analysis identified 4 common influencing factors shared by the three subgroups,i.e.overweight,family history of diabetes,smoking and hypertension.Conclusion Overweight,abdominal obesity,family history of diabetes,smoking,drinking,hypertension,SBP,TC,TG,history of CHD,history of CVA,and subtypes of dietary fat are the influencing factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese.Among these factors,overweight in recent 20 years,family history of diabetes,smoking and hypertension are persistent factors.More attention should be paid to overweight and obesity.
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Objective To observe the changes of artery elasticity in patients with High-Normal Blood Pressure(HNBP) by ET, and search bound values in diagnosis by ROC. Methods Comparative analysis of artery IMT and β, Ep, AC, PWVβ with HNBP and normal group, which were analyzed by ROC. Results Compared with the normal group, β, Ep, PWVβ were increased in HNBP group, AC was lower significantly. Conclusion The peripheral artery elasticity have reduced before the artery IMT didn′t appear morphological change.
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Objective:To investigate the status of oral hygiene behavior of the people of 1 8 yeas old and above in Guizhou prov-ince.Methods:A total of 9 280 adults were included by multi-staged sampling from 1 2 counties in Guizhou province of China.The double entry data were processed by Epiinfo 3.5.1 and statistically analysed by SPSS 1 9.0.Results:The survey of 9 280 subjects were permanent residents from 201 0 -201 1 .1 5.9% of the total subjects experienced dental visit,those from city and contrside were 23.0%,1 2.5%;male and female were 1 4.4%,1 7.1 %,respectively.5.6% of the them experienced tooth scaling,those from city and countryside were 9.9% and 3.4%,male and female were 4.9%,6.2% respectively.The subjects with 1 time and 2 time tooth brushing a day were 58.1 % and 28.6%,respectively.6% of the subjects did not brush teeth,mainly were those over 60 years (21 .3%),those of city residents was significantly lower than countryside(7.0% vs 4.0%).Conclusion:The oral heal behavior of Guizhou residents is poor,the education of oral health should be strengthened.
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Objective To explore the therapeutic efficacy of three different treatment regimens for conservative treatment of ec‐topic pregnancy(EP) .Methods Clinical data of 198 cases of patients with EP who were conservatively treated in this hospital from June 2012 to June 2014 were retrospectively analysed .All patients were divided into group A (39 cases) ,group B(92 cases) and group C(67 cases) ,which were treated with single‐dose of methotrexate(MTX) ,MTX combined with mifepristone and multiple‐dose of MTX respectively .The curative rate and time for human chorionic gonadotropin beta‐subunit(β‐HCG) dropping to normal were observed and recorded .Results The total curative rates in three groups were statistically different (P3 000 mIU/mL ,the curative rates were statistically different (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Single‐dose of MTX has relative low curative rate .It is recommend to use combination regimens or multi‐ple‐dose of MTX regimens ,and for patients with high level of β‐HCG multiple‐dose of MTX regimens might be the best choice .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To generate a mouse model of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection by performing in vivo transduction of hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular (ccc)DNA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Nude mice were injected with HBV cccDNA at doses of 1.5, 1.0 or 0.5 mug/ml. A control group was generated by giving equal injection volumes of physiological saline. The serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) on post-injection days 1 and 3, weeks 1-6, 8 and 10 were assayed by reflection immunoassay. At post-injection week 10, all animals were sacrificed and liver tissues were collected. Copies of HBV DNA in serum and liver tissue were detected by real-time PCR. HBV antigens in liver tissue were detected of by immunohistochemistry. Pathological analysis of liver tissue carried out with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Linear correlation of data was determined by statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HBsAg and HBeAg were detected in sera from all three groups of cccDNA-injected mice staring at post-injection day 1 and lasting through week 10. The levels of HBsAg over the 10-week period showed two patterns of increase-decrease;the lowest level was detected at week 4 and the highest level was detected at week 8. In contrast, the levels of HBeAg over the 10-week period showed three patterns of increase-decrease; the lower levels were detected at weeks 2 and 4 and the higher levels at weeks 3 and 6. HBV DNA copies in liver tissues showed a cccDNA dose-dependent descending trend over the 10-week study period (1.5 mug/ml:1.14E+07 ± 6.51E+06 copies/g, 1.0 mug/ml:9.81E+06 ± 9.32E+06 copies/g, and 0.5 mug/ml:3.72E+06 ± 2.35E+06 copies/g; Pearson's r =0.979). HBV DNA copies in sera showed the pattern of 1.0 mug/ml cccDNA more than 1.5 mug/ml cccDNA more than 0.5 mug/ml cccDNA, and in general were higher than those detected in the liver tissues. Liver tissues from all cccDNA-injected mice showed positive immunohistochemistry staining for both HBsAg and HBeAg. HE staining showed that the liver tissues of all cccDNA-injected mice had severe fatty and vacuolar degeneration and less obvious structure of liver lobules (compared to the liver tissues from control mice).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The CHB mouse model successfully established in this study by in vivo transduction of HBV cccDNA may represent a useful tool to study the pathogenic mechanisms and potential antiviral treatments of human CHB.</p>
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Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , DNA Circular , DNA Viral , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B , Sangue , Antígenos E da Hepatite B , Sangue , Vírus da Hepatite B , Genética , Fisiologia , Hepatite B Crônica , Virologia , Camundongos Nus , Transdução Genética , Replicação ViralRESUMO
ObjectiveTo make ultrasound anatomy teaching samples of odynopoeia fetus heart with complex abnormity consistent with echocardiographic view,and utilize them in echo teaching.MethodsTen odynopoeia foetus hearts were cutted comparing to different echocardiographic imaging respectively.Results Dissections of fetus heart were obtained including 5 cases of single cardiac ventricle(2 case with interruption of aortic arch),4 cases of double outlet of right ventricular,and 1 case of hypoplastic left heart syndrome with serious coarctation of the aorta.The apical long axis view,the three blood vessel view,as well as the long axis view of the aortic arch were typical views of ultrasound diagnosis and teaching.ConclusionsIt is profit to raise and accurate rate of fetus echocardiography diagnosis by studying dissection of fetus heart anatomic structure with complex abnormity,which would make ultrasound imaging visualization.
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To explore how to create and optimize a promotion index system of medical quality evaluation, this article focuses on the hospital visiting process from patients, using analyzing collected those index system from couples of Grade Ⅲ hospitals in Beijing, and combining the results of literal study, field study and specialist consult, according to the different situation of general hospitals and specially hospitals, with the spirit of "maintaining the patients benefits, safeguarding the patients safety,and enhancing the medical quality", introduces the framework of the promotion index system, the rules to select the indicator, and so on, and discusses several problerns related to creating the index system.