Challenges Faced by "Young" Ethics Committees under the Mode of Collaborative Review / 中国医学伦理学

In the process of exploring standardized and efficient ethical review models for multi-center drug clinical trials, the ethical review alliance emerged as the times require. Compared with mature ethics committees, higher requirements have been put forward for the "young" ethics committees. By analyzing problems existing in review work of "young" ethics committees in the ethics review alliance, this paper discussed the measures to improve the review quality of "young" ethics committees and promote the standardized and efficient operation of the alliance, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for improving the homogenization of ethics review and accelerating the clinical research process of innovative drugs.

Clinical Observation of Modified Yinqiaosan Combined with Antibiotics in Treatment of Acute Tonsillitis in Children with Wind-heat Invading Lung Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of modified Yinqiaosan combined with antibiotics in the treatment of acute tonsillitis in children with wind-heat invading lung syndrome. MethodA total of 96 children with acute tonsillitis of wind-heat invading the lung syndrome were randomized into control group and observation group. The control group was treated with routine antibiotics， and the observation group was treated with modified Yinqiaosan and antibiotics for 7 days. The scores of major symptoms （sore throat， erythmatous throat， dysphagia， erythmatous tonsils and suppuration） and minor symptoms （fever， cough， stool， and tongue） and the levels of inflammation- and immune-related indexes ［white blood cell （WBC）， C-reactive protein （CRP）， serum amyloid A （SAA）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and interferon-γ （IFN-γ）］ were compared between two groups. ResultThe data of 92 children were statistically analyzed： 45 in the observation group and 47 cases in the control group. The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was 95.56%， as compared with the 93.62% of the control group. After treatment， the scores of major symptoms in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）， and the scores of cough， defecation， and tongue in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The levels of inflammation- and immune-related indexes after treatment in the observation group were lower than those before treatment （P<0.05）. Except IFN-γ， the levels of the inflammation- and immune-related indexes in the control group were lower than those before treatment （P<0.05）. After treatment， the levels of SAA and IL-6 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. ConclusionModified Yinqiaosan combined with antibiotics can significantly reduce the expression of SAA and IL-6 in the treatment of children with acute tonsillitis， thereby alleviating inflammation and clinical symptoms and improving prognosis.

The effect of maternal internal and uterine environmental changes during pregnancy on asthma in offspring / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Childhood asthma is one of the most-common chronic respiratory diseases in the world.The incidence of asthma is increasing, and therefore, controlling the occurrence and development of asthma has been the current research hotspot.A growing number of evidences have shown that the changes of maternal internal and uterine environment during pregnancy are related to the occurrence of asthma in offspring.The influence of maternal mental, disease, nutrition, environment, drug exposure on the occurrence of asthma in offspring were summarized, providing a new idea for understanding the mechanism, prevention and treatment of children asthma.

The Contest between Life-Oriented and Specialization : A Study on the Self-treatment Phenomenon in Ming and Qing Dynasties in China / 의사학

It is natural for people to think that the increasing popularity of seeking medical treatment and the continuous development of medicine are the important embodiment of the progress of human civilization. Generally speaking, the progress of medical technology and the abundance of medical resources mean that the phenomenon of self-treatment is reduced. However, this study of Chinese medical history found that it had always been a common choice to seek self-treatment for people in all social classes, from literati and bureaucrats to ordinary people in remote mountainous areas, especially during the Ming and Qing Dynasties in China. Such records can be seen especially when looking through historical materials such as medical books, local chronicles, genealogies, notes, and anthologies. Although medical skills in Ming-Qing era were more developed than previous eras and the local medical resources were more abundant, from ordinary people in remote areas to elite groups such as literati and officials, people often regarded self-treatment as a basic choice when they or their family members fell ill, no matter whether they had the ability or the opportunity to delay medical treatment. This article aims to explore the logic and root behind this seemingly contradictory phenomenon.Therefore, this research first raises the question: what accounted for this seemingly contradictory phenomenon? In response to this question, this study confirms the following: Firstly, low barriers to entry and high rewards drove people of varying qualifications into the medical profession, and good doctors were hard to find; thus, self-treatment was no worse than the alternatives. Secondly, in the Ming-Qing dynasties, Confucian physicians tended to write more practical prescriptions, which gave many people the opportunity to improve their own medical knowledge and provided great convenience for self-treatment. Thirdly, since the mid-Ming Dynasty, the high medical cost had caused serious difficulties for ordinary people to seek professional medical care, so they tried their best to save themselves when they fell ill.On this basis, this study further found that the deeper reason for this phenomenon lies in the incoordination between the high degree of daily life style of traditional medical treatment and the corresponding low degree of medical specialization and professionalism. Then, this leads to another question: is this incongruity a historical norm or a product of a certain historical stage? This article argues that during the Ming-Qing era, in the macro trend, the two showed a competitive relationship. However, in the context of a broader and more microscopic time and space, is this competitive relationship valid? Especially at present, chronic non-communicable diseases are becoming the biggest threat to human health. With the professional development of medical technology, the trend of medical life-style has also become a reasonable way to fill the gap from highly authoritative medical treatment and take on the responsibilities of their own health. This kind of medical specialization and life-style seems to be developing in parallel. Therefore, it can be concluded that the dissonance between the two is only the product of a certain historical period.Finally, this study raises another relevant question: what are the social and cultural implications behind the parallel development of medical life and specialization? This is a question to be answered in future research on the topic.

Drug monitoring of omalizumab in treatment of 2 children with high level IgE allergic asthma / 药学实践杂志

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of the omalizumab treatment in children with high level IgE allergic asthma. Methods The clinical data of 2 children with allergic asthma treated with omalizumab in the Departemnt of Respiratory Medicine of Shanghai Children’s Hospital from August 2020 to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and they had regular follow-up after end of treatment. The dosage and course of treatment, therapeutic effect and adverse drug reactions of omalizumab were analyzed. Results After receiving omalizumab treatment, asthma symptoms were well controlled, the dosage of inhaled corticosteroids during asthma treatment were reduced and nasal symptoms were relieved. 20 subcutaneous injections were received by 2 children, and no adverse reactions were found. After the treatment, regular pharmaceutical follow-up showed that the children were in good health. Conclusion Omalizumab is suitable for high level IgE allergic asthma and can improve asthma control symptoms with good long-term safety. However, the appropriate dosage and course of treatment still need further experience accumulation.

Challenges Faced by "Young" Ethics Committees under the Mode of Collaborative Review / 中国医学伦理学

In the process of exploring standardized and efficient ethical review models for multi-center drug clinical trials, the ethical review alliance emerged as the times require. Compared with mature ethics committees, higher requirements have been put forward for the "young" ethics committees. By analyzing problems existing in review work of "young" ethics committees in the ethics review alliance, this paper discussed the measures to improve the review quality of "young" ethics committees and promote the standardized and efficient operation of the alliance, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for improving the homogenization of ethics review and accelerating the clinical research process of innovative drugs.

Nursing care of a patient with hemophilic arthritis and hepatitis C undergoing unilateral hip and knee replacement simultaneously / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To summarize the perioperative nursing experience of a patient with hemophilia arthritis complicated with hepatitis C undergoing unilateral hip and knee arthroplasty at the same time.Methods:In August 2018, a patient with hemophilic arthritis complicated with hepatitis C was admitted to the first hospital of Lanzhou University. Preparations for health education, functional exercises, examination and evaluation before operation was made. Unilateral hip and knee arthroplasty were performed at the same time, strengthen the management of incisions and catheters after the operation, actively prevent complications, and guide patients to perform functional rehabilitation exercises under the conditions of good pain management and safe coagulation factor activity; pay attention to the nursing of coagulation factor replacement treatment in the whole perioperative period.Results:After careful nursing, no serious complications occurred during the patient's hospitalization, and the position and force line of the prosthesis were satisfactory by imaging examination before discharge.Conclusion:The perioperative care of this patient proved that the above-mentioned nursing measures are effective for hemophilic arthritis patients with hepatitis C undergoing unilateral hip and knee arthroplasty at the same time.

Correlation between SLAMF6 expression and perforin and granzyme B on circulating CD8 +T cells and the clinical significance in patients with severe aplastic anemia / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To explore the correlation between the expression of signaling lymphocyte activation molecule family 6 (SLAMF6) on peripheral blood CD8 +T cells and perforin and granzyme B and the clinical significance in patients with newly diagnosed severe aplastic anemia(SAA). Methods:The indicators of blood routine and bone marrow and peripheral blood samples of 32 newly diagnosed SAA patients admitted to Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2016 to June 2019 were collected for retrospective analysis. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of SLAMF6, perforin and granzyme B on samples CD8 +T cell before therapy and 6 months after therapy (11 cases received transplantation, 21 cases received immunosuppressive therapy [IST]). Spearman correlation analysis was performed to determine the association between clinical indicators and laboratory test results. The expression of SLAMF6, perforin and granzyme B was also detected in 10 healthy people (normal group) and 13 myelodysplastic syndromes/paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (MDS/PNH) patients (MDS/PNH group). Results:(1) At diagnosis: the expression of SLAMF6 was significantly lower in the SAA group than that in the normal group and the MDS/PNH group ([56.40±6.37]% vs [84.34±5.81]% and [82.24±4.98]% (both P<0.001]). The expression of perforin was significantly higher in the SAA group (32.73±8.46) than that in the normal control group (23.75%±5.10%), and the MDS/PNH group (26.12%±5.53%) (both P<0.05). The expression of granzyme B was also significantly higher in the SAA group (36.23%±7.94%) than that in the normal control group (21.67%±5.05%) and the MDS/PNH group (21.79%±5.10%) (both P<0.001). The expression of SLAMF6 was positively correlated with the hemoglobin ( r=0.804), and reticulocyte absolute values ( r=0.656) in peripheral blood, percentage of granulocytes ( r=0.643) and erythrocytes ( r=0.622) in bone marrow of SAA patients (all P<0.05). Expression of SLAMF6 was negatively correlated with perforin ( r=-0.792) and granzyme B ( r=-0.908) on CD8 +T cells in patients with SAA (both P<0.001). (2) After treatment: the expression of SLAMF6 in peripheral blood CD8 +T cells of 30 surviving patients was higher than pre-treatment ([79.19±12.69]% vs [56.40±6.37]%, P<0.001). The expressions of perforin and granzyme B were lower than pre-treatment level (both P<0.05). The expression of SLAMF6 on CD8 +T cells in 11 transplanted patients was higher than before transplantation ([86.54±3.75]% vs [56.40±7.35]%, P<0.001). The expressions of perforin and granzyme B were lower than before transplantation (both P<0.05). The expression of SLAMF6 on CD8 +T cells in 12 IST-respond patients was higher than that before treatment, while the perforin and granzyme B levels were lower than pre-treatment (all P<0.05). The post-treatment expressions of SLAMF6, perforin and granzyme B were similar as before treatment levels in 7 IST-unrespond patients (all P>0.05). Conclusion:SLAMF6 is significantly down-regulated on CD8 +T cells in newly diagnosed SAA, negatively correlated with the effective factors of CD8 +T cells, which might participate in the immune regulatory of CD8 +T cells as a negative regulatory factor in patients with SAA. The SLAMF6 is significantly up-regulated after hematopoietic recovery, while there is no significant change in treatment-unrespond patients, which could thus serve as an useful diagnostic and therapeutic index of patients with SAA.

Experts proposal and frequently asked questions of rapid screening and prevention of novel coronavirus pneumonia in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become the most severe public health issue at the moment, threatening people′s lives. Pediatricians in Shanghai have recently launched a discussion on the focused questions of NCP, including the incidence situation, epidemiological features, essentials of early screening, treatment and nosocomial infection prevention of children′s novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV), and further put forward the experts proposal upon the patterns of disease occurrence, development, diagnosis and control, for the reference of frontline pediatricians.

Survey on clinical skill application and training needs of community general practitioners in Shanghai Changning District / 中华全科医师杂志

A survey on clinical skill application and training needs of general practitioners (GPs) was conducted in the community health service centers of Shanghai Changning District from March to May 2019. The heads of the medical/prevention departments of 10 community health service centers (CHS) in Changning District were invited to evaluate the application frequency of clinical skills and training needs of GPs. According to Residency Training Standards for General Practitioners (trial), Training Standards for Assistant General Practitioners (trial), Training Program for General Practitioners in Primary Medical and Health Institutions (trial), 369 clinical skills for general practitioners were included for evaluation. The application frequency of above 369 clinical skills among 198 general practitioners were evaluated and training needs were also assessed. The overall application frequency score of GPs for 369 clinical skills was 1.00 (0.30, 1.70) points, and the training needs score was 1.40 (1.10, 1.70) points. The application frequency of different clinical skills was positively correlated with training needs ( r=0.462, P<0.01). And the four-quadrant analysis results show that among the 369 clinical practice skills, 116 (31.4%) items were used by GPs with high frequency and high training needs, and 80 (21.7%) items were used with low frequency but high training needs. There were 45 (12.2%) items with high application frequency but low training needs, and 128 (34.7%) items with low application frequency and low training needs. The survey indicates that the training of clinical skills listed in the three major training standards or outlines should be strengthened in continuing education for general practitioners, and the practice skills with high application frequency and high training needs should be focused in training program to improve the quality, effectiveness and efficiency of training.

Clinical study on factor Ⅷ inhibitor in children with hemophilia A / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To reveal the related factors of inhibitors and differences ofhemorrhage and joint disease before and after the production of inhibitors in children with hemophilia A (HA) .@*Methods@#Retrospective analyses of the clinical data of 381 children with HA under the age of 16 registered in the Registration Management Center of Hemophilia in Henan Provincial from January 2015 to August 2018.@*Results@#A total of the 381 children were enrolled with 116 (30.4%) mild, 196 (51.4%) moderate, and 69 (18.1%) severe cases; 54 patients (14.2%) had inhibitors, including 22 high and 32 low titer inhibitors. Positive family history was positively associated with inhibitors[P<0.001, OR=3.299 (95%CI 1.743-5.983) ], and high-intensity exposure was associated with inhibitors[P=0.002, OR=2.587 (95%CI 1.414-4.731) ]. High-intensity exposure was associated with high titer inhibitor production[P=0.001, OR=8.689 (95%CI 2.464-30.638) ], and high-intensity exposure increased the risk of high titer inhibitors in HA patients. After inhibitors occurred in 54 patients with HA, the rates of overall joint annual bleeding (z=-3.440, P=0.001) and traumatic annual bleeding (z=-2.232, P=0.026) increased, but the rates of the annual joint bleeding (z=-1.342, P=0.180) and spontaneous annual bleeding (z=-1.414, P=0.157) remained to be not statistically significant. The joint ultrasound score did not change significantly after the inhibitor information (z=-0.632, P=0.527) .@*Conclusions@#Positive family history and high-intensity exposure could increase the risk of F Ⅷ inhibitors in HA patients, and high-intensity exposure increased the risk of high titer inhibitors. The rates of the overall joint annual bleeding and traumatic annual bleeding increased after the inhibitor information.

Experts proposal and frequently asked questions of rapid screening and prevention of novel coronavirus pneumonia in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become the most severe public health issue at the moment, threatening people′s lives.Pediatricians in Shanghai have recently launched a discussion on the focused questions of NCP, including the incidence situation, epidemiological features, essentials of early screening, treatment and nosocomial infection prevention of children′s novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV), and further put forward the experts proposal upon the patterns of disease occurrence, development, diagnosis and control, for the reference of frontline pediatricians.

Correlation between myeloperoxidase expression and gene alterations and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia / 中华血液学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the percentage of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blast cells, and to explore the correlation of MPO expression with the clinical features, gene alterations, therapeutic response and prognosis of AML.@*Methods@#The expressions of MPO in BM blasts cells of 233 newly diagnosed AML were retrospectived analyzed, they were divided into two groups using the percentage of MPO-positive blast [low (≤70%) and high (>70%)], clinical features, gene alterations, chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#①Of the 233 patients, 121(51.9%) were in the low MPO group, and the rest 112(48.1%) in the high MPO group. Favorable-risk group according NCCN guidelines of AML was always MPO-high (χ2=32.773, P<0.001), while MPO-low was closely related to poor-risk (χ2=7.078, P=0.008); ②DNMT3A mutation (χ2=6.905, P=0.009), spliceosome genes mutation (SF3B1/SRSF2/U2AF1) (χ2=5.246, P=0.022), RUNX1 mutation (χ2=4.577, P=0.032), ASXL1 mutation (χ2=7.951, P=0.005) and TP53 mutation (P=0.004) were more likely to be seen in the low MPO group, while C-KIT mutation (χ2=8.936, P=0.003) and CEBPA mutation (χ2=12.340, P<0.001) were more frequent in the high MPO group, especially CEBPA double mutation; ③The rates of first complete remission in the low MPO group were significantly lower than that in the high MPO group (38.8% vs 68.1%, χ2=15.197, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that low MPO positivity significantly affected the CR1 unfavourably. ④The overall survival (OS) and the progression-free survival (PFS) were significantly worse in the low MPO group (18.0% vs 89.4% for OS, and 11.5% vs 56.7% for PFS, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis disclosed that the low number of MPO was significantly unfavourable prognostic factor. ⑤The low MPO group still showed a worse survival even when restricted to the patients with normal karyotype, the OS and the PFS were 31.1% and 18.8% respectively.@*Conclusions@#AML with different MPO expression percentage had a unique gene mutation spectrum. Low expression of MPO was an independent risk factor for CR1, OS and PFS in AML patients, which may be a simple and highly significant factor for AML patients when evaluating the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis.

Design and practice of orthopedic clinical practice teaching based on WeChat platform / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of orthopedic clinical practice teaching design based on WeChat platform.Methods From September 2015 to August 2017,62 undergraduate students majoring in clinical medicine in the department of orthopedics of our hospital were selected as the study subjects,and randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.With 31 interns in each group,the control group implemented the traditional teaching method according to the requirements of the syllabus.The experimental group was attached to WeChat production,push notification and communication of related courses on the basis of the traditional teaching methods.At the end of the teaching,the theoretical and operational tests,the comprehensive quality assessment,the evaluation for teachers' teaching work and the questionnaire survey of the two groups were administrated to evaluate the teaching effect.SAS 9.0 was used to do t-test and CMH-chi-square test.Results The score of the experimental group in the theoretical test [(87.52 ± 5.45) vs.(82.61 ± 7.70)],operational test [(94.36 ± 2.60) vs.(92.26 ± 3.01)],comprehensive quality assessment [(95.94 ± 1.61) vs.(93.42 ± 2.81)] and the evaluation for teachers' teaching work [(94.58 ± 2.06) vs.(92.55 ± 1.69)] were better than those of control group,and there were statistically significant differences.P values were 0.005,0.005,0.000 and 0.000 respectively.The questionnaire survey results show that the experimental group was better than the control group in learning motivation (P=0.035),literature study (P=0.013),curriculum arrangement (P=0.007),teaching satisfaction (P=0.029) and professional recognition (P=0.040).Conclusions The clinical practice teaching method based on WeChat platform is effective and feasible to the orthopedic medical students,which is helpful to improve students' learning initiative and master effective learning strategies.The application is worth promoting.

Pediatric idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome with pulmonary embolism: a case report and review of literature / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To explore clinical features of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome combined with pulmonary embolism.@*Method@#A retrospective analysis of a patient with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome and pulmonary embolism diagnosed and treated in the Respiratory Department of Shanghai Children′s Hospital in September 2016 was performed. A literature search was performed with"Eosinophils increased, thrombosis"as the Chinese keywords in Wanfang database and"idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome, deep vein thrombosis"as the English key words in PubMed database. The time interval was from April 1985 to March 2017.@*Result@#The patient was 11-year-old with fever and cough. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) showed pulmonary embolism, inferior vena cava thrombosis. Ultrasound examination of the left leg demonstrated venous thrombosis. Complete blood count showed eosinophilia and thrombocytopenia. Literature found 30 articles, including eighteen case reports, twelve reviews and other types of articles. A total of 23 cases were reported, only three were pediatric cases. According to the literature that eosinophilia can damage the vascular epithelium, leading to multiple arterial and venous thromboses, anticoagulation and glucocorticoid treatments are effective.@*Conclusion@#The diagnosis of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is complicated. It may cause multiple thromboses. Anticoagulation and glucocorticoids can reduce eosinophil count and decrease its toxins which can injure vascular endothelium. The effectiveness of preventative anticoagulant therapy is unclear and requires further clinical study.

Bioinformatic analysis of regulation of microRNA on target genes in pediatric asthma / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To understand the underlying mechanism of mites-induced pediatric asthma by bioinformatic analysis on speciifc microRNA (miRNA) array and target gene screening. Methods This is a case control study of 62 pairs of dust mites-induced asthma children with age and gender matched healthy controls. Twelve pairs were randomly selected for miRNA array. The abnormal expression of miRNAs was compared between asthma and control children. The results were validated by RT-qPCR and bioinformatic analysis in remaining pairs of children. Results Six miRNAs (miRNA-151a-5p, 625-5p, 126-3p, 513a-5p, 27b-3p, 22-3p) were signiifcantly down-regulated more than two folds in dust mites-induced asthma children than those in controls. The enriched bioinformatics analysis showed that these miRNAs and their target genes CBL, PPARGC1B, ESR1, ONECUT2, EGFR, SYK, and STAT1 were related to inlfammatory cytokine signaling pathway. Conclusion It is suggested that miR-22-3p, 513a-5p, 625-5p, 27b-3p, and miRNA-target genes form a network through co-regulation to target genes to participate dust mites-induced asthma in children.

Comparison of HBV persistent infection mice models by different serotypes of AAVs carrying HBV genomes / 生物工程学报

In recent years, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) persistent infection mouse model with recombinant adeno-associated virus 8 carrying 1.3 copies of HBV genome (rAAV8-1.3HBV) is concerned. We studied and compared the efficacy among HBV persistent infection mice models by other serotypes except AAV8. First, we prepared and purified five viruses: rAAV1-1.3HBV, rAAV2-1.3HBV, rAAV5-1.3HBV, rAAV8-1.3HBV and rAAV9-1.3HBV. Then we injected each virus into 3 C57BL/6J mice with the dose of lx 1011 vg (Viral genome, vg) per mouse. We detected HBsAg and HBeAg in sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at different time points post injection. We killed mice 8 weeks post injection and took blood and livers for assay. We detected copies of HBV DNA by real-time quantitative PCR in sera and livers. Meantime, we detected HBcAg in the livers of mice by immunohistochemistry and further performed pathology analysis of these livers. The five groups of mice, HBeAg and HBsAg expression sustained 8 weeks in serological detection and HBV DNA was both detected in sera and livers at the time of 8 weeks post injection. HBeAg, HBsAg, HBV DNA copies expression levels in descending order were AAV8>AAV9>AAV1>AAV5>AAV2. HBcAg expression was detected in livers as well. Varied degrees of liver damage were shown in five groups of mice. This study provides more alternative AAV vector species to establish a persistent infection with hepatitis B model.

Construction of recombinant adenovirus vector pAV.Ex1 d-Hiwi using Gateway technology / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective To obtain the Hiwi gene encoding full-length and construct human Hiwi adenoviral vectors carrying green luorescence protein (GFP), and to establish foundation for a further study on Hiwi function and mechanism of inducing leukemia stem cell differentiation and apoptosis.Methods All coding areas of human Hiwi gene full length were amplified using method of overlapping extension PCR technology, and the full length coding aeras were inserted into the vector of Flag-IRES-hrGFP carrying GFP with Gateway technology to construct pDown-Hiwi-3 × flag-IRES-hrGFP. The cloning vector pDown-Hiwi-3 × flag-IRES-hrGFP and expression vector pAV. Des1d were used for homologous recombination reaction to obtain recombinant adenovirus vector pAV.Ex1d-Hiwi-3× flag-IRES-hrGFP.The positive clones were selected by PCR to extract the recombinant adenovirus plasmid and to pack into recombinant Ad-Hiwi-3 × flag-IRES-hrGFP adenovirus. Results The human recombinant Hiwi was successfully cloned and the recombinant adenovirus vector pAV.Ex1d-Hiwi-3×flag-IRES-hrGFP was found to be successfully constructed via restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing methods. The adenovirus vector pAV.Ex1d-Hiwi-3×flag-IRES-hrGFP was transfected into the HEK293A cells using lipofectamine mediated gene transfection method. Under fluorescence microscope, the transfected cells with green fluorescence could be observed.Conclusion The expression plasmid of adenovirus vector pAV.Ex1d-Hiwi-3 × flag-IRES-hrGFP is successfully constructed and it can express in HEK293A cells.

Relationship between serum cytokines and depression in patients with colorectal cancer / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the correlation between serum cytokines and the depression degree in the patients with colorec-tal cancer.Methods 9 6 cases of colorectal cancer were selected and divided into 2 groups according to the patients health question-naire(PHQ-9):the depression group (52 cases)and the non-depression group (44 cases),and 40 healthy cases were recruited as the control.Serum interleukin-2 (IL-2),soluble interleukin-2 receptor (SIL-2R)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELSIA).The detection results were compared among various groups.And the correlation be-tween the expression of various cytokines and the depression degree was analyzed by the Pearson′s correlation coefficient.Results The levels of IL-2,SIL-2R and TNF-αhad statistical differences among 3 groups (P0.05),but which in these two groups was higher than that in healthy group (P<0.05);the IL-2 level in the depression group was significantly lower than that in the non-depression group(P<0.05);the SIL-2 R level in the depression group was obviously higher than that in the non-depression group (P<0.05), moreover,which in these two groups was higher than that in the healthy group (P<0.05).By correlation analysis,the depression degree in the patients with colorectal cancer was negatively correlated with the IL-2 level (r=-0.259,P<0.05)and positively correlated with the SIL-2R level(r=0.412,P<0.05).Conclusion The levels of IL-2 and SIL-2R have certain correlation with the depression degree in the patients with colorectal cancer,it is speculated that the above cytokines may play a mediating role in the pathogenesis process of depression in the colorectal cancer patients.

High activity level of miR-206 discovered in BHK21 cells by high-throughput miRNA activity profiling / 生物工程学报

Activities of 58 miRNAs for BHK21, HEK293, and Vero cell lines were screened using the high-throughput miRNA activity profiling method. miR-206 activity was found specifically high in BHK21. Considering miR-206 was recognized as a muscle-specific miRNA, we further detected the expression and activity level of miR-206 in BHK21 cells, with myoblast cells C2C12 as positive control and HEK293 cells as negative control. Then, we induced BHK21 by culturing with medium containing 2% horse serum (HS) and tested expression level of slow skeletal myosin heavy chain (MHC), activity and expression levels of miR-206, and expression level of Connexin43 (Cx43) which was reported negatively regulated by miR-206. Results demonstrated that activity and expression levels of miR-206 were both higher in BHK21 cells than in C2C12 cells. After induction of HS, MHC expression level was increased in BHK21 cells. The activity and expression levels of miR-206 were further enhanced. The Cx43 expression level was decreased. These results suggested that BHK21 had the characters of myoblast cells. In conclusion, we firstly discovered that miR-206 activity was specifically high in BHK21 cells, suggesting that BHK21 cells were derived from interstitial cells other than parenchyma cells of kidney from miRNA point of view. Our study also indicated that BHK21 cells were able to be used as models in vitro for research of miR-206 function.