Evaluation of root-knot nematode disease control and plant growth promotion potential of biofertilizer Ning shield on Trichosanthes kirilowii in the field

Abstract Biofertilizer Ning shield was composed of different strains of plant growth promotion bacteria. In this study, the plant growth promotion and root-knot nematode disease control potential on Trichosanthes kirilowii in the field were evaluated. The application of Ning shield significantly reduced the diseases severity caused by Meloidogyne incognita, the biocontrol efficacy could reached up to 51.08%. Ning shield could also promote the growth of T. kirilowii in the field by increasing seedling emergence, height and the root weight. The results showed that the Ning shield could enhance the production yield up to 36.26%. Ning shield could also promote the plant growth by increasing the contents of available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, and increasing the contents of leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid pigment. Moreover, Ning shield could efficiently enhance the medicinal compositions of Trichosanthes, referring to the polysaccharides and trichosanthin. Therefore, Ning shield is a promising biofertilizer, which can offer beneficial effects to T. kirilowii growers, including the plant growth promotion, the biological control of root-knot disease and enhancement of the yield and the medicinal quality.

Effects of hip protector on biomechanical response of the pelvis-femur complex under lateral pelvic impacts during sideways falls / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the effect of hip protector on biomechanical response of the human pelvis-femur complex under lateral pelvic impacts during sideways falls using three dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) method. Methods Based on the model database of China Mechanical Virtual Human, a 3D FE model of the pelvis-femur-soft tissue complex including cortical bone, cancellous bone and soft tissue capsule and the pelvis-femur-soft tissue complex with a two layer hip protector were created, respectively. The rigid plane model was also constructed in the two models for ground simulation and constrained in all freedoms. The average hip lateral impact velocity of 2 m/s was applied to the two models, and the time for simulation analysis was set at 20 ms. The stress and strain distribution on the two models under lateral impacts could be obtained by the 3D FE calculation. The comparative analysis was performed to study the effect of the hip protector on biomechanical response of the pelvis-femur complex. Results The hip protector made the peak Von Mises stress appeared 4 ms more earlier in the pelvis-femur complex with a significant decrease in the stress and strain level. The average Von Mises stress peak was decreased by 67.88% and 69.34% in the cortical bone and in the cancellous bone, respectively, and the compressive principal strain peak was decreased by 63%. Conclusions Under lateral pelvic impacts, the two-layer hip protector could act as safeguard for pelvis-femur complex, thus effectively prevent the occurrence or reduce the risk of bone fracture.

Expression of HMGB1 and HMGN2 in gingival tissues, GCF and PICF of periodontitis patients and peri-implantitis

High mobility group chromosomal protein B1 (HMGB1) and N2 (HMGN2), two members of High mobility group (HMG) family, play important role in inflammation. The purposes of this study were to investigate the expression of HMGB1 and HMGN2 in periodontistis. The expression of HMGB1 and HMGN2 mRNA in gingival tissues and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in chronic periodontitis (CP), generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP) patients and healthy subjects was detected by real-time PCR. The protein level of HMGB1 and HMGN2 in peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF), peri-implant crevicular fluid of peri-implantitis (PI-PICF) and normal patients was determined by Western blotting. Furthermore, IL-1â, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-á and HMGB1 levels in GCF, PI-PICF and healthy-PICF samples from different groups were determined by ELISA. HMGN2 expression was increased in inflamed gingival tissues and GCF from CP and G-ApG groups compared to control group. HMGB1 expression was the highest in the gingival tissues and GCF from CP patients and was accompanied by increased concentrations of IL-1â, IL-6, IL-8 proinflammaory cytokines. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting that the expression of HMGB1 and HMGN2 was increased in the gingival tissues and GCF in CP and G-AgP and the PICF in PICF. Our data suggest that HMGB1 may be a potential target for the therapy of periodontitis and PI.

Biomechanical response of the pelvis femur complex under lateral pelvic impacts during sideways falls / 医用生物力学

Objective To investigate the biomechanical characteristics of the human pelvis-femur complex under lateral pelvic impacts during sideways falls using three dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) method. Methods Based on the model database of China Mechanical Virtual Human, a 3D FE model of the pelvis femur soft tissue complex was created, including cortical bone, cancellous bone and soft tissue capsule. A rigid plane model was also constructed for ground simulation and constrained in all freedoms. The average hip lateral impact velocity of 2 m/s was applied to the model and the time for simulation analysis was set at 20 ms. The stress and strain distribution on the pelvis-femur complex were obtained by the 3D FE calculation and analysis. ResultsOn the contact surface, the peak impact load reached to 7 656 N at 13 ms, while the maximum Von Mises stress on the soft tissue was 2.64 MPa. Simultaneously, the peak Von Mises stress of 142.64 MPa on the cortical bone occurred in the region of pubic symphysis, which was approximate to the yield stress on the cancellous bone. The Von Mises stress level was higher in the region of the femur neck and greater trochanter. At 13 ms, the peak Von Mises stress on the cortical bone of the femur neck was 76.49 MPa and that on the cancellous bone was 8.44 MPa with the peak compressive principal strain being 0.94%. The peak Von Mises stress on the cancellous bone of greater trochanter was 8.50 MPa, while the peak compressive principal strain was 0.93%. Conclusions Bone fractures of the pelvis-femur complex tend to occur in the region of the femur neck, greater trochanter and pubic symphysis under deceleration impacts during sideways falls.

Status Epileptic in 21 Children / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the common cause,inducement and treatment response in patients with status epileptic(SE) in children,in order to improve the level of prevention and treatment of the disease.Methods Valium and chloral hydrate be used in the patient untreated,followed with luminal.Deparkin injection be used in the patient uncontrolled,followed with syrup.Results Of 21 patients,3 cases with epilepsy hadn′t been treated;6 cases with epilepsy hadn′t been treated regularlly;3 cases with epilepsy place respiratory infection;4 cases were the first attack with no inducement;3 cases were suffering from viral encephalitis.Four cases with epilepsy were died who hadn′t been treated regularly.Deparkin might be helpful in treatment with SE,but poor control in patients with long time attacks.Conclusions The attack and prognosis of SE are closely relative to original sick.It is important to prevent the attack.Early diagnosis is the key factor to improve prognosis.