Research progress in low-dose radiotherapy for osteoarthropathy / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Osteoarthropathy is a common chronic disease among middle-aged and elderly populations, characterized by joint pain, limited mobility, and even disability in severe cases. Treatment methods include weight control, functional exercise, local or systemic medication use, and ultimately joint replacement surgery. However, patients often experience ineffective drug treatment or inability to tolerate adverse drug reactions, as well as inability to tolerate joint replacement surgery. Multiple studies have shown that low-dose radiotherapy can alleviate joint pain and limited mobility by regulating multiple stages of the inflammatory process. In addition, the risk of secondary malignant tumors is extremely low, with rare acute and chronic adverse reactions. However, there is still some controversy regarding the optimal segmentation method for radiotherapy in clinical applications, which remains to be elucidated by more prospective studies. Low-dose radiotherapy for osteoarthropathy has been rarely studied in China. This non-invasive, safe, and effective treatment is expected to provide more treatment options for Chinese patients with osteoarthritis.

Associations of blood pressure change with change in foods' intake among adults with mild to moderate hypertension / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the association between the intake and changes in various types of food and the changes in blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Methods: Mild to moderate hypertension participants with complete baseline and outcome data were included from DECIDE-Diet study, a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Dietary records and blood pressure measurements at both 7-day run-in (baseline) and 28-day intervention phases were collected for enrolled participants. Blood pressure change was defined as the difference between blood pressure at the end of trial and the baseline blood pressure. Baseline intake of food was the average daily intake during the run-in period, and the intake increment was defined as the difference between the average intake during the trial period and the average intake during the run-in period. After adjusting for age, sex, study center, intervention groups, baseline body mass index (kg/m2), antihypertension medication use, and baseline total calorie intake, a linear regression model was used to analyze the associations of the before-after-intervention change in blood pressure with baseline intake and intake increment of foods. Results: A total of 258 patients with mild to moderate hypertension were included, including 133 males, aged (56.5±9.9) years. (1) After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no significant association between baseline intake of food and baseline blood pressure (all P>0.05). The blood pressure change was negatively associated with baseline intakes of tubers, vegetables, and vegetable oils but positively with baseline intake of meats; and was negatively associated with intake increment of whole grains and fish (all P<0.05). (2) The multiple linear regression analysis showed that baseline intake of vegetables (β=-0.021, P=0.004), vegetable oils (β=-0.260, P=0.002), and increment in intake of fish (β=-0.128, P=0.026) were all significantly associated with changes in systolic blood pressure; baseline intake of vegetables (β=-0.017, P=0.002), vegetable oils (β=-0.182, P=0.001), dairy products (β=0.021, P=0.022), and increment in intake of fish (β=-0.092, P=0.010) were all significantly associated with changes in diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Increasing the intake of whole grains, vegetables, vegetable oils, and fish and decreasing the intake of meat may be beneficial for blood pressure control in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

Associations of blood pressure change with change in foods' intake among adults with mild to moderate hypertension / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the association between the intake and changes in various types of food and the changes in blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Methods: Mild to moderate hypertension participants with complete baseline and outcome data were included from DECIDE-Diet study, a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Dietary records and blood pressure measurements at both 7-day run-in (baseline) and 28-day intervention phases were collected for enrolled participants. Blood pressure change was defined as the difference between blood pressure at the end of trial and the baseline blood pressure. Baseline intake of food was the average daily intake during the run-in period, and the intake increment was defined as the difference between the average intake during the trial period and the average intake during the run-in period. After adjusting for age, sex, study center, intervention groups, baseline body mass index (kg/m2), antihypertension medication use, and baseline total calorie intake, a linear regression model was used to analyze the associations of the before-after-intervention change in blood pressure with baseline intake and intake increment of foods. Results: A total of 258 patients with mild to moderate hypertension were included, including 133 males, aged (56.5±9.9) years. (1) After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no significant association between baseline intake of food and baseline blood pressure (all P>0.05). The blood pressure change was negatively associated with baseline intakes of tubers, vegetables, and vegetable oils but positively with baseline intake of meats; and was negatively associated with intake increment of whole grains and fish (all P<0.05). (2) The multiple linear regression analysis showed that baseline intake of vegetables (β=-0.021, P=0.004), vegetable oils (β=-0.260, P=0.002), and increment in intake of fish (β=-0.128, P=0.026) were all significantly associated with changes in systolic blood pressure; baseline intake of vegetables (β=-0.017, P=0.002), vegetable oils (β=-0.182, P=0.001), dairy products (β=0.021, P=0.022), and increment in intake of fish (β=-0.092, P=0.010) were all significantly associated with changes in diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Increasing the intake of whole grains, vegetables, vegetable oils, and fish and decreasing the intake of meat may be beneficial for blood pressure control in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

A hnRNPA2B1 agonist effectively inhibits HBV and SARS-CoV-2 omicron in vivo

The twenty-first century has already recorded more than ten major epidemics or pandemics of viral disease, including the devastating COVID-19. Novel effective antivirals with broad-spectrum coverage are urgently needed. Herein, we reported a novel broad-spectrum antiviral compound PAC5. Oral administration of PAC5 eliminated HBV cccDNA and reduced the large antigen load in distinct mouse models of HBV infection. Strikingly, oral administration of PAC5 in a hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 omicron (BA.1) infection significantly decreases viral loads and attenuates lung inflammation. Mechanistically, PAC5 binds to a pocket near Asp49 in the RNA recognition motif of hnRNPA2B1. PAC5-bound hnRNPA2B1 is extensively activated and translocated to the cytoplasm where it initiates the TBK1-IRF3 pathway, leading to the production of type I IFNs with antiviral activity. Our results indicate that PAC5 is a novel small-molecule agonist of hnRNPA2B1, which may have a role in dealing with emerging infectious diseases now and in the future.

Immune-Related Pancreatitis Caused by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Nivolumab:Report of One Case / 中国医学科学院学报

In recent years,great progress has been achieved in the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in tumor immunotherapy.However,a variety of adverse reactions induced by ICI have been reported.Despite the high overall incidence of adverse reactions caused by ICI,some adverse reactions,such as immune-related pancreatitis,are rare in clinical practice.In this paper,a case of immune-related pancreatitis after treatment of advanced gastric cancer with nivolumab was identified.We analyzed the cause,treatment,incidence,and risk factors of the adverse reaction,aiming to improve the clinical diagnosis,treatment,and safe medication of rare adverse reactions associated with ICI.

Preliminary survey report on the clinical validation of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers in China / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the percentage of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers independently validated clinically in China. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey and Beijing, Shenzhen, Shijiazhuang, Datong, and Shihezi were selected according to the geographical location and economic level. In each site, one tertiary hospital, two community health centers, and 20 families with electronic sphygmomanometers in use were chosen. The information of electronic sphygmomanometers including brand, model, manufacturer and production date were obtained by the trained staff. Ten electronic sphygmomanometers from each hospital, five electronic sphygmomanometers from each community health center, and one electronic sphygmomanometer from each family were surveyed, and the user's subjective judgment results and judgment basis on the accuracy of the electronic sphygmomanometer measurement were collected. We searched six registration websites (Medaval, Stride BP, dabl Educational Trust, British and Irish Hypertension Society, American Medical Association and Hypertension Canada) and two research databases (PubMed and CNKI) for the clinical validation status of each electronic sphygmomanometer. Results: A total of 200 electronic sphygmomanometers were investigated in this study, of which only 29.0% (58/200) passed independent clinical validation. When stratified by users, the percentage of being clinical validated was 46.0% (23/50) for electronic sphygmomanometers in hospitals, 42.0% (21/50) for those in community health centers and 14.0% (14/100) for those in home use, respectively, and the proportions between the three groups were significantly difference (P<0.001). Doctors in tertiary hospitals and community health service centers judged the accuracy of electronic sphygmomanometers mainly on the basis of "regular correction" (41.0% (41/100)) and "comparison with other electronic sphygmomanometers" (20.0% (20/100)), while among home users, 41.0% (41/100) were not clear about the accuracy of electronic sphygmomanometers, and 40.0% (40/100) made the judgment by "comparison with the devices in hospitals". Conclusion: The clinical validation of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers in China is low. Most of users, including healthcare professionals, are not aware of clinical validation of electronic sphygmomanometers.

The key role of RNA N 6-methyladenosine (m 6A) methylation in tumor radiotherapy and radiation damage repair / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

N 6-methyladenosine (m 6A) is the most abundant epigenetic modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA), which could be catalyzed by m 6A methyltransferase (Writers), recognized by methylation recognition enzymes (Readers), and removed by demethylase (Erasers). RNA splicing, translation, and stability could be modulated by m 6A methylation modification. The m 6A methylation modification is involved in the biological regulation of a variety of important functional genes in cellular activities. Importantly, abnormal m 6A modification affects the occurrence, development, metastasis and recurrence of tumors. Ionizing radiation can affect the level of m 6A and m 6A methylation-related enzymes. Recently, m 6A methylation is reported to regulate the efficacy of tumor radiotherapy by affecting DNA damage and radiosensitivity of tumor cells. In addition, ionizing radiation can also affect the level of m 6A modification in normal cells to regulate the progress of radiation-induced injuries. This review summarizes the research progress on the roles of m 6A methylation in tumor radiosensitivity and radiation-induced injuries, with the aim of providing novel strategies for the development of clinical tumor radiosensitizers and radioprotective agents.

Composite Sophora Colon-Soluble Capsule Ameliorates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice via Gut Microbiota-Derived Butyric Acid and NCR+ ILC3 / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of composite Sophora colon-soluble Capsule (CSCC) on gut microbiota-mediated short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and downstream group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mice model.@*METHODS@#The main components of CSCC were analyzed by hybrid ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography ion mobility spectromety quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-IM-QTOF/MS). Twenty-four male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6) by using a computer algorithm-generated random digital, including control, DSS model, mesalazine, and CSCC groups. A DSS-induced colitis mice model was established to determine the effects of CSCC by recording colonic weight, colonic length, index of colonic weight, and histological colonic score. The variations in ILC3s were assessed by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. The results of gut microbiota and SCFAs were acquired by 16s rDNA and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The expression levels of NCR+ ILC3-, CCR6+ Nkp46- (Lti) ILC3-, and ILCreg-specific markers were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively.@*RESULTS@#The main components of CSCC were matrine, ammothamnine, Sophora flavescens neoalcohol J, and Sophora oxytol U. After 7 days of treatment, CSCC significantly alleviated colitis by promoting the reproduction of intestinal probiotics manifested as upregulation of the abundance of Bacteroidetes species and specifically the Bacteroidales_S24-7 genus (P<0.05). Among the SCFAs, the content of butyric acid increased the most after CSCC treatment. Meanwhile, compared with the model group, Lti ILC3s and its biomarkers were significantly downregulated and NCR+ ILC3s were significantly elevated in the CSCC group (P<0.01). Further experiments revealed that ILC3s were differentiated from Lti ILC3s to NCR+ ILC3s, resulting in interleukin-22 production which regulates gut epithelial barrier function.@*CONCLUSION@#CSCC may exert a therapeutic effect on UC by improving the gut microbiota, promoting metabolite butyric acid production, and managing the ratio between NCR+ ILC3s and Lti ILC3s.

Preparation of Fe3O4@SW-MIL-101-NH2 for selective pre-concentration of chlorogenic acid metabolites in rat plasma,urine,and feces samples / 药物分析学报

An innovative sandwich-structural Fe-based metal-organic framework magnetic material(Fe3O4@SW-MIL-101-NH2)was fabricated using a facile solvothermal method.The characteristic properties of the material were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron mi-croscopy(TEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray powder diffraction,vibrating sample magnetometry,and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements.Fe3O4@SW-MIL-101-NH2 is associated with advantages,such as robust magnetic properties,high specific surface area,and satisfactory storage stability,as well as good selective recognition ability for chlorogenic acid(CA)and its metabolites via chelation,hydrogen bonding,and π-interaction.The results of the static adsorption experiment indicated that Fe3O4@SW-MIL-101-NH2 possessed a high adsorption capacity toward CA and its isomers,cryptochlorogenic acid(CCA)and neochlorogenic acid(NCA),and the adsorption behaviors were fitted using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.Then,a strategy using magnetic solid-phase extraction(MSPE)and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF MS/MS)was developed and suc-cessfully employed for the selective pre-concentration and rapid identification of CA metabolites in rat plasma,urine,and feces samples.This work presents a prospective strategy for the synthesis of magnetic adsorbents and the high-efficiency pretreatment of CA metabolites.

Clinicopathological features of clear cell hidradenoma in 23 cases / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype and differential diagnosis of clear cell hidradenoma, and to analyze the origin of clear cell hidradenoma and the underlying mechanism.Methods:The clinical data of 23 cases of clear cell hidradenoma who underwent surgical resection in Suzhou Municipal Hospital between December 2017 and July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical manifestation, imaging features, pathological features and prognosis of the 23 cases of clear cell hidradenoma were analyzed. Expression levels of epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin 20, cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 14, carcinoembryonic antigen, and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 were detected by immunohistochemical staining technique using the EnVision system. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining was performed to visualize glycogen.Results:Among the 23 cases, 8 were male and 14 were female, aged 14-94 years, with a median age of 55 years. The first symptom of clear cell hidradenoma was epidermal bulgels in 18 cases.Contrast ultrasonography showed a subcutaneous cystic solid echo mass with abundant blood flow in the solid part. The tumor histologically consisted of two types of cells: secretory epithelial cells or glandular epithelial cells and clear cells. Twenty cases had tumors with the features of benign clear cell hidradenoma. Two cases had atypical clear cell hidradenoma with atypia and mitosis. One case had malignant clear cell hidradenoma. Tumor cells were positive for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 14, carcinoembryonic antigen, and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 and they were Periodic acid-Schiff-positive. Twenty-three patients were followed up for 2-36 months, of which 4 were lost to follow-up and the rest had no recurrence of clear cell hidradenoma.Conclusion:Clear cell hidradenoma is rare and has a good prognosis. Malignant clear cell hidradenoma is rarer and has a poor prognosis. Diagnosis of clear cell hidradenoma is mainly based on comprehensive analysis of pathological features and immunophenotypes. Clear cell hidradenoma should be differentiated from metastatic clear cell carcinoma, spiral adenoma, cortical adenoma, and malignant melanoma.

Enzyme-instructed hybrid nanogel/nanofiber oligopeptide hydrogel for localized protein delivery

Enzyme-catalysis self-assembled oligopeptide hydrogel holds great interest in drug delivery, which has merits of biocompatibility, biodegradability and mild gelation conditions. However, its application for protein delivery is greatly limited by inevitable degradation of enzyme on the encapsulated proteins leading to loss of protein activity. Moreover, for the intracellularly acted proteins, cell membrane as a primary barrier hinders the transmembrane delivery of proteins. The internalized proteins also suffer from acidic and enzymatic degradation in endosomes and lysosomes. We herein develop a protease-manipulated hybrid nanogel/nanofiber hydrogel for localized delivery of intracellularly acted proteins. The embedded polymeric nanogels (CytoC/aNGs) preserve activity of cytochrome

Advances in lymphatic targeted drug delivery system for treatment of tumor metastasis / 中国药科大学学报

@#Lymphatic metastasis is one of the main routes of tumor metastasis. The limitation of traditional medicine in the treatment of lymphatic tumor metastasis lies in the low concentration of the drug in lymphatic metastases resulting in poor efficacy. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery system plays an important role in enhancing drug targeting, improving drug bioavailability, and reducing side effects. This review introduces the composition and function of the lymphatic system as well as its role in tumor metastasis, enumerates the present therapeutic means and limitations of anti-tumor lymphatic metastasis, and focuses on the recent advances in the passive, active and antigen-presenting cell-mediated lymphatic targeted drug delivery systems in tumor metastasis are highlighted.

Relationship between degenerative lumbar disc disease and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that the main causes of disc degeneration are heredity, aging, malnutrition and load history. The role of immune system in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration is not clear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in patients with lumbar disc degeneration, and to study the relationship between the severity of lumbar disc degeneration and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 76 patients with degenerative lumbar disc disease (experimental group) and 56 healthy volunteers (control group). The percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets including CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, CD19+ B cells, and CD3-CD16+CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells were measured by flow cytometry. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ was calculated. The Pfirrmann grading standard was used to evaluate the grade of lumbar disc degeneration in the two groups, and the correlation between peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and lumbar disc degeneration was further evaluated. The study protocol was approved by the Ethic Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in China with approval No. 2019-KY-285. Each participant signed informed consent prior to the study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The degenerative grade of the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The percentages of CD4+ T cells, NK cells and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD8+ T cells in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between the grade of lumbar disc degeneration and lymphocyte subsets of the peripheral blood in the control group. In the experimental group, there was a linear positive correlation between the grade of lumbar disc degeneration and the percentage of CD4+ T cells, the ratio of CD4+/CD8+, and the percentage of NK cells (r=0.412, P=0.000; r=0.715, P=0.000; r=0.494, P=0.000), and there was a linear negative correlation between the grade of lumbar disc degeneration and the percentage of CD8+T cells (r=-0.737, P=0.000). Our results suggest that degenerative changes of the lumbar disc may be related to the changes of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, and the increase of CD4+ T cells, NK cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio may accelerate lumbar disc degeneration. Therefore, changes in the immune system may predict the occurrence of lumbar disc degeneration and may be a target for prevention and treatment of degenerative lumbar disc diseases.

The epidemic trend and influencing factors of diarrhea in children under 5 years old in Nepal based on the demographic and health survey data / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To describe the current situation of diarrhea in children under five years old in Nepal and to explore its influencing factors. Methods Data were collected from the open-access database, Nepal Demographic and Health Surveys in 2006, 2011 and 2016. Chi-square ( 2) and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare difference of potential risk factors between groups with and without diarrhea. Multiple Logistic regression model was adopted to identify significant influencing factors on diarrhea in children under five years old in Nepal. Results In 2006, 2011 and 2016, the incidence of diarrhea children under five in Nepal was 12.3%, 13.3% and 6.8%, respectively. Univariate analysis of the potential influencing factors showed that there were significant differences in the gender, water source, toilet facilities and fuel type, age of children, age of mother when she gave birth to the child and education years of mother and children with and without diarrhea (all P＜0.05). Multiple analysis revealed that improved toilet facilities (OR=0.874, 95% CI: 0.769-0.994, P=0.041) and the age of children(OR=0.613, 95% CI: 0.580-0.645, P＜0.001) were protective factors of childhood diarrhea, and the risk of boys was higher than that of girls(OR=1.277, 95% CI: 1.147-1.423, P＜0.001). Conclusions From 2006 to 2016, the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years old in Nepal was decreasing. Toilet facilities, age of children and gender of children were identified as the influencing factors of childhood diarrhea.

Macrolide antibiotics protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation in rats / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation is the standard treatment for end-stage liver disease and liver failure. However, ischemia-reperfusion injury can reduce the success rate of liver transplantation. When a limited number of liver donors are available for transplantation, how to reduce liver ischemia-reperfusion injury has become the primary issue in liver transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of macrolide antibiotics on ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation in rats. METHODS: Rat autologous orthotopic liver transplantation model was constructed. Wistar rats were randomly divided into macrolide antibiotics group and control group. In the macrolide antibiotics group, the donor liver was treated with macrolide antibiotics (60 mg/kg roxithromycin, 20 mg/kg clarithromycin and 40 mg/kg erythromycin) 30 minutes before hepatectomy, and the above macrolide antibiotic mixture was injected into the portal vein immediately after orthotopic liver transplantation. In the control group, rats were pretreated with the same volume of saline for 30 minutes before hepatectomy, and the same volume of saline was injected into the portal vein immediately after orthotopic liver transplantation. The survival rate of the rats was observed within 7 days after liver transplantation. The serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer at 48 and 72 hours after liver transplantation. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry assay were used to detect the morphological changes of liver tissues and the number of Ki-67 positive cells in liver transplantation rats. TUNEL and western blot assay were used to detect the number of apoptotic hepatocytes and the expression of caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 proteins in liver transplantation rats, respectively. The Kupffer cell number changes and levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α in rat liver tissues after liver transplantation were detected by immunofluorescence and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Macrolide antibiotics increased the overall survival rate of liver transplanted rats, improved the dysfunction of transplanted liver, reduced the severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury after liver transplantation, increased the regenerative capacity of transplanted liver, reduced the number of apoptotic cells and the ratio of cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 in the transplanted liver tissue, and decreased the number of Kupffer cells and the levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in the transplanted liver. All the results indicate that macrolide antibiotics protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats undergoing liver transplantation.

Genetic variation and population structure of different geographical populations of Meretrix petechialis based on mitochondrial gene COI

The hard clam (Meretrix petechialis) is a commercially important shellfish in China. To provide valuable insights into management and conservation of M. petechialis, we investigated the genetic variation and population structure of M. petechialis by analysing samples from nine geographical populations. In this study, the genetic diversity and differentiation of nine populations of M. petechialis were assessed using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene. A total of 90 COI sequences were obtained and each COI sequence was 699 bp in length. Fifty-one haplotypes were identified with 10 haplotypes sharedamong populations. The haplotype diversity was highest in Fujian, Panjin and Jiangsu (0.9778 ± 0.0540) and lowest in Dalian (0.7778 ± 0.1374). The nucleotide diversity was highest in Panjin (0.453401 ± 0.240463) and lowest in Jiangsu (0.006213 ± 0.004141). Neutral test (Fu’s Fs) and mismatch distribution analysis revealed that the hard clam experienced a population expansion event. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 91.7% of the genetic variance was within populations and 0.52% of the variance was among populations, demonstrating significant genetic differentiation among populations (P < 0.05). The neighbour-joining tree showed that the haplotypes were not clustered according to the geographical location, but some haplotypes from the same or neighbouring locations grouped together. The results obtained in this study provide useful information on the genetic diversity and population structure of M. petechialis and shed light on the management and protection of resources of M. petechialis in the northwestern Pacific.

Epidemic situation and control strategy of malaria in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2018 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of malaria and explore the targeted control strategy in Guangxi from 2011 to 2018. Methods The malaria surveillance data were collected in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2018, and a descriptive method was employed to analyze the epidemiological features of the malaria cases. Results A total of 2 944 malaria cases were reported in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2018, including a case with local infection (0.03%) and 2 943 imported cases (99.97%). There were 2 933 cases (99.63%) positive for Plasmodium confirmed by laboratory testing, including 2 166 cases (73.86%) with P. falciparum malaria, 388 cases (13.23%) with P. ovale malaria, 276 cases (9.41%) with P. vivax malaria, 40 cases (1.36%) with P. malariae malaria and 62 cases (2.11%) with mixed infections, and 11 clinically diagnosed cases (0.37%). The malaria cases were distributed in 91 counties (districts) of 14 cities in Guangxi, with the largest number of cases found in Nanning City (2 515 cases, 85.43%). The malaria cases were originated from 29 countries in Africa (94.67%), 7 countries in Southeast Asia (5.10%), one country in South America (0.07%), 2 countries in South Asia and China (0.10%). In African countries, most malaria cases were from Ghana (1 947 cases, 66.13%), and in Southeast Asian countries, most cases were from Myanmar (75 cases, 2.55%). Most malaria cases were young men, and 2 899 cases (98.13%) were male, while 2 583 cases (87.74%) were at ages of 20 to 49 years. Gold washing and mining was the predominant occupation (2 561 cases, 86.99%), and the malaria cases were reported in each month across the year, with the largest number of cases detected in June (665 cases, 22.59%), while no season-specific distribution was found. There were 1 431 cases (48.61%) reported by disease control and prevention institutions, 1 511 cases (51.30%) reported by medical institutions, and 2 cases (0.07%) reported by inspection and quarantine institutions. During the period from 2011 to 2018, there were 6 deaths of imported malaria cases in Guangxi, and no secondary cases were reported. Conclusions The epidemic situation of local malaria has been effectively controlled in Guangxi; however, there is a great challenge for the management of overseas imported malaria. Strengthening the monitoring and management of migrant labors is the key to consolidate the achievements of malaria elimination.

Epidemic situation and control strategy of malaria in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2018 / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of malaria and explore the targeted control strategy in Guangxi from 2011 to 2018. Methods The malaria surveillance data were collected in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2018, and a descriptive method was employed to analyze the epidemiological features of the malaria cases. Results A total of 2 944 malaria cases were reported in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2018, including a case with local infection (0.03%) and 2 943 imported cases (99.97%). There were 2 933 cases (99.63%) positive for Plasmodium confirmed by laboratory testing, including 2 166 cases (73.86%) with P. falciparum malaria, 388 cases (13.23%) with P. ovale malaria, 276 cases (9.41%) with P. vivax malaria, 40 cases (1.36%) with P. malariae malaria and 62 cases (2.11%) with mixed infections, and 11 clinically diagnosed cases (0.37%). The malaria cases were distributed in 91 counties (districts) of 14 cities in Guangxi, with the largest number of cases found in Nanning City (2 515 cases, 85.43%). The malaria cases were originated from 29 countries in Africa (94.67%), 7 countries in Southeast Asia (5.10%), one country in South America (0.07%), 2 countries in South Asia and China (0.10%). In African countries, most malaria cases were from Ghana (1 947 cases, 66.13%), and in Southeast Asian countries, most cases were from Myanmar (75 cases, 2.55%). Most malaria cases were young men, and 2 899 cases (98.13%) were male, while 2 583 cases (87.74%) were at ages of 20 to 49 years. Gold washing and mining was the predominant occupation (2 561 cases, 86.99%), and the malaria cases were reported in each month across the year, with the largest number of cases detected in June (665 cases, 22.59%), while no season-specific distribution was found. There were 1 431 cases (48.61%) reported by disease control and prevention institutions, 1 511 cases (51.30%) reported by medical institutions, and 2 cases (0.07%) reported by inspection and quarantine institutions. During the period from 2011 to 2018, there were 6 deaths of imported malaria cases in Guangxi, and no secondary cases were reported. Conclusions The epidemic situation of local malaria has been effectively controlled in Guangxi; however, there is a great challenge for the management of overseas imported malaria. Strengthening the monitoring and management of migrant labors is the key to consolidate the achievements of malaria elimination.

Clinical study of blocking screw combined with retrograde intramedullary nail internal fixation in the treatment of distal femoral fractures / 中国现代医生

Objective To investigate the effect of blocking screw technique combined with closed reduction retrograde intramedullary nail internal fixation in the treatment of distal femoral fractures. Methods A total of 42 patients with distal femoral fractures admitted to our hospital from March 2010 to December 2015 were enrolled in the study. They were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 21 cases in each group. The control group was treated with distal femoral locking plate internal fixation. The observation group was treated with the technique of blocking screw and closed reduction retrograde intramedullary nail internal fixation. The fracture healing time, the excellent rate of knee function recovery and the incidence of complications were compared. Results The excellent rate of knee function recovery in the observation group (95.24％) was higher than that in the control group (71.43％), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The fracture healing time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group, and the complication rate was 0 in the observation group, lower than the 19.05％ in the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The technique of blocking screw combined with closed reduction retrograde intramedullary nail internal fixation for the treatment of distal femoral fractures can result in good fracture healing and has high clinical value.

The creation of the reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract in rats / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective To investigate the feasibility of animal model of the reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract in rats. Methods A total of 15 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction surgery. Before the operation, the collagen scaffolds were treated with g 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride chemistry (EDC), and seeded with human bone marrow stem cells (h-MSCs). Three days after the surgery, 3 rats were randomly sacrificed to evaluate the transmural resection of right ventricular outflow tract. One or 3 months later, other 3 rats at each timepoint were sacrificed, stained with Masson’s Trichrome to observe the degradation of scaffold. Furthermore, 4 weeks after the surgery, 4 rats were sacrificed and the hearts were sliced. Anti-human mitochondria staining was used to identify the survival of seeding cells. Results The transmural resection of right ventricular outflow tract was feasible in rats at an acceptable mortality (13.3%). After EDC treatment, the degradation rate of collagen scaffold was extended greatly. The seeding cells were detected by anti-mitochandria immunofluorescent staining in all patches 4 weeks after the operation. Conclusion Rat model of right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction could be a stable, reliable and economical screening model for engineered heart tissue research.