A multi-center analysis of thyroid-stimulating hormone level in apparently healthy elderly population in China / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level and its changes with age in apparently healthy Chinese elderly population and analyze the differences between TSH levels detected using Roche and Snibe electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzers.@*METHODS@#General clinical data and frozen fasting serum samples were collected from 5451 apparently healthy Chinese elderly individuals (> 60 years) from 10 centers in different geographic regions in China. Thyroid function indexes including TSH level were detected using Roche and Snibe electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer, and the median (2.5% and 97.5% quantiles) TSH level was calculated. The variations of TSH level among the participants with geographic regions, gender, and age (with an interval of 5 years) were analyzed to determine the influence of these factors on TSH level.@*RESULTS@#The reference ranges of serum TSH level established using Roche and Snibe electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzers were 0.42-9.47 mU/L and 0.36-7.98 mU/L, respectively, showing significant differences between the two methods (P < 0.001). The TSH levels measured at two centers in Western China were significantly higher than those at the other centers (P < 0.05). In elderly male population, serum TSH level tended to increase with age, which was not observed in elderly female population. At the age of 60-75 years, women generally had higher serum TSH level than men, but this difference was not observed in the population beyond 75 years.@*CONCLUSION@#In elderly population, serum TSH level can vary with geographic region, gender, and age, but there was no need for establishing specific reference ranges for these factors. The differences between different detection methods should be evaluated when interpreting the detection results of TSH level.

Evaluation of PFA P2Y assay in monitoring platelet function in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease receiving clopidogrel treatment / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the value of a new platelet function test PFA P2Y (PFA-200) in monitoring clopidogrel treatment for cardiovascular disease in elderly patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-six elderly patients receiving clopidogrel therapy in the Department of Cardiology of General Hospital of PLA from March to August in 2016 and 85 healthy volunteers were recruited for analysis. All the subjects underwent PFA P2Y, LTA (light transmittance aggregometry) and TEG (Thromboelastograph) tests, and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to test the associations between test results. The agreement among the 3 platelet function test methods was assessed using Cohen's kappa coefficient.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Correlation coefficient (r) was -0.701 (P<0.001) between PFA P2Y and LTA, and 0.475 (P<0.001) between PFA P2Y and TEG. The agreement was 75% between PFA P2Y and LTA and 67.9% between PFA P2Y and TEG. The κ value was 0.434 (P=0.001) between PFA P2Y and LTA and 0.242 (P=0.046) between PFA P2Y and TEG. With ADP-induced maximum platelet aggregation rate of LTA >50% as the laboratory clopidogrel resistance, the cut-off value of PFA P2Y was 119 s (AUC=0.733) with a sensitivity of 75.6% and a specificity of 73.3%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PFA P2Y has a moderate correlation and agreement with LTA, but has a poor correlation and agreement with TEG. PFA P2Y can be useful for assessing the effects of clopidogrel therapy and the association of the cut-off value (119 s) with the long-term clinical ischemic events needs be confirmed in further study.</p>

Induction of adhesion molecule expression in co-culture of human bronchial epithelial cells and neutrophils suppressed by puerarin via down-regulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor κB pathways / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, we aimed to investigate the expressions of adhesion molecules on human bronchial epithelial cells and neutrophils in co-culture system, assess the effects of puerarin on suppressing these adhesion molecules expressions, and explore the roles of two crucial signal-transduction elements p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in modulating adhesion molecules expressions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Neutrophils and BEAS-2B cells (one human bronchial epithelial cell line) were co-cultured, and adhesion molecules expressions on cell surface were detected using flow cytometry. The mRNA levels of adhesion molecules were assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR). Phosphorylated p38 MAPK and inhibitor κB were analyzed by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In co-culture system, adhesion molecules expressions on BEAS-2B cells and neutrophils were enhanced significantly (P<0.05). Correspondingly, the mRNA levels of adhesion molecules were also increased greatly. Moreover, the pretreatment of peurarin obviously suppressed adhesion molecules expressions on cell surface. Furthermore, phosphorylated p38 MAPK and inhibitor κB in BEAS-2B cells and neutrophils were elevated in co-culture system, but decreased significantly after upon the treatment of peurarin (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Coculture boosted the interactions between human bronchial epithelial cells and neutrophils mimicking airway inflflammation, whereas peurarin decreased the expression of adhesion molecules on cell surface by suppressing the activities of p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways, and exhibiting its anti-inflflammation activity.</p>

Distribution of genotypes in ESBLs producing E. coli strains isolated from posthepatitic cirrhosis' patients with bloodstream infection / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the genotype distribution of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from posthepatitic cirrhosis' patients with bloodstream infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>E. coli were isolated in bloodstream from patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis between January and December in 2011. The strains were identified by VITEK-II. The antibiol susceptibility tests were performed with K-B method. beta-lactamases genes were detected multi-PCR, PCR, sequence and blast.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 79 non-duplicate clinical isolates of E coli were consecutively collected from liver cirrhosis' patients with bloodstream infection. There were 20 isolates produced TEM-1 type beta-lactamases and 1 isolate produced SHV-1 typebeta-lactamases. 40 clinical isolates were detected to produce CTX-M type ESBLs, there were 20 CTX-M-1 group and 26 CTX-M-9 group, including 6 stains habouring both CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-9 group. Eight CTX-M genotypes were confirmed by sequencing of the PCR products, including CTX-M-3, CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-24, CTX-M-28, CTX-M-31, CTX-M-65 and CTX-M-79.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CTX-M genotype ESBLs was the most popular extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in E. coli isolated from liver cirrhosis' patients with bloodstream infection. The CTX-M-14 is the dominant epidemic type.</p>

Changing characteristic of blood coagulation factors and their correlation with blood coagulation status in different hepatic diseases / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation between pro coagulation factors and anti-coagulation factors synthesized by the liver, and the correlation between fibrin degradation products (FDP) and D-dimer (D-D) concentration and coagulation proteins synthesized by extra-hepatic tissues, in different liver diseases; to explore the relationship between coagulation and bleeding in hepatic diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, CHB-related liver cirrhosis patients, CHB-related liver failure patients and healthy (normal) controls were selected for study and provided blood samples for analysis. The activity of coagulation factors (F) II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII was detected using the one-stage clotting method. Coagulogram analysis, including activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), and prothrombin time (PT), was conducted by the solidification method. Antithrombin III (AT-III) and protein C (PC) activities were measured by chromogenic substrate assay. FDP concentration was detected using immunoturbidimetry. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), thrombomodulin (TM), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and tissue factor (TF) concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With the exception of FVIII, coagulation factors and anticoagulant proteins synthesized by the liver were decreased and the coagulogram was extended for all patients. Likewise, the FDP and D-D concentrations were increased in blood. CHB patients, however, presented with increased levels of FVIII, TFPI, TM, vWF, and TF. Pairwise comparison indicated statistical differences existed among CHB, CHB-related liver cirrhosis, and liver failure patients: TFPI: 239.3+/-206.4, 315.0+/-258.6, and 319.5+/-298.1 -- higher than normal control: 104.0+/-87.1, F = 5.453, P less than 0.05; vWF: 70.3+/-29.5, 105.5+/-58.0, and 179.3+/-61.7 -- higher than normal control: 21.9+/-7.2, F = 20.104, P less than 0.05; TF: 85.9+/-85.7, 234.2+/-202.9, and 344.7+/-214.6 -- higher than normal control: 12.8+/-8.1, F = 8.619, P less than 0.05; FVIII: 157.2+/-53.4, 206.9+/-86.9, and 335.7+/-117.7 -- higher than normal control: 105.5+/-46.2, F = 13.418, P less than 0.05.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In parallel to the progression of liver diseases, pro coagulation and anti-coagulation elements synthesized by the liver were reduced. In contrast, fibrinolysis activity was enhanced, which is expected to lead to an imbalance between blood clotting and anti-clotting factors. This may be an important cause for the bleeding that occurs in end-stage liver disease. Expressions of TFPI, TM, vWF, and TF significantly change in the early stage of liver diseases, as compared to normal (healthy) levels, and may represent a sensitive indicator of vascular injury.</p>

Identification of differential proteins in the seminal plasma of healthy fertile and non-obstructive azoospermia men by shotgun proteomic strategy / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify differential proteins in the seminal plasma of healthy fertile men and non-obstructive azoospermia patients by the shotgun proteomic strategy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six seminal plasma samples from 3 healthy fertile and 3 non-obstructive azoospermia volunteers were collected by Percoll isolation, balanced-mixed, and followed by separation of the mixture by SDS-PAGE. The proteins were subjected to in-gel enzymolysis and isolation of peptide fragments, and then identified by the shotgun proteomic strategy. Then comparative analyses were made between the two groups on the identified proteins with the unique peptide count > or = 2 and = 1 but with the peptide count > or = 4.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 213 differential proteins were identified, 133 in the non-obstructive azoospermia patients and 80 in the healthy fertile men. According to the molecular function, these differential proteins mainly fell into the types of signal transduction, cytoskeleton and catalytic activity, especially oxidoreductase activity in the latter type. Eighteen of the differential proteins were found to be of particular significance, including dynein heavy chain, fatty acid synthase, and tubulin alpha-6 chain.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The differential proteins identified in this study were many in number and various in function, which not only demonstrated the value of the shotgun proteomic strategy in protein identification, but also suggested the complicated pathogenesis and varied types of non-obstructive azoospermia. The samples must be selected strictly based on their gene and histological types. Non-obstructive azoospermia was shown to be related with the M phase of the mitotic cell cycle at the protein level, but its specific mechanism remains unknown.</p>

Identification of asthenozoospermia-associated proteins in human seminal plasma by shotgun proteomic strategy / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify asthenozoospermia-associated proteins in seminal plasma by the shotgun proteomic strategy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six seminal plasma samples were collected by Percoll respectively from healthy fertile and asthenozoospermia volunteers, balanced, mixed, and then the mixture was separated by SDS-PAGE. The proteins in the gel were enzymolyzed, extracted and identified by the shotgun proteomic strategy. The identified proteins with the unique peptide count > or =2 or the unique peptide count=1 but the total count > or =4 were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 172 differential proteins were identified, of which, 89 were exclusively from the asthenozoospermia and 83 exclusively from the healthy fertile men. According to the molecular function, these differential proteins were mainly the types of signal transduction and catalytic activity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Functionally, 10 of the proteins are particularly important, which include annexin VI isoform 2, isoform 1 of interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta precursor, Mr 400,000 protein, cytosolic dynein heavy chain, alpha-actinin-4, receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase eta precursor, vitamin D-binding protein precursor, protein S100-A11, protein S100-A9 and ANXA4.</p>

Identification of proteins in the seminal plasma of healthy fertile men by shotgun proteomic strategy / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify proteins in the seminal plasma of healthy fertile men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three seminal plasma samples were collected from healthy fertile volunteers by Percoll isolation, and then the balanced mixture of the seminal plasma was separated by SDS-PAGE. The proteins in the gel band underwent enzymoloysis, and was extracted and identified by shotgun proteomic strategy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 331 proteins were identified, with the molecular weight (MW) ranging from 8 000 to 572 068 and the isoelectric point (pI) from 4.36 to 11.05. Based on the molecular function and biological process of the proteins, 51 (15.4%) were classified as transport proteins, 11 (3.32%) as cell movement proteins, 63 (19.03%) as signal transduction proteins, 147 (44.4%) as proteases, 38 (11.5%) as enzyme regulator proteins, 21 (6.3%) as programmed cell death proteins, 12 (3.62%) as structural proteins and 59 (17.8%) as proteins with unknown molecular function.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Shotgun proteomic strategy is a good method for protein identification. Annexin A, Annexin-associated proteins and the Ras-related protein Rab were the major members of the signal transducer proteins identified. Ca2+ and G protein signal pathways may play a most important role in the extracellular signal transduction into cells, but the interactions between these proteins remain unknown. The great quantity of enzymes and enzyme regulator proteins identified in the seminal plasma may be closely related with the maintenance of sperm motility and metabolism.</p>

Protein compositions in the seminal plasma are similar between severe oligospermic and healthy fertile men / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse the variability of proteins in the seminal plasma of severe oligospermic and healthy fertile men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Spermatic fluid samples were collected from 11 healthy fertile men and 6 severe oligospermic male volunteers and tested by SELDI-TOF-MS with the CM10 protein chip to get the protein spectra maps, which were automatically treated with the special softwares of Ciphergen Inc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean peak heights of 2 lower-abundance proteins expressed in the seminal plasma of the severe oligospermic men were statistically different from the healthy fertile males (P<0.05). Fifteen different proteins existed between the nonobstructive azoospermic and the severe oligospermic group, 7 of which, with m/z of 7,196.058, 7,547.610, 5,780.493, 7,059.844, 7,409.589, 5,379.173 and 10,778.810, also between the non-obstructive azoospermic and the healthy fertile males (P<0.05). Except the latter two, the contents of the other 5 proteins were decreased in the non-obstructive azoospermic men (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The finger prints of the seminal plasma proteins of the severe oligospermic group were similar to those of the healthy fertile males, both significantly different from the non-obstructive azoospermic men. It is suggested that pathogenesis mechanisms differ exist between non-obstructive azoospermia and severe oligospermia but are not the simple accumulation of genetic factors.</p>

Formulation and application of diagnostic models based on clinical biochemical assays in diagnosis of chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis associated with viral hepatitis / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To improve the diagnostic ability of routine laboratory items in liver diseases associated with viral hepatitis through constructing assessment models consisting of these items.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) Assessment of routine items and formulation of models. Data of 447 patients seen between May 1997 and August 2003 were collected as the training set and serum specimens of 213 patients taken between June 2004 and March 2005 were examined and used as the validation set. Eleven items (TP, ALB, TBIL, DBIL, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, TBA, LDH, CHE) were examined with an automated biochemical analyzer. Logistic regression was applied to construct the model for discriminating between chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. The diagnostic value of items and models was assessed by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The model to discrimination between chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis consists of five items (CHE, DBIL, ALB, ALT, GLO). The AUCs of model were 0.87 in the training set and 0.83 in validation set, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) The model consisting of CHE, DBIL, ALB, ALT, GLO improves the diagnostic value of routine laboratory items in discriminating chronic hepatitis from liver cirrhosis.</p>

Comparative analysis of proteins in seminal plasma of non-obstructive azoospermia patients and healthy fertile males / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse protein alterations in the seminal plasma of non-obstructive azoospermia patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Semen samples were collected from 11 healthy fertile and 6 azoospermia male volunteers respectively and tested by SELDI-TOF-MS with CM10 protein chip to get protein spectra maps, which were automatically treated with the special softwares of Ciphergen Inc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean peak heights of 28 proteins expressed in the seminal plasma of the azoospermia patients were statistically different from those of the healthy fertile males (P < 0.05 ), of which 24 were of lower contents than in the normal controls, 4 with remarkably significant difference, M/Z 7 196.058, 7 630.573, 7 547.610 and 7 709.833 (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The seminal plasma proteins of the azoospermia patients were significantly different from those of the healthy fertile males, with decreased contents of most of the different proteins, which might be significantly correlated with the development of azoospermia.</p>

Study of two electrophoresis procedures of seminal plasma proteins / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse clinical feasibility of two electrophoresis procedures of seminal plasma proteins, agarose gel electrophoresis and SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-nine semen samples were examined and classified into three groups: the asthenozoospermia (n = 22), the asthenoteratozoospermia (n = 19), and the relative normal group (n = 28) with normal routine and special test results, according to WHO routine and special test criterion. Then, the seminal plasma protenis were separated by two different electrophoresis, with SDS-agarose and agarose support medium, the buffer pH 7.0 and 9.2 respectively. The agarose gel electrophoresis was done under various sample loading time, motion power and staining modules. The completed gels were scanned and compared the each other statistically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seminal plasma proteins can be separated into 4 strips by SDS-agarose gel electrophoresis with acid crystal violet, and the strips were diffusion and with dark background. However, 6 clear strips named A, B, C, D, E, and F can be obtained by agarose gel electrophoresis with 6 min. After samples were loaded and stained by amidoblack, there showed appropriate spaces among strips, and it was very easy to scan the drying gel by a densitometer. Using agarose gel electrophoresis, the statistical difference in strip C and E was shown between the asthenozoospermia and the relative normal group, and between the asthenozoospermia and the asthenoteratozoospermia, however, not between the relative normal and the asthenoteratozoospermia group. Moreover, the samples in the relative normal group with normal routine and special test results were in different electrophoresis maps.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Agarose gel electrophoresis of seminal plasma proteins with buffer pH 9.2, 6 min. sample loading and amidoblack stain was a simple, fast and fit technique for clinic.</p>

A discussion of standardization for prothrombin time in patients with advanced liver diseases / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine which expression mode of prothrombin time (PT) might achieve PT standardization in patients with advanced liver diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PT was measured with six thromboplastins with different ISI values in 16 severe chronic hepatitis patients, 50 decompensated liver cirrhosis patients and 30 patients on oral anticoagulation therapy. The results were expressed in PT (second), PTA (%), PTR and INR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In chronic hepatitis patients, the means of the six group's PTAs ranged from 24% to 34%, while their upper limits ranged from 47% to 61%. The means of the INRs ranged from 2.55 to 5.13, while their upper limits ranged from 4.65 to 12.77. Through one-way ANOVA of repeated measures, PPTA (0.489) was > PINR (0.120). In patients with liver cirrhosis, the means of the PTA in six groups ranged from 50% to 59%, while their upper limits ranged from 82% to 90%. The means of the INR ranged from 1.40 to 1.80, while their upper limits ranged from 1.97 to 3.69. Through one-way ANOVA of repeated measures, PPTA (0.102) was > PINR (0.01). In patients on oral coagulation therapy, the means of PTA ranged from 26% to 37%, while their upper limits ranged from 39% to 49%. The means of INR ranged from 2.35 to 2.66, while their upper limits ranged from 3.16 to 4.26. Through one-way ANOVA of repeated measures, PPTA (0.01) was less than PINR (0.102). The correlation between the results detected by Neoplastine and by other reagents were analyzed. They correlated well with each other when PTA was used as the expression mode of PT in patients with advanced liver disease. But in patients on oral anticoagulation therapy, when only the INR was used as the expression mode of PT, the correlation was well with each other.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The use of INR provides inadequate standardization. Only when the PT is expressed in PTA, then it may provide a standardization mode in patients with advanced liver diseases.</p>

The relationship between hemostatic changes in liver cirrhosis patients with different degrees of liver lesions in reference to Child-Pugh scores / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between hemostatic changes in liver cirrhosis patients with different degrees of their liver lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-three patients (35 men, 8 women; age: 25 to 71 yr) with liver cirrhosis were divided into three subgroups (A, B, and C) on the basis of Child-Pugh classification. Among the patients, 13 were classified as Child-Pugh class A, 15 were class B, 15 were class C. 16 healthy individuals served as controls. A series of hemostatic tests and parameters including prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (Fib), factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, vWF assay, antithrombin-III (AT-III), protein C (PC), D-dimer, tissue plasminogen activator antigen (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor activity (PAI) were performed on 43 patients and the 16 healthy controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PT and APTT were progressively prolonged from A to B and then to C. In comparison to the controls there was a significant difference. Fibrinolytic activity and the activities of factors II, V, VII, IX, X were progressively decreased from A to B and then to C. In comparison to the controls there was a significant difference . AT-III and PC activity were progressively decreased from A to B and then to C. In comparison to the controls there was a significant difference. D-dimer and t-PA-antigen were progressively increased from A to B and then to C. In comparison to the controls there was significant difference. PAI activity did not display significant changes in the four groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We found that there is a close relationship between the severity of cirrhosis and the hemostatic changes. Because the deterioration of the coagulation function and increasing fibrinolytic activity parallel the severity of liver cirrhosis, adequate treatment for cirrhotic bleeding should not only correct the coagulation defects, but also lower the increased fibrinolytic activity.</p>

The relationship among the counts of platelet, thrombopoietin and spleen index in patients with liver cirrhosis / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the reason of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis, we studied the relationship among platelet counts, serum thrombopoietin (TPO) level and spleen index.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serum TPO, platelet counts and spleen index were measured in 71 cirrhotic patients. TPO was measured with ELISA method, spleen index were measured on ultrasonography by the same doctor.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Platelet counts in patients with cirrhosis were lower than that of healthy group [(109.20+/-53.39) vs (169.63+/-26.60) x 10(12)/L, P<0.05]. Serum thrombopoietin level in patients with cirrhosis was similar to that of healthy group [(436.42+/-258.97) vs (412.63+/-132.80) pg/ml, P>0.05]. However, serum thrombopoietin level decreased as liver disease aggravated, [(526.13+/-317.44) pg/ml in Child-Pugh grade A, (445.22+/-214.90) pg/ml in grade B and (311.45+/-182.66) pg/ml in grade C, grade A vs. Grade C, P<0.05]. However, decline in platelet counts was accompanied with incline in spleen index coordinately. 35 of 71 cirrhotic patients had normal platelet counts whereas 36 of them had thrombocytopenia. Thrombopoietin levels were higher in non-thrombocytopenia group than in thrombocytopenia group [(529.43+/-282.64) vs. (351.27+/-228.25)pg/ml, P<0.01]; but spleen index of two groups showed no difference [(29.65+/-12.00) vs. (36.35+/-12.68) cm2, P>0.05]. Correlation was found between thrombopoietin level and platelet counts (r=0.252, P=0.025); no correlation was found between spleen index and platelet counts (r=-0.238, P=0.062).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The decline serum TPO levels might play an important role for thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis.</p>

The contrast study of Pre-S1 protein, HBV-DNA and HBeAg in diagnosing viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the role of Pre-S1 protein in diagnosing viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>104 consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in the study, liver biopsy were performed in all patients. Serial serum samples were studied with the quantitative determination of HBV-DNA by a quantitative PCR assay, determination of Pre-S1 protein by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rates of HBV-DNA and Pre-S1 protein in patients with HBsAg HBeAg anti-HBc (+) both were 96.5%. The positive rates of HBV-DNA and Pre-S1 protein in patients with HBsAg anti-HBe anti-HBc (+) were 81.5%, 72.3%, respectively. The positive rates of HBV-DNA and Pre-S1 protein in patients with HBsAg anti-HBc (+) were 87.5%, 75.0%, respectively. It represented some patients with HBeAg (-) anti-HBe (+/-) still had viral replication. HBV-DNA>10(3) copy/ml as positive criteria for diagnosing viral replication, the positive rate of HBeAg, Pre-S1 were 31.5% (28/89), 80.9% (72/89) in patients with HBV-DNA>10(3) copy/ml, respectively. The concordance rates of HBeAg, Pre-S1 with HBV-DNA were 40.0% (42/104), 82.0% (85/104), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It showed that Pre-S1 was more sensitive than HBeAg in diagnosing viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B.</p>

Change of T lymphocyte and its activated subsets in SARS patients / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study abnormal changes of T lymphocyte and its activated subsets in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Flow cytometer with multi-color flouroscence and hematology analyzer were used to detect the expression of T lymphocyte and its activated a subsets in 240 SARS patients including 50 cases of critical type and 190 cases of common type.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Statistical analysis by means of SAS software showed that there was significant decrease in absolute counts (AC) of T lymphocyte and its subsets in SARS patients when compared with normal people, while percentages (PC) of CD3+CD25+ and CD3+ HLA-DR+ subsets were increased markedly. Compared with common type, there was significant decrease in absolute counts of critical type of T lymphocyte, CD4+, CD25+CD3+, CD28+CD4+, and CD95+CD4+subsets. The ACs of T lymphocytes including CD4 and CD8 subsets in different phases were as below: III > II > I. The ACs of subsets involved in activation such as CD3+ HLA-DR+/lym, CD3+CD25+/lym, CD28+CD4+/CD4, CD28+CD8+/CD8, and CD38+CD4+/CD4 all were highest in group III. In addition, the AC and PC of CD95+CD4+/CD4 and CD95+CD8/CD8 subset in group III were highest while group I was lowest.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>With depressing cellular immunity, the activation of T lymphocytes were suppressed obviously in SARS patients, especially for critical patients.</p>

Evaluation of hematology analyzer in determination of CRP / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the performance of the ABX Micro C-reactive protein(CRP)in determination of CRP.Methods The analytic characteristics including precision,carry-over,linearity, stability,interference and comparability were examined.Results The coefficient of variation(CV)was less than 5.1%,10% and d.3% for within-run,between-run and between-day,respectively.Carryover was less than 1.2%.Whole blood samples held at either room temperature or 4℃ were stable for 48 hours with relative deviation less than 6.0% relatively.Linear range was 1.0-70.0 mg/L using undiluted samples.The comparison between the ABX Micro CRP and Behring Nephelometer Ⅱ was well correlated Both serum:Y=0.996 7X-0.398 5,r~2=0.965 9;serum for BN Ⅱ,whole-blood samples for the ABX Micro CRP:Y=0.908 8X-0.138 2,r~2=0.959 4;both serum and whole-blood samples for the ABX Micro CRP: Y=1.001 7X-0.898 2,r~2=0.952 7.No obvious interference was observed by hyperhemoglobinemia and hyperlipidemia.Conclusion The determination of CRP test with ABX Micro is accurate and reliable.

Recent development of hematology analysis technique and its clinical application / 中华检验医学杂志

The paper introduces the development of hematology analysis technique in recent 10 years,and mainly concentrates in WBC differential technique,the extended functions and automation.The clinical application of red cell volume distribution width,reticulated platelets and reticulocyte subpopulation are also described in the paper.The common problems in the usage of hematology analyzer and correction methods are pointed out.