Advances on KPNA2 in liver cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) , a key protein molecule that regulates the exchange of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, plays an important role in the nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that KPNA2 is involved in a variety of cellular life activities and plays a significant part in viral infection, cell proliferation, immune response and tumor metastasis. Further study of the mechanism of KPNA2 in promoting the hepatocarcinogenesis and exploring its role in the development of liver cancer may provide new ideas for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of liver cancer.

Investigation and analysis of the training needs of scientific research ethics among medical graduate students in the context of science and technology ethics governance / 中国医学伦理学

ObjectiveTo investigate the training needs of knowledge of scientific research ethics and ethical review among medical graduate students in Shandong Province， and provide targeted suggestions for carrying out education and training on scientific research ethics for medical graduate students. MethodsA random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 807 medical graduate students from 7 medical colleges and universities in Shandong Province. The data were statistically described and analyzed， and Pearson’s chi-squared test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors. ResultsThere were 94.1% of medical graduate students believed that they “need” to receive training on knowledge of scientific research ethics. Their training needs were ranked as ethical principles of science and technology （75.5%）， the content of ethical review （68.5%）， ethical review process （68.3%）， ethical issues that may be involved in frontier fields （63.6%）， ethics committee system （58.1%）， applied ethical regulation for medical scientific research （55.8%）， and interpretation of relevant ethical documents （42.4%）. The training forms and methods were， in order， online knowledge lectures （67.4%）， academic conferences organized by relevant ethical review organizations （60.3%）， the teaching methods in traditional classrooms （48.8%）， learning by tutors or research groups （48.5%）， conducted by the unit during the internship and work period （26.4%）， and other forms （2.6%）. The results of the regression analysis showed that medical graduate students with experience in project application and ethics course learning have a higher willingness for training needs in scientific research ethics （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe education and training on scientific research ethics among medical graduate students still need improvement， and graduate students have an urgent need for training on scientific research ethics. Schools and hospitals should overall plan and set up a perfect science and technology ethics curriculum system， strengthen the practical training of medical research ethical review， and diversify the ways of scientific research ethics training for medical graduate students， to accelerate the improvement of research ethics literacy of them.

Effect of botulinum toxin A exposure during pregnancy on pregnancy outcome / 中国现代医生

@#Objective To retrospectively analyze the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women exposed to botulinum toxin A(BTX-A)during pregnancy,so as to provide experience for clinicians to guide safe drug use in pregnant women.Methods To investigate the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women exposed to BTX-A during pregnancy or the last three months before pregnancy who visited the medication consultation clinic of Hangzhou Women's Hospital from January 2017 to March 2023.Results A total of 17 pregnant women exposed to BTX-A during pregnancy or the last three months before pregnancy were included in this study.Specifically,8 cases had known pregnancy outcomes,among which 1 case had birth defect with the ratio accounting for 12.5%,while the remaining 9 cases required early induced abortion.Conclusion Exposure to BTX-A during pregnancy is probably safe,but further studies are needed.

Expression of antigens of foot-and-mouth disease virus in plants: a review / 生物工程学报

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an acute, severe, and highly contagious infectious disease caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), which seriously endangers the development of animal husbandry. The inactivated FMD vaccine is the main product for the prevention and control of FMD, which has been successfully applied to control the pandemic and outbreak of FMD. However, the inactivated FMD vaccine also has problems, such as the instability of antigen, the risk of spread of the virus due to incomplete inactivation during vaccine production, and the high cost of production. Compared with traditional microbial and animal bioreactors, production of antigens in plants through transgenic technology has some advantages including low cost, safety, convenience, and easy storage and transportation. Moreover, since antigens produced from plants can be directly used as edible vaccines, no complex processes of protein extraction and purification are required. But, there are some problems for the production of antigens in plants, which include low expression level and poor controllability. Thus, expressing the antigens of FMDV in plants may be an alternative mean for production of FMD vaccine, which has certain advantages but still need to be continuously optimized. Here we review the main strategies for expressing active proteins in plants, as well as the research progress on the expression of FMDV antigens in plants. We also discuss the current problems and challenges encountered, with the aim to facilitate related research.

Research on the Role of Ethical Governance of Science and Technology in Constructing a Harmonious Doctor-patient Relationship / 中国医学伦理学

The ethical governance of science and technology has put forward higher ethical requirements for researchers. As important personnel in medical research and front-line workers in contact with patients, clinical health workers should regulate their ethical behavior during the research process and provide informed consent to patients participating in study to protect their rights and interests. At present, patients’ rights and interests are still violated due to insufficient ethical awareness of researchers in the process of clinical research. Ethical governance of science and technology is not only a standard for researchers’ behavior and protection of patients’ rights and interests, but also a new test for scientific research management and ethical review departments, as well as an important measure to enhance the trust between doctors and patients and build harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

Interpretation of Clinical Guideline for Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy of Retinopathy of Prematurity by Japanese Ophthalmological Society / 中华实验眼科杂志

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of blindness in children worldwide.Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has become a widely used first-line treatment for ROP in recent decade, but the anti-VEGF treatment of ROP is off-label in China, and the injection method and dosage are different from adults.In December 2020, the Clinical Guideline for Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy of Retinopathy of Prematurity was released by the Japanese Ophthalmological Society, which is by far the only guideline for anti-VEGF treatment of ROP.Due to the ethnic similarity between Japanese and Chinese, this guideline is of high reference value to Chinese ROP clinical practice.This article introduced and interpreted the main information in the guideline to provide Chinese ophthalmologists references for the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of ROP.

Antiendotoxin effect of Jinhuaqingre capsules / 浙江大学学报·医学版

To investigate the anti-pyretic and anti-endotoxin effect of Chinese herb medicine Jinhuaqingre capsules.Thirty healthy male New Zealand rabbits with lipopolysaccharide-induced fever were divided into 5 groups (6 rabbits in each): animals in model group were given normal saline by gavage, animals in positive control group were given aspirin (0.2 g/kg), and animals in Jinhuaqingre groups were given Jinhuaqingre capsules 6.0, 3.0 or 1.5 g/kg, respectively. The changes in body temperature of rabbits were observed. Fifty healthy Kunming mice were divided into 5 groups (10 mice in each): mice in model group were given normal saline by gavage, mice in positive control group were given aspirin (0.2 g/kg), and those in Jinhuaqingre groups were given Jinhuaqingre capsules 6.0, 3.0, 1.5 g/kg, respectively. Matrix coloration method was used to detect the degradation rate of endotoxin in mice.The body temperature in rabbits of high and medium dose Jinhuaqingre capsule groups declined significantly 60 min after drug administration, and the temperature of high-dose group returned to the baseline after 300 min; while the body temperature of low-dose group started to decline at 180 min after drug administration. The endotoxin degradation rates in mice of high, medium and low dose groups was (56.73±3.12)%, (47.23±1.77)% and (21.08±2.30)% at 30 min after drug administration; those were (82.76±1.00)%, (64.75±1.77)% and (38.21±1.57)% at 60 min after drug administration, respectively.Chinese herb medicine Jinhuanigre capsules have anti-pyretic and anti-endotoxin effects, which may provide a new option for the treatment of heat-toxin syndrome.