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Objective@#To explore the prevalence of elevated blood pressure and overweight/obesity and their comorbidities among Tibetan middle school students in Lhasa, and to analyze their association with lifestyle and other factors, so as to provide a basis for the intervention measures targeting elevated blood pressure, overweight and obesity among middle school students in high altitude area.@*Methods@#Using a stratified cluster random sampling method in September 2021, a total of 1 488 Tibetan junior and high students from Lhasa City were investigated with blood pressure measurement, physical examination and questionnaire survey. The influencing factors of elevated blood pressure, overweight and obesity and their comorbidities association were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.@*Results@#The prevalence of elevated blood pressure, overweight/obesity and their comorbidities were 17.8%, 17.4% , 5.0% respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age( OR =0.81), residence, body mass inex(BMI) and gender were the influencing factors of elevated blood pressure; and the risks of elevated blood pressure in female students were higher than male students ( OR =1.89), suburban students were higher than urban students ( OR =8.06), overweight and obesity groups were higher than normal groups ( OR =2.55, 2.87) ( P <0.05). Adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, residence and school, and BMI (only for elevated blood pressure), daily screen time ≥2 h was positively correlated with elevated blood pressure, overweight/obesity and its comorbidities ( OR =1.56, 1.59 , 2.51) ( P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of elevated blood pressure, overweight/obesity are relatively high in Lhasa. Longer screen time is a common factor affecting with elevated blood pressure, overweight/obesity and comorbidities among Tibetan students. Measures should be taken intervene in the lifestyle of Tibetan students, in order to reduce elevated blood pressure and overweight/obesity.
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BACKGROUND:As the incidence of spinal cord injury increases with the years and axon regeneration after spinal cord injury was very difficult.How to promote the recovery from spinal cord injury and improve the transplantation efficiency of stem cells and other therapeutic cells after spinal cord injury has been the focus of clinical and scientific research. OBJECTIVE:To establish the efficient transplantation and replacement of mouse spinal cord microglia in the spinal cord injury model. METHODS:CX3CR1 creER-/+::LSL-BDNF-/+-tdTomato mice,CX3CR1+/GFP mice,β-actin GFP mice and C57 BL/6J wild-type mice at 8-10 weeks of age were selected.According to the requirements of the experiment,they were randomly divided into six groups.(1)Sham operation group:eight C57 BL/6J wild-type mice were used when only the lamina was removed without injury.(2)Spinal cord contusion injury group:eight C57 BL/6J wild-type mice were used.(3)Spinal cord crush injury group:eight C57 BL/6J wild-type mice were used.(4)Conjoined symbiotic spinal cord strike injury group:β-actin GFP mice with green fluorescent blood were surgically stitched together with C57 BL/6J wild-type mice,using eight β-actin GFP mice and eight C57 BL/6J wild-type mice.(5)Mr BMT-X Ray group(using PLX5622 to eliminate the spinal microglia and bone marrow transplantation with X-ray radiation):Bone marrow cells from four CX3CR1 creER-/+::LSL-BDNF-/+-tdTomato mice were extracted and transplanted into eight C57 BL/6J wild-type mice for spinal cord injury modeling.(6)Mr BMT-Busulfan group(using PLX5622 to eliminate the spinal microglia and bone marrow transplantation with Busulfan):Bone marrow cells from four CX3CR1+/GFP mice were transplanted into eight C57 BL/6J wild-type mice.The percentage of cell transplantation replacement in this group was observed,and the spinal cord injury model was not established in this group.The sham operation group,spinal cord contusion injury group and spinal cord crush injury group were sampled by perfusion on day 14 after spinal cord injury.The conjoined symbiotic spinal cord strike injury group was sampled by perfusion on day 7 after spinal cord injury.Mr BMT-X Ray group was sampled by perfusion on day 28 after spinal cord injury.Mr BMT-Busulfan group was sampled by perfusion on day 28 after transplantation.The sampling site was a 1.2 cm long spinal cord with the T10 segment as the center.In the Mr BMT-X Ray group and Mr BMT-Busulfan group,additional mouse brain tissue was retained to see if it would lead to brain transplantation and replacement.The number and proportion of transplanted and replaced cells in the damaged area were measured using transgenic mice,symbiosis and immunofluorescence. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the traditional peripheral blood transplantation(9.8%)of mice in the conjoined symbiotic spinal cord strike injury group,the new transplantation methods,Mr BMT-X Ray and Mr BMT-Busulfan,could greatly improve the proportion of spinal microglia transplantation and replacement,which could reach 84.8%and 95.6%,respectively.The difference was significant(P<0.05).The results showed that Mr BMT-X Ray and Mr BMT-Busulfan could achieve efficient replacement of spinal microglia cells,and could improve the problems of low cell transplantation efficiency,few survival numbers and unclear differentiation of the traditional cell transplantation methods.In addition,Mr BMT-X Ray can only replace the microglia in the spinal cord,while Mr BMT-Busulfan could avoid brain inflammation and injury caused by X-ray radiation transplantation.
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ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of avian influenza viruses in the external environment of poultry in Anqing City, Anhui Province, and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of animal-derived influenza in humans. MethodsA total of 28 farmers’ markets/farms in 10 counties (cities, districts) of Anqing City, Anhui Province, were selected as surveillance sites by simple random sampling strategy. Poultry faeces and other related samples were collected for 6 consecutive weeks. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to examine the nucleic acids of influenza A virus. Subtypes H5, H7, and H9 of avian influenza virus were further tested in the positive samples. ResultsA total of 426 specimens were collected, among which 113 tested positive with a positive rate of 26.53%. Among the positive specimens, 104 were determined to be subtype H9, accounting for 92.04%. It did not significantly differ in the positive rate between the main and non-main urban areas (χ2<0.01, P>0.05) or among the specimens collected in different weeks (χ2=7.57, P>0.05). However, it significantly differed in the positive rate among the specimens collected in the third week and other weeks (χ2=6.89, P<0.05). Furthermore, among the different sampling sites, farms had the highest positive rate of 46.67%. Among the specimens from different sources, the surface-coated specimens from poultry cages had the highest positive rate of 34.78%. ConclusionAvian influenza viruses are prevalent in the external environment of poultry in Anqing City. It warrants strengthening the surveillance and risk assessment to reduce the virus transmission in the external environment and risk of human infection with animal-derived influenza.
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OBJECTIVE@#To develop a noninvasive method for prediction of 1p/19q codeletion in diffuse lower-grade glioma (DLGG) based on multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics.@*METHODS@#We collected MRI data from 104 patients with pathologically confirmed DLGG between October, 2015 and September, 2022. A total of 535 radiomics features were extracted from T2WI, T1WI, FLAIR, CE-T1WI and DWI, including 70 morphological features, 90 first order features, and 375 texture features. We constructed logistic regression (LR), logistic regression least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LRlasso), support vector machine (SVM) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) radiomics models and compared their predictive performance after 10-fold cross validation. The MRI images were reviewed by two radiologists independently for predicting the 1p/19q status. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate classification performance of the radiomics models and the radiologists.@*RESULTS@#The 4 radiomics models (LR, LRlasso, SVM and LDA) achieved similar area under the curve (AUC) in the validation dataset (0.833, 0.819, 0.824 and 0.819, respectively; P>0.1), and their predictive performance was all superior to that of resident physicians of radiology (AUC=0.645, P=0.011, 0.022, 0.016, 0.030, respectively) and similar to that of attending physicians of radiology (AUC=0.838, P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Multiparametric MRI radiomics models show good performance for noninvasive prediction of 1p/19q codeletion status in patients with in diffuse lower-grade glioma.
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Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Área Sob a Curva , Glioma/genética , Curva ROCRESUMO
Objective:To understand the barriers and facilitators to parental involvement in emotionally disturbed adolescents′ emotion management and to provide a basis for healthcare professionals to develop interventions for parental involvement in emotionally disturbed adolescents′ emotion management.Methods:Use of purposive sampling method from July to December 2021, 16 face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with fathers or mothers of adolescents with affective disorders from the Third Hospital of Daqing City, and the data were analyzed using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results:Refining the theme from two aspects, one was the hindering factors: parents′ own factors including lack of knowledge about the disease, little time for companionship, poor emotional control, inappropriate communication style, and poor couple relationship; the child′s own factors including pathological factors, personality; environmental factors including academic stress, interpersonal relationships; economic factors including high cost of treatment, life stress. The other was the facilitating factors: support from others including family support, professional help; positive coping including finding coping strategies, change of mindset.Conclusions:Healthcare professionals should pay attention to these influencing factors and construct a program for parental involvement in emotionally disturbed adolescents′ emotion management from various aspects, so that parents can actively participate in their children′s emotion management and promote the rehabilitation of emotionally disturbed adolescents.
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Objective:To investigate the changes in gray matter volume of the subsystems as well as intra-subsystem and inter-subsystem functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients with preserved cognitive function.Methods:In this prospective study, thirty-seven RRMS patients with preserved cognitive function who were admitted to Huashan Hospital of Fudan University from April 2020 to January 2021 (RRMS group) and 43 healthy volunteers (HC group) were recruited. Patients in the RRMS group received the cognitive assessment using a clinical cognitive functioning scale. Three-dimensional T 1WI and resting-state functional MRI were performed to obtain the brain structural and functional data. The DMN was divided into three subsystems: CORE, dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC), and medial temporal lobe (MTL). The gray matter volume of the three subsystems were extracted from the gray matter volume map generated by spatial normalization; 24 regions of interest (ROIs) of the DMN were defined based on Yeo′s 17 networks, and their functional connectivity values were calculated to derive the mean intra-subsystem and inter-subsystem functional connectivity values. Differences in gray matter volume and functional connectivity between the RRMS and HC groups were compared using independent sample t-tests; Spearman′s partial correlation was used to analyze the correlation between subsystems′ gray matter volume and functional connectivity, as well as between subsystems′ functional connectivity and clinical scale scores. Results:Compared to the HC group, the gray matter volume of the three subsystems of the DMN were considerably reduced in the RRMS group ( P<0.05). The functional connectivity within and between the three subsystems were not statistically significantly different between the HC and RRMS groups ( P>0.05). Based on the ROI analysis, patients with RRMS the brain regions with significantly reduced DMN intra-subsystem functional connectivity values were mainly located in the left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex of the DMPFC, the right lateral temporal cortex of the DMPFC, and the left medial temporal cortex of the MTL, as compared with the HC group ( P<0.01). The gray matter volume of DMPFC was positively correlated with the functional connectivity within DMPFC in the control group ( r=0.326, P=0.040). In the RRMS group, the gray matter volume of CORE was positively correlated with the functional connectivity between CORE and DMPFC ( r=0.363, P=0.038), and the functional connectivity within CORE was positively correlated with scores on the memory and executive screening scale ( r=0.430, P=0.036). Conclusions:RRMS patients with preserved cognitive function exhibit gray matter atrophy in all three DMN subsystems. There is no correlation between the structure and function of the DMPFC subsystem. The functional connectivity within CORE subsystem may reflect memory and execution status; DMPFC and CORE may be critical encephalic regions for neurodegeneration and brain functional changes in RRMS patients with preserved cognitive function.
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Objective@#To explore the correlation between non suicidal self injury(NSSI) behaviors and depressive symptoms in adolescents and to provide a theoretical basis for improvement of adolescent physical and mental health.@*Methods@#A total of 8 102 adolescents aged 12-17 years were selected by random cluster sampling method in Shanghai, Urumqi, Changsha and Kunming, using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Adolescent Non Suicidal Self Injurious Behavior Assessment Questionnaire. Depressive symptoms and the occurrence of NSSI behaviors were assessed. The relationship between NSSI behaviors and depressive symptoms was analyzed using Chi square test, one way analysis and Logistic regression analysis.@*Results@#The overall detection rate of NSSI in adolescents, 24.6%, with a significantly lower detection rate in boys (23.1%) than in girls (26.2%) ( χ 2=10.97, P <0.05), and 24.7%, 24.6% in the middle school and high school segments, respectively, but the difference was not statistically significant ( χ 2=0.01, P >0.05). The overall detection rate of adolescent depressive symptoms was 49.7 % in the group with NSSI and 17.7% in the group without NSSI, with statistically significant differences ( χ 2=808.80, P < 0.01 ). The detection rates of adolescent depressive symptoms in the group with NSSI (male:44.0%, female:54.7%, middle school:49.6%, high school:49.8%) and the group without NSSI (male:14.2%, female:21.4%, middle school:14.3%, high school: 21.0 %) were statistically significant by sex and age groups ( χ 2=385.58, 412.44, 520.60, 313.78, P <0.01). Logistic regression models, after adjusting for gender and age, the risk for depressive symptoms was 2.65 times (95% CI =2.27-3.09) and 7.28 times (95% CI = 6.34- 8.37) more frequently in adolescents with episodic self injurious behavior and frequent self injurious behavior, respectively, compared to those without self injurious behavior. The association between NSSI status and depressive symptoms did not show sex differences ( P >0.05).@*Conclusion@#Adolescent NSSI behavior is positively associated with depressive symptoms, the attention should be paid to adolescent physical and mental health to reduce the occurrence of NSSI.
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Objective@#To understand the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms among adolescent, and to provide a reference for adolescent mental health promotion and intervention.@*Methods@#From September to December in 2021, a questionnaire survey on family environment and depressive symptoms was conducted among 8 102 middle school students by random cluster sampling method in Shanghai, Urumqi, Changsha and Kunming. The Chi square test was used to compare the depression status of students in different family environments. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms.@*Results@#The detection rates of possible depression, likely depression and severe depression in adolescents were 11.2%, 5.9% and 8.4%, respectively. There were significant differences in the detection rate of depression by gender, academic period, urban and rural areas, family forms and only child statu( χ 2=87.60, 27.19, 6.65, 45.59, 4.78, P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents in single parent families ( OR =1.45) and reorganized families( OR =1.69) were positively correlated with the occurrence of depressive symptoms compared with those in nuclear families( P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#Compared with nuclear families, the risks of adolescent depressive symptoms in single parent families and reorganized families are higher. Attention should be paid to the mental health education of teenagers from single parents and reorganized families to ensure the development of their physical and mental health.
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Backgroud Beta-cypermethrin and emamectin benzoate are widely used for the prevention and control of pests in the greenhouse planting industry, and their combined exposure may increase the accumulation of beta-cypermethrin and emamectin benzoate in organisms and affect human health. Objective Based on the changes in reproductive hormone levels in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis, to investigate the effect of combined exposure to beta-cypermethrin and emamectin benzoate on the estrous cycle of female mice. Methods Twenty-four healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a beta-cypermethrin group (Beta-CYP, 53 mg·m−3), an emamectin benzoate group (EMB, 8 mg·m−3), and a beta-cypermethrin and emamectin benzoate combined exposure group (Beta-CYP+EMB, Beta-CYP 53 mg·m−3 + EMB 8 mg·m−3). Six rats in each group were exposed to the designed treatment protocol by aerosol inhalation 6 d a week for 13 weeks. The general condition of the rats was observed in real time during the treatment. From the 12th week of exposure, a 10-day reproductive tract smear was performed on the rats to observe the estrous cycle. The rats were neutralized on the second day after the end of the treatment protocol, and the ovarian tissues were stained with HE to observe histopathological changes. Serum levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2) were measured by ELISA. Experimental results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (\begin{document}$ \overline{x}\pm s $\end{document}). One-way ANOVA was used for comparison among groups, and LSD test for pairwise comparison between groups. The significance level was α=0.05. Results After four weeks of the treatment protocol, the rats in the Beta-CYP group and the Beta-CYP+EMB group continued to be hyperactive and irritable, while the EMB group showed symptoms of mental disorder, decreased activity, and slow response. On the 90th day of the treatment protocol, the body weight of rats in the control group increased to (314.51±2.44) g, and that in the Beta-CYP+EMB group only increased to (253.47±1.50) g. There was no abnormal cellular morphology in the control group; however, small deeply stained nuclei appeared in the Beta-CYP group, the EMB group, and the Beta-CYP+EMB group, and abnormal morphological development of keratinized epithelial cells in the Beta-CYP+EMB group was found. The estrous cycle of rats in the control group was (97.83±4.17) h, and compared with the control group, the estrous cycles of rats in the Beta-CYP group, the EMB group, and the Beta-CYP+EMB group were prolonged to (134.33±7.53) h, (126.50±5.28) h, and (156.00±6.66) h, respectively. The results of ANOVA showed that the numbers of leukocytes (527.17±15.83), keratinized epithelial cells (35.67±4.32), and non-keratinized epithelial cells (70.50±4.51) in the vaginal smears during diestrus in the Beta-CYP+EMB group were significantly lower than those in the control group (752.50±28.89, 50.50±2.74, 101.33±7.92) (P<0.001). The hormone levels of GnRH and FSH in the control group were (5.13±0.59) and (0.76±0.09) IU·L−1 respectively, while the levels in the Beta-CYP+EMB group were increased to (16.86±0.59) and (3.80±0.19) IU·L−1 respectively (P<0.05). The levels of LH and E2 in the control group were (12.93±0.81) IU·L−1 and (22.23±1.44) pmol·L−1 respectively, and the levels in the Beta-CYP+EMB group were decreased to (5.63±0.41) IU·L−1 and (10.45±0.78) pmol·L−1 respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion The combined exposure to beta-cypermethrin and emamectin benzoate may ultimately affect the estrous cycle of female rats by interfering with the secretion of reproductive hormones involved in the HPO axis.
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OBJECTIV E To establish the method for evaluating the quality o f Plantago asi atica and fried P. asiatica . METHODS The fingerprints of 15 batches of P. asiatica and 15 batches of fried P. asiatica were established by HPLC. The common peaks were identified with the Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprinting of TCM (2012 edition), and similarity evaluation was performed. Analysis of chemical pattern recognition was performed by using SPSS 25.0 and SIMCA-P 14.1 software(cluster analysis ,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares regression analysis ). The markers which affected the difference in the quality between P. asiatica and fried P. asiatica were screened with variable importance projection(VIP)value greater than 1. RESULTS There were 18 common peaks in the fingerprints of 15 batches of P. asiatica and 13 common peaks in the fingerprints of 15 batches of fried P. asiatica . A total of 8 common peaks were found in both of them. Their similarities were greater than 0.920. Two common peaks were identified as geniposidic acid ,acteoside. The results of cluster analysis showed that when the spacing was 10,the 30 batches of samples could be clustered into three categories ,with S 1-S5 as one,S16-S20 as one ,S6-S15 and S 21-S30 as one . The results of the pri ncipal component analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first two principal components was 82.575% . The results of the orthogonal partial least squares regression analysis showed that the VIP values of the three common peaks were greater than 1,namely peak E(acteoside), peak D (geniposidic acid ) and peak G. CONCLUSIONS Established fingerprints are stable ,simple sina.com and rapid. It can be used for the quality evaluation of P. asiatica and fried P. asiatica ,by combining with analysis of chemical pattern recognition. Acteoside ,geniposidic acid and the component represented by peak G may be the markers affecting the difference in quality of P. asiatica and fried P. asiatica .
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Objective:To investigate the efficacy of a machine learning model based on radiomics of brain lesions on T 2WI in differentiating multiple sclerosis (MS) from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Methods:Totally 223 MS and NMOSD patients who were treated from January 2009 to September 2018 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Donghu Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, and Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were analyzed retrospectively, and according to the proportion of 7∶3, 223 patients were completely randomly divided into training set (156 cases) and test set (67 cases). A total of 74 patients with MS and NMOSD who were treated in Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and China-Japan Friendship Hospital of Jilin University from January 2009 to September 2018 and in Xianghu Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2020 to September 2021 were collected as an independent external validation set. All patients underwent brain cross-sectional MR T 2WI, radiomics features were extracted from T 2WI, and features were selected by max-relevance and min-redundancy and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithms. Then various machine learning classifier models (logistic regression, decision tree, AdaBoost, random forest or support vector machine) were constructed to differentiate MS from NMOSD. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics was used to evaluate the performance of each classifier model in the training set, test set and external validation set. Results:Based on multi-center T 2WI, a total of 11 radiomics features related to the discrimination between MS and NMOSD were extracted and classifier models were constructed. Among them, the random forest model had the best efficiency in distinguishing MS from NMOSD, and its AUC values for distinguishing MS from NMOSD in the training set, test set and external validation set were 1.000, 0.944 and 0.902, with specificity of 100%, 76.9% and 86.0%, and sensitivity of 100%, 92.1% and 79.7%, respectively. Conclusion:The random forest model based on the radiomic features of T 2WI of brain lesions can effectively distinguish MS from NMOSD.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of BMAL1 gene on the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of radiation-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (5-8FR) and the molecular mechanism. Methods:A multi-target click model was constructed for radiation-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line 5-8FR by low-dose fractionated irradiation, and the results of clone formation assay were used to fit the multi-target click model and calculate the sensitization ratio of radiotherapy. The expression levels of PI3K/Akt/MMP-2/9 signaling pathway-related proteins in 5-8FR and control 5-8F cell lines were detected by Western blot. The overexpression and knockdown vectors of BMAL1 gene were constructed and transfected with 5-8F and 5-8F cell lines, respectively. The BMAL1 gene overexpression (pcDNA-BMAL1) and its control (pcDNA) and interference (BMAL1-shRNA) and control (con-shRNA) cell lines were stably transfected with nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line 5-8F and radiation-resistant cell line 5-8FR, respectively. Western blot was performed to verify the infection efficiency and detect the changes of PI3K/Akt/MMP-2/9 signaling pathway-related proteins after overexpression or interference of BMAL1 gene in both groups of cells. CCK-8 assay, cell scratch test and Transwell chamber test were conducted to investigate the proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of 5-8FR cell line after overexpression or interference of BMAL1 gene. Results:BMAL1 gene expression was down-regulated, and those of PI3K/Akt pathway proteins and downstream related molecules of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were up-regulated, and TIMP-2 and TIMP-1 expression was down-regulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiation-resistant cell lines. Overexpression of BMAL1 gene inhibited the expression of PI3K/Akt pathway proteins and downstream related molecules of MMP-2 and MMP-9, promoted the expression of TIMP-2 and TIMP-1, and inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of radiation-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, while interference with BMAL1 gene yielded the opposite results. Conclusions:BMAL1 gene can reverse the expression of PI3K/Akt/MMP-2/9 signaling pathway-related proteins in radiation-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion capabilities of radiation-resistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines.
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【Objective】 To investigate the clinical features and gene analysis of one pedigree with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) so as to clarify the diagnosis and classification of the disease, guide treatment and prevention, and improve prognosis. 【Methods】 The clinical data of a 36-member MEN2A family, including 6 probands, with medullary thyroid carcinoma, were investigated, and the peripheral blood genomic DNA of 28 family members (blood sample of one proband was not collected) was extracted. PCR amplification was performed on exons 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the RET gene, and the products were directly sequenced. 【Results】 Review of the medical history showed that two probands with medullary thyroid carcinoma were accompanied with hyperparathyroidism, and one family member had pheochromocytoma. The RET gene mutation test confirmed that 13 family members, consisting of 5 probands and 8 family members, had the RET proto-oncogene exon 10 missense mutation. The heterozygous missense had mutation c.1852T>A, leading to the conversion of cysteine (TGC) at position 618 to serine (AGC) (Cys618Ser). All subjects carrying RET gene Cys618Ser mutation had abnormal thyroid ultrasound change, accompanied with elevated calcitonin levels. Subjects carrying wild type of RET gene had normal calcitonin levels. The family was finally diagnosed with MEN2A by RET gene detection. 【Conclusion】 RET gene detection plays key role in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with MEN2A family and has guiding value in the follow-up and prognosis of asymptomatic carriers. There is a positive correlation between calcitonin level and the RET protooncogene mutation Cys618Ser. Patients suspected of MEN2A should be screened in time.
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【Objective】 To establish the optimal treatment model of Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. 【Methods】 We randomly divided 48 male C57BL/6 mice into normal control group, DSS model group (25 g/L DSS), BSP low-, medium- and high-dose groups (25 g/L DSS + 95, 190, 380 mg/kg BSP), and salazosulfapyridine (SASP) (25 g/L DSS + 320 mg/kg SASP, positive control) group. Mice in the normal control group drank distilled water freely, while the other groups were given 25 g/L DSS solution to drink freely for 7 days. From the second day, the low-, medium- and high-dose BSP groups and SASP (positive control)group were administered by gavage according to body mass. The normal control group and DSS model group were given the same amount of normal saline once a day for 7 consecutive days. The mice’s blood pressure was recorded every day. Mental state, body mass, stool characteristics and bloody stool were used to calculate the mice’s disease activity index (DAI). The mice were killed on the 9th day, and their colonic tissues were taken for hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and histopathological scoring. The expression of tight junction protein Claudin-1 in colonic tissues was detected by Western blotting. 【Results】 Compared with the normal control group, the DSS model group had obvious clinical manifestations, histopathological changes and reduced body weight, increased histopathological score and DAI score (P<0.05), and decreased expression of tight junction protein Claudin-1 in colon tissue (P<0.05). Compared with those in DSS model group, the clinical manifestations of UC and colonic mucosal injury in low-, medium- and high-dose BSP groups were improved in varying degrees. The high-dose (380 mg/kg) BSP group had the best effect. The degree of body weight reduction, histopathological score and DAI score in this group were significantly lower than those in DSS model group (P<0.05), whereas the expression of Claudin-1 increased significantly (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 When BSP was administered by gavage at 380 mg/kg, the therapeutic effect on UC mice induced by 25 g/L DSS was the best. This model can be used as an effective one for further studies on Striata Bletilla polysaccharide in UC mice.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the imp rovement effects of Polygonatum si biricum polysaccharides(PSP)on the myocardial injury of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)model rats. METHODS :The rats were randomly divided into blank control group , model group ,aspirin group (positive control ,25 mg/kg),PSP low-dose ,medium-dose and high-dose groups (0.5,1,2 g/kg), with 10 rats in each group. Except for blank control group ,AMI model was established by ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery of rats in other groups. After modeling ,blank control group and model group were given normal saline intragastrically ,and administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically ,once a day ,for consecutive 28 days. After last medication ,left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)and left ventricular short axis shorting rate (LVFS)of rats were detected. The morphological changes of myocardial tissue were observed. The levels of oxidative stress indexes (SOD,MDA, ROS)in myocardial tissue of rats were detected by ELISA. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2,Bax,caspase-3, caspase-8,caspase-9)and the Wnt/ β-catenin pathway-related proteins (Wnt1,β-catenin)in left ventricular anterior wall tissue of rats were detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS :Compared with model group ,the levels of LVEF and LVFS ,the levels of SOD in myocardial tissue and protein expression of Bcl- 2 in left ventricular anterior wall tissue were increased significantly in PSP medium-dose,high-dose groups and aspirin group (P<0.05);the levels of MDA and ROS in myocardial tissue ,the protein expression of Bax ,caspase-3,caspase-8,caspase-9,Wnt1 and β-catenin in left ventricular anterior wall tissue were decreased significantly(P<0.05);myocardial tissue structure disorder and inflammatory cell infiltration were reduced. CONCLUSIONS : PSP can relieve myocardial injury in AMI model rats ;its mechanism may be related to increasing SOD level in myocardial tissue ,decreasing MDA and ROS level ,regulating apoptosis-related proteins and Wnt/ β-catenin pathway-related proteins.
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OBJECTIVE:To identify Panax notoginseng and its processed products . METHODS :The fingerprint was established by HPLC. Using ginsenoside Rb 1 as reference ,HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of P. notoginseng and its processed products were drawn and the similarity evaluation was conducted by using the Similarity Evaluation System for TCM Chromatographic Fingerprints(2012 edition). The common peaks were confirmed by comparing with substance control. SPSS 21.0 and SIMCA 14.1 software were used to perform cluster analysis ,principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis;taking the variable importance projection (VIP)value greater than 1 as the standard ,the differential marker components causing the quality difference between P. notoginseng and its processed products were screened. IR fingerprints of P. notoginseng and its processed products were established by OMNIC 8.2.0 software,and the spectral similarity was evaluated ;double index sequence analysis was used to analyze absorption peaks of IR fingerprints of 15 batches of P. notoginseng and its processed products. RESULTS :There were 16 common peaks in the fingerprints of 15 batches of P. notoginseng , and the similarities were 0.911-1.000;there were 25 common peaks in the fingerprints of processed products ,and the similaritieswere 0.862-1.000. They had 12 identical common peaks ,and wang668@sina.com three of them were ident ified as sanchinoside R 1,ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb 1. Results of cluster analysi s showed that when the distance was 10,15 batches of P. notoginseng could be clustered into two categories ,SW1-SW5 into one category ,SH1-SH5 and SQ 1-SQ5 into one category ,ZW1-ZW5,ZH1-ZH5 and ZQ1-ZQ5 of 15 batches of processed products could be clustered into one category. When the distance was 5,15 batches of P. notoginseng could be clustered into three categories ,SW1-SW5 into one category ,SH2-SH5 and SQ 2 into one category ,SQ1, SQ3-SQ5 and SH 1 into one category. Fifteen batches of processed products could be clustered into two categories ,ZW1-ZW5 into one category ,ZH1-ZH5 and ZQ 1-ZQ5 into one category. The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative variance contribution rate of the first two principal components was 80.104% . The results of orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis showed that the VIP values of the five peaks were greater than 1,which were peak H ,peak G ,peak J,peak F (ginsenoside Rg 1)and peak I. The similarity of IR fingerprints of 15 batches of P. notoginseng and its processed products were 0.889 7-1.000 0 and 0.972 8-1.000 0;the common peak rates were 80%-100%,and the variation peak rates were 0-17.65% and 0-18.75%,respectively. By comparing the wave numbers of absorption peaks ,it was found that there were differences between P. notoginseng at 3 440 and 1 450 cm-1 and processed products at 1 530 and 575 cm-1. CONCLUSIONS :Established HPLC fingerprint and IR fingerprint have good similarity ,and could effectively distinguish P. notoginseng and its processed products. P. notoginseng and its processed products from different habitats have high common peak rate and low variation rate ,and their chemical components are different ;peak H ,peak G ,peak J ,ginsenoside Rg 1 and peak I are differential marker components causing the quality difference between P. notoginseng and processed products.
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The clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) lead to dramatic changes in the treatment strategy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the efficacy of ICIs in oncogene-driven NSCLC is controversial. Existing research shows that the efficacy of ICIs may be related to different types of driver genes, programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) level, and tumor mutational burden (TMB). It may involved in other factors, such as clinical characteristics, and immune cell density. ICIs monotherapy or combination therapy may play a role in a subset of oncogene-driven NSCLC patients, but further studies are needed to select these patients, which may be an important direction for the future development of advanced NSCLC.
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Humanos , Antígeno B7-H1 , Genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Tratamento Farmacológico , Imunoterapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Tratamento FarmacológicoRESUMO
Objective:To compare the efficacies of MRI, X-ray mammography (XMG) and Ultrasound (US) in detecting and diagnosing breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).Methods:Two hundred and forty one consecutive patients with pathology-confirmed DCIS were retrospectively recruited from January 2011 to December 2017 in PLA General Hospital. The imaging examination modalities included MRI and/or XMG and/or US.The breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) categorizations by MRI, XMG and US were compared and their sensitivities of detecting DCIS were calculated. The causes of underestimation on MRI were interpreted with the information of XMG and US. Chi-square test was used to compare the differences.Results:The diagnostic sensitivity of XMG, US and MRI was 65.9% (29/44), 71.6% (101/141) and 91.2% (145/159), respectively, with statistical significant differences (χ2 =24.034, P<0.001). Breast density and lesion type would influence the sensitivity of XMG. And the sensitivity of US was decreased because of non-mass lesion. Of the 14 cases under-evaluated as BI-RADS category 1 to 3 on MRI, 5 were corrected by XMG and/or US to BI-RADS category 4. The cause of underestimation on MRI was the coexistence of DCIS with adenoma or other benign lesion. Conclusion:The retrospective comparison of MRI, XMG and US in this study showed that MRI had significant higher sensitivity in detecting breast DCIS, while the false negative rates of XMG and US were un-negligible.
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Hepatocellular carcinoma is the third common cause of cancer-related death, and early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma has great influence on the prognosis of patients. This article summarizes the risk prediction models for chronic hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma in the recent 5 years, and the analysis shows that the prediction models for hepatocellular carcinoma have important clinical significance in risk stratification and individualized monitoring strategy for patients.
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Objective:To verify the clinical applicability of " eCura system" , a scoring system for assessing the risk of lymph node metastasis after non-curative endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on clinicopathological data of 155 patients with EGC, who underwent non-curative ESD confirmed by postoperative pathology in Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University from January 2012 to March 2018. According to the eCura scoring system, the 155 patients were divided to three groups: 100 cases in the low-risk group (0 to 1 point), 46 cases in the intermediate-risk group (2 to 4 points), and 9 cases in the high-risk group (5 to 7 points). Lymph node metastasis rates and prognosis of the three groups were observed and compared.Results:The follow-up time of the 155 patients was 25±15.0 months, of which median follow-up time was 25 months in the low-risk group, 23 months in the intermediate-risk group, and 34 months in the high-risk group. A total of 57 patients underwent additional surgery in the low-risk group, including 3 cases [5.26% (3/57)] of lymph node metastases; 29 patients underwent additional surgery in the intermediate-risk group, including 2 cases [6.90% (2/29)] of lymph node metastases; all 9 patients in the high-risk group underwent additional surgery and 4 cases had lymph node metastasis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of lymph node metastasis in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group ( P=0.003, OR=14.499, 95% CI: 2.513-97.214), while the risk of lymph node metastasis in the intermediate-risk group was slightly higher than that in the low-risk group ( P=0.767, OR=1.326, 95% CI: 0.165-8.594). During follow-up, there was no metastasis or cancer-specific mortality in the low-risk group, and recurrence was found in 3 cases [6.98% (3/43)] of the 43 patients without additional surgery. Among the 17 patients in the intermediate-risk group, who did not undergo additional surgery, 1 case [5.88% (1/17)] had recurrence and 2 cases [11.76% (2/17)] had metastasis including 1 case [5.88% (1/17)] died of brain metastasis. There was no recurrence, metastasis or cancer-specific mortality in 29 patients in the intermediate-risk group, who underwent additional surgery during follow-up. And there was no recurrence, metastasis or cancer-specific mortality in the all 9 patients in the high-risk group received additional surgery after ESD during follow-up. Conclusion:The eCura scoring system could contribute to predict the lymph node metastasis risk in patients after non-curative ESD for EGC. The benefits of additional surgery are limited for low-risk patients, while for intermediate-risk and high-risk patients, additional surgery can effectively improve prognosis.