RESUMO
Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality rate in the world and its pathogenic factors are complex and diverse. There are no obvious symptoms in the early stage, and most patients are in the middle to late stage at the initial diagnosis. The prognosis of esophageal cancer is poor. The treatment mode of conventional surgical resection combined with chemoradiotherapy can no longer meet the current treatment needs of disease, and new treatment strategies are urgently needed. Molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy are new treatment methods that have emerged in recent years, which have broken the therapeutic bottleneck and have been proven to play important roles in the treatment of esophageal cancer. The current research progress of the main targets and their related targeted drugs in molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy for esophageal cancer were reviewed in this article, which provided reference for the application of precision medicine in the field of esophageal cancer.