Percepção e satisfação corporal de estudantes universitários vegetarianos / Perception and body satisfaction of vegetarian students / Percepción y satisfacción corporal de los estudiantes vegetarianos

INTRODUÇÃO: A percepção e satisfação corporal têm sido amplamente estudadas em diversos públicos, principalmente em estudantes universitários; porém, existem poucas investigações com vegetarianos, sendo assim, torna-se necessário avaliar se o padrão alimentar vegetariano está relacionado com os fenômenos inerentes à imagem corporal. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a percepção e a satisfação corporal entre estudantes universitários vegetarianos. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 123 participantes, no qual foram aplicados o Questionário de Imagem Corporal - BSQ (Body Shape Questionnaire) e a Escala de Silhuetas de Stunkard. RESULTADOS: Os dados mostraram que 86,2% dos participantes eram eutróficos (IMC=22,4±3,3), sendo o score obtido no BSQ foi de 84,6 pontos (±36,0) correspondente à leve insatisfação com a imagem corporal. Cerca de 82,1% dos estudantes se mostravam insatisfeitos com a silhueta, dentre estes, 61,4% desejavam diminuí-la. CONCLUSÃO: O padrão alimentar (ovolactovegetariano, lactovegetariano, vegetariano estrito e vegano) não se relacionou com a insatisfação corporal, mas sim o desejo de ter silhuetas magras que são valorizadas pelo padrão de beleza vigente.

INTRODUCTION: For Body perception and satisfaction have been widely studied among different publics, especially among college students; however, there are few investigations with vegetarians. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate whether the vegetarian eating pattern is related to the phenomena inherent to body image. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate body perception and body satisfaction among vegetarian college students. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study with 123 participants, in which the Body Image Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Stunkard Silhouette Scale were applied. RESULTS: The data showed that 86.2% of the participants were eutrophic (BMI=22.4±3.3), and the score obtained in the BSQ was 84.6 points (±36.0) corresponding to a mild dissatisfaction with body image. About 82.1% of the students were dissatisfied with their silhouette, and 61.4% of them wanted to reduce it. CONCLUSION: Dietary patterns (ovolactovegetarian, lactovegetarian, strict vegetarian, and vegan) were not related to body dissatisfaction, but rather the desire to have thin silhouettes that are valued by the prevailing beauty standard.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La percepción y satisfacción corporal han sido ampliamente estudiadas entre diferentes públicos, especialmente entre estudiantes universitarios; sin embargo, existen pocos estudios sobre vegetarianos, por lo que es necesario evaluar si el patrón alimentario vegetariano está relacionado con los fenómenos inherentes a la imagen corporal. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la percepción corporal y la satisfacción corporal entre estudiantes universitarios vegetarianos. MÉTODO: Se trata de un estudio transversal con 123 participantes, en el que se aplicaron el Cuestionario de Imagen Corporal - BSQ (Body Shape Questionnaire) y la Escala de Siluetas de Stunkard. RESULTADOS: Los datos mostraron que el 86,2% de los participantes eran eutróficos (IMC=22,4±3,3), y la puntuación obtenida en el BSQ fue de 84,6 puntos (±36,0) correspondiente a una insatisfacción leve con la imagen corporal. Alrededor del 82,1% de los estudiantes estaban insatisfechos con su silueta, entre ellos, el 61,4% deseaba reducirla. CONCLUSIÓN: El patrón alimentario (ovolactovegetariano, lactovegetariano, vegetariano estricto y vegano) no estaba relacionado con la insatisfacción corporal, sino con el deseo de tener siluetas delgadas que son valoradas por el estándar de belleza vigente.

Efeitos de uma intervenção com universitários sobre como lidar com a ansiedade / Effects of an intervention with college students on how to deal with anxiety / Efectos de una intervención con universitarios sobre como lidiar con la ansiedad

Diante dos desafios que concernem a adaptação acadêmica, a ansiedade que se dá em meio às múltiplas dificuldades inerentes a este contexto é um aspecto considerável. Considerando diferentes potenciais fontes de ansiedade na experiência universitária, foram elaboradas duas oficinas em formato online, cada uma composta por cinco sessões, com o intuito de auxiliar estudantes universitários a lidar com a ansiedade em meio acadêmico. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a efetividade dessas oficinas. Participaram17 estudantes, dos quais, de acordo com o método de análise estatística utilizado, pautado no índice de mudança confiável, 14 apresentaram melhoras em seus quadros de ansiedade e, destes, dois apresentaram mudanças particularmente notáveis em termos estatísticos. Com os resultados apresentados, pode-se perceber que o desenvolvimento de intervenções com estudantes universitários em diferentes formatos pode ser de grande valia para essa população no que tange suas dificuldades de adaptação à universidade(AU).

Faced with the challenges related to academic adaptation, the anxiety that occurs amid the multiple difficulties inherent in this context is a considerable aspect. Considering different sources of anxiety in the university experience, two online workshops were developed, each consisting of five sessions, in order to help university students deal with anxiety in academia. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. Participated in the workshops 17 students, of which, according to the statistical analysis method used, based on the index of reliable change, 14 showed improvements in their anxiety of these, two showed particularly remarkable changes in statistical terms. With the results presented, it is possible to see that the developmentof interventions with university students in different formats can be of great value to this population regarding their difficulties of adaptation to the university (AU).

Frente a los desafíos que afectan a la adaptación académica, la ansiedad que se da en medio de las múltiples dificultades inherentes a este contexto es un aspecto considerable. Considerando diferentes fuentes de ansiedad en la universidad, se elaboraron dos talleres en formato online, compuestos por cinco sesiones, con el fin de ayudar a estudiantes a lidiar con la ansiedad en medio académico. El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de la intervención. Participaron 17 estudiantes, de los cuales, de acuerdo con el método de análisis estadístico utilizado, pautado en el índice de cambio confiable, 14 presentaron mejoras en sus cuadros de ansiedad y, de ellos, dos presentaron cambios particularmente notables en términos estadísticos. Con los resultados presentados, se puede percibir que el desarrollo de intervenciones con estudiantes universitarios en diferentes formatos puede ser de gran valor para esa población en lo que respecta a sus dificultades de adaptación universitaria (AU).

Risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus among college students enrolled in Quezon City: A descriptive, cross-sectional study / Health Sciences Journal

Introduction@#In 2021, the International Diabetes Federation, reported 536 million people with diabetes, mainly from countries with lower income.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional descriptive study was employed using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC), a validated questionnaire which determines the risk of developing diabetes. The questionnaire was conducted online to be accomplished by students enrolled in universities located in Quezon City.@*Results@#Among the 178 college students in Quezon City, with average age of 20 years old, 28.1% are at risk of developing T2DM. The factors contributing to the risk were: (1) Lack of physical activity of at least 30 minutes a day (51.7%); (2) lack of daily intake of vegetables and fruits or berries (52.8%); and (3) family history of DM (74.7%).@*Conclusion@#The study found that one in every four college students in Quezon City is at risk of developing T2DM in the next ten years.

Relationship between gratitude and academic burnout in college students / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between gratitude and academic burnout incollege students,as well as the role of psychological well-being and proactive coping in their relationship.Methods:A total of 1 038 college students from 4 universities were selected andassessedwith the Gratitude Scale(GQ-6),Flourishing Scale(FS),Proactive Coping Scale(PCS)and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS).SPSS macro pro-gram Process and Bootstrap method were used to test the mediating effect.Results:The MBI-GS scores were higher in boys than in girls(P＜0.01),and higher in those with left behind experience thanin those without left behind ex-perience(P＜0.001).The GQ-6 scores were negatively associated with the MBI-GS scores(β=-0.19,P＜0.001).PCS scores played an independent mediating role between GQ-6 scores and MBI-GS scores(Indirect effect=0.05,95％CI=0.02-0.09),while the scores of psychological well-being and proactive coping had a chain mediating effect between gratitude scores and academic burnout scores(Indirect effect=0.06,95％CI=0.03～0.01).Conclusion:It suggests that gratitude is related to academic burnout in college students,and proactive cop-ing plays an independent mediating role,while psychological well-being and proactive coping play a chain media-ting role.

Relation of future self-continuity to family support and meaning in life in college students / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To evaluate the relationship among future self-continuity,family support and meaning in life in college students.Methods:A total of 912 college students(448 males and 464 females)were selected and assessed with the Future Self-Continuity Questionnaire(FSCQ),Family Support Scale(PSS-Fa)and Meaning in Life Questionnaire(MLQ).Results:The average score of FSCQ was(3.3±1.1),and those who were female,25 years old,senior,nonlocal census register,only child had lower FSCQ scores(P＜0.001).Regression analysis results showed that the scores of PSS-Fa and the MLQ scores of search for life meaning and presence for life mean-ing were positively correlated with the FSCQ scores(β=0.80,0.69,0.74).Conclusion:The study shows that the future self-continuity is at a medium level and improving family support and meaning in life may help to enhance their future self-continuity in college students.

Relationship among anxiety,perceived stress and forbearance in college students / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship of anxiety,perceived stress and forbearance in the college students.Methods:Totally 3 056 college students(1 102 males and 1 954 females)in Guangdong Province were re-cruited and assessed with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale(GAD-7 score of ≥10 indicates positive anxiety symptoms),Perceived Stress Scale(PSS-10),and Forbearance Scale(FS).SPSS Process model 2 was used to test the moderating effect of different types of forbearance.Results:Totally 486(15.9％)college students had anxiety.The PSS-10 scores were positively correlated with the GAD-7 scores(β=0.63),and FS scores of repres-sive forbearance and active forbearance played a moderating role between the PSS-10 scores and the GAD-7 scores respectively(β=0.05,-0.04).Conclusion:It suggests that anxiety and perceived stress are correlated with for-bearance in college students,and repressive forbearance and active forbearance may moderate the relationship be-tween perceived stress and anxiety.

Gender differences in the regulation of negative emotions by positive reappraisal and detached reappraisal in college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the gender differences and cognitive neural mechanism of positive reappraisal and detached reappraisal strategies in regulating negative emotions in college students.Methods:According to the convenient sampling method, 40 students in Chengdu Medical College were selected as subjects, and the subjects whose scores of self-rating anxiety scale or self-rating depression scale exceeded the critical value and had too many electroencephalogram(EEG) artifacts were excluded. Finally, the experimental data of 17 men and 17 women were included for statistical analysis. All subjects completed the task paradigm of emotion regulation, and their behavior and EEG data under the conditions of positive reappraisal, detached reappraisal and free viewing were recorded. SPSS 23.0 software was used for the repeated measurement ANOVA.Results:(1) Behavioral results: in valence, the interaction between gender and emotional regulation conditions was significant ( F(2, 64)=27.475, P<0.001). Under the condition of free viewing, the male's valence score was significantly higher than that of the female ((3.94±1.70), (3.25±1.44)), and the difference was statistically significant ( F(1, 32)=33.098, P<0.001). Under the condition of positive reappraisal, the valence score of women was significantly higher than that of men ((6.84±1.33), (6.59±1.17)), and the difference was statistically significant ( F(1, 32)=7.002, P=0.008). Under the condition of detached reappraisal, the valence score of women was significantly higher than that of men ((5.84±1.61), (5.43±1.61)), and the difference was statistically significant ( F(1, 32)=10.942, P=0.001). In arousal degree, the main effect of gender was significant ( F(1, 32)=60.745, P<0.001), and the emotional arousal degree of women was significantly higher than that of men ((4.27±0.05), (3.69±0.05)). (2) ERP results: in the N200 component, the main effect of sex was significant ( F(1, 32)=4.253, P=0.047), and the N200 amplitude of women was significantly higher than that of men ((-1.05±0.53)μV, (-2.58±0.53)μV). In P300 component, the main effect of sex was significant ( F(1, 32)=12.044, P=0.001), and the P300 amplitude of women was higher than that of men ((2.46±0.27)μV, (1.15±0.27) μV). In the late LPP composition, the main effect of sex was significant ( F(1, 32)=18.998, P<0.001), and the amplitude of LPP in women was significantly higher than that in men ((3.25±0.34)μV, (1.13±0.34)μV). Conclusion:Positive reappraisal and detached reappraisal can effectively regulate the subjective emotional experience of negative emotions, and have a greater early emotional response.

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of body dysmorphic disorder scale in Chinese college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:Revise the Chinese version of body dysmorphic disorder scale (CBDDS) and test its reliability and validity in Chinese college students.Methods:In October 2022, college students were surveyed with the body dysmorphic disorder scale (BDDS), the body image disorders scale (BIDS), the appearance anxiety scale-brief (AAS-B), the Chinese body shame scale (CBSS) and short-depression scale (SDS). Totally 59 college students (sample 1) were subjected to evaluate the popularity degree of the scale, 493 college students (sample 2) were subjected to complete item and exploratory factor analysis, 457 colleges students (sample 3) were subjected to complete the confirmatory factor analysis, totally 89 colleges students (sample 4) were subjected to complete the re-test reliability analysis.SPSS 25.0 software was used for item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, Pearson correlation analysis.AMOS 24.0 software was used for confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity analysis.Results:(1) The CBDDS was consisted of 3 dimensions including pathological beliefs, appearance anxiety and overgrooming, and the three-factor model fitted well ( χ2/ df=3.14, GFI=0.93, CFI=0.91, TLI=0.91, RMSEA=0.07). (2) The score of CBDDS was positively correlated with the score of BIDS, AAS-B, CBSS and SDS ( r=0.41-0.81, all P<0.01). In addition, the composite reliability coefficients were 0.75-0.95 and AVE coefficients were 0.51-0.56.(3) The CBDDS had good internal reliability with Cronbach's α coefficients from 0.75 to 0.94, split-half reliability coefficients from 0.65 to 0.90 and re-test reliability coefficients from 0.71 to 0.91 (all P<0.01). Conclusion:The CBDDS has acceptable reliability and validity and can be an effective scale for Chinese college students.

Investigation into the present situation surrounding psychological crisis intervention abilities of college counselors / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the prevailing situation concerning psychological crisis intervention abilities of college staff,and provide countermeasures and suggestions for further strengthening the psychological crisis intervention abilities of college counselors.Methods A"Questionnaire on the Structure of Psychological Crisis Intervention Ability of College Counselors,"was conducted among 120 college counselors and 240 college students from eight colleges in Shenyang.A total of 92 counselors and 199 college students'responses were collected,with an effective recovery rate of 80.83%.Results There were statistical differences between male counselors and female counselors in personality trait dimension(t=-2.156,P＜0.05).There were also statistical differences between counselors who had dealt with students'psychological crises and those who had not in terms of the knowledge(t=-2.786,P＜0.01)and ability dimen-sions(t=-2.151,P＜0.05).Statistical differences were also observed in the evaluation of counselors'crisis intervention ability between students who had experienced psychological crisis events and those who had not.Lastly,there were statistical differences in the empathy(t=-3.176,P＜0.01)and personality trait dimensions(t=-2.424,P＜0.05)between counselors'self-evaluation and students'evaluation.Conclusion At present,college counselors have improved intervention capacity in dealing with students'psychological crises,but it is still necessary to strengthen the preventive role in psychological crisis intervention.Universities need to strengthen speciali-zed training on psychological crisis intervention and provide resources and support for counselors.

Relationship between insecure attachment and procrastination in college students： path analysis of mindfulness and self-control / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundPrevention and intervention of procrastination in college students are of great practical significance， and studies have illustrated a pairwise correlation among mindfulness， self-control， insecure attachment and procrastination， whereas the mechanism by which insecure attachment leads to procrastination remains unclear， and the related mediation path is quite understudied. ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of insecure attachment on procrastination among college students and the pathway of mindfulness and self-control， so as to inform the design of interventions for procrastination among college students. MethodsRandom and cluster sampling method were utilized to enroll 514 college students from 4 colleges in Guangdong Province From February to April 2023. Subjects were assessed using Irrational Procrastination Scale （IPS）， Adult Attachment Scale （AAS）， Mindful Attention Awareness Scale （MAAS） and Brief Self-Control Scale （BSCS）. Pearson correlation analysis were adopted to identify the correlation among above scales， and the mediation effect was examined via Bootstrap procedure. ResultsAAS score was positively correlated with IPS score （r=0.382， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with MAAS and BSCS scores （r=-0.242， -0.353， P<0.01）. IPS score was negatively correlated with MAAS and BSCS scores （r=-0.314， -0.682， P<0.01）. MAAS score was positively correlated with BSCS score （r=0.439， P<0.01）. Insecure attachment positively predicted procrastination （β=0.377， P<0.01）， and the prediction of procrastination by insecure attachment was mediated by self-control， with an indirect effect value of 0.163 （95% CI： 0.105~0.223）， accounting for 43.24% of the total effect value. The mindfulness and self-control exerted a chained mediation effect on the relationship between insecure attachment and procrastination， and the indirect effect value was 0.056 （95% CI： 0.028~0.089）， accounting for 14.85% of the total effect value. ConclusionInsecure attachment can influence procrastination among college students both directly and indirectly through the single mediation of self-control or the chained mediation of mindfulness and self-control. ［Funded by 2023 National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program （number， 202310570023）］

Relationship between mobile phone addiction and anxiety among college students： the acting path of loneliness / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundAnxiety exists as a prevalent psychological problem among college students nowadays， which brings negative influence on their normal life. Mobile phone addiction and loneliness both have an impact on college students' anxiety. However， the acting path of loneliness between mobile phone addiction and anxiety requires further exploration. ObjectiveTo analyze the relationships among mobile phone addiction， loneliness and anxiety in college students， and to explore the acting path of loneliness between mobile phone addiction and anxiety. MethodsOn December 21， 2023， 1 400 college students from a university in Henan Province were selected， in accordance with the simple random sampling method， for investigation of this study. Questionnaire survey was conducted by using several scales including Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale （MPATS）， Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and University of California Los Angeles-Loneliness Scale （UCLA-LS）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between the scores of each scale above， and SPSS macro program Process 3.3 was used to test the mediation effect. ResultsA total of 1 239 valid questionnaires were collected， with an effective recovery rate of 88.50%. The MPATS score of college students was positively correlated with both SAS and UCLA-LS scores （r=0.474， 0.387， P<0.01）， and UCLA-LS score was positively correlated with SAS score （r=0.541， P<0.01）. The indirect effect of loneliness between mobile phone addiction and anxiety was 0.160 （95% CI： 0.118~0.173）， accounting for 33.97% of the total effect. ConclusionMobile phone addiction can positively predict anxiety among college students， and loneliness may act as the mediation path between mobile phone addiction and anxiety among college students.

Realistic Consideration and Path Choice: Research on the Integration of Epidemic Narrative into College Students’ Ideological and Political Education / 中国医学伦理学

It takes a long time to repair the social damage caused by a major epidemic, which is both a rebuilding of social order and a long process of social psychology. How to reproduce the collective memory of major epidemic events through narration, start from the reality of the epidemic narrative to the should and finally back to practice, and use epidemic narrative as an educational means and carrier in ideological and political education, it will be a beneficial attempt to realize the unification of knowledge and practice in college students’ ideological and political education in the post-epidemic period. To integrate the epidemic narrative into the ideological and political education of college students, it is necessary to adhere to the mainstream ideological direction of the narrative, unblock the narrative channel, reasonably choose the narrative method and optimize the narrative content, adhere to student-oriented, and give full play to the educational function of students’ individual narration.

Mental health of Brazilian students during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of gratitude, optimism, and hope in reducing anxiety

Abstract Objective To investigate the role of optimism, hope, and gratitude as psychosocial factors for healthy development, especially with regard to anxiety in college students in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods This is a quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian Gratitude Scale (Escala Brasileira de Gratidão [B-GRAT]), and the Brazilian versions of an anxiety subscale, the Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), Hope Index Scale, and BIG-FIVE were administered. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlations, and hierarchical linear regression. Results A total of 297 students were assessed. The relationship between gratitude and anxiety became positive in the hierarchical linear analysis, contradicting the initial negative association between these variables according to the Spearman coefficients. This contradiction may be a result of the suppression effect. When gratitude was added to the model, these three variables together accounted for 38% of the variance in anxiety. This indicates that optimism, hope, and gratitude together are significant predictors, although optimism alone accounts for the greater part of the variance in decreased anxiety. Conclusion The data confirm that family and religiosity are protective factors against mental illness, specifically non-adaptive anxiety. Furthermore, developing optimism as a protective factor makes it possible to experience less anxiety while hope has the potential to provide the individual with multiple pathways to healthy development. This study highlights that gratitude plays a dual role in these relationships as it has the potential to be associated with anxious feelings with likely negative outcomes while at the same time it can drive positive psychosocial factors of optimism and hope, decreasing anxiety.

Adaptation and Psychometric Evidence of the Work Volition Scale - Student Version to Brazil / Adaptação e Evidências Psicométricas da Work Volition Scale - Student no Brasil / Adaptación y Evidencia Psicométrica de la Work Volition Scale - Student en Brasil

Abstract The Psychology of Working Theory has achieved notable prominence in career studies for its focus on how various - both individual and contextual - influence careers and job outcomes. "Volition" stands out as one of the key elements of this theory, representing the individuals' ability to make career choices despite obstacles. This study aimed to adapt and validate both internal and external structures of the Work Volition Scale - Student Version (WVS-SV) to Brazil. A total of 590 university students from public and private institutions of varied courses and semesters, mostly women (59%), took part in the study. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the scale effectively measured two dimensions: volition and constraints. External evidence, including satisfaction with life and career, supported the theoretical aspects of this construct. The results indicated good psychometric properties of the scale to the Brazilian setting, contributing to a better understanding of career choices among university students.

Resumo O modelo da Psicologia do Trabalhar tem se destacado nos estudos de carreira, abordando como variáveis contextuais e individuais influenciam a trajetória profissional. Um conceito-chave é a volição, que representa a capacidade de fazer escolhas de carreira diante de obstáculos. O objetivo desse estudo é adaptar e apresentar evidências de validade de estrutura interna e externa para o Brasil da Work Volition Scale - Student Version. Participaram 590 estudantes universitários de diferentes cursos e semestres, de instituições públicas e privadas, com uma predominância de mulheres (59%). As análises fatoriais exploratórias e confirmatórias mostraram uma estrutura adequada, composta por duas dimensões: restrições e volição. Além disso, identificaram-se evidências externas ao relacionar com a satisfação com a vida e a carreira. Os resultados indicam boas qualidades psicométricas da Work Volition Scale - Student Version no contexto brasileiro, contribuindo para melhorar a compreensão das escolhas de carreira entre os estudantes universitários.

Resumen El modelo de Psicología del Trabajo se ha destacado en estudios de carrera, explorando cómo las variables contextuales e individuales influyen en la trayectoria profesional. Un concepto clave es la volición, que representa la capacidad de la toma de decisiones de carrera frente a obstáculos. Este estudio buscó adaptar y presentar evidencias de validez de la estructura interna y externa para Brasil de la Work Volition Scale - Student Version. Participaron 590 estudiantes universitarios de diversos cursos y semestres, tanto de instituciones públicas como privadas, con predominio de mujeres (59%). Los análisis factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios demostraron una estructura adecuada con dos dimensiones: restricciones y volición. Además, se identificaron evidencias externas al relacionarlas con la satisfacción en la vida y la carrera. Los resultados indican buenas cualidades psicométricas de la Work Volition Scale - Student Version en el contexto brasileño, contribuyendo a una mejor comprensión de las elecciones de carrera entre los estudiantes universitarios.

O impacto da pandemia da Covid-19 na saúde mental de estudantes universitários / The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of university students / El impacto de la pandemia de Covid-19 en la salud mental de los estudiantes universitarios

A pandemia pelo SARS-CoV-2 é um dos maiores desafios sanitários em escala global. Devido estado de emergência, uma série de medidas de controle e prevenção foram adotadas, como distanciamento social e redução das reuniões públicas. Nesse cenário, buscou-se avaliar a saúde mental de estudantes de uma instituição privada de Ensino Superior diante da pandemia. Esta pesquisa trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo desenvolvido na Faculdade do Vale do Jaguaribe, localizada em Aracati-CE. A coleta de dados ocorreu de dezembro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021, utilizando formulário eletrônico contendo variáveis sociodemográficas, epidemiológicas e relativas aos diferentes aspectos da saúde mental do estudante frente a pandemia da COVID-19. A análise foi baseada no cálculo de frequências absolutas e relativas das variáveis além de medidas de tendência central e dispersão. Dos 333 discentes que participaram do estudo, a média de idade foi 25, com variação entre 18 e 56 anos, sendo maioria do sexo feminino (72,7%), autodenominação de cor/etnia parda (72,7%) e não estarem trabalhando (53,8%). A taxa de positividade entre os graduandos para COVID-19 foi de 9% (30). Ao serem questionados sobre como a pandemia alterou seus níveis de estresse ou saúde mental, 75,5% responderam que houve piora. Dentre os sintomas mais relatados no período da quarentena, estavam medo e ansiedade (ambos com 74,2%), seguidos por insegurança (69,7%). Baseados nos achados deste estudo, recomenda-se a incorporação de ações multiprofissionais na atenção aos estudantes dentro da academia. Sugere-se a implantação de um serviço qualificado buscando desenvolver um olhar holístico para os discentes.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has presented itself as one of the greatest health challenges on a global scale. Given the state of public health emergency, a series of control and prevention measures have been adopted, such as social distancing and reduction of public meetings, as in universities. Faced with this scenario, we sought to evaluate the mental health of students from a private institution of Higher Education in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this research was a descriptive cross-sectional study developed at the Faculdade do Vale do Jaguaribe, located in the City of Aracati- CE. Data collection occurred from December 2020 to February 2021, using an electronic form containing sociodemographic and epidemiological variables, as well as variables related to the repercussions in different aspects of the student's mental health when facing the pandemic of COVID-19. The analysis was based on the calculation of absolute and relative frequencies of the variables, as well as measures of central tendency and dispersion. Of the 333 students who participated in the study, the mean age was 25 years, with ages ranging from 18 to 56 years, the majority being female (72.7%), self- denominated as Brown (72.7%), not working when answering the form (53.8%). The positivity rate among undergraduates for COVID-19 was 9% (30/333). When asked how the pandemic altered their stress levels or mental health, 75.5% responded that it had worsened. Among the symptoms most reported by students during the quarantine period were fear and anxiety (both 74.2%), followed by insecurity (69.7%). It is suggested the implementation of a qualified approach service seeking to develop a holistic look for the students.

La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 es uno de los mayores desafíos sanitarios a escala global. Debido al estado de emergencia, se han adoptado una serie de medidas de control y prevención, como el distanciamiento social y la reducción de reuniones públicas. En este escenario, se buscó evaluar la salud mental de los estudiantes de una institución privada de educación superior frente a la pandemia. Esta investigación es un estudio descriptivo transversal desarrollado en la Facultad de Valle de Jaguaribe, ubicada en Aracati-CE. La recopilación de datos se llevó a cabo de diciembre de 2020 a febrero de 2021, utilizando un formulario electrónico que contiene variables sociodemográficas, epidemiológicas y relacionadas con los diferentes aspectos de la salud mental del estudiante frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. El análisis se basó en el cálculo de frecuencias absolutas y relativas de las variables, además de medidas de tendencia central y dispersión. De los 333 estudiantes que participaron en el estudio, la media de edad fue de 25 años, con variación entre 18 y 56 años, siendo la mayoría del sexo femenino (72,7%), autodenominación de la raza / etnia morena (72,7%) y no trabajando (53,8%). La tasa de positividad entre los estudiantes de pregrado para COVID-19 fue del 9% (30). Cuando se les preguntó cómo la pandemia había alterado su nivel de estrés o salud mental, el 75,5% respondió que había empeorado. Entre los síntomas más comunes durante el período de cuarentena, se encontraban el miedo y la ansiedad (ambos con un 74,2%), seguidos de la inseguridad (69,7%). Basados en los resultados de este estudio, se recomienda la incorporación de acciones multiprofesionales en la atención a los estudiantes dentro de la academia. Se sugiere la implementación de un servicio calificado que busque desarrollar una mirada holística hacia los estudiantes.

Autocompaixão em estudantes universitários: revisão integrativa da literatura / Self-compassion in university students: an integrative literature review / Autocompasión en los estudiantes universitarios: revisión integrativa de la literatura

O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar a produção científica, em busca de reunir evidências empíricas sobre autocompaixão em estudantes universitários. A revisão integrativa abrangeu artigos publicados no período de 2009 a 2021, indexados nas bases PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol. Um total de 183 estudos foram encontrados e, após as etapas de triagem, elegibilidade e seleção, foram incluídos 9 artigos, seguindo as diretrizes propostas pelo PRISMA. A análise dos resultados foi categorizada a partir de dois tópicos: (i) intervenções baseadas em autocompaixão para acadêmicos e (ii) a autocompaixão como fator psicológico protetivo à saúde mental de estudantes do ensino superior. Os resultados mostraram que a autocompaixão é considerada um importante fator protetivo para o funcionamento psicológico positivo e ao desenvolvimento de características que reflitam dimensões positivas da saúde mental e do desempenho acadêmico em estudantes universitários. (AU)

The objective of this study was to review the scientific literature in order to gather empirical evidence about self-compassion in college students. The integrative review included articles published from 2009 to 2021, indexed in the PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, available in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. A total of 183 studies were found, and after undergoing the screening, eligibility, and selection steps, 9 articles were included, following the guidelines as established by PRISMA. The analysis of the results was categorized into two main topics: (i) self-compassion-based interventions for academics and (ii) self-compassion as a psychological protective factor for the mental health of higher education students. The results showed that self-compassion is considered an important protective factor for positive psychological functioning and for the development of characteristics that reflect positive dimensions of mental health and academic performance in college students. (AU)

El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar la producción científica, con el propósito de reunir evidencias empíricas sobre la autocompasión en estudiantes universitarios. La revisión integrativa incluyó artículos publicados entre 2009 y 2021, indexados en PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, en portugués, inglés o español. Se encontraron 183 estudios y, tras las fases de cribado, elegibilidad y selección, se incluyeron 9 artículos, siguiendo las pautas propuestas por PRISMA. El análisis de los resultados se categorizó a partir de dos temas: (i) intervenciones basadas en la autocompasión para académicos y (ii) la autocompasión como factor psicológico protector de la salud mental de los estudiantes de educación superior. Los resultados mostraron que la autocompasión se considera un importante factor de protección para el funcionamiento psicológico positivo y el desarrollo de características que reflejan dimensiones positivas de la salud mental y el rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios. (AU)

Resisting racism: life and career narratives of black undergraduate students / Resistindo ao racismo: narrativas de vida e carreira de universitários negros / Resistiendo al racismo: narrativas de vida y carrera de estudiantes universitarios negros

The present study aimed to identify how racism appears in the lives and careers of Black undergraduate students in a Brazilian Public Higher Education Institution. For this purpose, this study conducted 27 narrative interviews with self-declared black undergraduates, which were analyzed using the technique of thematic Biography and Narrative Analysis. The results indicated that despite the existence of distinctions between the undergraduates' trajectories, usually caused by socioeconomic differences, racism similarly impacts their lives and careers, presenting itself in three frequent themes, named by the researchers as: "Experiences with Racism", "Awareness of Racism", and "Management of Racism". It was found that, although there are distinctions between experiences, motivated especially by socioeconomic origin and available opportunities, all participants manage the effects of racism, individually and collectively, leading them to changes in career prospects, to enable the construction of viable professional trajectories to achieve their ambitions. (AU)

O presente estudo objetivou identificar como o racismo se presentifica na vida e na carreira de universitários negros de uma Instituição Pública de Ensino Superior brasileira. Para tanto, foram conduzidas 27 entrevistas narrativas com graduandos autodeclarados negros, analisadas por meio da técnica de Análise de Biografias e Narrativas do tipo temática. Os resultados indicaram que, apesar da existência de distinções entre as trajetórias dos universitários, habitualmente ocasionada por diferenças socioeconômicas, o racismo impacta similarmente suas vidas e carreiras, apresentando-se em três temas frequentes, nomeados pelos pesquisadores como: "Experiências com o Racismo", "Conscientização sobre o Racismo" e "Manejo ao Racismo". Constatou-se que, embora existam distinções entre as vivências, motivadas, sobretudo, pela origem socioeconômica e oportunidades disponíveis, os efeitos do racismo são manejados por todos os participantes, individual e coletivamente, levando-os a alterações nas perspectivas de carreira, a fim de possibilitar a construção de trajetórias profissionais viáveis às suas ambições. (AU)

El presente estudio objetivó identificar cómo el racismo está presente en la vida y carrera de universitarios negros de una Institución Pública de Educación Superior brasileña. Para ello, se realizaron 27 entrevistas narrativas con universitarios autoproclamados negros, analizadas mediante la técnica de Análisis de Biografías y Narrativas del tipo temática. Los resultados indicaron que, aunque hay distinciones entre las trayectorias de los universitarios, generalmente causadas por diferencias socioeconómicas, el racismo impacta de manera similar sus vidas y carreras, presentándose en tres temas frecuentes, denominados como: "Experiencias con el Racismo", "Concientización sobre el racismo" y "Manejo del racismo". Se encontró que, aunque existen distinciones entre las experiencias, motivadas, especialmente, por el origen socioeconómico y las oportunidades disponibles, los efectos del racismo son manejados por todos los participantes, individual y colectivamente, llevándolos a cambios en las perspectivas de carrera, a fin de posibilitar la construcción de trayectorias profesionales viables para cumplir sus ambiciones. (AU)

Estrés, estrategias de afrontamiento y consumo de alimentos no saludables durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en estudiantes universitarios

Los estudiantes universitarios suelen presentar una dieta poco saludable por estar expuestos, entre otros factores, a situaciones estresantes que se han visto exacerbadas por la pandemia del COVID-19. Para enfrentar el estrés se pueden utilizar diferentes estrategias, sin embargo, se desconoce si los estudiantes universitarios han utilizado dichas estrategias y/o cambiado sus hábitos alimentarios como mecanismo para manejar el estrés durante la pandemia. Este estudio evaluó si el estrés generado durante la pandemia de COVID-19 impactó en los hábitos alimentarios de los estudiantes universitarios y en las estrategias de afrontamiento para enfrentar el estrés. La muestra fue no probabilística y estuvo compuesta por 236 estudiantes universitarios de dos instituciones universitarias chilenas. Se aplicó una encuesta en línea que evaluó consumo de alimentos no saludables, estrés, estrategias de afrontamiento, e información sociodemográfica. Los datos se analizaron mediante regresión binomial negativa. El análisis reveló un aumento en el consumo de alimentos poco saludables, especialmente en estudiantes con altos niveles de estrés. Las estrategias utilizadas se agruparon en 'evitación emocional' y 'mantenerse ocupado'. Se evidenció que los estudiantes más jóvenes preferían las estrategias de evitación emocional y había una fuerte asociación entre las estrategias de "mantenerse ocupado" con un menor consumo de alimentos poco saludables. Estos resultados respaldan el desarrollo de estrategias para el manejo del estrés y de esta forma evitar el consumo excesivo de alimentos poco saludables durante períodos estresantes como la pandemia de COVID-19.

College students often have an unhealthy diet due to exposure to, among other factors, stressful situations that have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Different strategies can be used to cope with stress; however, it is unknown whether university students have used such strategies and/or changed their dietary habits as a mechanism to manage stress during the pandemic. This study assessed whether the stress generated during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted college students' eating habits and coping strategies to deal with stress. The sample was non-probabilistic and was composed of 236 university students from two Chilean university institutions. An online survey was administered that assessed unhealthy food consumption, stress, coping strategies, and sociodemographic information. Data were analyzed using negative binomial regression. The analysis revealed an increase in the consumption of unhealthy foods, especially in students with high levels of stress. The strategies used were grouped into 'emotional avoidance' and 'keeping busy'. It was evident that younger students preferred emotional avoidance strategies and there was a strong association between 'keeping busy' strategies with lower consumption of unhealthy foods. These results support the development of stress management strategies to avoid excessive consumption of unhealthy foods during stressful periods such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Invarianza factorial de dos versiones breves de la Escala de Resiliencia de Connor-Davidson (CD-RISC) en estudiantes universitarios de Arequipa / Factorial Invariance of two Short Versions of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) in Arequipa University Students

Resumen La resiliencia es una característica individual que posibilita el reajuste biopsicosocial y espiritual que ayuda al bienestar psicológico y al desenvolvimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la invarianza de medición según el sexo, de dos versiones breves de la Escala de Resiliencia de Connor-Davidson (CD-RISC) y determinar si existen diferencias entre hombres y mujeres. Se evaluó con la CD-RISC-10, que incluye la CD-RISC-7, a una muestra de 491 universitarios arequipeños (312 mujeres; 179 hombres) con edad promedio de 20.56 años (DE = 3.18), de una institución privada. Inicialmente se realizó un análisis factorial multigrupo con cada versión para valorar el grado de invarianza de medición alcanzado, y luego de ello se compararon las medias latentes de resiliencia entre hombres y mujeres. En cuanto a los resultados, la CD-RISC-7 presentó indicadores estructurales más favorables (e.g., λ > .50; en mujeres: CFI = .981, RMSEA = .087, WRMR = 0.683; en hombres: CFI = .966, RMSEA = .124, WRMR = 0.783), que la CD-RISC-10 (e.g., λ < .50, índices de ajuste en mujeres: CFI = .974, RMSEA = .073, WRMR = 0.774; en hombres: CFI = .960, RMSEA = .095, WRMR = 0.803) incluyendo la invarianza de medición (invarianza estricta: ΔCFI = .003; ARMSEA = .001), y al comparar las medias latentes fueron halladas diferencias significativas a favor de los hombres (d = .471). Finalmente, se discuten las implicancias teóricas y metodológicas de los hallazgos, así como la necesidad de ampliar los estudios considerando otros aspectos relevantes para una mejor comprensión del constructo resiliencia.

Abstract Resilience is an individual trait that enables biopsychosocial and spiritual readjustment, helping the psychological well-being and academic performance of university students. The objective of this research was to analyze the measurement invariance by sex of two short versions of the Connor - Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and to determine if there are differences between men and women. A sample of 491 Arequipa university students (63.5% women), with an average age of 20.56 years-old (SD = 3.18), from a private institution in Arequipa-Peru was evaluated with the CD-RISC-10, which includes the CD-RISC-7. First, a multi-group factor analysis was carried out with each version to assess the degree of measurement invariance achieved, and then the latent means of resilience between men and women were compared. Regarding the results, the cD-Risc-7 presented more favorable structural indicators (e.g., λ > .50; in women: CFI= .981, RMSEA= .087, WRMR = 0.683; in men: CFI= .966, RMSEA= .124, WRMR= 0.783), than THE CD-RISC-10 (e.g., λ < .50, fit indices in women: CFI = .974, RMSEA = .073, WRMR = 0.774; in men: CFI = .960, RMSEA = .095, WRMR = 0.803), including measurement invariance (strict invariance: ΔCFI= .003; ARMSEA = .001), and when comparing latent means, significant differences in favor of men were found (d = .471). Finally, the theoretical and methodological implications of the findings are discussed, as well as the need to extend the studies considering other relevant aspects for a better understanding of the resilience construct.

Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental em Grupo: Estratégia de Psicoeducação com Estudantes de Enfermagem / Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Strategy for Psychoeducation with Nursing Students / Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual en Grupo: Estrategia para la Psicoeducación con Estudiantes de Enfermeira

Este estudo teve por objetivo apresentar os resultados de um grupo psicoterápico psicoeducativo desenvolvido junto a estudantes de Enfermagem. Foram realizados seis encontros com cinco estudantes de uma universidade pública do Estado de São Paulo. Os encontros foram audiogravados, transcritos e submetidos à análise temático-reflexiva. Os resultados encontrados permitiram a construção de cinco categorias temáticas: (1) Desafios da adaptação ao ensino superior; (2) Concepções sobre saúde mental na universidade; (3) Autocuidado e equilíbrio entre a vida universitária e pessoal; (4) Relações interpessoais e vida universitária; (5) Perspectivas e expectativas sobre a formação. O processo de integração à universidade requer mobilização cognitiva, afetiva e social, sendo que as relações com os pares, professores e familiares foram destacadas como importantes para essa adaptação. As participantes destacaram conhecer a importância do cuidado em saúde mental, mas admitiram dificuldades de promoverem o autocuidado. O espaço grupal foi utilizado como ambiente de escuta, estabelecimento de vínculo e autocuidado. Os grupos psicoeducativos demonstraram ser importantes para a construção de estratégias de enfrentamento e um espaço para o acolhimento de demandas que emergem nessa etapa do desenvolvimento.

This study aimed to present the results of a psychoeducational psychotherapy group developed with Nursing students. Six meetings were held with five students from a public university in the state of São Paulo. The meetings were audio-recorded, transcribed and submitted to a reflexive-thematic analysis. The results found allowed the construction of five thematic categories: (1) Challenges of adapting to higher education; (2) Conceptions about mental health at the university; (3) Self-care and balance between university and personal life; (4) Interpersonal relationships and university life; (5) Perspectives and expectations about training. The process of integration into the university requires cognitive, affective and social mobilization, and relationships with peers, teachers and family members were highlighted as important for this adaptation. The participants highlighted knowing the importance of mental health care, but also admitted difficulties in promoting self-care. The group space was used as a listening environment, bonding and self-care. Psychoeducational groups proved to be important for the construction of coping strategies and a space for the reception of emerging demands.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo presentar los resultados de un grupo de psicoterapia psicoeducativa desarrollado con estudiantes de Enfermería. Se realizaron seis reuniones con cinco estudiantes de una universidad pública del Estado de São Paulo. Las reuniones fueron grabadas en audio, transcritas y sometidas a un análisis temático-reflexivo. Los resultados encontrados permitieron la construcción de cinco categorías temáticas: (1) Desafíos de la adaptación a la educación superior; (2) Concepciones sobre la salud mental en la universidad; (3) Auto cuidado y conciliación de la vida universitaria y personal; (4) Relaciones interpersonales y vida universitaria; (5) Perspectivas y expectativas sobre la formación. El proceso de integración universitaria requiere de una movilización cognitiva, afectiva y social, y las relaciones con pares, docentes y familiares son importantes para la adaptación. Los participantes destacan conocer la importancia del cuidado de la salud mental, pero admiten que tienen dificultad para promover el auto cuidado. El espacio grupal fue utilizado como ambiente de escucha, vinculación y auto cuidado. Los grupos psicoeducativos demostraron ser importantes para la construcción de estrategias de afrontamiento y un espacio de recepción de demandas emergentes.