A cross-sectional study on AIDS-related knowledge and demands for health education among first-grade students of senior high schools in Tianjin / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#To understand the AIDS awareness and related factors as well as the demands for AIDS-related health education programs, among first-grade students from three senior high schools in Tianjin.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional study using both stratified cluster and convenient sampling methods was conducted. Anonymous questionnaires including social demographic characteristics, AIDS-related knowledge and needs for AIDS health education were distributed to the first-grade students from two general middle schools and one vocational senior middle school in Tianjin.@*Results@#A total of 1 082 students were responding to the questionnaires. Among them, the overall awareness rates of AIDS-related knowledge were 34.3%(371/1 082), 71.9%(778/1 082) of the students had received knowledge about AIDS and 59.4% (643/1 082) of the students had received knowledge about sexual health in the past, from the three schools. There appeared statistical differences among the two types of schools. 7.0% (76/1 082) of the students reported having had sexual behaviors. Results from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, in vocational senior middle school, the awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was lower (compared with general middle school, OR=0.41, 95%CI: 0.29-0.59) and in the following items, including no need in receiving safe sex health knowledge (compared with needs of safe sex health knowledge, OR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.43-0.91), no interests in reading AIDS-related health education materials (compared with attention to AIDS health education materials, OR=0.41, 95%CI: 0.30-0.56), not aware of safe sex behavior (compared with aware of safe sex behavior, OR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.39-0.77), not aware of correct condom use, compared with aware of correct condom use (OR=0.33, 95%CI: 0.24-0.46).@*Conclusions@#The overall awareness rate of AIDS knowledge was low among the first-grade students in Tianjin. Some students reported of already having had insertive sex, sexual health knowledge has a significant impact on AIDS knowledge, suggesting that sexual health education and AIDS health education among high school students be strengthened in Tianjin.

Dependência de internet: um estudo com jovens do último ano do ensino médio / Internet addiction: a study with young people in the last year of High school

Este artigo apresenta um estudo que objetivou identificar o grau de dependência de internet em jovens com idades entre 15 e 19 anos, do último ano do Ensino Médio, em escolas públicas estaduais, das cidades São Miguel do Oeste, Maravilha e Pinhalzinho, estado de Santa Catarina. O método adotado foi o quantitativo, com amostra não probabilística. Participaram 504 estudantes, por meio de questionário contendo o Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Identificou-se que 8,9% dos participantes apresentam dependência moderada e severa, com tempo de navegação diário elevado, principalmente nas redes sociais. A dependência de internet tende a não ser percebida, ou pode ser negada, ou, ainda, compreendida como normal por um percentual significativo dos jovens pesquisados, embora apresentem características psicopatológicas importantes, as quais não aparecem de modo isolado. A dependência de internet requer atenção científica por se constituir em um adoecimento que interfere na constituição da subjetividade e na dinâmica social.

This paper presents a study that aimed to identify the degree of internet addiction in young people aged 15-19 years studying the last year of high school, in public schools, in the cities São Miguel do Oeste, Maravilha and Pinhalzinho, in the state of Santa Catarina. This is a quantitative study with a non-probabilistic sample. The number of participants was 504, using a questionnaire containing the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). 8.9% of the participants experienced moderate and severe addiction, with high daily surfing time, especially in social networks. Internet addiction is not usually perceived, can be denied, or also understood as normal by a significant percentage of the young participants, even experiencing important psychopathological characteristics that do not appear in isolation. It was concluded that internet addiction requires scientific attention, as it is an illness that interferes with the constitution of subjectivity and the dynamics of social relations.

Educação física e seminários integrados no ensino médio politécnico do estado do Rio Grande do Sul / Physical education and seminars within the polytechnic high schools in the state of Rio Grande do Sul / Educación física y conferencias integradas en la educación secundaria politécnica de Rio Grande do Sul

Objetiva compreender como a Educação Física (EF) no Ensino Médio (EM) Politécnico doesta-do do RS está sendo desenvolvida nas escolas e de que maneira é contemplada nos Seminários Integrados (SI)1a partir de uma nova proposta pedagógica. Realizamos um estudo de caso em uma escola estadual durante dez meses. Os resultados foram organizados em três categorias ana-líticas e indicam a existência de uma real necessidade de compreensão da proposta por parte do corpo docente e a utilização da pesquisa como princípio pedagógico nos SI e nas aulas de EF2 (AU.

The present study aims at understanding how Physical Education (PE) in Polytechnic High Schools in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) is being developed in schools and how it is contemplated in the Integrated Seminars (IS). A ten-month Case Study was conducted in a school. The results were organized in three analytical categories and indicate the existence of a real need for understanding of the proposal by the teaching staff and the use of research as a pedagogical principlein SI and PE classes (AU).

Su objetivo es entender cómo se está desarrollando la Educación Física (EF) en las escuelas de Educación Secundaria (ES) Politécnicas de RS y cómo se contempla en las Conferencias Integradas (CI) a partir de una nueva Propuesta Pedagógica. Hemos llevado a cabo un Estudio de Caso en una escuela estadual durante 10 meses. Los resultados se organizaron en tres cate-gorías analíticas e indican la existencia de la necesidad real de entender la propuesta por parte de los docentes y el uso de la investigación como un principio de enseñanza en la CI y en las clases de EF (AU).

Pré-Iniciação Científica em Psicologia: Contribuição para a Formação Científica no Ensino Médio / Scientific Pre-Initiation in Psychology: Contribution to Scientific Education in High Schools / Pre-Iniciación Científica en Psicología: Contribución para la Formación Científica en la Educación Media

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar as relações entre participação política e enraizamento territorial entre moradores de um Quilombo do Vale do Ribeira (SP). Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida junto ao Programa de Pré-Iniciação Científica da Universidade de São Paulo, almejando que estudantes de escolas técnicas públicas daquela região desenvolvessem um projeto de pesquisa completo, de forma a contribuir com a sua formação científica. Durante o programa (que durou um ano), os alunos participaram de todas as etapas da pesquisa: desde a formulação inicial das questões investigadas até a apresentação da pesquisa às lideranças comunitárias, visitas à comunidade para realização de observações e entrevistas, interpretação dos dados colhidos e devolutiva dos dados à comunidade. Alunos e professores puderam refletir sobre as relações entre escola e comunidades tradicionais da região e obtiveram uma melhora significativa nas atividades pedagógicas. Conclui-se pelo valor formativo da inserção da Psicologia na grade curricular do Ensino Médio, tanto pelas possibilidades interdisciplinares que apresenta quanto por favorecer reflexões sobre a relação entre o indivíduo participante, sua escola e o entorno físico, social e cultural....(AU)

Abstract This article aimed to study the relationship between political participation and territorial rooting among residents of a Quilombo located at the Ribeira Valley area (SP). The project was carried out within the Scientific Pre-Initiation Program of the University of São Paulo, and aimed to facilitate students of technical education in public schools to develop a complete research project, thus contributing to their scientific studies. During the program (that lasted for 12 months), students participated in all stages of the research: from the initial formulation of the issues investigated to the presentation of the project to the community leaders, including community visits to perform observations and interviews, interpretation of the data collected, and a final visit to the community in order to present the research results. Students and teachers were able to reflect about the relationship between the school and traditional communities in the region and achieved a significant improvement in educational activities. We conclude that the inclusion of Psychology in the high school curriculum has a formative value, both for the interdisciplinary possibilities that it presents as for the reflections on the relationship between the participants, their school and their physical, social and cultural environment that it favors....(AU)

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo fue estudiar la relación entre la participación política y el arraigo territorial entre los residentes de un Quilombo ubicado en el área del Valle de Ribeira (Brasil, São Paulo). Este proyecto fue desarrollado dentro del Programa de Pre-Iniciación Científica de la Universidad de São Paulo, y tuvo por objeto facilitar a los estudiantes de escuelas públicas técnicas el desarrollo de un proyecto de investigación completo, contribuyendo así a sus estudios científicos. Durante el período del programa (que duró un año), los estudiantes participaron en todas las etapas de la investigación: desde la redacción de las cuestiones investigadas, hasta la presentación de la investigación a los líderes de la comunidad, incluyendo visitas a esta para realizar observaciones y entrevistas, así como la interpretación de los datos recogidos y la devolución de los resultados a la comunidad. Estudiantes y profesores fueron capaces de reflexionar sobre la relación entre escuela y comunidades tradicionales de la región, y han logrado una mejora significativa en las actividades educativas. Llegamos a la conclusión de que la introducción de Psicología en el currículo de las escuelas secundarias tiene un valor educativo, tanto por las posibilidades interdisciplinarias que presenta, como por el favorecimiento de la reflexión sobre la relación entre el individuo participante, su escuela y el entorno físico, social y cultural....(AU)

Riesgos de trastornos alimentarios en adolescentes del último año de la enseñanza media en institutos adventistas de argentina / Risks in eating behaviour disorders of teenagers in the last school year at argentine adventists academies

Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (anorexia nerviosa, bulimia nerviosa y trastorno alimentario no especificado) afectan principalmente a adolescentes. Es en este período donde se corren mayores riesgos de desarrollar estos tipos de trastornos que afectan sin importar la edad, sexo, creencia religiosa o nivel socio-económico. Objetivos: determinar cuáles son los riesgos de trastornos en conductas alimentarias en una población mixta del último año del secundario de institutos adventistas en Argentina. Pacientes y métodos: estudio de tipo descriptivo, transversal y retrospectivo. Se realizó a 432 alumnos del último año del secundario, 218 mujeres y 214 varones entre 15 y 20 años, pertenecientes a 18 institutos adventistas de Argentina. Se les aplicó el test EAT-26, y se les preguntó peso y talla para obtener el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Resultados: el 13,7% de la muestra total presentó riesgo de desarrollar algún tipo de trastorno de la conducta alimentaria, siendo el 11,34% en mujeres y el 2,31% en hombres. Conclusiones: se determinó que una proporción significativamente mayor de adolescentes mujeres presentó riesgo de padecer algún trastorno de la conducta alimentaria. No se encontró relación entre la creencia religiosa y su práctica con el riesgo de desarrollar algún tipo de trastorno alimentario. Las mayores preocupaciones que manifestaron los adolescentes fueron: querer estar más delgados, angustia por estar más gordos, pensamiento en las calorías que queman cuando realizan deporte y disgusto por probar nuevos y sabrosos platos.

Eating behavior disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervo-sa and eating disorder not otherwise specified) mainly affect teenagers. It is in this period of life where greater risk of deve-loping these types of disorders exists, affecting young people regardless of age, sex, creed or socio- economic level. Objectives: to identify risks in eating behavior disorders in a mixed population of senior students of Seventh-day Adven-tist schools in Argentina.Patients and methods: descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study. A sample population of 432 Academy senior students were tested, 218 women and 214 men bet-ween 15 and 20 years old, from 18 Seventh-day Adventist schools in Argentina. The EAT-26 test was applied, and they were asked about weight and height to obtain body mass index (BMI). Results: 13,7% of the total sample (11,34% women and 2,31% men) is at risk for some type of eating behavior disorders.Conclusions: it was determined that a significantly higher proportion of female teenagers presented some risk of eating behavior disorders. No relationship between religious belief and practice with the risk of developing some sort of eating disorder was found. Main concerns presented by these ado-lescents were wish to be thinner, anguish related to being fat, concern about the calories you burn when you do sports, and disgust to try new and tasty dishes.

Study on Smoking-related Health Knowledge and Attitudes and their Association with Smoking Behaviors among High School Students in Shanghai / 中国慢性病预防与控制

Objective To explore smoking -related health knowledge and attitudes and their association with smoking behaviors among high school students in Shanghai. Methods With stratified random sampling, 9239 students aged 11~20 years old from 57 high schools (19 from each of primary, secondary and professional schools) distributing in whole city were investigated with questionnaire which self -completed anonymously by the students. The contents of the questionnaire included smoking behavior, relation between smoking and health, and attitude to tobacco control policies. Results Of those 9 239 students, there were 19.5% (male 28.2%, female 10.2%) of them who ever smoked; the total mean score of their knowledge and attitude to smoking and health-related issues was 54.42?7.274 (the maximum was 65), and the ratio of total mean score and the maximum score was 0.8065, the highest ratio (0.9767) was found in awareness that smoking was harmful and the lowest (0.3825) in awareness of tobacco control rules and regulations. The scores of each smoking and health -related knowledge and attitude were decreased with increase of cigarette number smoked by students. Compared with other high schools, the lowest scores of each indexes and the highest rate of smoking were found in vocational schools. Conclusion It was found that the smoking behavior was related with their knowledge and attitude that smoking was harmful among high school students in Shanghai. And the tobacco control and intervention should be mainly developed in students of vocational schools.