Relationship of IL-6 and IL-8 levels with tubal ectopic pregnancy

Background: The frequency of ectopic pregnancy (EP) has increased worldwide during the last 30 years, particularly in underdeveloped countries with low early diagnostic rates. Ectopic pregnancy is the major cause of first-trimester deaths. Interleukins are immunomodulatory cytokines that modulate inflammatory responses and help humans conceive. Aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in tubal ectopic pregnancy.Methods: This case control research was undertaken in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Al-Emamein Al-Kadhemein Medical City/Baghdad from January 1, 2022 to January 1, 2023. The study analysed 30 patients with missed cycles, positive ?-HCG tests, vaginal bleeding, and ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy diagnosed via transvaginal ultrasound (group A) and 30 patients with intrauterine missed miscarriage (group B). The control group (group C) included 30 ladies with uncomplicated intrauterine pregnancies of matched gestational age.Results: Interleukin-6 was substantially greater in ectopic pregnancy than miscarriage and normal intrauterine pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage had higher levels of interleukin-8 than normal intrauterine pregnancy, but there was no difference. Interleukin-6 levels ?76.1 pg/ml were linked to 90% sensitivity and 85% specificity in predicting ectopic pregnancy. Interleukin-8 was neither sensitive nor specific for ectopic pregnancy.Conclusions: Measurement of IL-6 may have a predictive value in cases of ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy. IL-8 was a poor predictor for ectopic pregnancy.

Effects of Different Virulence Types of Helicobacter Pylori on Gastric Micro-environment / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To observe the effects of different virulence types of Helicobacter pylori on pepsin and inflammatory factors.Methods 110 patients admitted from December 2021 to March 2023 were collected and divided into HP positive group(n=79)and HP negative group(n=31)according to 13 carbon breath test results.The HP positive group was divided into type Ⅰ group(n=52),type Ⅱ group(n=11)and undetermined group(n=16)according to the Helicobacter pylori antibody typing.The HP negative group was selected and divided into blank control group(n=12).Gastric juice pH value,sodion(Na+),potassium(K+),chloridion(Cl-),IL-6,IL-8,gastrin 17(G-17),pepsinogen Ⅰ(PG Ⅰ)and pepsinogen Ⅱ(PG Ⅱ)were detected in all patients.Results Th-ere was no difference in pH,Na+,Cl-,K+ between Hp positive group and Hp negative group(P>0.05).The content of Cl-in HP-positive group was lower than that in HP-negative group(P<0.05).The levels of IL-6,IL-8,G-17,PG Ⅰ and PG Ⅱ in HP-positive group were significantly higher than those in HP-negative group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in pH,Na+ and K+ between type Ⅰ group and type Ⅱ group,undetermined group and blank control group(P>0.05).The content of Cl-in type Ⅰ group and undetermined group was lower than that in blank control group(P<0.05).The levels of IL-6,IL-8 and PG Ⅰ in type I group were higher than those in type Ⅱ group,undetermined group and blank control group(P<0.05).There was a significant difference in PG Ⅱ between the blank control group and the other groups(P<0.05).There was no difference in G-17 content between type Ⅰ group and undetermined group(P>0.05).The level of G-17 in type I group was higher than that in type Ⅱ group and blank control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Type I Hp infection may cause gastric mucosal injury by increasing the expression of IL-6,IL-8 and G-17,and then lead to abnormal digestive function.

Evaluation of some immunological markers in co-infection of COVID-19 with thrush candidiasis

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: COVID-19 infection poses significant risks, including life-threatening consequences and fungus synchronization, making it a significant concern. This study seeks to assess the effect of concurrent infection of COVID-19 with Thrush Candida albicans on the patient's health state by measuring the proportion of immune cells and certain interleukins such as IL-8, -10, -17, and -33. METHODS: The study involved 70 patients (30 patients with COVID-19, 17 patients with thrush candidiasis, and 23 patients with Thrush Candida albicans) and 50 healthy individuals as a control group. COVID-19 was identified using RT-PCR, while C. albicans were identified through culture media, biochemical testing, and oral swabs. Ruby equipment and ELISA kits were used for blood counts and interleukin detection. RESULTS: COVID-19, thrush candidiasis, and Thrush Candida albicans infections occur in a wide range of age groups (4-80 years), with no significant differences between sexes (p>0.05). Immunologically, our study found that Thrush Candida albicans patients had the highest rate of neutrophils (89.6%) and basophils (2.01%), while corona patients had the highest percentage of lymphocytes (70.12%) and eosinophils (7.11%), and patients with thrush candidiasis had the highest percentage of monocytes. Thrush Candida albicans patients showed increased IL-8 (56.7 pg/mL) and IL-17 (101.1 pg/mL) concentrations, with the greatest concentration of IL-33 (200.5 pg/mL) in COVID-19, and a decrease in the level of IL-10 in patient groups compared with controls. CONCLUSION: Patient groups showed increased neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and IL-8 levels, with a significant linear association between proinflammatory interleukins and these cells.

Clinical significance of serum microRNA-146a and inflammatory factors in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia after azithromycin treatment

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of serum microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia after azithromycin treatment. microRNA-146a is known to regulate inflammatory responses, and excessive inflammation is a primary characteristic of MPP. Methods Children with MPP received conventional symptomatic therapy along with intravenous administration of azithromycin for one week. Serum levels of microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors were measured using RT-qPCR and ELISA kits, respectively. The correlation between microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors was analyzed by the Pearson method. Pulmonary function indexes were assessed using a pulmonary function analyzer, and their correlation with microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors after treatment was evaluated. Children with MPP were divided into effective and ineffective treatment groups, and the clinical significance of microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic multivariate regression analysis. Results Serum microRNA-146a was downregulated in children with MPP but upregulated after azithromycin treatment, contrasting with the trend observed for pro-inflammatory factors. MicroRNA-146a showed a negative correlation with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Pulmonary function parameters were initially reduced in children with MPP, but increased after treatment, showing positive/inverse associations with microRNA-146a and pro-inflammatory factors. Higher microRNA-146a and lower pro-inflammatory factors predicted better efficacy of azithromycin treatment. MicroRNA-146a, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and forced expiratory volume in the first second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) were identified as independent factors influencing treatment efficacy. Conclusion Azithromycin treatment in children with MPP upregulates microRNA-146a, downregulates pro-inflammatory factors, and effectively improves pulmonary function.

Evaluation of screening efficacy of IL6, IL8, CRP and salivary progesterone in predicting preterm pregnancy

Background: According to WHO preterm birth defined as births occurring before completion of 37 weeks, in a pregnancy beyond 20 weeks of gestation. As reported by W.H. O preterm birth has incidence of about 9.6% of all the live births, preterm births have high neonatal morbidity and mortality. In this review we look at association between CRP, IL6, IL8 and salivary progesterone in predicting the preterm delivery.Methods: A hospital based prospective study to be conducted in a group of 100 women of 20- 24 weeks of gestation, they were analysed for IL6, IL8, CRP and salivary progesterone and followed them till delivery.Results: On assessment of the biomarkers to predict the preterm and term pregnancy, we assessed for the blood level of CRP, IL6, IL8 and salivary progesterone among the pregnant women at 20-24 weeks of gestation and followed till the pregnancy outcomes. Among which 46% were with preterm pregnancy and 54% with term pregnancy during delivery. Among them, 20% had the previous preterm pregnancy and 80% were not. We found 70% with normal vaginal delivery, 24% with emergency LSCS and 6% with elective LSCS.Conclusions: The present study documented the significant higher efficacy of IL6, IL8, CRP and salivary progesterone in predicting the preterm pregnancy. Progesterone levels in the saliva was markedly lower among the pregnancy with preterm delivery compared to term delivery outcome. The fetal outcome among the preterm delivery was significantly with morbidity and mortality compared to term delivery. The ROC curve showed the estimation of IL6, IL8, CRP and salivary progesterone at 20-24 weeks of gestation can predict the outcome of preterm pregnancy.

Evaluation of Salivary IL?8 and Calcium Levels in Postmenopausal Females with and without Periodontitis—A Comparative Study

Background and Objective: Menopause is a normal developmental stage in a woman’s life marking the permanent cessation of menstruation. Calcium is predominant in intracellular signalling and its intracellular increase can affect the cell’s proliferation, phagocytosis and cytokine secretion. IL?8 expression in various cells such as neutrophils and osteoblasts was reported to involve a calcium signalling pathway. Well?known functions of IL?8 includes help in angiogenesis, role in tumour progression, tissue remodelling, etc., Hence, the aim of this study was to establish the relationship between calcium?dependent IL?8 and periodontal disease in postmenopausal females. Method: The study population included 52 postmenopausal women aged 45–57 years. The patients were divided into two groups in which group I included postmenopausal women without periodontitis and group II with periodontitis. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected from all the participants to evaluate IL?8 and calcium levels. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in salivary IL?8 levels between the two groups (P < 0.001), but there was no statistical difference in salivary calcium levels between the two groups (P = 0.730). A weak negative correlation between salivary IL?8 and calcium was found in group I, while a weak positive correlation was found between the same in group II. Conclusion: Analysis of salivary IL?8 from the present study was in accordance with several previous studies. It can be concluded that saliva can also be used as a reliable oral diagnostic fluid for IL?8 and calcium detection in periodontitis.

Construction of THP-1 cell line with GPR108 gene deletion by CRISPR / Cas9 system and exploration of its function / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective@#To establish a Tohoku hospital pediatrics-1 (THP-1) cell line with G protein-coupled recep- tor108 ( GPR108) deletion and explore its functions．@*Methods@#According to the requirements of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats ( CRISPR) / CRISPR-associated protein 9 ( Cas9 ) system ，two single guide RNAs (sgRNA1 and sgRNA2) paring to the flanking fragments of human GPR108 gene were designed and synthesized．The two oligonucleotides were inserted in the pL-CRISPR. EFS．GFP vector to generate the new recombinant vectors ( pL-CRISPR. EFS．GFP-sgRNA1 and pL-CRISPR. EFS．GFP-sgRNA2 ) ．The recombinant vectors and packaging plasmids (pMD2. G and psPAX2) ，were co-transfected into 293T cells to generate virus for infecting THP-1 cells．The GFP + cells were screened and isolated in 96-well culture plates by flow cytometry to obtain single-cell clones．PCR and Western blot were used to detect whether GPR108 was successfully knocked out in THP- 1 cells．Both GPR108 + / + and GPR108 －/ － THP-1 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ．Interleukin 8 (IL-8) derived from the THP-1 cells，which were treated by LPS，was detected with Western blot and cytometric bead array ( CBA) analysis. @*Results@#The recombinant lentiviral vector pL-CRISPR. EFS．GFP-sgRNA was successfully constructed and single-cell clone F9 was obtained by flow cytometric sorting after transfection of THP-1 cells．PCR and Western blot both confirmed that F9 was a GPR108 －/ － THP-1 single-cell clone． LPS stimulated GPR108 －/ － and GPR108 + / + THP-1 cells，both Western blot and CBA results showed a significant decrease in IL- 8 synthesis and secretion in GPR108 －/ － THP-1 cells．@*Conclusion @#The GPR108 －/ － THP-1 cell clone is success- fully obtained based on the CRISPR / Cas9 system．GPR108 deletion in THP-1 cells treated by LPS leads to a decrease of IL-8 expression and secretion．It lays the foundation for further research on the molecular mechanisms of GPR108 in the immune inflammatory response.

Levels of IL-8 and IL-12p70 in the aqueous humor of patients with primary acute angle-closure glaucoma and its clinical significance / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To measure the levels of IL-8 and IL-12p70 in the aqueous humor of patients with primary acute angle-closure glaucoma(AACG)and age-related cataract(ARC), and to investigate the clinical significance.<p>METHODS:Totally 29 eyes of 29 AACG patients, and 17 eyes of 17 ARC patients were enrolled in the study from October 2019 to December 2020. The levels of IL-8 and IL-12p70 were measured in the aqueous humor using Cytometric Beads Array. The clinical information was recorded in the same time for the correlation.<p>RESULTS:The level of IL-8 in AACG group was statistically elevated compared with the control group(Z= -5.384, P<0.05). However the IL-12p70 level did not differ in AACG group compared with ARC group(Z= -1.587, P=0.112). The IL-8 level was positively correlated with the duration of acute attack(rs=0.387, P=0.038). The concentrations of IL-8 and IL-12p70 in the filtration surgery group were significantly increased than that of the non-filtration surgery group(P<0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: The level of the inflammatory factor IL-8 in the aqueous humor of patients with AACG was significantly elevated. With the progression of the disease, the concentration of the immune-related factor IL-12p70 increased differentially. Both inflammation and immunity may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AACG.

IL-8 of the eye in diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and Meta-analysis / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To determine the relationship between interleukin-8(IL-8)levels in aqueous ocular samples and diabetic retinopathy(DR)through systematic evaluation and Meta-analysis. <p>METHODS: The PubMed, Embase and Web of Science database were searched from January 2010 to June 2021. A random effects model was used to combine the results, and the sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the stability and reliability of the arithmetic results, and subgroup analysis was used to identify possible sources of heterogeneity. <p>RESULTS: A total of 25 case-control studies were included. IL-8 levels in patients with DR were significantly higher than those in patients without DR(<i>SMD</i>: 1.57, 95%<i>CI</i>: 1.19-1.95, <i>P</i><0.01). Sensitivity analysis shows that the calculation results of random effects are stable and reliable. Subgroup analysis based on test method, region, sample source, and type of DR showed that the choice of these factors greatly influenced the relationship between IL-8 levels and patients with DR. Among them, the samples from Bead-based multivariate analysis(<i>I</i> 2=18%, <i>P</i>=0.27), Europe(<i>I</i> 2=38%, <i>P</i>=0.17)and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)(<i>I</i> 2=0%, <i>P</i>=0.49)showed good consistency. ELISA, American, Asian, vitreous fluid, proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)and other factors may increase the effect size.<p>CONCLUSION: Elevated IL-8 levels in aqueous eye solution are associated with the risk of DR, and IL-8 may serve as a potential predictor or therapeutic target for DR.

Clinical efficacy of Conbercept combined with different treatment modalities in patients with neovascular glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To investigate the impact of intravitreal conbercept injection on the aqueous humor levels of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-8(IL-8)in patients diagnosed with neovascular glaucoma(NVG), and to evaluate the efficacy of conbercept in combination with different surgical modalities.<p>METHODS: This study was conducted as a retrospective, case series investigation. A total of 102 patients(102 eyes)diagnosed with NVG from Jan. 2019 to Feb. 2020 were enrolled and randomized to trabeculectomy group(50 eyes of 50 cases)or EX-PRESS drain implantation group(52 eyes of 52 cases)3-5d after conbercept injections. The concentrations of VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8 in aqueous humor were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The therapeutic efficacies of different surgical modalities were evaluated and compared by status of iris neovascularization, changes in postoperative intraocular pressure(IOP), improvement of visual acuity and incidence of complications.<p>RESULTS:Decreases in aqueous humor concentrations of VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8 were observed at 3-5d after treatment of conbercept(all <i>P</i><0.05). At 1, 3d, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after surgery, the IOP levels of patients in both groups were significantly reduced compared to those before surgery(all <i>P</i><0.05), and there was a statistically significant difference in IOP between the two groups at 3, 6, and 12mo postoperatively(all <i>P</i><0.05). At 6 and 12mo after surgery, patients treated with EX-PRESS drain implantation showed better visual acuity compared to patients treated with trabeculectomy(all <i>P</i><0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in types and dosages of anti-glaucoma drugs administered to patients in different groups. At 12mo follow-up, success rate of surgery in the EX-PRESS drain implantation group(86.5%)was higher than that in the trabeculectomy group(70.0%), along with remarkably lower incidence rate of complications compared to that of the trabeculectomy group(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: The intravitreal injection of conbercept could down-regulate aqueous humor concentrations of VEGF, IL-6 and IL-8. Both of trabeculectomy and EX-PRESS drain implantation could reduce IOP in NVG patients, but the latter procedure had fewer incidence of complications and was more advantageous in improving visual acuity.

Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2 controls M2 macrophages polarization to promote esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression

Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygnease 2 (TDO2) is specific for metabolizing tryptophan to kynurenine (KYN), which plays a critical role in mediating immune escape of cancer. Although accumulating evidence demonstrates that TDO2 overexpression is implicated in the development and progression of multiple cancers, its tumor-promoting role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Here, we observed that TDO2 was overexpressed in ESCC tissues and correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis, advanced clinical stage, and unfavorable prognosis. Functional experiments showed that TDO2 promoted tumor cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation, which could be prevented by inhibition of TDO2 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Further experimentation demonstrated that TDO2 could promote the tumor growth of KYSE150 tumor-bearing model, tumor burden of C57BL/6 mice with ESCC induced by 4-NQO, enhance the expression of phosphorylated AKT, with subsequent phosphorylation of GSK3

In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory And Hepatoprotective Activity Of Turmesac®

Objective: In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective activity of Turmesac® on Human liver cells (HepG2 cell line) and anti-inflammatory effect on Murine macrophages (Raw 264.7 cell line) by flow Cytometry. Methods: Cell viability of HepG2 and Raw 264.7 cells determined by the MTT [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide] assay to identify a non-cytotoxic concentration of Turmesac® for the respective cell lines after 24 h exposure period. Further hepatoprotective effect of Turmesac® was performed in H2O2 treated liver cells using H2DCF-DA staining by flow cytometry. The anti-inflammatory potency of Turmesac® was evaluated in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS 2µg/ml) stimulated Murine Raw 264.7 macrophages by measuring the relative fluorescence intensity of 2 cytokines, Interleukin-8(IL-8) and (Interleukin-12) IL-12 by flow cytometric analysis. Results: Turmesac® concentrations of less than 50μg/ml did not show significant cytotoxicity on both HepG2 and Raw 264.7, cell lines following the treatment period of 24 h and selected 50μg/ml as the optimum concentration for hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory models. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) study revealed that Turmesac® (50μg/ml) effectively suppressed the H2DCF-DA expression in HepG2 cells. Secondly, Turmesac® significantly suppressed the anti-inflammatory cytokine expressions of IL-8 and IL-12 in LPS pre-stimulated cells categorising as a potentially potent anti-inflammatory drug. The mean fluorescence intensity percentage of IL-8 is control 8.86, LPS 50.49, Turmesac® 19.63 and IL12 is control 10.41, LPS 68.94, and Turmesac® 15.79 respectively. Conclusion: This study highlighted that Turmesac® could be considered as a promising hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory compound and a therapeutic agent in curing liver-related and inflammation-related diseases.

Diagnostic value of combined detection of multiple serum cytokines for gastric adenocarcinoma / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[Abstract] Objective:To explore the clinical significance of multiple serumcytokines in early diagnosis and progression assessment of gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods: Peripheral blood samples of 85 healthy subjects (healthy control group) and 81 patients with pathologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma (gastric cancer group) were collected from November 2017 to February 2018 at Shanxi Cancer Hospital. Serum levels of 17 cytokines (including IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-15, IL-17A, TNF-α, TNF-β, GM-CSF, G-CSF, IFN-γ, IP-10, MCP-1 andVEGF-A) were measured byAimPlex multiplex assay technology.Their diagnostic values were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Serum levels of IL-10, IL-8, IL-6, IP-10, MCP-1, VEGF-Aand IL-12p70 were significantly higher in gastric cancer patients than those in healthy controls (all P<0.01). There were significantly increasedlevelsofIL-8,IL-6and VEGF-Ain advanced-stage gastriccancer(stageI/II)groupoverearly-stage gastric cancer (stage III/IV) group (all P<0.01).AUC (areas under the curve) of IL-8, IL-6, IL-10, IP-10, MCP-1, IL-12p70 and VEGF-Afor distinguishing early-stage gastric cancer patientsfromhealthy controls was0.98,0.92,0.89,0.84,0.76,0.74 and 0.58, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity of IL-8, IL-6 and IL-10 was 97.4%, 89.5% and 97.4%, respectively, and the specificity was 87.1%, 85.9%and 77.6%, respectively.TheAUCof IL-8, IL-6 andVEGF-Afor distinguishing advanced-stage gastric cancer patients from early-stage gastric cancer patients was 0.82, 0.72 and 0.69, respectively. Thediagnosticsensitivity of IL-8, IL-6 and VEGF-A was 83.7%, 60.5% and 41.9%, respectively, and the specificity was71.1%,76.3%and 92.1%, respectively. Conclusion: ThecombineddetectionofserumIL-8,IL-6andIL-10 may be a potential approach for early screening of gastric adenocarcinoma, which canalsobeusedtoassessthe progression of gastric adenocarcinoma.

High expression of ENA-78 in lymphatic epithelial cells associated with cholangiocarcinoma promotes lymphangiogenesis / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveLymphatic epithelial cells (LECs) are important links involved in lymphatic metastasis in the microenvironment of cholangiocarcinoma. This study aims to detect the modulation of inflammatory factors and chemokines secreted by LECs after stimulation of cholangiocarcinoma cells, and observe the effects of highly expressed factors on lymphangiogenesis.MethodsThe culture medium of cholangiocarcinoma (RBE, HCCC9810), LECs stimulated by cholangiocarcinoma cell culture medium (CCM), and normal LECs were prepared. Inflammatory factors and chemokines in the culture medium were detected using protein chip. The experiments are divided into the following groups, including a blank control group, CCM group, CCM coupled with Anti-ENA-78 group, Anti-ENA-78 group, ENA-78 group, ENA-78 coupled with SB2252002, and SB225002 group. The relationship between the content of factor and time was investigated using ELISA, while the relation between target factors and lymphangiogenesis obtained by cell proliferation and tubule formation assay.ResultsWe found ENA-78, IP-10, GCP-2, MCP-2, MCP-3, MIP-3a, HCC-1, and Lymphotactin expression increased in LECs supernatant after CCM stimulation. However, I-TAC, MIP-1d, IL-10, MIG, PDGF-BB, and CXCL16 factors showed down-regulation. The secretion of ENA-78 in CCM was relatively low. By ELISA, we found that the ENA-78 protein in RBE-LECs and HCCC9810-LECs gradually increased over time, and reached the plateau phase at the point of 48h. The lymphatic tube forming ability of LECs cultured in CCM was significantly increased compared with that of the control group, and this ability could be partially weakened by ENA-78 neutralizing antibodies. In the exogenous ENA-78 protein group, the lymphatic tube formation ability was as well significantly increased compared with that in the control group, and this ability could be effectively blocked by the IL-8B inhibitor.ConclusionThe increased secretion ENA-78 of lymphatic epithelial cells induced by cholangiocarcinoma may play a role in promoting lymphangiogenesis through the IL-8B receptor.

High expression of ENA-78 in lymphatic epithelial cells associated with cholangiocarcinoma promotes lymphangiogenesis / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveLymphatic epithelial cells (LECs) are important links involved in lymphatic metastasis in the microenvironment of cholangiocarcinoma. This study aims to detect the modulation of inflammatory factors and chemokines secreted by LECs after stimulation of cholangiocarcinoma cells, and observe the effects of highly expressed factors on lymphangiogenesis.MethodsThe culture medium of cholangiocarcinoma (RBE, HCCC9810), LECs stimulated by cholangiocarcinoma cell culture medium (CCM), and normal LECs were prepared. Inflammatory factors and chemokines in the culture medium were detected using protein chip. The experiments are divided into the following groups, including a blank control group, CCM group, CCM coupled with Anti-ENA-78 group, Anti-ENA-78 group, ENA-78 group, ENA-78 coupled with SB2252002, and SB225002 group. The relationship between the content of factor and time was investigated using ELISA, while the relation between target factors and lymphangiogenesis obtained by cell proliferation and tubule formation assay.ResultsWe found ENA-78, IP-10, GCP-2, MCP-2, MCP-3, MIP-3a, HCC-1, and Lymphotactin expression increased in LECs supernatant after CCM stimulation. However, I-TAC, MIP-1d, IL-10, MIG, PDGF-BB, and CXCL16 factors showed down-regulation. The secretion of ENA-78 in CCM was relatively low. By ELISA, we found that the ENA-78 protein in RBE-LECs and HCCC9810-LECs gradually increased over time, and reached the plateau phase at the point of 48h. The lymphatic tube forming ability of LECs cultured in CCM was significantly increased compared with that of the control group, and this ability could be partially weakened by ENA-78 neutralizing antibodies. In the exogenous ENA-78 protein group, the lymphatic tube formation ability was as well significantly increased compared with that in the control group, and this ability could be effectively blocked by the IL-8B inhibitor.ConclusionThe increased secretion ENA-78 of lymphatic epithelial cells induced by cholangiocarcinoma may play a role in promoting lymphangiogenesis through the IL-8B receptor.

Clinical Efficacy of Modified Qingqi Huatan Wan in Treatment of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Syndrome of Phlegm-heat Obstructing Lung and Effect on Serum TNF-α, IL-8 and MMP-9 / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of modified Qingqi Huatan Wan in treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing lung) and investigate its effects on serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-8(IL-8) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9).Method: Sixty-four patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) were randomly divided into control group (32 cases) and treatment group (32 cases) by random number table.The control group was treated with routine western medicine therapy according to the guidance and disease conditions.Based on treatment in control group,patients in treatment group also received modified Qingqi Huatan Wan.The treatment course was 14 days for both groups.The scores of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment test (CAT),and modified version of the British Medical Research Council's Respiratory Questionnaire (mMRC),pulmonary function,blood gas analysis indicators,levels of serum TNF-α,IL-8 and MMP-9,clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated and compared once before treatment and 14 d after treatment.Result: The total clinical effective rate was 96.67% in treatment group,higher than 76.67% in control group (χ2=5.192,PPP1),percent of FEV1 in predicted value (FEV1%),and ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) were increased in both groups after treatment (PP2) and partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) were increased in both groups,while partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) was decreased (P2 and PaO2 in treatment group were higher than those in control group,while PaCO2 was lower than that in control group (Pα,IL-8 and MMP-9 were decreased in both groups (PPConclusion: Modified Qingqi Huatan Wan can control the symptoms safely and ameliorate pulmonary function,reduce the levels of serum TNF-α,IL-8,MMP-9 and inflammation in treatment of AECOPD.

Diterpenoids as PPARγ agonists from Siegesbeckia pubescens and their anti-inflammatory effects in vitro / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to investigate the PPARγ agonists isolated from the aqueous extract of Siegesbeckia pubescens( SPA) and their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. The 293 T cells transfected transiently with PPARγ recombinant plasmid were used as a screening model to guide the isolation of PPARγ activitating components,and then PPARγ activities were measured by double luciferase reporter gene assay. The chemical structures were identified by chromatography or spectroscopic techniques. Furthermore,a UC inflammatory model in vitro was established on HT-29 cells by stimulating with TNF-α． The mRNA levels and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines on HT-29 cells,such as IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-8,were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA. The results showed that five diterpenoids were obtained from the fraction D_(50) with the strongest PPARγ activity among others in SPA,and determined as kirenol( 1),darutigenol( 2),enantiomeric-2-ketone-15,16,19-three hydroxypinomane-8( 14)-ene-19-O-β-D-glucoside( 3),darutoside( 4),enantiomeric-2-β,15,16,19-four hydroxypinomane-8( 14)-ene-19-O-β-D-glucoside( 5),respectively. All the compounds exhibited active effects on PPARγ in a concentration-dependent manner( P<0. 01). In addition,compound 1 significantly inhibited the expression of IL-1β mRNA and secretion of IL-8 on HT-29 cells inflammation model( P<0. 001); both compounds 2 and 3 effectively inhibited the expression of IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-8 mRNA and secretion of IL-8( P<0. 01 or P<0. 001),although at different extent; compound 4 significantly inhibited the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA( P<0. 01 or P<0. 001),while compound 5 inhibited the expression of IL-1β mRNA obviously( P<0. 001). In conclusion,the diterpenoids 1-5 isolated from S. pubescens have the PPARγ activation activities and potential effects of anti-UC in vitro.

The effects of IL-8-activated tumor-associated macrophages on hepatocellular carcino-ma invasion and metastasis / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To study the effects of IL-8 on the polarization of monocytes and the effects of IL-8-induced tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)on the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:After exogenous IL-8 stimulation of THP-1 cells for 72h,the percentages of M1 and M2 TAMs were examined.RT-PCR and Western blot assays were used to study epitheli-al-mesenchymal transition(EMT),and wound-healing and transwell assays were preformed to study the invasion potential of HCC cells after co-culturing with TAMs and HCC cell lines in vitro.Lastly,100 cases of HCC tissue samples were used to validate the correlation among TAM numbers,IL-8,and EMT features of HCC cells via immunohistochemistry(IHC)staining methods.Results:Exogenous IL-8 induced significant M2 polarization of TAMs in THP-1 cells.TAMs further promoted EMT in HCC and enhanced the invasion potential of HCC in vitro.Finally,significant positive correlations among the numbers of TAMs,IL-8 expression,and N-cadherin expression were identified in primary HCC tissue samples(r=0.22,r=0.20,P<0.05).Conclusions:IL-8 locally attracted and activated TAMs,and promot-ed M2 polarization of TAMs,which further promoted the EMT and invasion potential of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo.

IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α expression levels in serum and aqueous humor in patients with neovascular glaucoma and their significance / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To detect IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α expression levels in serum and aqueous humor of patients with neovascular glaucoma(NVG)and explore the significance. <p>METHODS:A prospective case analysis method was applied to include patients with neovascular glaucoma in 38 cases(38 eyes), and according to grading criteria of iris neovascularization, they were divided into grade Ⅱ with 8 eyes, grade Ⅲ with 19 eyes, grade Ⅳ with 11 eyes. Thirty-one patients(31 eyes)with primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)and 33 patients(33 eyes)with age related cataract were selected as the control. IOP level was detected preoperatively, and venous blood and aqueous humor samples of patients were selected, and IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α contents in serum and humor were detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). <p>RESULTS:IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels in serum and aqueous humor of NVG group were significantly higher than those in POAG group and cataract group(<i>P</i><0.05). IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels in serum and aqueous humor of POAG group were significantly higher than those in cataract group(<i>P</i><0.05). IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels in serum and aqueous humor of grade ⅣNVG group were significantly higher than those of patients with grade Ⅲ(<i>P</i><0.05). IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels in serum and aqueous humor of patients with grade Ⅲ were significantly higher than those of grade Ⅱ(<i>P</i><0.05). IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels in serum and aqueous humor of NVG patients were positively correlated with IOP(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α are highly-expressed in serum and aqueous humor of NVG patients. It may be involved in iris neovascularization and intraocular pressure elevation.

Effects of electroacupuncture on inflammatory response of cardiac muscle tissue in mice with acute myocardial ischemia / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on inflammatory reaction of acute myocardial ischemia (MI) in mice, and to explore its action mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group, a sham operation group, a model group and an EA group, 10 mice in each one. The model was established in the model group and EA group by ligating the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery. The mice in the EA group were treated with EA at "Neiguan" (PC 6) with 2 mA of intensity and 2 Hz /100 Hz of frequency; EA was given 30 min per treatment, once a day for totally 5 days. The mice in the control group and model group were treated with immobilization and no EA was given. The mice in the sham operation group were not treated with ligating at the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery, but the remaining procedure was identical to the model group. The electrocardiogram was recorded and △ST was calculated to evaluate the model. TTC and HE staining methods were applied to evaluate the infarct size and pathologic change of myocardial tissue, respectively. Western blot method was applied to test the protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-8 (IL-8).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the sham operation group, the S-T segments in the model group and EA group were increased obviously after modeling (both <0.01), indicating the MI model was established successfully. The TTC and HE staining results indicated, compared with the sham operation group, the model group had larger infarction size (<0.01), more myocardial fibers injury and inflammatory infiltration; compared with the model group, the infarction size of the EA group was significantly reduced (<0.01), and the myocardial fibers injury and inflammatory infiltration were improved. Compared with the control group, the protein expression levels in the sham operation group were similar (all >0.05); compared with the sham operation group, the expression levels of TNF-α, NF-κB p65, IL-1β and IL-8 were significantly increased in the model group (<0.01, <0.05); compared with the model group, the expression levels of TNF-α, NF-κB p65, IL-1β and IL-8 were significantly reduced in the EA group (all <0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EA might reduce the protein expression levels of TNF-α, NF-κB p65, IL-1β and IL-8 in cardiac muscle tissue to inhibit inflammatory reaction and achieve myocardial protective effect in mice with acute myocardial ischemia.</p>