CBCT analysis of the relative position between maxillary central incisors and alveolar bone in Southern Chinese adults / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#Exploring the position and bone wall thickness characteristics of the maxillary central incisors in Southern Chinese adults to provide a clinical reference for the design of immediate maxillary central incisor implantation surgery.@*Methods@#The hospital ethics committee approved the study, and the patients provided informed consent. CBCT images of 990 adult patients (aged 20-79 years) from the Stomatology Hospital (January 2018 to December 2021) were categorized based on the dental arch form and age-sex groups. Sagittal CBCT images of the maxillary central incisors were used to measure the labial and palatal bone thickness wall at 4 mm the CEJ to apical, the middle of the root, and the angle between the tooth long axis and the long axis of the alveolar process, to compare the thickness of the labial and palatal bone walls in samples of male and female patients, and to explore the relationship between the angle between the tooth long axis and the alveolar process long axis in samples of male and female patients in different age groups (20-39 years; 40-59 years; 60-79 years).@*Results@#Significant differences were found in the labiopalatine side of the alveolar bone of the maxillary incisor root position. A total of 95.8% (948/990) of the maxillary incisors were positioned more buccally, 4.1% (41/990) were positioned more midway, and 0.1% (1/990) were positioned more palatally. The thicknesses of the bone wall at the CEJ of 4 mm below the palatal side, the middle of the root, and at the apex were greater (1.82 ± 0.56 mm, 3.20 ± 1.10 mm, and 7.70 ± 2.00 mm, respectively) than those at the labial side (1.21 ± 0.32 mm, 0.89 ± 0.35 mm, and 1.86 ± 0.82 mm, respectively), with statistical significance (P<0.05). Male bone wall thickness was generally greater than female bone wall thickness (P<0.05). The angle between the long axis of male teeth and the alveolar bone was 14.77° ± 5.66°, while that of female teeth was 12.80° ± 5.70°, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The angle between the long axis of teeth and the alveolar bone in the 40-59-year-old group and the 60-79-year-old group was greater than that in the 20-39-year-old group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#A total of 95.8% of adults in South China have maxillary central incisors with root deviation toward the labial bone cortex. The thickness of the labial bone wall is much thinner than that of the labial bone wall, which is the middle of the thickness of the root. In Southern Chinese adults, the angle between the upper central incisor and the long axis of the alveolar bone in males is greater than that in females, and the degree of the angle increases with age. It is recommended to pay attention to the thickness of the bone wall around the root and the angle between the teeth before immediate implantation surgery to choose a reasonable implantation plan.

Application of socket-shield technique for immediate implant placement and provisionalization in esthetic zone: a case report and literature review / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To investigate the effect of the socket-shield technique (SST) concurrent with immediate implant placement and provisionalization (IIPP) in the aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth.@*Methods@#A case of maxillary anterior tooth stumps with a thin labial bone wall was treated with SST for preservation of labial soft and hard tissue fullness, combined with an immediate implant placement and immediate provisional crown for restoring the shape of the tooth and gingival molding@*Results@#Immediate implant placement and provisionalization restored the morphology and function of the affected tooth in the shortest possible time. The patient's labial soft and hard tissue contours in the affected tooth area were well preserved in the 18-month follow-up after the application of the SST, which presented a better aesthetic result. The literature review indicates that the indications for SST are unrestorable maxillary anterior teeth, whose dental, periodontal and periapical tissues are healthy and intact. In the esthetic zone, root shielding is effective in maintaining the soft and hard tissue contour on the labial side of the implant. However, there is no consensus on the technical details of SST, such as the ideal coronal height and thickness of the shield, and the management of the gap between the shield and the implant. Thus, more clinical studies and histologic evidence are needed to provide a reference for clinical decision-making. In addition, digital technology can improve the accuracy of implant placement and shield preparation.@*Conclusion@#The correct application of SST combined with IIPP in the esthetic zone can ensure esthetic results. However, more high-quality evidence-based medical evidence is needed for its long-term efficacy, and indications should be strictly controlled during clinical application.

"Brain-inspired intelligence" in dental implant decision-making / 口腔疾病防治

@#At present, implant surgery robots have basically achieved "surgical intelligence", but "brain-inspired intelligence" of robots is still in the stage of theory and exploration. The formulation of a clinical implantation plan depends on the timing of implantation, implantation area, bone condition, surgical procedure, patient factors, etc., which need to evaluate the corresponding clinical decision indicators and clinical pathways. Inspired by evidence-based medicine and the potential of big data and deep learning, combined with the data characteristics of clinical decision indicators and clinical pathways that can be quantitatively or qualitatively analyzed, this review simulates the cognitive behavior and neural mechanisms of the human brain and proposes a feasible brain-inspired intelligence scheme by predicting the decision indices and executing clinical pathways intelligently, that is, "select clinical indicators and clarify clinical pathways -- construct database -- use deep learning to intelligently predict decision indicators -- intelligent execution of clinical pathways -- brain-inspired intelligence of implant decision-making". Combined with the previous research results of our team, this review also describes the process of realization of brain-inspired intelligence for immediate implant timing decisions, providing an example of the comprehensive realization of brain-inspired intelligence of implant surgery robots in the future. In the future, how to excavate and summarize other clinical decision factors and select the best way to realize the automatic prediction of evidence-based clinical indicators and pathways and finally realize the complete intellectualization of clinical diagnosis and treatment processes will be one of the directions that dental clinicians need to strive for.

Clinical efficacy of simple taper retentive implants in immediate posterior dental implantation for 5-7 years / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#This study aimed to evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of simple taper retentive implants in the posterior dental area after immediate implantation for 5-7 years.@*METHODS@#Selected from January 2015 to December 2017 in the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University dental clinic line tooth area immediately after the implant prosthesis, a total of 38 patients, 53 implants, were deep into (bone under 2 mm or higher) and the upper structure was repaired. In addition, after the completion of tracking observation of 60-90 months, the implant surrounding bone health was recorded and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#After 5-7 years of follow-up, 1 of the 53 implants failed to fall out, and the implant retention rate was 98.1%. The amount of bone resorption in the proximal and distal margins 5-7 years after implant restoration was (0.16±0.94) mm and (-0.01±1.29) mm, respectively, and the difference in bone height between the proximal and distal margins of the implant and the immediate post-restoration period was not statistically significant (P>0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the effects of periodontitis, implant site inflammation, and smoking on peri-implant marginal bone resorption (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The single taper-retained implant broadens the indications for immediate implant placement in the posterior region, and its deep sub-osseous placement (≥2 mm below the bone) avoids to a certain extent the disturbance of the implant by external stimuli and the exposure of the cervical abutment of the implant, with the good long-term stability of the marginal bone around the implant.

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the influence of implant site and axial direction on the immediate weight bearing stress of central incisors in different alveolar fossa shapes / 口腔医学

Objective@#To analyze and investigate the effects of implant location and axial direction on the stress distribution of implants, abutments, central screws, and crowns during immediate loading of maxillary mesial incisors with different alveolar fossa morphology based on three-dimensional finite element method.@*Methods@#Referring to the oral CBCT images of a healthy adult, a three-dimensional finite element model was established for immediate implant loading of maxillary central incisors with three alveolar fossa morphs: labial, intermediate, and palatal; different implant sites(apical site, palatal/labial site) and axes(tooth long axis, alveolar bone long axis) were simulated; the established model was loaded with a force of 100 N. ANSYS software was applied to analyze the stress values of the implants, abutments, central screwss, and crownss. @*Results@#The 3D finite element models of 12 maxillary central incisors with different alveolar sockets were successfully established;the implants and their superstructures were least stressed when the maxillary central incisors with partial labial and partial palatal shape were placed along the long axis of the alveolar bone in the palatal/labial position for immediate implant loading;the implants and their superstructures were least stressed when the maxillary central incisors with central shape were placed along the long axis of the tooth in the palatal position for immediate implant loading. The implant and its superstructure were subjected to the least stress when the implant was placed along the long axis of the tooth in the immediate loading position. @*Conclusion@#The bio-mechanical characteristics of the implant and its superstructure are influenced by the different socket morphology, implantation sites and axes. Therefore, in clinical practice, different implantation axes and implantation sites should be developed for different socket morphs.

Survival and Success of Immediate Implant Placement Followed by Tooth Extraction a Retrospective Study

Background: Dental Implant originally utilized for aesthetic and functional rehabilitation, this treatment option have transformed oral rehabilitation techniques and are now regarded as the gold standard of treatment for replacing single, partial, and full-arch teeth. With improvements in osteotomy technique, implant macro- and micro-geometry, surface treatment, types of implant prosthetic connections, and other aspects, the overall treatment duration has also been greatly shortened.Material & Methods:This study was carried out in two implant centers and is retrospective and descriptive. It was done in the Implant Surgery Centers of Banasree Dental and German Dental, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The research was carried out from January 2010 to June 2022. 63 people made up the entire sample for this study.Results:Most of the patients 21(33.3%) were aged between 51-60 years where most of the patients 36(57%) were female and 27(43%) were male. Maxilla was done in 45(71.4%) patients, mandible was done in 48(76.2%). 69(74.2%) implants were done on the anterior site and 24(25.8%) was done on posterior site. All the patients had a good primary stability of implant with an insertion torque of 30 N/cm or more. There were 100% survival rate after the implants and in good functional condition. All patients were happy with their implant.Conclusion:This approach of osteotomy preparation’s greater primary stability appears to have a minimal detrimental effect on implant success.

A prospective cohort study of immediate implantation and delayed implantation for a labial bony dehiscence defect in the maxillary aesthetic area / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @# To investigate the effect of immediate and delayed implant placement on dimensional changes in hard and soft tissues as well as esthetic outcomes. @*Methods @# A total of 40 maxillary single anterior teeth with a dehiscence defect on the labial bone (≤4 mm) were categorized into two groups according to the timing of implant placement: immediate implant placement (n = 20) or delayed implant placement (n = 20). Guided bone regeneration (GBR) was conducted at the sites using a flap approach, and the implants were given immediate provisionalization. Implant survival rates, dimensional changes in hard and soft tissues during the six- and twelve-month follow-ups, and pink esthetic scores (PESs) were measured. @*Results @# The implant survival rates in both groups were 100%, and no complications occurred during the follow-up time. There was no significant difference between the two groups at the measurement sites in the dimensional change of hard and soft tissues during the six- and twelve-month follow-ups. The largest resorption was observed at the implant neck, with a loss of (1.29 ± 0.71) mm in the immediate implant placement group and (1.43 ± 0.19) mm in the delayed implant placement group. The mean PES scores were (10.95 ± 1.51) for the immediate implant placement group and (11.05 ± 1.23) for the delayed implant placement group. @*Conclusion@# Immediate implantation or delayed implantation combined with GBR and immediate provisionalization might both be a prospective treatment strategy for a maxillary single anterior tooth with a dehiscence defect on the labial bone.

Consideraciones para el manejo de un implante inmediato en alvéolos infectados: una actualización / Considerations for the management of an immediate implant in infected sockets: an update

Introducción: La instalación inmediata del implante posterior a la extracción dental se está convirtiendo en un procedimiento de rutina debido a la reducción del tiempo de tratamiento y a la preservación de las estructuras anatómicas remanentes. Sin embargo, en muchos casos esta técnica involucra dientes afectados con procesos infecciosos. Hasta ahora, no se ha descrito a ciencia cierta el grado de éxito o fracaso del implante inmediato en alvéolos infectados, ni se ha establecido un protocolo para el manejo de este tipo de casos. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión bibliográfica actualizada, para determinar qué consideraciones se deben tener para instalar un implante inmediato en alvéolos con procesos infecciosos. Conclusión: Es posible obtener las ventajas de la instalación inmediata del implante en alvéolos infectados mediante la aplicación de un adecuado manejo clínico, donde se considere un adecuado tratamiento antibiótico, acompañado de un correcto curetaje alveolar, respetar la cadena de asepsia y antisepsia, posición subcrestal del implante y obtener siempre una buena estabilidad primaria del implante (AU)

Introduction: The immediate placement of the implant after dental extraction is a procedure that every time is becoming a routine procedure due to the reduction of the treatment time and the preservation of the remaining anatomical structures. However, in many cases, this technique involves affected teeth with infectious processes. Until now, the degree of success or failure of the immediate implant in infected alveoli has not been described for sure; nor has a protocol been established for the management of these types of cases. Objective: Carry out an updated bibliographic review, to determine what considerations must be taken to install an immediate implant in alveoli with infectious processes. Conclusion: Is possible obtain the advantages of the immediate installation of the implant in infected alveoli through the application of adequate clinical management, where appropriate antibiotic treatment is considered, accompanied by proper alveolar curettage, respect the aseptic and antiseptic chain, implant subcrestal position and always obtain a good primary stability of the implant (AU)

Estabilidad primaria en implantes inmediatos versus implantes colocados en hueso maduro: un estudio clínico retrospectivo / Primary stability in immediate implants versus implants placed in mature bone: a retrospective clinical study

La estabilidad primaria es un requisito importante para la supervivencia y éxito de los implantes durante la osteointegración. En los últimos años, los implantes inmediatos postextracción han demostrado ser una opción de tratamiento exitosa y predecible para la reposición de dientes con mal pronóstico, pero surge la duda de si dichos implantes alcanzan valores de estabilidad primaria comparables a aquellos colocados en hueso maduro. Comparar la estabilidad primaria de implantes inmediatos colocados en alveolos postextracción con la de implantes colocados en hueso maduro. Se llevó a cabo un estudio clínico retrospectivo, con los datos recogidos sobre 175 implantes, colocados en 175 pacientes. Todos los implantes colocados pertenecían al modelo Essential Cone (Klockner Implant System) y se dividieron en dos grupos: implantes inmediatos (Grupo A, n=31) e implantes colocados en hueso maduro (Grupo B, n=144). La estabilidad primaria de todos los implantes se midió mediante torque de inserción y análisis de frecuencia de resonancia con Osstell ISQ. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto a la estabilidad medida a través del torque de inserción (26,29+10,07 Vs 25,76+9,72 N/cm) pero sí que se encontraron diferencias significativas en la medida de la estabilidad primaria mediante AFR, siendo inferiores los valores correspondientes a los implantes colocados en los alveolos post exodoncia (60,74 ± 6,17 en sentido VL y 62,19 ± 7.64 en sentido MD frente a 68,34 ± 6.26 en sentido VL y 69,29 ± 7.98 en sentido MD obtenidos en los implantes colocados en hueso maduro). El torque de inserción de los implantes inmediatos es similar al de los implantes colocados en hueso maduro, pero sus valores ISQ son significativamente inferiores, lo que demuestra un mayor grado de micromovimiento, y por consiguiente, un mayor riesgo de fracaso durante el período de osteointegración.

Primary stability is an important requirement for the survival and success of implants during osseointegration. In recent years, immediate post-extraction implants have proven to be a successful and predictable treatment option for the replacement of teeth with a poor prognosis, but the question arises as to whether these implants reach primary stability values comparable to those placed in mature bone. The objective of the study was to compare the primary stability of immediate implants placed in post-extraction alveoli with that of implants placed in mature bone. A retrospective clinical study was carried out, with data collected on 175 implants, placed in 175 patients. All implants placed belonged to the Essential Cone model (Klockner Implant System) and were divided into two groups: immediate implants (Group A, n = 31) and implants placed in mature bone (Group B, n = 144). The primary stability of all implants was measured by insertion torque and resonance frequency analysis with Osstell ISQ. No statistically significant differences were found regarding the stability measured through the insertion torque (26.29 + 10.07 Vs 25.76 + 9.72 N / cm) but significant differences were found in the measurement of primary stability by means of AFR, the values corresponding to implants placed in the post-exodontic alveoli being lower (60.74 ± 6.17 in the VL direction and 62.19 ± 7.64 in the MD direction versus 68.34 ± 6.26 in the VL direction and 69.29 ± 7.98 in the MD direction obtained in implants placed in mature bone). The insertion torque of immediate implants is similar to that of implants placed in mature bone, but their ISQ values are significantly lower, which demonstrates a higher degree of micromotion, and therefore, a greater risk of failure during the period of osseointegration.

Evaluation du comportement tissulaire péri implantaire après temporisation immédiate unitaire antérieure maxillaire / Evaluation of peri implant tissue behaviour after immediate provisionalization single-tooth implant in anterior maxilla

Introduction. La temporisation immédiate unitaire du secteur antérieur maxillaire aide au raccourcissement des délais thérapeutiques, et contribue à la satisfaction esthétique immédiate quand les conditions anatomiques et chirurgicales le permettent. Cependant, un risque d'échec n'est pas exclu. L'état des tissus péri-implantaires et leurs réactions reflètent le succès ou non de cette thérapeutique. Objectif. Cette étude a pour objectif d'évaluer le comportement des tissus durs et mous dans le secteur antérieur maxillaire, après temporisation immédiate unitaire. Matériel et méthode. Une étude prospective et descriptive a été effectuée sur 44 sites unitaires maxillaires antérieurs, répartis entre les incisives centrales et latérales. Une restauration temporaire a été mise en place immédiatement après chirurgie implantaire en sous-occlusion. Le Pink Esthetic Score (PES) et le white Esthetic score (WES) ont été utilisés pour apprécier le comportement des tissus mous. Le taux de succès de l'ostéointégration et le changement du niveau de l'os marginal ont été analysés. Les tissus durs sont analysés au cône beam computed tomography à 6 et 12 mois. Résultats. Les résultats de cette étude sont : un taux de succès d'ostéointégration de 92.68%, un PES de l'ordre de 8.06 ±1.69 à 36 mois et un WES à 7.87±1.23. Cependant, un gain d'os autour de quelques implants a été observé ainsi qu'une résorption. La moyenne de résorption de l'os marginal péri implantaire est de l'ordre de -0.31mm ± 1.22 à 12 mois. Il ressort de cette étude la mise en évidence de la variable (sexe masculin) comme facteur de risque. Conclusion. La temporisation immédiate a un effet positif sur les tissus mous péri implantaires, permettant ainsi de préparer un profil d'émergence en adéquation avec une restauration d'usage de valeur esthétique. La moyenne de résorption de l'os marginal à 1 an et le taux de succès de l'ostéointégration observés, révèlent l'innocuité de cette temporisation immédiate, une sélection fine des patients ainsi qu'une très bonne préparation des sites à implanter sont prises en considération

Introduction. Due to the poursuit of beauty and the demands of social activities, traditional implant protocols, were modified. The immediate restoration protocol was proposed to reduce the edentulous time and avoid a stage-two operation. despite this avantage , this technique is not without a risk of failure. Quality and behaviour of the tissues around implants, can reflects success or not. Aim. This study investigated in changes the surronding hard and soft tissu outcome of immediate non-occlusal loading for single implants in the maxillary. Materials and Methods. This is a prospective study covered forty-for implants immediatly restored and nonocclusally loaded in a single missing maxillary anterior tooth. The outcome measures were : implant success, esthetic outcome (PES/WES), the outcome of marginal bone loss (MBL) : assesses at 6 mouth and one year after implantation. Result. We achieved an osteointegration success rate of 92.68%. An acceptable PES of the order of : 8.06 +/-1.69 à 36 at 36 months and a WES of : 7.87+/-1.23. We found a bone gain a round some implants and resorptions also. The mean marginal bone loss (MBL) was in the order of : -0.31mm +/- 1.22 at one year. This study shows that the male gender Constitue a risk factor. Conclusion. It appears from this study that :immediate non-occlusal loaded single implant in the anterior maxilla, has a positive effect on hard and soft tissues around implants allowing to prepare an emergence profile in accordance with a definitive restoration of esthetic value.

Effect of Straumann implant on crown appearance in immediate implant restoration of maxillary anterior teeth / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Straumann implant on crown appearance in the immediate implant restoration of maxillary anterior teeth.@*METHODS@#This study was conducted among 86 patients undergoing immediate implant restoration of maxillary anterior teeth between January and December, 2018. We randomized the patients into control group for treatment with immediate implant restoration and study group receiving additional Straumann implant. The effects of restoration, bone absorption at 6 months, implant length, implant diameter, root protrusion, gingival color, far and middle gingival papilla, lip side gingival height, near and middle gingival papilla, and lip side gingival curve were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The repair effect in the study group was better than that in the control group ( < 0.05). The implant length and implant diameter were significantly greater in the study group than in the control group. The root protrusion, gingival color, far and middle gingival papilla, lip side gingival height, near and middle gingival papilla, and lip side gingival curve were all better in the study group. The height of marginal bone in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Straumann implant can be used in immediate implant restoration of maxillary anterior teeth to achieve a better aesthetic effect.

Application of digital immediate implant restoration and angle screw channel abutment in the aesthetic area:case report and literature review / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @# To investigate the application of digital immediate implant and angle screw channel abutment in the aesthetic area and the related influencing factors by reviewing the data of one case of immediate implant repair of the upper anterior teeth and related literature. @*Methods@#One case of refractory chronic apicitis of the upper anterior teeth involved immediate implantation after extraction. The digital information of the patient was obtained by CBCT and intraoral scanning. According to the information from the patients, a preoperative evaluation was performed; a treatment scheme was formulated; a minimally invasive extraction was performed; implants were placed under a digital guide plate; and temporary restoration was immediately performed. Six months after the operation, the patients underwent individualized mold removal, and angle screw channel fixation was completed. We observed the cosmetic effects and soft and hard tissue and gingival contour maintenance effects after restoration and reexamined the patients 6 months after restoration. In addition, the relevant literature was reviewed. @*Results @#The height of the gingival margin and gingival papilla and gingival contour of this patient were well maintained. The red and white aesthetic effect was good. There was no redness or swelling of the gingiva nor obvious changes in the soft and hard tissues around the implant 6 months after restoration, and the patient was satisfied. The results in the literature review show that a preoperative design based on CBCT and intraoral scanning data combined with digital software and a whole digital guide plate make the procedure more accurate and safer. These factors can not only avoid important anatomical structures and serious surgical complications but can also result in implantation in the best three-dimensional position. In addition, the application of digital impression technology and CAD/CAM increases the efficiency, speed, accuracy, simplicity, and comfort of oral impressions and the construction of temporary and final prostheses more precise and faster, greatly improving clinical efficiency. @*Conclusion@#Digital immediate implant and angle screw channel abutment is a good method to restore the aesthetics and function of missing teeth and to avoid the complications caused by adhesive residue.

Current status of immediate implant placement in the aesthetic zone of the anterior teeth / 口腔疾病防治

@#The method of placing an implant immediately into the fresh extraction socket at the same time as tooth extraction has the advantages of reducing the number of operations and the overall treatment time, making full use of the existing bone mass, and resulting in ideal aesthetic effects. However, immediate implant placement also has its own inherent shortcomings. Due to the existence of the extraction socket, it is difficult to close the wound; because the size of the implant does not match the size of the extraction socket, it is difficult to achieve good initial stability, and there is a risk of soft tissue recession. This article reviews the success rate, indications and expansion of immediate implant placement, surgical requirements, complications and the prevention and treatment of anterior teeth in the aesthetic area. A literature review showed that the 5-year success rate of immediate implant placement was over 95%. The indications included intact socket walls, a facial bone wall at least 1 mm in thickness, the presence of thick, soft tissue, the absence of acute infection at the site, and the availability of bone apically and lingually to the socket to provide primary stability. In addition, in recent years, with the improvement of surgical implantation technology and the improvement of bone substitute material performance, immediate implant placement can be used as one of the conventional methods for oral implantation treatment, and its indications have shown a trend toward expansion. Immediate implant placement also has complications, including poor placement of implants and gingival receding that results in poor aesthetic outcomes. In addition, immediate restoration and conventional loading protocols after immediate implant appear to have similar outcomes and result in better aesthetic effects. However, the long-term stability and patient satisfaction after immediate implant placement in terms of soft tissue aesthetics require more research.

Cbct Analysis Of Alveolar Bone Dimensions In Mandibular Posterior Teeth: A Preliminary Study

OBJECTIVES: Extraction of mandibular posterior teeth followed by immediate implant placement is considered as an optimal technique of immediate prosthetic rehabilitation. The analysis of alveolar bone dimensions with Cone Beam Computerized Tomography prior to implant placement is a prime determinant in treatment planning. Hence this preliminary study was conducted to analyze the alveolar bone dimensions in dentate mandibular posterior teeth to evaluate the available bone which can be utilized for immediate implant placements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective data of 200 cases of full volume CBCT was procured from Riyadh Elm University (REU) database and reviewed for eligibility. Atotal of 10 cases were included in the study. Scans were assessed for thickness of buccal and lingual walls at 4mm below the CEJ (MP1) and at midroot level (MP2). Alveolar width was assessed at most coronal point on alveolar bone (BW1) and at superior border of mandibular canal (BW2). The height was be calculated by measuring the vertical distance between BW1 and BW2. Data was tabulated and statistically analyzed using unpaired t-test. RESULTS: The results of our study indicates that dimensions of buccal and lingual bone walls of all teeth at MP1 and MP2 in PM1, PM2 and M1 were statistically significant. Also only the 1st premolar (PM1) showed statistical significance with regard to dimensions at BW1 and BW2. CONCLUSION: The present study highlights the need for further studies with larger samples which can impact the immediate implant success rates in mandibular posterior teeth

Clinical evaluation of the socket-shield technique for immediate implantation in the maxillary anterior region / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of the socket-shield technique in the maxillary anterior region at one year after implant placement.@*METHODS@#Ten patients with maxillary anterior teeth that cannot be reserved were enrolled. Implants were installed following the socket-shield technique and restored six months after the surgery. The thickness of the labial maxillary bone of the implant was compared before and one year after the surgery. At one year follow-up, the reten-tion rate of the implants, Jemt classification, and pink and white aesthetic scores were evaluated. Postoperative complications and patient satisfaction were also analyzed.@*RESULTS@#One year after installation, the retention rate of the implant was 100%. The thickness of the maxillary bone at the neck, central, and root section of the implant reduced to (0.27±0.21), (0.19±0.20), and (0.28±0.29) mm, respectively, compared with the values immediately after the operation. The thickness of the labial maxillary bone at the three measurement points immediately after and one year after the operation was statistically significant (P0.05) of the difference thickness between immediate and one year after operation at the three measurement points. The pink esthetic scores of the implant prosthesis was 9.10±0.54, and the white esthetic scores was 9.00±0.63. No complications were observed, and the patients had a high degree of satisfaction.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The socket-shield technique could provide acceptable treatment results but cannot completely avoid the reconstruction of the labial maxillary bone of the implants. The technique exhibits favo-rable short-term aesthetic result, but its long-term clinical effect and aesthetic problems need to be further studied.

Comparison of clinical effects of a modified socket shield technique and the conventional immediate implant placement / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effects of a modified socket shield technique (SST) and the conventional immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone.@*METHODS@#Twenty-four patients with one hopeless upper incisor were consecutively enrolled in this study. All patients were scheduled for immediate implant placement. Twelve patients underwent a modified SST (experimental group) whereas the others underwent conventional procedures (control group). Radiographic and clinical data were obtained preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and 12 months after surgery. The success rate of the implants, the pink esthetic score (PES) and patient satisfaction were analyzed. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 21.0 software.@*RESULTS@#One year after operation, the success rate of the implants was 100% in both groups. The PES and patient satisfaction of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The buccal bone plate resorbed less in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The modified SST is advantageous over the conventional immediate implant placement in terms of buccal bone and soft tissue maintenance.

Atraumatic Extraction and immediate implant placement into infected site with the "ice cream cone" technique and L-PRF: A Case Report

ABSTRACT: We describe a case report of a 53 years old patient with osteopenia treatment, which presented a longitudinal root fracture in relation to 9 tooth Single Fixed Prothesis (SFP), an active fistula and a bucal plate loss. It was prescribed the tooth extraction and the immediate Biohorizons® Tapered Internal® implant installation. The regeneration of the bucal plate was performed using the technique of "ice cream cone" using Mineross®, Mem Lok® and L-PRF.

Aesthetic complications of immediate implant placement of anterior teeth / 中华口腔医学杂志

In the anterior tooth zone, the criteria of successful implant restoration is not only to ensure a high survival rate of implant, but also to provide long-lasting and stable aesthetic outcomes. As for the rehabilitation of anterior teeth, immediate implant placement might achieve a survival rate similar to those of delayed implant placement and significantly reduce treatment time, whereas several aesthetic complications such as gingival recession, loss of interdental papilla, exposure of implant margin could also occur. Therefore, an important issue need to be solved is that how to avoid or handle the aesthetic complications of immediate implant placement of anterior teeth. This article mainly discusses the clinical features, possible etiologies and handling methods of aesthetics complications in rehabilitation of anterior teeth using immediate implant placement.

Clinical evaluation of socket shield technique in maxillary anterior region / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the preliminary clinical outcome of socket shield technique in maxillary anterior region.@*Methods@#Nine patients were treated with socket shield technique in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from February 2012 to December 2015 were enrolled in this study. Ten implants were placed and restored immediately. After 12-48 months' follow-up (averaged 32 months), the peri-implant hard and soft tissue were clinically evaluated.@*Results@#No implants were lost during the observation period, resulting a cumulate 32-month survival. The pink esthetic score (PES) was 13.5. Mesial and distal bone loss were 0.17 mm and 0.22 mm respectively.@*Conclusions@#To achieve good esthetic results, socket shield technique may be an option for maxillary anterior region immediate implant placement.

The influence of bone graft procedures on primary stability and bone change of implants placed in fresh extraction sockets / 대한악안면성형재건외과학회지

BACKGROUND: This study was to evaluate the effect of bone graft procedure on the primary stability of implants installed in fresh sockets and assess the vertical alteration of peri-implant bone radiographically. METHODS: Twenty-three implants were inserted in 18 patients immediately after tooth extraction. The horizontal gap between the implant and bony walls of the extraction socket was grafted with xenografts. The implant stability before and after graft procedure was measured by Osstell Mentor as implant stability quotient before bone graft (ISQ bbg) and implant stability quotient after bone graft (ISQ abg). Peri-apical radiographs were taken to measure peri-implant bone change immediately after implant surgery and 12 months after implant placement. Data were analyzed by independent t test; the relationships between stability parameters (insertion torque value (ITV), ISQ abg, and ISQ bbg) and peri-implant bone changes were analyzed according to Pearson correlation coefficients. RESULTS: The increase of ISQ in low primary stability group (LPSG) was 6.87 ± 3.62, which was significantly higher than the increase in high primary stability group (HPSG). A significant correlation between ITV and ISQ bbg (R = 0.606, P = 0.002) was found; however, age and peri-implant bone change were not found significantly related to implant stability parameters. It was presented that there were no significant peri-implant bone changes at 1 year after bone graft surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Bone graft procedure is beneficial for increasing the primary stability of immediately placed implants, especially when the ISQ of implants is below 65 and that bone grafts have some effects on peri-implant bone maintenance.