The effect of classical foot massage on insomnia and anxiety in preeclamptic pregnant women: a randomized controlled study

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Preeclampsia is one of the most common complaints during pregnancy. Preeclamptic pregnant women may experience insomnia and anxiety. METHODS: This study was a randomized controlled trial with 71 preeclamptic women. In the experimental group, a foot massage was done for 3 days in a week. In the control group, any applications were not done. These groups were assessed for insomnia and anxiety levels. RESULTS: In this study, it was found that classical foot massage significantly reduced (12.45±5.74 vs. 33.4±6.41) insomnia and anxiety compared with the control group (18.8±6.44 vs. 39.19±8.31, respectively, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The classical foot massage can effectively decrease insomnia and anxiety symptoms.

Masaje terapéutico para estudiantes universitarios con estrés

Introducción: El estrés psíquicoen los estudiantes universitarios de Licenciatura en Turismo puede provocar manifestaciones negativas en el orden psíquico, físico y social. Objetivo: Exponer la validez de un procedimiento de masaje terapéutico que contribuya a disminuir el estrés psíquico en los estudiantes de Licenciatura en Turismo en la Universidad de Holguín. Método: Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, se utilizaron métodos teóricos y empíricos; para el procesamiento de los datos se utilizó la estadística matemática. Se seleccionaron 17 expertos para la valoración del procedimiento empleado, con una experiencia promedio de 17 años, la investigación fue de septiembre 2019 a julio 2022. Se seleccionó una muestra de82 estudiantes, a la cual se le aplicó un test antes y después de concluir el tratamiento con masaje terapéutico. Resultados: Mediante la observación a los estudiantes en los diferentes contextos de actuación y la revisión de las fuentes de información se evidenció resultados indicadores de estrés psíquico. En encuesta aplicada a los profesores, se demostró pocos conocimientos teóricos y metodológicos para la aplicación del masaje terapéutico para estudiantes universitarios con estrés psíquico. Conclusiones: El procedimiento elaborado para disminuir el estrés se aplicó y demuestra su efectividad en la salud y el bienestar de la muestra seleccionada.

Introduction: Psychological stress in university students studying Bachelor of Tourism can cause negative manifestations in the psychological, physical and social order. Objective: To present the validity of a therapeutic massage procedure that contributes to reducing psychological stress in Bachelor of Tourism students at the University of Holguín. Method: A quantitative research was carried out, theoretical and empirical methods were used.Mathematical statistics were used to process the data.17 experts were selected to evaluate the procedure used, with an average experience of 17 years. The research was from September 2019 to July 2022. A sample of 82 students was selected, to whom a pre-test was applied before treatment,with therapeutic massage, and a post-test at the end. Results: By observing the students in the different contexts of action and reviewing the sources of information, results indicative of psychological stress were evident.In a survey administered to teachers, little theoretical and methodological knowledge was demonstrated for the application of therapeutic massage for university students with psychological stress. Conclusions: The procedure developed to reduce stress was applied and demonstrate its effectiveness on the health and well-being of the selected sample.

Introdução: O estresse psicológico em estudantes universitários do Bacharelado em Turismo pode causar manifestações negativas de ordem psicológica, física e social. Objetivo: Apresentar a validade de um procedimento de massagem terapêutica que contribui para a redução do estresse psicológico em estudantes do Bacharelado em Turismo da Universidade de Holguín. Método: Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa, foram utilizados métodos teóricos e empíricos.Estatística matemática foi usada para processar os dados.Para avaliar o procedimento utilizado foram selecionados 17 especialistas, com experiência média de 17 anos. A pesquisa ocorreu de setembro de 2019 a julho de 2022. Foi selecionada uma amostra de 82 estudantes, aos quais foi aplicado um pré-teste antes do tratamento com massagem terapêutica, e um pós-teste no final. Resultados: Ao observar os estudantes nos diferentes contextos de atuação e revisar as fontes de informação, ficaram evidentes resultados indicativos de estresse psicológico.Em pesquisa realizada com professores, foi demonstrado pouco conhecimento teórico e metodológico para a aplicação da massagem terapêutica em estudantes universitários com estresse psicológico. Conclusões: O procedimento desenvolvido para reduzir o estresse foi aplicado e demonstrou sua eficácia na saúde e no bem-estar da amostra selecionada.

Suture manipulation post-trabeculectomy: A practical guide

Background: Trabeculectomy is the gold standard filtration surgery for diverting aqueous from anterior chamber to the subconjunctival space. More than the surgery, postoperative follow?ups and management of the blebs play a critical role in the long?term success. This video is aimed at showing the real?world management of blebs postoperatively. Purpose: This video will serve as a practical guide to the postoperative management of trabeculectomy blebs with specific focus on the suture manipulation. Synopsis: This video will demonstrate various suturing techniques of trabeculectomy and their manipulation in the postoperative period. Complications related to each will be discussed. Highlights: We demonstrate how to place and remove, releasable, and fixed sutures. We also address the practical points on why and when to remove the sutures. Suture?related complications and their management have been shown along with practical examples

Abdominal compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a scoping review / Compresiones abdominales durante la reanimación cardiopulmonar: una revisión de alcance / Compressões abdominais durante a reanimação cardiopulmonar: revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objectives: to map the scientific evidence on the use of abdominal compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with cardiac arrest. Methods: this is a scoping review based on the question: "What is the evidence regarding the use of abdominal compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with cardiac arrest?". Publications up to August 2022 were collected from eight databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews was used. Results: seventeen publications were included. The identified general population consisted of adults and elderly individuals. The primary outcome revealed significant rates of return of spontaneous circulation. Secondary outcomes indicated a significant improvement in heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and other outcomes. Conclusions: abdominal compressions have been shown to be beneficial. However, further clinical studies are needed to identify the best execution method and its impacts.

RESUMEN Objetivos: mapear la evidencia científica sobre el uso de compresiones abdominales durante la reanimación cardiopulmonar en pacientes con paro cardíaco. Métodos: esta es una revisión de alcance basada en la pregunta: "¿Cuál es la evidencia con respecto al uso de compresiones abdominales durante la reanimación cardiopulmonar en pacientes con paro cardíaco?". Se recopilaron publicaciones hasta agosto de 2022 de ocho bases de datos. Se utilizó la extensión de Informes Preferidos para Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis para Revisiones de Alcance. Resultados: se incluyeron diecisiete publicaciones. La población general identificada estaba compuesta por adultos y personas mayores. El resultado primario reveló tasas significativas de retorno de la circulación espontánea. Los resultados secundarios indicaron una mejora significativa en la frecuencia cardíaca, la presión arterial, la saturación de oxígeno y otros resultados. Conclusiones: las compresiones abdominales han demostrado ser beneficiosas. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios clínicos para identificar el mejor método de ejecución y sus impactos.

RESUMO Objetivos: mapear as evidências científicas sobre o uso de compressões abdominais durante a reanimação cardiopulmonar em pacientes com parada cardiorrespiratória. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão de escopo, baseada na questão: "quais são as evidências sobre o uso de compressões abdominais durante a reanimação cardiopulmonar em pacientes com parada cardiorrespiratória?". Foram coletadas as publicações até agosto de 2022 em oito bases de dados. Foi utilizado o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Resultados: incluiu-se 17 publicações. O público geral identificado foi composto por adultos e idosos. O desfecho primário evidenciou taxas significativas de retorno da circulação espontânea. Os desfechos secundários indicaram melhora significativa na frequência cardíaca, pressão arterial, saturação de oxigênio e outros resultados. Conclusões: as compressões abdominais mostraram-se benéficas. No entanto, mais estudos clínicos são necessários para identificar o melhor método de execução e seus impactos.

Feasibility of core cervical muscle group exercises and massage in the improvement of cervical spine curvature changes during radiotherapy for head and neck neoplasms / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the role of cervical core muscle group exercise and massage in the change of cervical spine curvature during radiotherapy for head and neck tumors and the effect on set-up errors.Methods:A total of 40 patients with head and neck tumours receiving radiotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from March 2020 to July 2021 were prospectively selected, and all of them underwent different degrees of changes in cervical spine curvature during radiotherapy. The cervical core muscle exercise and manual massage were used to do treatment intervention on the change in the cervical spine curvature. Changes in cervical spine curvature at the time of the curvature change of the cervical spine and at 1 d, 3 d and 5 d after the intervention were observed by using cone beam CT, and then data were recorded in 3 dimensions. The set-up error when cervical spine curvature changed was compared with that after the muscle group exercise and manipulation, and Pearson was used to analyze the linear correlation of set-up errors in each direction.Results:There were 23 males and 17 females, with a median age of 41 years (26-62 years). The significant improvement of cervical curvature at 1 d, 3 d and 5 d after the intervention could be found in 2 cases (5.0%), 20 cases (50.0%) and 39 cases (97.5%). Using the cervical 4 vertebrae as the matching standard, the set-up errors at the time of change in cervical spine curvature and at 1 d, 3 d and 5 d after treatment were (1.3±0.9) mm, (1.2±0.8) mm, (1.3±0.7) mm and (1.3±0.7) mm in the left-right direction respectively; (2.0±0.7) mm, (1.7±0.8) mm, (1.8±0.7) mm and (1.9±0.8) mm in the head-foot direction respectively; (4.9±0.7) mm, (4.6±0.7) mm, (3.4±0.7) mm, (1.7±0.6) mm in the anterior-posterior direction respectively. The set-up error in the anterior-posterior directions at 3 d and 5 d after treatment intervention was lower than that at the time of change in cervical spine curvature and at 1 d after treatment intervention (all P < 0.01), and that at 5 d after treatment intervention was lower than that at 3 d after treatment intervention ( P < 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between the left-right direction and head-foot direction at each time point (all P > 0.05). There was no correlation between left-right direction and head-foot direction ( r = 0.049, P = 0.540), between left-right direction and anterior-posterior direction ( r = 0.041, P = 0.607), and between head-foot direction and anterior-posterior direction ( r = 0.003, P = 0.931) in terms of set-up errors. Conclusions:Core cervical muscle group training and massage could improve the change in cervical spine curvature, increase the repeatability of the set-up, which provides a favourable guarantee for accurate treatment.

Preparation of static training animal models and research status analysis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

As a form of Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)Qigong exercises and an essential part of exercise therapy,static training has proven clinical efficacy.However,further evidence is required to reveal its mechanism of action provided by animal experiments.There are four major ways to establish static training animal models:pole climbing,hind-limb suspension,isometric-contraction weight bearing,and electrical stimulation.These models have been used to study diseases of the motor,circulatory,and endocrine systems,etc.,and the mechanism has got extensive exploration.It reviewed static training animal models and the research progress to provide theoretical evidence for static training's experimental research and mechanism exploration.

Clinical observation of acupuncture with host-guest combination using Yuan-Primordial and Luo-Connecting points plus Tuina for the third lumbar transverse process syndrome / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the effects of acupuncture at Yuan-Primordial and Luo-Connecting points by host-guest combination plus Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) on the third lumbar transverse process syndrome. Methods: A total of 88 patients with the third lumbar transverse process syndrome were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table method, with 44 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Tuina, and the observation group was treated with additional acupuncture at Yuan-Primordial and Luo-Connecting points by host-guest combination. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared after treatment. The changes in the scores of physical signs, Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Quebec back pain disability scale (QBPDS), and pain factors [including serum prostaglandin (PG) E2, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3)] were observed. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was 93.2％, higher than 75.0％ in the control group; the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the scores of physical signs and each low back pain scale, and the levels of serum pain factors in the two groups were decreased (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture at Yuan-Primordial and Luo-Connecting points by host-guest combination plus Tuina is effective in the treatment of the third lumbar transverse process syndrome; it can improve the patient's physical signs, relieve low back pain, and reduce the levels of serum pain factors.

Efficacy observation of pushing Qiaogong point with different intensities for treating stage Ⅰ essential hypertension / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of pushing Qiaogong point with varying intensities for treating stage Ⅰ essential hypertension. Methods: A total of 72 patients diagnosed with stageⅠ essential hypertension were enrolled in this study. They were divided into three groups using the random number table method, including a control group, a gentle pushing group, and a heavy pushing group, with 24 patients in each group. All three groups received the same therapeutic lifestyle interventions. The control group received no additional interventions, the gentle pushing group received additional pushing Qiaogong point with gentle strength, and the heavy pushing group received additional pushing Qiaogong point with heavy strength. The treatment duration was 4 weeks, followed by a 4-week follow-up period, during which blood pressure changes were observed and analyzed in all three groups. Results: After treatment, the blood pressure levels in all three groups showed a significant decrease (P<0.05). The effective rate in the control group was 43.5％, in the gentle pushing group was 78.3％, and in the heavy pushing group was 33.3％. The reduction in blood pressure levels in the gentle pushing group was significantly superior to that in both the control group and the heavy pushing group, indicating inter-group statistical significance (P<0.01). The efficacy of the heavy pushing group was comparable to that of the control group, indicating no statistical significance (P>0.05). During the follow-up period, compared with the end of the treatment within the same group, the blood pressure levels remained stable in both the control group and the gentle pushing group, indicating no intra-group statistical significance (P>0.05). The heavy pushing group showed a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean blood pressure (MBP) compared with the end of the treatment, indicating intra-group statistical significance (P<0.05). During the follow-up, the gentle pushing group had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and MBP compared with both the heavy pushing group and the control group, indicating inter-group statistical significance (P<0.01), while there was no inter-group statistical significance in comparing the DBP (P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in comparing the SBP, DBP, and MBP between the heavy pushing group and the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Pushing Qiaogong point with gentle strength combined with lifestyle interventions showed a higher effective rate and long-term blood pressure stability in the treatment of stage Ⅰ essential hypertension. Pushing Qiaogong point with varying intensities showed varying effects on patients with stage Ⅰ essential hypertension.

Clinical observation of Tuina combined with Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang in the treatment of rectocele / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)combined with Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang(Middle Jiao-supplementing and Qi-boosting Decoction)in the treatment of rectocele of Qi sinking due to spleen deficiency.Methods:A total of 108 patients with rectocele(grades Ⅰ and Ⅱ)were randomly divided into a Chinese medicine group and a Tuina+Chinese medicine group,with 54 cases in each group.Both groups were treated with Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang,and the Tuina+Chinese medicine group was treated with additional Tuina manipulation.The score of clinical symptoms and grade of rectocele were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,39 cases were cured,10 cases were effective,and 5 cases failed in the Tuina+Chinese medicine group,making a total effective rate of 90.7%.In the Chinese medicine group,26 cases were cured,16 cases were effective,and 12 cases failed,making a total effective rate of 77.8%.The efficacy difference between the two groups was statistically significant,checked by the rank-sum test(P＜0.05).After treatment,the grades of rectocele in the two groups were statistically different from those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After treatment,the score of each item and the total score of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms in the two groups were lower than those before treatment,and the differences within the group were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The score of each item and the total score of the Tuina+Chinese medicine group were lower than those of the Chinese medicine group,and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Tuina plus Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang has better clinical efficacy than Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang alone in the treatment of rectocele of Qi sinking due to spleen deficiency.

Observation on the efficacy of traditional Qigong exercise combined with Tuina manipulations in treating lower cervical disc herniation / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the efficacy of traditional Qigong exercise combined with Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)manipulations in treating lower cervical disc herniation(CDH).Methods:A total of 120 CDH patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 60 cases in each group.Patients in both groups were given the same Tuina manipulations.In addition,patients in the observation group practiced traditional Qigong exercise,and those in the control group did conventional neck exercise.After 8 weeks of treatment,the efficacy of the two groups was observed.Follow-up was conducted 3 months after the end of the treatment to record any recurrence.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The improvement in symptom scores was more significant in the observation group than in the control group(P＜0.05).There was inter-group statistical significance in comparing the cross-sectional area and fatty infiltration of certain cervical muscles(P＜0.05).In addition,the recurrence rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:On the basis of the same Tuina manipulation treatment,the efficacy of traditional Qigong exercise in treating CDH is superior to that of conventional neck exercise,with more significant improvements in pain and quality of life and a lower recurrence rate.

Effects of horse-riding squat exercise plus Governor Vessel-regulating Tuina therapy on static balance function in patients with stroke / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the effect of horse-riding squat exercise plus Governor Vessel-regulating Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)therapy on static balance function in patients with stroke.Methods:A total of 176 stroke patients were enrolled as the study subjects and divided into four groups by the random number table method,namely horse-riding squat+Tuina group,horse-riding squat group,Tuina group,and control group,with 44 cases in each group.The control group was treated with rehabilitation balance training.The horse-riding squat+Tuina group,horse-riding squat group,and Tuina group were treated with additional horse-riding squat exercise plus Tuina,horse-riding squat exercise,and Tuina treatment,respectively.Four weeks of treatment was regarded as one treatment course.After 1 treatment course,the balance function of the four groups was compared.Results:After treatment,the ellipse area of motion and the length of motion in all four groups were reduced,and the intra-group differences were all statistically significant(P＜0.05).The difference in the ellipse area of motion before and after treatment in the horse-riding squat+Tuina group and the horse-riding squat group was larger than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The difference in the ellipse area of motion before and after treatment in the horse-riding squat+Tuina group was larger than that in the Tuina group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The difference in the length of motion before and after treatment in the horse-riding squat+Tuina group,the horse-riding squat group,and the Tuina group was greater than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the pairwise comparison between the horse-riding squat+Tuina group,the horse-riding squat group,and the Tuina group(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Horse-riding squat exercise plus Governor Vessel-regulating Tuina therapy can effectively improve the static balance function in patients with stroke.Training the affected lower limb weight-bearing exercise,adjusting the center of gravity distribution,and promoting the mutual balance and coordination between muscle groups may be the mechanism of improving the static balance function.

Study on the antipyretic mechanism of large pushing Tianheshui for young rabbits with endotoxin-induced fever / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the effect of large pushing Tianheshui manipulation intervention on the body temperature of young rabbits with endotoxin-induced fever and discuss its antipyretic mechanism.Methods:Thirty-two young rabbits meeting the standards were selected from 40 ordinary young male New Zealand rabbits after being adapted for 7 d,and randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a large pushing Tianheshui group,and an ibuprofen group according to the random number table method,with 8 rabbits in each group.Rabbits in the model group,the large pushing Tianheshui group,and the ibuprofen group were subjected to preparing the endotoxin-induced fever model by intravenous lipopolysaccharide from the marginal ear vein.Rabbits in the large pushing Tianheshui group received Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)manipulation intervention 1.5 h and 2.5 h after modeling,respectively.Rabbits in the ibuprofen group were intragastrically given ibuprofen suspension 1.5 h after modeling.The dynamic changes in body temperature were observed for the young rabbits after fever modeling.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the content changes in positive mediators of hypothalamic body temperature,including prostaglandin(PG)E2 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP),as well as negative mediators of hypothalamic body temperature,including arginine vasopressin(AVP)and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone(α-MSH).Results:The body temperature of the young rabbits in the model group was significantly higher than that in the normal group at 0.5-4.0 h,5.0 h,and 5.5 h after modeling(P＜0.01),showing two obvious fever peaks in the model group at 1.5 h and 3.0 h after modeling,respectively,with the highest peak at 1.5 h.Compared with the model group,body temperatures of the large pushing Tianheshui group and the ibuprofen group decreased significantly after 0.5 h of intervention(P＜0.05).Compared with the normal group,the contents of PGE2 and cAMP were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the contents of AVP and α-MSH were significantly decreased(P＜0.01)in the hypothalamus of the model group.Compared with the model group,the contents of PGE2 and cAMP were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and the levels of AVP and α-MSH were significantly increased(P＜0.01)in the hypothalamus in the large pushing Tianheshui group and the ibuprofen group.There were no significant differences in the PGE2,cAMP,AVP,and α-MSH contents in the hypothalamus between the ibuprofen group and the large pushing Tianheshui group(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Large pushing Tianheshui manipulation has a significant antipyretic effect on endotoxin-induced fever in young rabbits.The mechanism may be related to inhibiting the positive regulators(PGE2 and cAMP)and promoting the negative regulators(AVP and α-MSH)of hypothalamic control of body temperature.

Therapeutic efficacy evaluation of Tuina at points on abdomen and back meridians for infantile colic / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) at points on abdomen and back meridians in the treatment of infantile colic.Methods: A total of 120 infants with intestinal colic were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 60 cases in each group. In the control group, the parents of the infants were given soothing and health education. In addition to the intervention used in the control group, the observation group was treated with Tuina at points on abdomen and back meridians once a day for 5 consecutive days as a course of treatment. The pain scale score and clinical symptoms of the two groups were recorded before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The pain scale score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the 24 h behavior diary indicators, the daily attack duration, the daily attack times, and the weekly attack days in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Tuina at points on abdomen and back meridians is effective and safe in the treatment of infantile colic.

Effects of tendon-regulating and stretching manipulation combined with JIN's three-needle therapy for the shoulder on pain and shoulder joint function in subacromial impingement syndrome / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the effects of tendon-regulating and stretching manipulation plus JIN's three-needle therapy for the shoulder on pain and shoulder joint function in subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Methods: Eighty patients with SIS were recruited and divided into a control group and a treatment group by the random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group was given JIN's three-needle therapy for the shoulder, and the treatment group received additional tendon-regulating and stretching manipulation. The visual analog scale (VAS) score and constant-Murley score (CMS) were observed before and after the intervention, and the total effective rate was also observed. Results: The total effective rate was 92.5％ in the treatment group versus 70.0％ in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The VAS score and CMS changed notably after treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the improvements were markedly greater in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Tendon-regulating and stretching manipulation plus JIN's three-needle therapy for the shoulder can facilitate the relief of pain and the improvement of shoulder joint function in SIS patients.

Exploring the effect of Tuina on the dendritic structure of spinal cord dorsal horn in rats with lumbar disc herniation based on NR2B/PSD-95 pathway / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To investigate the analgesic mechanism of Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) by observing the effect of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B)/postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) pathway on the dendritic structure of spinal cord dorsal horn in rats with lumbar disc herniation. Methods: Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a Tuina group, a blocker agent group, and a blocker agent + Tuina group. The sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) model was prepared by the sciatic nerve ligation method. From the 4th day after modeling, rats in the Tuina group and the blocker agent + Tuina group were subject to daily Tuina intervention, and those in the blocker agent group and the blocker agent + Tuina group were daily intrathecally injected with NR2B blocker agent (MK-801). The spontaneous pain score was used to observe the pain behavior of all rats. The expression levels of NR2B and downstream PSD-95 were measured by immunohistochemistry, and the dendritic structure changes were observed by Golgi staining for rat spinal cord dorsal horn after 14 d of continuous intervention. Results: Compared with the blank group, the degree of rat spontaneous pain after CCI was elevated in both the model and the Tuina groups (P<0.01) and was reduced in the Tuina group after the Tuina intervention compared with the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the rat spontaneous pain level after blocking NR2B was reduced in both the blocker agent group and the blocker agent + Tuina group (P<0.05). The NR2B and PSD-95 protein levels were significantly higher in the model group compared with the blank group (P<0.01); the total number of dendritic branches was increased (P<0.01), and the total dendritic length became longer (P<0.01) in the spinal cord dorsal horn. The rat NR2B and PSD-95 protein levels were significantly decreased in the Tuina group compared with the model group (P<0.01); the total dendritic branch number was reduced (P<0.01) and the total length was shortened (P<0.01) in the spinal cord dorsal horn. After blocking NR2B, the expression levels of NR2B and downstream PSD-95 protein were significantly lower in both the blocker agent group and the blocker agent + Tuina group compared to the model group (P<0.01). The total branch number was significantly reduced (P<0.01), and the total length was significantly shortened (P<0.01) of the dendrites in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Conclusion: Tuina may exert an analgesic effect by remodeling the dendritic structure in the spinal cord dorsal horn in rats with lumbar disc herniation, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NR2B/PSD-95 signaling pathway.

Immediate effect of small-angle Tui-Pushing and An-Pressing anti-rotation bone-setting manipulation in improving the treatment of braces for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the immediate effect of small-angle Tui-Pushing and An-Pressing anti-rotation bone-setting manipulation in improving the correction of braces for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Methods: A total of 50 cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were selected and given brace correction first. The whole spine anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were taken, the Cobb angle was measured, and the visual analog scale (VAS) score of pain caused by brace wearing was recorded. After removal of the brace, small-angle Tui-Pushing and An-Pressing anti-rotation bone-setting manipulation was performed once. After treatment, the same brace was put on again to take a whole spine anteroposterior radiograph, the Cobb angle was measured, and the VAS score was recorded. The changes in Cobb angle and VAS score after manipulation were compared, and the immediate efficacy was evaluated. Results: After the manipulation, the Cobb angle was significantly smaller than that before treatment (P<0.01) and the VAS score was significantly lower than that before treatment (P<0.01). Conclusion: Small-angle Tui-Pushing and An-Pressing anti-rotation bone-setting manipulation can improve the immediate efficacy of brace in treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and relieve the pain caused by brace wearing at the same time.

Effects of Tuina on cartilage degradation and chondrocyte terminal differentiation in rats with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) in a knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rat model and its influence on proteins associated with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Methods: A total of 32 specific-pathogen-free grade Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Eight rats were randomly selected as the control group (CG). The remaining 24 rats underwent intra-articular injections with 0.2 mL of 4％ papain to prepare the KOA rat models. After the model was established, the 24 rats were randomly and equally assigned to 3 groups, including a model group (MG), a Tuina group (TG), and a positive medicine group (PMG), with 8 rats in each group. The Lequesne score was applied to evaluate the success of model development. After the model was successfully established, the CG did not receive any intervention, and the TG was treated with local, clockwise annular Rou-Kneading around the knee joint with the thumbs. The pressure in the longitudinal direction was 3 N, and the frequency was designed to be 120-140 times/min for 15 min, followed by flexing the joint 10 times. The PMG was intragastrically administered with celecoxib [24 mg/(kg·bw)] every day. These interventions were performed once a day, 6 d per week, for a total of 4 weeks. After treatment, the Lequesne score was applied again to assess the severity of the KOA in the rats; hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and a mixture of equal volumes of aqueous solutions of safranin O-fast green were used to stain and observe the cartilage morphology and structure; the modified Mankin score was applied to evaluate the pathology; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was used to quantify the C-telopeptide fragments of type Ⅱ collagen (CTX-Ⅱ) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP); Western blotting was then applied to quantify Wnt4, β-catenin, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) protein expression; immunohistochemistry was conducted to determine the percentage of collagen type X (ColX)-positive cells. Results: The Lequesne score of the TG and PMG was both lower than that of the MG (P<0.01); the HE staining, safranin O-fast green stained morphology and structure, and modified Mankin scores of the TG and the PMG were also better than those in the MG (P<0.01). Compared with the CG, the amounts of CTX-Ⅱ and COMP in the serum were significantly increased (P<0.01); the expression of Wnt4, β-catenin, MMP-13, and BMP-2 proteins in the cartilage tissue was significantly increased (P<0.01), and the percentage of ColX-positive chondrocytes was significantly increased (P<0.01) in the MG. In comparison with those in the MG, the amounts of CTX-Ⅱ and COMP were significantly decreased (P<0.01), the expression of Wnt4, β-catenin, MMP-13, and BMP-2 proteins was significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the percentage of ColX-positive chondrocytes was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the TG and PMG. Compared with the PMG, the contents of CTX-Ⅱ and COMP and the expression of Wnt4, β-catenin, MMP-13, and BMP-2 proteins were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the percentage of ColX-positive chondrocytes was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the TG. Conclusion: Tuina can relieve the degeneration of KOA, and the mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the decrease in MMP-13 and BMP-2 protein expression, the reduction in chondrocyte extracellular matrix degradation, and slowing down the terminal cell differentiation.

Intense pulsed light combined with meibomian gland massage and diquafosol sodium eye drops in the treatment of lipid deficiency / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To explore the efficacy of intense pulsed light combined with meibomian gland massage and diquafosol eye drops in lipid deficiency dry eye disease and related cytokines.METHODS: A total of 511 patients(1 022 eyes)with lipid deficiency dry eye diagnosed in the ophthalmology clinic of our hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into two groups according to the patient's wishes: 294 cases(588 eyes)in the study group were treated with diquafosol sodium eye drops combined with intense pulsed light and meibomian gland massage, while 217 cases(434 eyes)in the control group were treated with artificial tears combined with intense pulsed light and meibomian gland massage. The levels of tear tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and lactoferrin(LF)before and after treatment were detected, the corneal fluorescein staining(CFS)score, tear film break-up time(BUT), and Schirmer Ⅰ(SⅠt)under no surface anesthesia, ocular surface disease index(OSDI)were compared, the correlation between TNF-α, IL-1β, LF levels and CFS, BUT, SⅠt, OSDI before treatment was analyzed, and the occurrence of adverse reactions was observed.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in preoperative OSDI, SⅠt, BUT, CFS and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and LF between the two groups(P&#x003E;0.05). The SⅠt, BUT, CFS and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and LF in the study group at 3, 6 and 9wk after treatment were better than those of control group(P&#x003C;0.05). There were no differences in OSDI score of both groups at 9wk after treatment(P&#x003E;0.05). The TNF-α and IL-1β were negatively correlated with SⅠt and BUT, while they were positively correlated with CFS and OSDI; LF and SⅠt were positively correlated with SⅠt and BUT, while they were negatively correlated with CFS and OSDI(all P&#x003C;0.01); The adverse reaction rate of the study group(5.78%)was significantly lower than that of the control group(11.52%; P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: Intense pulsed light combined with meibomian gland massage and diquafosol sodium eye drops is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of lipid deficiency dry eye.

Heterogeneity of Outcomes Reporting in Trials Evaluating Traditional Chinese Medicine Breast Massage for Stasis Acute Mastitis: A Methodological Review / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To systematically analyze the current status of outcomes reporting in clinical trials on treating stasis acute mastitis with Traditional Chinese Medicine breast massage.Methods We searched CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane library, JBI, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Clinical Trials Registry Platform portal, Clinical Trials Registry, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, Center Watch Registry from inception to May 15, 2022 to find randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, case series and cohort studies which reported the outcomes of stasis acute mastitis managed with Traditional Chinese Medicine breast massage, with search terms of mastitis, acute mastitis, lactation mastitis, puerperal mastitis, breast problem, breast engorgement, milk stasis, blocked ducked, breast pain, breast massage, and acupoint massage. Outcomes and the measurement schemes (measurement methods, timing of assessing outcome, frequency of assessing outcome, measurers) were extracted from the included studies. We used the Management of Otitis Media with Effusion in Children with Cleft Palate (MOMENT) to assess the quality of each study, then categorized outcomes derived from the included studies into different domains according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Arthritis Clinic Trials (OMERACT) Filter 2.1 framework.Results We identified 85 clinical trials, in which 54 different outcomes were reported. A total of 81.2% (69/85) of studies were assessed as medium quality with a mean score of 2.6, and 18.8% (16/85) as low quality with a mean score of 0.9. These outcomes were organized in three core areas. Lump size (89.4%, 76/85) was the most frequently reported outcome, followed by breast pain (69.4%, 59/85) and milk excretion (68.2%, 58/85). Five methods were used to assess lump size and four methods to assess breast pain.Conclusions The outcomes reported in clinical trials regarding stasis acute mastitis treated by Traditional Chinese Medicine breast massage are heterogeneous. Developing a core outcome set to achieve consistent standards for reporting outcomes and modalities for validation of the outcomes is clearly warranted.