Exploration on writing features and learning strategies of English biomedical research papers / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Writing and publishing biomedical research papers in English for academic purposes (EAP) has become an essential requirement for medical postgraduates in China. To face this challenge, medical postgraduates need adapt themselves to the local environment of English as a second language and the transformation from writing for examinations to writing for application. This change determines the features of biomedical research papers, including being application-oriented, using clear and concise language, organizing the discourse by specific genre rules, and assessing the quality according to the completion of communicative purposes. Based on these features, students can exploit the learning strategies of choosing a word suited for the style, structuring a sentence according to the logic, creating a paragraph of continuity and one main idea, and composing the discourse in line with the genre. These strategies may help medical postgraduates effectively improve their ability to write biomedical research papers in English.

Cross-sectional study of emotional quotient among post graduate students in Rajarajeswari medical college and hospital, Bengaluru

Background: Medical education in India traditionally emphasizes physician’s medical knowledge with less emphasis on interpersonal skills and ability to relate to the patients. Emotional intelligence is desirable among doctors to contribute towards patient centered practice, patient satisfaction as well as effective communication skills. This study was undertaken to assess the emotional quotient of postgraduate medical students and to investigate its relationship with various factors to act as baseline for future work in this area.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among all postgraduate students of Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru over a period of two months. Emotional quotient (EQ) was assessed using a pretested, semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0. All qualitative variables were presented as frequency and percentages.Results: Total respondents in the study were 173. Emotional Quotient was assessed based on four factors; self- awareness, self-management, social awareness and social skills, by plotting the results on a 1(lowest) to 10(high score) scale. Majority of respondents 79.76% (self awareness) and 71.79% (self management) had low scores (below 6). More females (74.73%) obtained low scores as compared to males (67.94%) in self management. In social awareness 61.53% males had low scores compared to 55.78% in females. Self management and social skills were better in postgraduates of surgical fields whereas postgraduates in medical fields had high scores in social awareness.Conclusions: Emotional quotient with its four main components is low among most of the postgraduates. This was more so in self awareness domain.

The application of PDCA cycle in the bio-safety training for research-oriented medical postgradu-ates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The laboratory of science and technology center at general hospital explored the appli-cation of PDCA cycle in the bio-safety training for research-oriented medical postgraduates, and then analyzed the effect of the training. The laboratory applied the PDCA cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) into the bio-safety training practice based on its own characteristics. The 4 links of bio-safety practice including bio-safety factors analysis, training plan implementation, training effectiveness evaluation and problems feed-back were integrated with 4 processes of PDCA cycle management. In view of the problems existing in the laboratory bio-safety training, the PDCA cycle model was applied to bio-safety training. Though the PDCA cycle, the laboratory can establish a bio-logical safety quality monitoring mechanism and achieve the system-atization, standardization and normalization of biosafety training.

Investigation and analysis of professional ethics of clinical medical postgraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To understand the cognition of clinical medical postgraduates' professional ethics,in order to provide the basis for the further development of graduate professional ethics education.Methods The survey was carried out among 650 graduate students of the first hospital of Jilin University by self-designed questionnaires.The questionnaires included the general situation and the understanding of professional ethics of medicine.All data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0,using Chi-square test to compare the results in different grades about the understanding of professional ethics.Results In this study,a total of 650 questionnaires were issued,and 629 valid questionnaires were collected with a recovery rate of 96.7％.Most graduates' professional values were in line with the socialist core values.For example,for the attitude of medical workers to accept red envelopes,410 graduate students (65.2％) firmly opposed to accepting this behavior.For the purpose of the study medicine,there was no statistically significant difference among different grades (P=0.273).For the attitude of red paper,the main problem in medical ethics education and the biggest factor for graduates,there was statistically significant difference among different grades (P=0.012,P=0.002,P=0.002,respectively).Conclusion At present,the professional ethics of postgraduates in clinical medicine is in good condition,but still needs to be improved.We can give further education and guidance to students for the problems existing in graduate students of different grades.

Research on training quality guarantee system of medical graduate students based on project management / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Aiming at the problems faced by the medical postgraduate students in the cooperative medical education and the classified training mode,combined with the characteristics of the cultivation of medical postgraduates,the article constructed the quality guarantee system of graduate education based on project management.From the three dimensions of time dimension,corpus dimension and objective dimension,the article established a model of training quality guarantee system and analyzed the four work modules:construction of project organization,standardization of whole life cycle process,control of project quality and integration of project information.In addition,the article introduced the practice of this quality guarantee system in Binzhou Medical University.

Investigation on the Influence of Medical Postgraduates' Awareness of Mental Health Knowledge on Discrimination against Patients with Mental Disorders / 中国医学伦理学

Objective:To explore the discrimination against the patients with mental disorders and current situation of awareness of mental health knowledge of medical postgraduates and their relationship.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 132 medical postgraduates in October 2016 using the assessment scale of discrimination against patients with mental disorders and mental health knowledge awareness questionnaire,which derived from mental health work indicators survey and evaluation program issued by the General Office of the Ministry of Health in 2010.Results:There was significant gender difference (P ＜0.01)in the overall score and the score of each dimension of assessment scale of discrimination against patients with mental disorders,and the score of mental health knowledge was (13.93-± 3.13).There was significant negative correlation between scores of assessment scale of discrimination against patients with mental disorders and mental health knowledge.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that awareness of mental health knowledge could predict the discrimination against the patients with mental disorders and all its factors.Conclusion:Awareness of mental health knowledge in medical post graduates can predict the discrimination against the patients with mental disorders.Medical universities should carry out corresponding education and publicity work with pertinence.

Strategies to improve the writing quality of English abstracts in medical postgraduates′research papers / 医学研究生学报

In order to continuously improve the level of English abstracts for medical postgraduates , this paper introduces the definition, purpose, types, contents and writing strategies of English abstracts .It also introduces the writing difference and evolution of the word abstractand the writing tips of all kinds of abstracts , especially the structured abstract .In reference to international and do-mestic writing criteria , it points out the problems which should be paid attention to in writing English abstracts and tried to develop the students′consciousness in improving their level of writing English abstracts so that their thesis will be better recognized and cited by in -ternational experts , thus promoting the international academic exchanges as well as the development of China ′s medical undertakings .

Investigation of the influence of professional identity on the personal development of medical post-graduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The professional identity of medical postgraduates has great influence on their profes-sional learning, career development and realization of self-value. The effect factors of the professional iden-tity are as following:the conflict between personal needs and professional requirements, professional employ-ment prospect, the social recognition of medical profession and individuality. In this article, we suggest a feasible way to improve the professional identity for medical postgraduates by developing an interest in medical profession, optimizing specialty structure and improving personal comprehensive quality.

The application of coherent learning method in the training for clinical medical postgraduate / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To train self-learning ability,clinical reasoning and comprehensive analytical ability of clinical medical postgraduates,we introduced the classic cases from the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) and made the coherent learning method of Learn classic cases-report clinical cases-write case reports.Students were required to learn the classic cases of NEJM independently,to report clinical cases based on classic cases' level and to write a high level case report.We encouraged students to learn independently and to learn to use it.The practice has proved that the coherent learning method is a gradual and systematic learning method,which can train clinical medical postgraduates' all-round abilities and help them to grow up to qualified doctors.

Evidence Based Medicine: Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes and Barriers in Post-graduate Training.

Aims: To assess the knowledge and attitude of post- graduate medical students regarding evidence based medicine (EBM) and to find out the barriers against its implementation, if any. Study Design: Medical college based cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out between October 2013 to March 2014, at a medical college in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Methodology: Altogether 145 post-graduate medical students of clinical disciplines filled up a predesigned, pre-tested, structured questionnaire and data were analyzed by standard statistical procedures. Results: The mean knowledge score was found to be 13.46±3.10. The score was arbitrary, ranged from 0 to 20 and higher score corresponded to higher knowledge. The distribution of the mean knowledge score among <30 years (13.34±3.28) and ≥30 years (13.67±2.62) was the same across these two categories (P =.62). Large proportions of the respondents were not familiar with reputed EBM resources such as Cochrane data base (66.9%) and Best Evidence (67.6%). Use of Medline was also quite poor (35.9%). Nearly half of them did not think that EBM was focused on patient’s values and preferences and many believed that EBM would place another demand on the already overburdened residents and doctors. Quite a large proportion thought that EBM would be of limited value in clinical practice. However the mean attitude score (21.23±4.06) showed an overall favorable attitude towards EBM. There was a positive correlation between the mean knowledge and attitude scores (P =.008). The common barriers against the implementation of evidence-based medicine were “no ready access to resources” (68.3) and “never taught on the subject” (56.6%). Conclusion: Although many of the respondents were not adequately knowledgeable about evidence-based medicine and also quite a few had a negative attitude towards its practicality, the positive correlation between knowledge attitude scores suggested that imparting proper knowledge could bring about a positive change in this attitude.

Compiling textbooks to reform the paper writing course for Chinese medical postgraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

As a new interdisciplinary course, the current paper writing course for medical postgraduates exhibits certaln disadvantages. For example, the course does not well target the learners' needs because of the absence of the needs analysis before class;English or biomedical teachers fall to combine English with medicine, thus unable to provide ideal courses. As textbooks are an important means to improve the quality of the course, one way to reform the course is to compile high-quality textbooks by interdisciplinary talents. Meanwhile, the compiling process should be guided by needs analysis as well as the teaching and editing experiences. In addition, the textbooks need to be con-tinuously improved in teaching practice.

Analysis of factors affecting clinical postgraduates study for medical statistics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To explore the factors that affect the teaching effect of medical statistics study for clinical postgraduates and to provide a reference for further improving teaching Quality. Methods Four hundred and eighty-nine students who had attended Medical statistics in 2013 Fall semester were surveyed by the self-designed questionnaire. The Logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting the learning effect. Results A total of 489 questionnaires were distributed and 488 valid questionnaires were returned (the return rate was 99.80%). 71.11% (347/488) were entirely in favor of giving medical statistics course while 23.98% were relatively supportive. Statistics recognition, learning motivation, finishing homework and the satisfaction of learning were the factors that affect the grades. The OR values are 1.547, 1.723, 1.374, 1.433 for the above four factors respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion In medical statistics teaching, it can improve students' performance by introducing case study, simplifying the mathematical formula, combi-ning the theory and computer statistical software practice, and improving teaching methods, which helps improve the quality of teaching.

Application of collaborative inquiry in teaching of medical information literacy / 中华医学图书情报杂志

Collaborative inquiry applied in teaching of literature retrieval course is beneficial for the unity and cooperation between teachers and students,and their independent study ability. Described in this paper is the collabo-rative inquiry in teaching of information retrieval course with its target, methods and program carefully designed for medical postgraduates according to the students-oriented construction theory, which can promote the growth up of teachers and students, and learn the frontier and innovative theories, and practical knowledge.

Survey and analysis of medical postgraduates' ideological and political awareness / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To survey and analyze medical postgraduates' ideological and political awareness to provide evidence for improvement of ideological and political education.Methods By using the self-made questionnaire a survey was conducted among 1 199 medical postgraduates from April 1,2013 to April 10.The questionnaire included general condition,politics status,religion,collective consciousness,learning goals,the view about the construction of ideological and political education counselor team,etc.Advice and suggestions were given according to the analysis of the results.Results A total of 1 169 valid questionnaires were collected.Among all the members,the communist party members and league members account for 33.7％ and 47.6％,respectively; 92.5％ of the students had no religious beliefs; 15.1％ served as departments cadres,6.4％ served as universitylevel cadres; 41.3％ of the students thought their tutors care for them very much,and 66.9％ of the students could communicate with tutors weekly; 38.9％ of the students complained the main pressure came from family,while 24.2％ thought the main pressure came from the employment pressure; 47.5％ thought it was very necessary to establish a professional counselor team.Conclusions The survey is scientific and reasonable,providing a reliable basis to improve our postgraduate education.Most medical postgraduates have a firm and correct political position,and their world oudook and outlook on life are basically stable.However,there are many problems needed to be solved immediately.Considering the particularity of graduate education,it is necessary to reinforce the professional counselor and tutor team and further explore the medical postgraduates' ideological and political awareness education to promote the development of postgraduate education.

Research of standardizing medical postgraduate reexamination in the sight of students’ quality improvement / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Improved medical postgraduate reexamination system is essential to the quality of students. In this study, organization of medical postgraduate reexamination was discussed from the perspectives of preliminary arrangements of medical postgraduate reexamination, fairness of reexami-nation process and improvement of the follow-up after the reexamination. Sufficient attention on the re-examination, effective supervision of the reexamination process and control of human factors were the three main factors for the successful medical postgraduate reexamination and effective guarantee for the improvement of postgraduate quality.

Analysis on link between culturing of professional degree clinical medicine postgraduate and standardized residency training / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper analyzed the necessity and feasibility of combining postgraduate education program for clinical medicine major with standardized residency training. Detailed measures for strength-ening the link included specifying the applicants' academic background , improving the validity of the second-round admission test, revising the master degree training program, applying the flexible teaching management, transforming the supervisor recruitment and incentive mechanism, optimizing applicant re-quirements for the medical licensing examination, etc. All these measures were intended to improve the quality of talent cultivation in clinical medicine.

Discussion on curriculum provision of biomedical software application for medical postgraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Proper use of biochemical software is helpful for medial post-graduate students to establish scientific thinking behavior during research and to improve their creative capability.Exploration on curriculum of biomedical software application was made based on course objective and content,modern teaching methods and practical assessment methods.Results showed that this training course can enhance the students' understanding and practical skill of related software,which is fundamental for further research work.

Strategies to cultivate critical thinking in medical postgraduates via oral English teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Oral English teaching for Chinese postgraduates has always been focused on the drill of language skills,thus little attention was paid to the cultivation of students' thinking ability. This pa-per explored into the definition and theoretical basis of critical thinking and gave a case analysis of how to integrate the cultivation of critical thinking skills into the oral English classrooms in an effec-tive way. The questionnaire and interview among students showed that questioning,controversial dia-logue,debate and survey can help students to form the habit of critical thinking in an effective way and are also proved to be popular among medical postgraduates.

Compilation of questionnaires of research motivation and related psychological factors for medical postgraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To develop questionnaires to indentify research motivation and its related psychological factors for medical postgraduates.Methods The questionnaire was developed based on previous literature and case interview by using self-determination theory as the theoretical framework.Delphi method and stratified factor analysis were used to examine the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results The questionnaires included 2 sections:research motivation questionnaire and related psychological factors questionnaire.The Cranach's α of each questionnaire was 0.89 and 0.90 and test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.74 and 0.80.The content validity (CVI) of each questionnaire was 0.958 and 0.935,and stratified factor analysis demonstrated that the items of each dimension could account for more than 40％ of the accumulated variance.Conclusion The questionnaires have good reliability and validity and could be applied.

Problems and countermeasures in scientific research of medical postgraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

This paper analyzed the current scientific research situation of medical postgraduates in Xi'an Jiaotong university,stated briefly the existing main problems and relevant influence factors including poor scientific research ability due to low quality enrollment,unreasonable construction of experimental platform,patchy quality of tutor teams et al.To solve the problems above,several policies were proposed,mainly including strengthening basic experimental skills of medical undergraduates,reforming the postgraduate curriculum system,optimizing the building of experimental platform and reinforcing the development of tutor teams.