International cooperation of hospital ship SS HOPE in Natal (1972): health care and education / Cooperación internacional del buque hospital SS HOPE en Natal (1972): salud y educación / Cooperação internacional do navio-hospital SS HOPE em Natal (1972): assistência e educação em saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the activities developed by hospital ship SS HOPE in Natal. Method: this is a qualitative, socio-historical study, elaborated from documentary sources and 16 interviews with health professionals. Thematic Oral History was used for data treatment and analysis. Results: the empirical material identified a wide schedule of courses and lectures as well as made it possible to elaborate the following categories: Health education on hospital ship SS HOPE; Legacy of international cooperation of hospital ship SS HOPE; Statements about the season of hospital ship SS HOPE. Final considerations: the arrival and stay of this hospital ship, for ten months, is the result of negotiations between the University, the State Government and the People to People Foundation. During their stay, education and health care actions were carried out, with the joint participation of health professionals, Potiguares and Americans.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las actividades desarrolladas por el buque hospital SS HOPE en Natal. Método: estudio cualitativo, sociohistórico, basado en fuentes documentales y 16 entrevistas a profesionales de la salud. Se utilizó la Historia Oral Temática para el tratamiento y análisis de los datos. Resultados: el material empírico identificó un amplio programa de cursos y conferencias, además de posibilitar el desarrollo de las siguientes categorías: Educación para la salud en el buque hospital SS HOPE; Legado de la cooperación internacional del buque hospital SS HOPE; Declaraciones sobre la temporada del buque hospital SS HOPE. Consideraciones finales: la llegada y permanencia de este buque hospital, por diez meses, es el resultado de negociaciones entre la Universidad, el Gobierno del Estado y el People to People Foundation. Durante su estadía se realizaron acciones de educación y salud, con la participación conjunta de profesionales de la salud, potiguares y estadounidenses.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as atividades desenvolvidas pelo navio-hospital SS HOPE em Natal. Método: estudo qualitativo, sócio-histórico, elaborado a partir de fontes documentais e da realização de 16 entrevistas com profissionais de saúde. Utilizou-se a História Oral Temática para o tratamento e a análise dos dados. Resultados: o material empírico identificou uma vasta programação de cursos e palestras, assim como possibilitou a elaboração das seguintes categorias: Educação em saúde no navio-hospital SS HOPE; Legado da cooperação internacional do navio-hospital SS HOPE; Enunciados sobre a temporada do navio-hospital SS HOPE. Considerações finais: a vinda e permanência desse navio-hospital, por dez meses, é fruto da negociação entre a Universidade, o Governo do estado e a People to People Foundation. Durante sua estadia, foram realizadas ações de educação e assistência à saúde, com a participação conjunta de profissionais de saúde, potiguares e estadunidenses.

Choosing a hospital assistance ship to fight the covid-19 pandemic / Escolha de navio de assistência hospitalar no combate à pandemia da covid-19

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To apply the THOR 2 multi-criteria support system to select the Brazilian navy's most suitable hospital care vessel (NAsH) to support the fight against the covid-19 pandemic. METHODS: We used the first three stages of the Soft Systems Methodology for structuring and modeling of the problem. For the evaluation and ordering of alternatives, we used the Thor 2 multi-criteria support system, comparing four classes of NAsH in the light of their operational and hospital criteria: "Dr. Montenegro," "Soares Meirelles," "Oswaldo Cruz" and "Tenente Maximiano." The chosen ship would support the amazon hospital system, which has an increasing number of cases of covid-19. RESULTS: After the application of the methods, we analyzed three distinct scenarios of ordering the alternatives, which allowed a robust sensitivity analysis, conferring greater transparency and reliability to the decision-making process. The NAsH "Oswaldo Cruz" was selected to be used in the fight against the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: This study brings valuable contribution to academia and society, since it represents the application of a multi-criteria decision-aid method in the state of the art to contribute to the solution of a real problem that affects millions of people in Brazil and worldwide.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Aplicar o método multicritério THOR 2 para selecionar o navio de assistência hospitalar (NAsH) da Marinha do Brasil mais indicado para apoiar o combate à pandemia de covid-19. MÉTODOS: Para a estruturação e modelagem do problema, foram usados os três primeiros estágios da Soft Systems Methodology. Já para a avaliação e ordenação das alternativas, foi utilizado o método de análise multicritério Thor 2, comparando quatro classes de NAsH à luz de seus critérios operativos e hospitalares: "Dr. Montenegro", "Soares Meirelles", "Oswaldo Cruz" e "Tenente Maximiano". O navio escolhido apoiaria o sistema hospitalar do Amazonas, que apresenta número cada vez maior de casos de covid-19. RESULTADOS: Após a aplicação dos métodos, foi possível analisar três cenários distintos de ordenação das alternativas, o que permitiu uma análise de sensibilidade robusta, conferindo maior transparência e confiabilidade ao processo decisório. O NAsH "Oswaldo Cruz" foi selecionado para ser empregado no combate à pandemia. CONCLUSÕES: Este trabalho traz valiosa contribuição para academia e sociedade, uma vez que representa a aplicação de um método de auxílio à decisão multicritério no estado da arte para contribuir com a solução de um problema real que afeta milhões de pessoas no Brasil e no mundo.

Relief System for Adverse Drug Reactions in Korea / 대한내과학회지

The relief system for adverse drug reactions is a reimbursement system for non-fault injury from drugs that started with the intent of relieving victims of adverse drug reactions despite normal use of the medicines. In Korea, the relief system for adverse drug reactions started on December 19, 2014. To date, the deliberation process for 100 cases of adverse drug reactions has ended, of which 78 cases received relief reimbursement. As this is the early phase of system implementation, efforts to stabilize the system are needed. It is very important for clinicians to participate actively in mediating between the victims of adverse drug reactions and the Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management, to establish an effective relief system. It is also important to implement the most favorable relief system considering the socioeconomic and medical environment in Korea.

El terremoto de 2010 en Chile: respuesta del sistema de salud y de la cooperación internacional / The 2010 earthquake in Chile: the response of the health system and international cooperation

OBJETIVO: Conocer la respuesta que dieron el sistema de salud y la cooperación internacional a la situación de catástrofe generada por el terremoto y el tsunami ocurridos el 27 de febrero de 2010 en Chile, y elaborar propuestas para mejorar las estrategias dirigidas a reducir los efectos devastadores de los desastres naturales. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo y cualitativo con una primera fase de análisis de información secundaria -como artículos de prensa, discursos oficiales e informes técnicos- y una segunda fase de aplicación de entrevistas semi-estructuradas a actores institucionales encargados de la respuesta al desastre desde el sector salud y a usuarios del sistema de salud que actuaron como líderes y/o dirigentes en dicha respuesta. La investigación se desarrolló entre mayo y octubre de 2010 y el levantamiento de información se focalizó en las regiones Maule, Bío Bío y Metropolitana. RESULTADOS: Faltaron procedimientos para el registro, la distribución y el control de las donaciones. Los servicios de salud sufrieron daños importantes, incluida la destrucción total de 10 hospitales. Los hospitales de campaña y los equipos médicos extranjeros fueron valorados por la comunidad. El modelo de salud familiar y el compromiso del personal facilitaron la calidad de la respuesta. Si bien hubo un buen manejo sanitario, se registraron dificultades para enfrentar los problemas de salud mental por la inexistencia de planes locales y de simulacros previos. La población más afectada fue la que vivía en condiciones de pobreza. Las mujeres se convirtieron en líderes sociales organizando a la comunidad. CONCLUSIONES: Aun cuando la respuesta sanitaria frente a la emergencia fue satisfactoria, tanto el sistema de salud como la movilización de la asistencia internacional acusaron falencias que reforzaron inequidades previamente instaladas, demostrando la necesidad de construir planes preventivos multisectoriales y participativos para estar mejor preparados frente a los desastres.

OBJECTIVE: Understand the health system and international cooperation response to the catastrophic situation left by the earthquake and tsunami of 27 February 2010 in Chile, and draft proposals for improving strategies to mitigate the devastating effects of natural disasters. METHODS: Descriptive and qualitative study with a first phase involving the analysis of secondary information-such as news articles, official statements, and technical reports-and a second phase involving semistructured interviews of institutional actors in the public health sector responsible for disaster response and users of the health system who acted as leaders and/or managers of the response. The study was conducted between May and October 2010, and information-gathering focused on the Maule, Bío Bío, and Metropolitan regions. RESULTS: Procedures for recording, distributing, and controlling donations were lacking. The health services suffered significant damage, including the complete destruction of 10 hospitals. The presence of field hospitals and foreign medical teams were appreciated by the community. The family health model and the commitment of personnel helped to ensure the quality of the response. While public health management was generally good, problems dealing with mental health issues were encountered due to a lack of local plans and predisaster simulations. The poor were the most affected. Women became social leaders, organizing the community. CONCLUSIONS: Although the health response to the emergency was satisfactory, both the health system and the mobilization of international assistance suffered from weaknesses that exacerbated existing inequities, revealing the need for multisectoral participatory mitigation plans for better disaster preparedness.

Study on acute mountain sickness and the psychological factors in the relief force during the initial phase of acute plateau exposure / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the acute mountain sickness of servicemen during4.14Yushu earhquake relief work,and analyze the related factors of the sickness at the initial phase of acute plateau exposure.Methods 162 servicemen were sampled randomly and clusteringly from Yushu relief force during.the inidal phase of acute plateau exposure.According to theDiagnosis and treatment principles of the acute mountain sickness,the prevalence of the acute mountain sickness was judged among the servicemen.The scales of general status invested score(GSIS),the self-rating symptom scale(SCL-90)and the life event scale(LES)were used to investigate the related factors of the acute mountain sickness.Results 65.4% of servicemen in earthquake relief work had acute mountain sickness,including mild 17.3%,moderate 31.5%and severe 16.7%.The occurrences of pant,palpitation,dizziness,lips cyanosis and headache,were higher than other symptoms,accounting for 83.6%,79.1%,73.1%,61.2%and 58.2%.The positive significant correlation was found among the symptoms score of acute mountain sickness and age,marriage,trauma history,negative events,and the most genes(somatization,obsession,depression,anxiety,hostility,fear,paranoia,appetite,sleep)and total score of SCL-90(r=0.188～0.619,P<0.01 or 0.05).There was negative significant correlation among the symptoms score and the personality and social support(r=-0.254,P<0.01;r=-0.285,P<0.01).Regression analysis showed that the somatization,personality,marriage,social support and age were more important than other factors.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the acute mountmn sickness in the relief force during the initial phase of acute plateau exposure,and the morbidity rate of acute mountain sickness were correlated with the somatization,personality,marriage,social support and age.

Experience of a Korean Disaster Medical Assistance Team in Sri Lanka after the South Asia Tsunami

On 26 December 2004, a huge tsunami struck the coasts of South Asian countries and it resulted in 29,729 deaths and 16,665 injuries in Sri Lanka. This study characterizes the epidemiology, clinical data and time course of the medical problems seen by a Korean disaster medical assistance team (DMAT) during its deployment in Sri Lanka, from 2 to 8 January 2005. The team consisting of 20 surgical and medical personnel began to provide care 7 days after tsunami in the southern part of Sri Lanka, the Matara and Hambantota districts. During this period, a total of 2,807 patients visited our field clinics with 3,186 chief complaints. Using the triage and refer system, we performed 3,231 clinical examinations and made 3,259 diagnoses. The majority of victims had medical problems (82.4%) rather than injuries (17.6%), and most conditions (92.1%) were mild enough to be discharged after simple management. There were also substantial needs of surgical managements even in the second week following the tsunami. Our study also suggests that effective triage system, self-sufficient preparedness, and close collaboration with local authorities may be the critical points for the foreign DMAT activity.

With Chinese medicine psychology after the disaster the psychology intervenes / 中国医学伦理学

This article analyzes the Chinese medicine psychology the principle,elaborated after earthquake disaster,people's main psychological feature,and proposed the Chinese medicine psychology intervention method.