RESUMO
Introducción: La oclusión intestinal constituye la segunda causa de abdomen agudo quirúrgico y el 20 por ciento de los ingresos en los servicios de urgencia; algunas revisiones muestran que se producen cada año más de 9000 muertes por esta causa. Objetivo: Presentar un paciente oncológico al cual se le realizó una gastrostomía y posteriormente se complicó con una intususcepción. Caso clínico: Paciente de 59 años de edad, al cual se le realizó una gastrostomía alimentaria al presentar disfagia. Días más tarde el paciente se complicó con una oclusión intestinal y falleció en un corto periodo. Conclusiones: La intususcepción es una enfermedad infrecuente en adultos, con una presentación clínica poco específica. Los síntomas cardinales son el dolor de tipo cólico, vómitos, distención abdominal y detención del tránsito intestinal(AU)
Introduction: Intestinal occlusion is the second leading cause of surgical acute abdomen and 20 percent of admissions to emergency services; some reviews show that they produce more than 9000 deaths each year from this cause. Objective: Report a case of an oncological patient who underwent a gastrostomy and subsequently becomes complicated by intussusception. Case presentation: A 59-year-old patient, who underwent an alimentary gastrostomy due to dysphagia. A few days later, the patient developed complications with intestinal occlusion and died within short time. Conclusions: Intussusception is an uncommon disease in adults, with a non-specific clinical presentation. The cardinal symptoms are cramping pain, vomiting, abdominal distension and intestinal transit arrest(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Intussuscepção/complicações , Gastrostomia/métodos , Transtornos de Deglutição , Duração da Terapia , Assistência ao Paciente , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Laparotomia/métodosRESUMO
Introducción: En Cuba, la oclusión intestinal mecánica es una de las causas más frecuentes de abdomen agudo y constituye la segunda causa de cirugía de urgencia. Objetivo: Caracterizar una serie de pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente, con diagnóstico de obstrucción intestinal mecánica. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal en sujetos atendidos durante el año 2022 en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Docente Clínico - Quirúrgico Miguel Enríquez. Se estudiaron 81 pacientes; se recogieron las variables sexo, edad, antecedentes patológicos personales, hábitos tóxicos, estadía hospitalaria, causa de la oclusión intestinal, complicaciones y estado al egreso. Se realizó análisis de frecuencias. Resultados: Hubo mayor porcentaje del sexo femenino (50,6 por ciento), de las edades comprendidas de 31 a 40 años (23,5 por ciento), los pacientes con hipertensión arterial (14,8 por ciento) y los fumadores (18,5 por ciento). La causa más frecuente de oclusión fueron las bridas y adherencias (44,4 por ciento) y la complicación más frecuente fue la bronconeumonía (8 por ciento). Falleció solo el 3,7 por ciento de los pacientes. Conclusiones: Los pacientes se caracterizaron por estar entre la tercera y cuarta décadas de la vida, con predominio del sexo femenino, con antecedentes de salud, sin hábitos tóxicos, con estadía hospitalaria entre 1 y 5 días, presencia de bridas y adherencias como causa de la obstrucción y baja frecuencia de complicaciones y fallecimientos(AU)
Introduction: In Cuba, mechanical intestinal obstruction is one of the most frequent causes of acute abdomen, and is the second cause of emergency surgery. Objective: To characterize a series of patients undergoing surgery with a diagnosis of mechanical intestinal obstruction. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out in the population treated during the year 2022 in the general surgery service of the Miguel Enríquez Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital. The population was made up of 81 patients with whom we worked in its entirety. The variables sex, age, personal pathological history, toxic habits, hospital stay, cause of intestinal obstruction, complications, and status at discharge were studied. A study of absolute and relative frequencies was carried out. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out on subjects treated during 2022 in the general surgery service of the Miguel Enríquez Clinical-Surgical Teaching Hospital. 81 patients were studied; The variables sex, age, personal pathological history, toxic habits, hospital stay, cause of intestinal obstruction, complications and status at discharge were collected. Frequency analysis was performed. Results: There was a higher percentage of females (50.6 percent), aged between 31 and 40 years (23.5 percent), patients with high blood pressure (14.8 percent) and smokers (18.5 percent). The most common cause of occlusion was flanges and adhesions (44.4 percent), and the most common complication was bronchopneumonia (8 percent). Only 3.7 percent of patients died. Conclusions: The patients are characterized by being between the third and fourth decades of life, with a predominance of the female sex, with a health history, without toxic habits, with a hospital stay between 1 and 5 days, presence of flanges and adhesions as a cause of obstruction and low frequency of complications and deaths(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Dor Abdominal , Abdome Agudo/cirurgia , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Obstrução Intestinal/cirurgia , Aderências Teciduais/etiologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Observacionais como AssuntoRESUMO
Wandering spleen (WS) is a rare entity characterized by laxity of peritoneal ligaments that hold the spleen stationary. It is most commonly diagnosed in children and young women. Clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic to acute abdomen. A 19-year-old woman came to the emergency department with history of progressive abdominal pain. She also had previous episodes of hematemesis. A computed tomography scan showed an ectopic spleen with a "whirlpool sign." Laparotomy and splenectomy were performed. WS is characterized by a long vascular pedicle and laxity of peritoneal attachments of the spleen. The etiology is usually congenital. Splenopexy is the main treatment; however, splenectomy is indicated when splenic infarction is present. Despite being rare, this condition may be considered in some cases of abdominal pain. An earlier diagnosis would have allowed us to perform a splenopexy, thus reducing morbidity. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Baço Flutuante/diagnóstico , Baço Flutuante/complicações , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Hipertensão Portal/etiologiaRESUMO
La enteritis eosinofílica, es una patología rara, caracterizada por infiltración de eosinófilos en una o más capas histológicas en diferentes niveles del tracto gastrointestinal, siendo el estómago e intestino delgado los más afectados; su cuadro clínico, inespecífico, caracterizado por dolor abdominal, náusea, vómito, diarrea o estreñimiento, pérdida de peso y ascitis, con presencia o ausencia de eosinofilia en la biometría. Reporte de caso Paciente masculino de 51 años de edad, acudió a emergencia por distensión abdominal y náusea, al examen físico en la palpación intenso dolor y distención abdominal, percusión timpánico y abolición de ruidos hidroaéreos. La analítica reportó leucocitosis con neutrofilia, radiografía de abdomen íleo adinámico, en la ecografía abdominal presencia de imágenes tubulares con aspecto de diana, asociado a líquido libre purulento en fosa ilíaca derecha y fondo de saco vésico rectal. Un cuadro clínico compatible con abdomen agudo de resolución quirúrgica, se realizó laparotomía exploratoria (AU);
The eosinophilic enteritis is a rare pathology, characterized by infiltration of eosinophils in one or more histological layers at different levels of the gastrointestinal tract, the stomach and small intestine being the most affected; its nonspecific clinical picture, characterized by abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, weight loss and ascites, with the presence or absence of eosinophilia in the biometry. Enteritis eosinofílica, una causa extraña de abdomen agudo. reporte de caso clínico Eosinophilic enteritis, a strange cause of acute abdomen year-old male patient came to the emergency room due to abdominal distention and nausea, to physical examination on palpation, intense abdominal pain and distention, tympanic percussion and abolition of air-fluid sounds. Laboratory analysis reported leukocytosis with neutrophilia, abdominal ileus adynamic radiography, abdominal ultrasound presence of tubular images with a target appearance, associated with free purulent fluid in the right iliac fossa and rectal vesicum fundus. A clinical picture compatible with an acute abdomen with surgical resolution, an exploratory laparotomy was performed (AU);
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Enterite/complicações , Eosinofilia/complicações , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Enterite/cirurgia , Enterite/diagnóstico por imagem , Eosinofilia/cirurgia , Eosinofilia/sangue , Abdome Agudo/cirurgia , Abdome Agudo/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Diagnostic laparoscopy is a surgical diagnostic procedure used to examine the organs inside the abdomen by mean of an optic fiber. The patient with acute abdominal pain and with a not clearly etiology, can represent a great challenge at the moment to perform a definitive diagnosis at urgency. The paraclinic studies must be required considering the particular characteristics of each patient and its clinical presentation at the moment of the medical attention. Considering the more frequent indications for the laparoscopic approach, the diagnostic laparoscopy, occupies the third place after the acute appendicitis and the acute cholecistitis. The aim of this report was to consider a casuistic of 356 patients with acute abdominal pain of uncertain etiology, studied by the authors. Of these patients, the 88% were females. From the rsults obtained, it becomes evident that the video diagnostic laparoscopy proved to be an effective technique in the emergency department with benefit for the patients, mainly for acute cases
Assuntos
Humanos , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Laparoscopia/reabilitação , Emergências , Abdome Agudo/diagnóstico , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Abdome Agudo/terapiaRESUMO
Resumen Introducción: Los aneurismas infecciosos constituyen una patología poco frecuente y se caracterizan por presentar infección de la pared del vaso implicado. El mejor tratamiento no está definitivamente establecido. Objetivo: Describir un caso de aneurisma infeccioso con manejo endovascular. Caso clínico: Presentamos un paciente de sexo masculino de 75 años que ingresa por cuadro compatible con abdomen agudo y que en el posoperatorio se pesquisa un aneurisma infeccioso del tronco celíaco, el cual se trata mediante una endoprótesis y manejo antibiótico. Discusión: El manejo tradicional del aneurisma infeccioso es la cirugía abierta que incluye la extirpación o exclusión del aneurisma y de su tejido perivascular infectado, pero conlleva gran morbimortalidad. Conclusión: El aneurisma infeccioso puede ser manejado de forma mínimamente invasiva con técnica endovascular, con baja morbilidad inmediata, pero con resultados a largo plazo aun no concluyentes.
Introduction: Infectious aneurysms are a rare disease and are characterized by infection of the involved vessel wall. The best treatment is definitely not established. Aim: To describe a case of infectious aneurysm with endovascular management. Case report: We present a 75-year-old male patient admitted to a table compatible with acute abdomen and that an infectious aneurysm of the celiac trunk is investigated in the postoperative period, treated with an endoprosthesis and antibiotic management. Discussion: The traditional management of the infectious aneurysm is open surgery that includes the removal or exclusion of the aneurysm and its infected perivascular tissue, but it leads to great morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: The infectious aneurysm can be managed minimally invasively with endovascular technique, with immediate low morbidity, but with long-term results that are still inconclusive.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Aneurisma Infectado/diagnóstico , Aneurisma Infectado/terapia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Abscesso Hepático/complicações , Próteses e Implantes , Angiografia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Abscesso Hepático/diagnósticoRESUMO
La anisakiasis es una zoonosis cada vez más prevalente especialmente en países europeos, causada por la ingesta del nemátodo del género Anisakis en su tercer estadio larvario tras el consumo de pescado crudo o poco cocido. Puede producir una afectación gastrointestinal y también una reacción de hipersensibilidad a las proteínas del parasito. Presentamos un caso de anisakiasis gástrica acompañada de hipersensibilidad (forma gastroalérgica) tras la ingesta de pescado crudo.
Anisakiasis is a zoonosis with an increasing prevalence, especially in European countries, caused by the ingestion of the nematode of the genre Anisakis in its third larvae stage after consuming undercooked or raw fish. It may produce gastrointestinal symptoms and hypersensitivity reactions to the proteins of the worm. We present a case of gastric anisakiasis accompanied by hypersensitivity symptoms (gastroallergic form) after the ingestion of raw fish.
Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Anisaquíase/diagnóstico , Abdome Agudo/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Emergências , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Abdome Agudo/etiologiaRESUMO
RESUMO Objetivo: estabelecer a correlação entre dados objetivos coletados na avaliação inicial e os desfechos nos casos de dor abdominal aguda. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo, de caso controle, em que foram revisados prontuários de pacientes atendidos em um serviço de urgência e emergência no ano de 2016, diagnosticados com dor abdominal e pélvica. Resultados: de 2.352 prontuários avaliados, 330 foram considerados válidos para o estudo. Destes pacientes, 235 (71,2%) receberam alta e os 95 (28,8%) restantes foram internados, submetidos à cirurgia ou morreram. A análise estatística demonstrou que sexo masculino, idade ≥50 anos, temperatura axilar >37,3ºC, anemia, leucocitose >10.000/mm3, neutrocitose acima de 7.700/mm3, linfopenia <2.000/mm3 e hiperamilasemia são variáveis isoladamente associadas a pior desfecho. Conclusão: a presença de três ou mais das variáveis avaliadas aumenta fortemente a chance de um paciente sofrer os desfechos de cirurgia ou morte, sendo a chance de óbito tanto maior quanto maior o número de variáveis presentes.
ABSTRACT Objective: to establish a correlation between objective data collected at the initial evaluation and the outcomes in cases of acute abdominal pain. Methods: we conducted a retrospective, case-control study in which we reviewed medical records of patients treated at an emergency room in 2016, diagnosed with abdominal and pelvic pain. Results: of the 2,352 medical records evaluated, we considered 330 valid for the study. Of these patients, 235 (71.2%) were discharged and the remaining 95 (28.8%) were hospitalized, submitted to surgery, or died. The statistical analysis demonstrated that male gender, age ≥50, axillary temperature >37.3ºC, anemia, leukocytosis >10,000/mm3, neutrophil count above 7,700/mm3, lymphocyte count less than 2,000/mm3 and hyperamylasemia were variables in independently associated with worse outcome. Conclusion: the presence of three or more of the evaluated variables greatly increases the chances of a patient suffering the outcomes of surgery or death, the chance of death being greater the greater the number of variables present.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Adulto Jovem , Dor Abdominal/diagnóstico , Abdome Agudo/diagnóstico , Dor Abdominal/etiologia , Dor Abdominal/fisiopatologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Fatores Sexuais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Abdome Agudo/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Introducción: los trastornos funcionales gastrointestinales son motivo de consulta frecuente en Gastroenterología, y presentan un serio problema social y en la dinámica familiar. El síndrome de intestino irritable en la población pediátrica es poco diagnosticado, y el dolor abdominal crónico es motivo de consulta frecuente en la infancia y adolescencia. Objetivo: analizar los aspectos más actuales en su diagnóstico y tratamiento, y su relación con el dolor abdominal crónico. Métodos: se revisaron las bases documentales de PubMed, Scielo y Latindex y el Registro Especializado del Grupo Cochrane de datos relacionados con el síndrome de intestino irritable hasta diciembre de 2017, así como las guías de tratamiento postuladas por distintas organizaciones médicas, basadas en los criterios de Roma y de la Medicina Basada en la Evidencia. Desarrollo: se realizó una revisión del tema referido a la infancia, y se incluyeron concepto y patogénesis más aceptadas, así como los criterios de Roma establecidos para el diagnóstico. Se hizo énfasis en la etiología, diagnóstico clínico y pruebas diagnósticas. Se analizaron algunos aspectos del tratamiento. Conclusiones: el síndrome de intestino irritable es relativamente frecuente como causa de dolor abdominal crónico funcional, y el interrogatorio dirigido según los criterios de Roma es útil para su diagnóstico. La mayoría de los pacientes con síndrome de intestino irritable en la infancia deben ser atendidos en la atención primaria(AU)
Introduction: gastrointestinal functional disorders are a frequent reason for consultation in Gastroenterology services, and represent a serious social problem and in family dynamics. Irritable bowel syndrome in the pediatric population is poorly diagnosed, and chronic abdominal pain is a frequent reason for consultation in childhood and adolescence. Objective: to analyze the ultimate aspects in its diagnosis and treatment, and its relation with chronic abdominal pain. Methods: PubMed, Scielo and Latindex documentary databases and the Cochrane Specialized Register of data related to irritable bowel syndrome until December 2017 were revised, as well as the treatment guidelines presented by different medical organizations based on the criteria of Rome and of Evidence-Based Medicine. Development: a review of the subject referring to childhood was carried out, and the most accepted concept and pathogenesis were included, as well as Rome criteria established for the diagnosis. Etiology, clinical diagnosis and diagnostic tests were emphasized. Some aspects of the treatment were analyzed. Conclusions: Irritable bowel syndrome is relatively common as a cause of chronic functional abdominal pain, and questioning conducted according to Rome criteria is useful for diagnosis. The majority of patients with irritable bowel syndrome in childhood should be treated in the primary care level(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/epidemiologia , Abdome Agudo/complicações , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Saúde do Adolescente/normas , Síndrome do Intestino Irritável/complicaçõesRESUMO
Resumen Introducción: El divertículo de Meckel (DM) es una anomalía congénita gastrointestinal producto de obliteración incompleta del conducto onfalomesentérico, habitualmente en menores de dos años. Como complicación destaca obstrucción intestinal, intususcepción e inflamación. Caso Clínico: Paciente de sexo masculino, 19 años, sin antecedentes mórbidos. Ingresa a Urgencias por dolor abdominal, 24 h de evolución, que inicia en mesogastrio y luego irradia a fosa ilíaca derecha (FID), intenso, asociado a vómitos, fiebre y taquicardia. Al examen abdominal destaca resistencia muscular, dolor en FID, Blumberg positivo y ruidos hidroaéreos disminuidos. Se realiza laparotomía de McBurney hallándose gran cantidad de líquido libre citrino viscoso y signos de obstrucción de intestino delgado; decidiendo cierre de laparotomía de McBurney y realizar laparotomía media infraumbilical. Se encuentra divertículo de Meckel torcido y estrangulado, con brida hacia raíz del mesenterio de intestino delgado distal. Se realiza resección DM y bridolisis, recuperando vitalidad de asa y apendicectomía profiláctica. Discusión: El diagnóstico preoperatorio del DM es infrecuente y requiere exploración quirúrgica. El DM volvulado es raro, en nuestro caso produjo obstrucción intestinal secundaria a brida entre DM y mesenterio.
Introduction: Meckel's diverticulum is the most frequent gastrointestinal anomaly. It's more frequently seen in children less than 2 years of age. It's caused by the incomplete obliteration of the omphalomesenteric conduct. Case report: 19 year old male patient with no previous medical history presents sudden onset of high intensity abdominal pain, initially located in the periumbilical region, radiating to right lower quadrant associated with emesis, fever and tachycardia. Physical examination showed abdominal guarding, rebound tenderness and decreased bowel sounds. During McBurney laparotomy a large volume of viscous free fluid was found and signs of small bowel obstruction, deciding close McBurney laparotomy and performing sub-umbilical midline laparotomy. Meckel diverticulum is founded, twisted and strangled, with a bridle adhesion to the mesenteric root, compromising the small bowel. The adherence and the MD are resected, obtaining appropriate peristaltic activity and color. Appendectomy and peritoneal lavage are performed without complications. Discussion: preoperatory diagnosis of MD is unfrequented and its need surgical exploration. MD's volvulus is infrequent and in our case, intestinal obstruction it's secondary to an adherence between the volvulated MD and the mesentery.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Obstrução Intestinal/etiologia , Divertículo Ileal/complicações , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Obstrução Intestinal/cirurgia , Laparotomia , Divertículo Ileal/cirurgiaRESUMO
Resumen Antecedentes El vólvulo de intestino delgado se produce por el giro anormal del intestino delgado alrededor del eje de su propio mesenterio, lo cual puede generar obstrucción intestinal, isquemia, infarto o perforación. Caso clínico Paciente masculino de 71 años que cursó con abdomen agudo. Sospechando cuadro de oclusión intestinal, se realizó exploración quirúrgica en la que se encontró como hallazgos vólvulo de intestino delgado en la válvula ileocecal, con isquemia y necrosis de 280 cm de intestino delgado, por lo cual se realizó resección intestinal e ileostomía terminal, preservando 320 cm de intestino delgado viable desde ángulo duodeno-yeyunal. Cursó con una evolución satisfactoria. Discusión El vólvulo de intestino delgado es una entidad infrecuente y una urgencia quirúrgica que amenaza la vida. Se debe sospechar en todos los pacientes que presenten dolor abdominal abrupto y signos de obstrucción intestinal, sin cirugía abdominal previa ni otras causas obvias. El diagnóstico precoz y la intervención quirúrgica inmediata son factores clave asociados con un mejor pronóstico para este grupo de pacientes.
Background The small bowel volvulus is caused by the abnormal rotation of the small intestine around the axis of its own mesentery. This can lead to intestinal obstruction, ischemia, infarction or perforation. Clinical case A 71-year-old male patient with an acute abdominal pain, suspicious for a bowel occlusion, performed a surgical exploration, finding small bowel volvulus at the ileocecal valve level, with necrosis and ischemia of 280 cm of the small intestine, resulting in intestinal resection and terminal ileostomy. Still preserving 320 cm of viable small intestine from the duodenojejunal angle, with a satisfactory evolution. Discussion Small bowel volvulus is an uncommon entity, and a life-threatening surgical emergency, that should be suspected in all patients with abrupt abdominal pain and signs of bowel obstruction, without previous abdominal surgery or other obvious causes. Early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention are key factors associated with a better prognosis for this group of patients.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Volvo Intestinal/cirurgia , Volvo Intestinal/complicações , Intestino Delgado , Volvo Intestinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Isquemia/etiologiaAssuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Infarto do Baço/complicações , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Infarto do Baço/patologia , Infarto do Baço/diagnóstico por imagem , Biópsia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/complicações , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia , Ultrassonografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Abdome Agudo/patologia , Abdome Agudo/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Resumen Antecedentes: El vólvulo de la vesícula biliar se produce por el giro de la vesícula sobre su mesenterio a lo largo del eje del conducto y arteria císticos, con afectación de la irrigación vascular de forma completa o incompleta, pudiendo existir ciertas características anatómicas predisponentes. Caso clínico: Masculino de 87 años quien cursó con abdomen agudo; sospechando cuadro de piocolecisto, se realizó exploración quirúrgica encontrando como hallazgos triple torsión vesicular y múltiples litos color oscuro; se realizó colecistectomia abierta, cursando con una evolución satisfactoria. Discusión: Se trata de una entidad infrecuente que puede simular una colecistitis aguda; generalmente tiene buen pronóstico cuando el diagnóstico se realiza a tiempo. El tratamiento de elección es la colecistectomía laparoscópica.
Abstract Background: The gallbladder volvulus is produced by the rotation of the gallbladder over its mesentery along the axis of the cystic duct and artery, with involvement of vascular irrigation in a complete or incomplete way, and there may be certain predisposing anatomical characteristics. Clinical case: Male patient of 87 years who attended with acute abdomen, suspecting pyogenic cholecystitis, performs surgical exploration finding as vesicular triple twist, multiple stones dark. Open cholecystectomy is performed, following a satisfactory evolution. Discussion: It is an uncommon entity that can simulate acute cholecystitis, usually has a good prognosis, when the diagnosis is made on time. The treatment of choice is laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anormalidade Torcional/cirurgia , Anormalidade Torcional/complicações , Doenças da Vesícula Biliar/cirurgia , Doenças da Vesícula Biliar/complicações , Anormalidade Torcional/diagnóstico , Colecistectomia/métodos , Colecistite/diagnóstico , Laparoscopia , Doenças da Vesícula Biliar/diagnóstico , Abdome Agudo/etiologiaRESUMO
Abstract Acute abdomen secondary to epithelial ovarian cancer rupture during pregnancy is a rare event. Our aim is to present how the work of a coordinated multidisciplinary team in a case of ruptured epithelial ovarian cancer during pregnancy is feasible to obtain the best results possible. A 34-year-old woman during the 37th week of her first gestation presented with an acute abdomen. During laparotomy, a ruptured 16.5-cm left ovarian tumor was detected; the tumor was extirpated and sent to pathologic evaluation. In the meantime, a Kerr cesarean section was performed, and a healthy female neonate was born. The tumor was diagnosed as a cystadenocarcinoma; therefore, the family and the combined surgical team (obstetricians and a surgical oncologist) decided to complete a definitive radical ovarian cancer surgery: hysterectomy, right salpingooophorectomy, lymphadenectomy, omentectomy and appendectomy. The patient's postoperative evolution was uneventful, and she was sent to adjuvant chemotherapy.
Resumo O abdome agudo secundário à ruptura do câncer do ovário epitelial durante a gravidez é um evento raro. Nosso objetivo é apresentar como o trabalho de uma equipe multidisciplinar coordenada em um caso de ruptura do câncer de ovário epitelial durante a gravidez é viável para obter os melhores resultados possíveis. Umamulher de 34 anos de idade, durante a 37a semana de sua primeira gestação, apresentou um abdome agudo. Durante a laparotomia, foi detectado um tumor ovariano esquerdo com ruptura de 16,5 cm; O tumor foi extirpado e enviado para avaliação patológica. Enquanto isso, uma cesariana de Kerr foi feita, e uma recém-nascida saudável nasceu. O tumor foi diagnosticado como um cistoadenocarcinoma; então, a família e a equipe cirúrgica combinada (obstetras e oncologista cirúrgico) decidiram concluir uma cirurgia radical definitiva do câncer de ovário: histerectomia, salpingo-ooforectomia direita, linfadenectomia, omentectomia e apendicectomia. A evolução pós-operatória da paciente foi sem intercorrências, e ela foi enviada para quimioterapia adjuvante.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Neoplasias Ovarianas/complicações , Complicações Neoplásicas na Gravidez/terapia , Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário/complicações , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/terapia , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Ruptura Espontânea , Carcinoma Epitelial do Ovário/terapia , Abdome Agudo/terapiaRESUMO
Introducción: La apendicitis aguda como causa de obstrucción intestinal es una situación clínica infrecuente. Los objetivos de este estudio son los de definir la incidencia de obstrucción intestinal de acuerdo con la clasificación de obstrucción intestinal en apendicitis y la caracterización de su severidad. Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva analizando todos los pacientes operados por obstrucción intestinal secundaria a apendicitis durante un periodo de 15 años. Se incluyeron variables continuas y categóricas tales como edad, sexo, periodo de tiempo entre el inicio de los síntomas y el diagnóstico, valores de proteína C reactiva, recuento de leucocitos, tipo de obstrucción intestinal y la puntuación del WSES Sepsis Severity Score. Resultados: Durante el periodo de estudio, un total de 3.626 pacientes fueron operados por apendicitis; en 44 casos se encontró una obstrucción intestinal asociada (1,2%). De acuerdo con la clasificación de obstrucción intestinal en apendicitis, la mayoría de estos pacientes presentaron un íleo mecánico con estrangulación del intestino (48%). La mayor parte de los pacientes (77%) presentaron una puntuación de 3 puntos o menos en el WSES Sepsis Severity Score. Conclusiones: La incidencia de obstrucción intestinal en apendicitis fue mayor de lo esperado. Estos pacientes presentaron una respuesta inflamatoria severa, con una puntuación en el WSES Sepsis Severity Score de 3 puntos. De acuerdo con la clasificación de obstrucción intestinal, la mayoría de los casos presentaron obstrucción mecánica con estrangulación.
Introduction: Appendicitis as a cause of intestinal obstruction is an infrequent condition. The purpose of this study was to define the incidence of intestinal obstruction according to the classification of intestinal obstruction secondary to appendicitis, and to characterize their severity. Methods: A retrospective cohort study analyzing all patients operated on for intestinal obstruction secondary to appendicitis within a 15 year period was designed. Continuous and categorical variables including: age, gender, time interval between onset of symptoms and diagnosis, C-reactive protein and white blood cells values, type of intestinal obstruction and WSES Sepsis Severity Score, were included. Results: During the period of study, 3,626 patients were operated on for appendicitis and 44 cases had associated intestinal obstruction (1.2%). According to the classification of intestinal obstruction in appendicitis, most patients had a mechanical ileus with strangulation (48%). Most patients had a WSES Sepsis Severity Score of 3 or less points (77%). Conclusions: The incidence of intestinal obstruction in appendicitis was higher than expected. These patients had a severe inflammatory response with a WSES Sepsis Severity Score of 3 points. According to the classification of intestinal obstruction in appendicitis, most patients had a mechanical obstruction with strangulation.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Apendicite/cirurgia , Apendicite/complicações , Obstrução Intestinal/etiologia , Apendicite/sangue , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Doença Aguda , Estudos Retrospectivos , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Obstrução Intestinal/cirurgia , Obstrução Intestinal/sangueRESUMO
Introducción: La apendicitis es uno de los principales motivos de consulta e intervención quirúrgica en los servicios de urgencias. Debe tratarse oportunamente dado que puede evolucionar hacia una perforación apendicular y con ello a una peritonitis o un plastrón apendicular, en aproximadamente un 10%, e incrementando las morbilidades, como tiempo de reposo o estadía hospitalaria. Actualmente no existe consenso acerca del tratamiento del plastrón apendicular, por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo es respaldar y promover la alternativa quirúrgica diferida, versus el manejo médico, como el tratamiento más idóneo del plastrón apendicular. Presentación del caso: Se derivó al Hospital Base Valdivia a una escolar, de 8 años y 11 meses de edad, por dolor en hemiabdomen inferior de 3 semanas de evolución acompañado de sensación febril no cuantificada, vómito y diarrea; se diagnosticó un plastrón apendicular, optándose por el manejo médico; evolucionó favorablemente, dándole el alta. En controles posteriores se planificó una apendicectomía, llevándose a cabo con éxito meses después. La biopsia del apéndice extraído evidenció un carcinoma de apéndice cecal, por lo que se inició el estudio de extensión de neoplasia sin encontrar hallazgos patológicos. Discusión: Actualmente el manejo del plastrón apendicular depende del médico tratante y su criterio. Existen ventajas y desventajas entre la elección de un tratamiento médico o quirúrgico, sea inmediato o diferido; dentro de las ventajas del último destacan la prevención de apendicitis recurrentes y detección temprana del carcinoma apendicular, como en el caso presentado, permitiendo de esta forma un mejor pronóstico para el paciente y evitando el uso de terapias más agresivas.
Introduction: Appendicitis is one of the main reasons for consultation and surgery in the emergency department. It must be treated promptly because it can evolve into a ruptured appendix and thus to peritonitis or an appendiceal plastron, by approximately 10%, and increasing the morbidity, as downtime or hospital stay. There is currently no consensus on the treatment of appendicular plastron, therefore, the objective of this work is to support and promote alternative deferred surgical versus medical management, as the most suitable treatment of appendiceal plastron. Case presentation: A girl of 8 years 11 months old consult for pain in lower abdomen of three weeks of evolution, accompanied by feverish feeling, unquantified, vomiting and diarrhea; Is diagnosed a plastron appendiceal opting for medical management, evolving favorably and giving the discharge. In subsequent controls was planned appendectomy, taking place successfully months later. Biopsy of removed appendix showed a appendix cancer, reason why an extension study of neoplasia was initiated without pathological findings. Discussion: Currently the management of appendicular plastron is dependent on the treating physician and judgment. There are advantages and disadvantages of choosing a medical or surgical treatment, immediate or delayed, inside the advantages of the latter include the prevention of recurrent appendicitis and early detection of appendiceal carcinoma, as in the case presented, thus allowing better prognosis for the patient and avoiding the use of more aggressive therapies.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Apendicectomia , Neoplasias do Apêndice/cirurgia , Carcinoma/cirurgia , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , ApendiciteRESUMO
El síndrome de bazo errante es una condición infrecuente en la cual existe ausencia o hiperlaxitud en los elementos de fijación esplénicos que predispone a una ubicación inusual en el abdomen y mayor riesgo de torsión e infarto visceral. Su etiología puede ser congénita o adquirida y la presentación clínica es variable. El diagnóstico se basa en sospecha clínica, laboratorio y estudios por imágenes. La cirugía es el único tratamiento definitivo para esta afección. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 23 años de edad con antecedentes de episodios recurrentes de dolor en hipocondrio izquierdo desde la infancia. Al examen físico se encontraba hemodinámicamente estable, afebril y con dolor en hipocondrio izquierdo. La ecografía mostró esplenomegalia homogénea y la tomografía de abdomen evidenció un bazo aumentado de tamaño, de posición conservada, con arremolinamiento y congestión de los vasos en el hilio esplénico. Se interpretó el cuadro como isquemia esplénica secundaria a torsión del pedículo vascular. Se realizó laparoscopia exploradora que evidenció bazo de 18 cm libre en hipocondrio izquierdo, con venas varicosas en la periferia y sin ligamentos de fijación. Se realizó esplenectomía por vía laparoscópica. La anatomía patológica informó necrosis isquémica del órgano. Evolucionó favorablemente con alta hospitalaria al tercer día postoperatorio.
Wandering spleen syndrome is a rare condition in which absence or laxity of splenic fixing elements predisposes to an unusual location in the abdomen and an increasing risk of twisting and infarction. Its etiology may be congenital or acquired and clinical presentation is variable. Diagnosis is based on clinical suspicion, laboratory and imaging. Surgery is the only definitive treatment for this pathology. We report the case of a 23 year old woman with a history of recurrent episodes of abdominal pain in the left upper quadrant since childhood. On physical examination she was afebrile, hemodynamically stable, with marked abdominal tenderness in the left upper quadrant. Ultrasonography showed homogeneous splenomegaly. Abdominal CT-scan presented an enlarged, eutopic spleen, with swirling and congestion of hilum vessels. Splenic ischemia due to organ torsion was suspected. Exploratory laparoscopy was performed showing an 18 cm in diameter spleen free in left upper quadrant, with varicose veins in the periphery and without fixing ligaments. Laparoscopic splenectomy was completed. The pathology report showed ischemic necrosis of the organ. The patient progressed favorably and was discharged on the third postoperative day.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Baço Flutuante/complicações , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Esplenectomia , Baço Flutuante/cirurgia , Baço Flutuante/diagnóstico , Abdome Agudo/cirurgiaRESUMO
Biliary ileus, first described byThomas Bartholin in the year1654, is a rare cause of mechanical ileus (small bowel obstruction) (1-3% in patients younger than 65 years), increasing significantly from that age (25%). The necessarycondition forthis pathologyis the presence ofa fistula between the gallbladderandthe gastrointestinaltract. Simple abdominal X-ray and ultrasonography are widely available and of relatively low cost, together presenting a sensitivity of 74% when they show the classic signs of Rigler’s triad (pneumobilia, ectopic gallstone and dilated loops of small intestine), but computed tomography of the abdomen is considered the gold standard, with a sensitivity and specificity higher than 90%. The aim of this article is to present a case of radiological diagnosis of biliary ileus in a patient with vesicular lithiasis + cholecystoduodenal fistula, associated with inguinal hernia on the left.
El íleo biliar, descrito por primera vez por Thomas Bartholin en el año 1654, constituye una causa poco frecuente de íleo mecánico (1-3% en menores de 65 años) aumentando significativamente a partir de esa edad (25%). La condición necesaria para esta patología es la presencia de una fístula entre la vesícula biliar y el tracto gastrointestinal. La radiografía simple de abdomen y la ecografía son de amplia disponibilidad y coste relativamente bajo, presentando en conjunto una sensibilidad del 74% cuando manifiestan los signos clásicos de la tríada de Rigler (neumobilia, lito biliar ectópico y dilatación de asas de intestino delgado), pero se considera que la tomografía computada de abdomen es el gold standard, con una sensibilidad y especificidad superiores al 90%. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un caso de diagnóstico radiológico de íleo biliar en un paciente con litiasis vesicular + fístula colecistoduodenal asociadas a hernia inguinal izquierda.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Colelitíase/complicações , Colelitíase/diagnóstico por imagem , Hérnia Inguinal/complicações , Hérnia Inguinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Fístula Intestinal/complicações , Fístula Intestinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Abdome Agudo/etiologia , Íleus/diagnóstico por imagem , Íleus/etiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
A ruptura esplênica é uma complicação possível da malária. É importante pela dificuldade diagnóstica, pois um elevado índice de suspeição é necessário para um diagnóstico atempado. Pode condicionar uma hemorragia intraperitoneal e deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de quadros de dor abdominal, hipotensão e diminuição do hematócrito. Os autores descrevem o caso de um homem de 59 anos, com ruptura esplênica secundária à malária por Plasmodium falciparum, tendo realizado esplenectomia urgente. Com a apresentação do caso, os autores pretendem chamar a atenção para a necessidade de incluir esta afecção no diagnóstico diferencial dos doentes com malária e hipotensão refractária.
Splenic rupture is a possible complication of malaria. Due to its difficult diagnosis, it is important, because a high level of suspicion is needed for a timely diagnosis. It results in intraperitoneal bleeding and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain, hypotension and low hematocrit. The authors report the case of a 59-year old man with splenic rupture secondary to malarial infection by Plasmodium Falciparum, who was treated with urgent splenectomy. This case is presented to remind the clinicians of include this entity in the differential diagnosis of patients with malaria and refractory hypotension.