Les urgences urologiques dans deux hôpitaux universitaires de Douala: une étude rétrospective (2016-2020) / Urological emergencies in two university hospitals in Douala: a retrospective study (2016-2020)

Introduction: les urgences en urologie sont des situations urologiques critiques qui nécessitent une intervention rapide par un professionnel de santé qualifié en urologie. Cette étude a été menée dans le but de ressortir le profil des urgences urologiques reçues dans deux hôpitaux universitaires de la ville de Douala en appréciant leurs prises en charge en urgence. Méthodes: il s´agit d´une étude rétrospective portant sur les urgences urologiques dans deux hôpitaux de références de la ville de Douala que sont les hôpitaux Laquintinie et Général de Douala. Les dossiers ont été colligés durant une période de 5 ans (1er janvier 2016 au 31 décembre 2020). Nous avons inclus toutes les consultations effectuées en urgence et reçues par le service des urgences ainsi que toutes les données cliniques et thérapeutiques venant du registre de garde durant la période d´étude. Nous avons exclu de notre étude toutes les urgences (consultations reçues pendant la période d´étude, non relevées dans le registre des urgences) Résultats: nous avons étudié 364 patients, l´âge moyen des patients était de 43 ± 8,34 ans. Quatre vingt-douze virgule cinquante huit pourcent (92,58%) (n=337) des patients étaient des hommes. Les principales urgences urologiques reçues étaient la rétention d´urine vésicale (45,05%, n=164), la colique néphrétique (15,33%, n=56) et l´hématurie (13,18%, n=48). Les principales étiologies des rétentions d´urine vésicale étaient les tumeurs prostatiques, la colique néphrétique était principalement d´origine lithiasique (96,45%, n=159) et l´hématurie était d´origine tumorale chez 68,75%(n=33) des patients. Sur le plan thérapeutique, les gestes effectués en urgence étaient le sondage vésical (39,01%, n=142), le traitement médical était associé à une surveillance (27,47%, n=100) et la cystostomie sus pubienne (10,71%, n=39). Conclusion: les rétentions aigues d´urines vésicales sur tumeurs prostatiques constituent l´urgence urologique la plus fréquente dans les hôpitaux universitaires de la ville de Douala. Cela implique une prise en charge précoce et optimale des tumeurs prostatiques.

Tomografía computarizada con reconstrucción 3D para el diagnóstico de lesiones traumáticas de uretra / Three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction for the diagnosis of traumatic urethral injuries

RESUMEN La uretrografía retrógrada es la técnica de referencia (gold standard) utilizada clásicamente para hacer diagnóstico de lesiones de uretra. En este contexto se presenta un caso en el que se realizó tomografía computarizada con reconstrucción 3D con contraste intravenoso y endouretral, pudiendo reconstruir la uretra en toda su extensión en forma tridimensional. De esta manera se arribó al diagnóstico de certeza de la lesión de uretra. Como ventaja del método se menciona la posibilidad de diagnosticar ‒ con un solo estudio por imágenes‒ lesiones de todo el tracto urinario, órganos sólidos, huecos y lesión del anillo pélvico asociados al traumatismo, con una alta sensibilidad y especificidad sin necesidad de requerir otros estudios complementarios.

ABSTRACT Retrograde urethrography is the gold standard method for the diagnosis of urethral injuries. In this setting, we report the use of computed tomography with intravenous injection and urethral administration of contrast medium and 3D reconstruction of the entire urethra. The definitive diagnosis of urethral injury was made. The advantage of this method is the possibility of making the diagnosis of traumatic injuries of the entire urinary tract, solid organs, hollow viscera and of the pelvic ring within a single imaging test, with high sensitivity and specificity, with no need to perform other complementary tests.

Linfoma primário do pênis: relato de caso / Primary penile lymphoma: case report

Objetivo: Relatar o caso de um paciente diagnosticado com linfoma peniano primário, um dos subtipos menos comuns de câncer de pênis. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino, 63 anos, hígido, com queixa de ulcerações dolorosas em região balano-prepucial. Sem queixas urinárias, traumatismo peniano ou relação sexual desprotegida. Ao exame inicial, pênis com prepúcio exuberante, sinais de má higiene, tecido necrótico em glande e parafimose. Optou-se por postectomia, desbridamento de glande e cistostomia de proteção, com anatomopatológico demonstrando neoplasia maligna pouco diferenciada e análise imuno-histoquímica sugerindo linfoma de células B. O paciente realizou seis ciclos de quimioterapia, com remissão completa dos sintomas no quarto ciclo. Foi submetido à reconstrução de uretra e glande posteriormente, pela técnica de Mathieu (retalho cutâneo). Comentários: O linfoma peniano primário é ainda pouco relatado e conhecido. Ainda que seu manejo seja controverso, a quimioterapia adjuvante com terapia cirúrgica reconstrutiva se demonstrou uma opção eficiente de tratamento

Objective: To report the case of a patient diagnosed with primary penile lymphoma. Clinical case: A 63-years-old male patient presented with ulcerated lesions on the penis with a 2-week evolution. The patient denied urinary symptoms, penile trauma, or unprotected sex. The initial examination showed a penis with an exuberant foreskin and signs of poor local hygiene, with paraphimosis and necrotic tissue on the gland. A postectomy and debridement of the gland was performed, and the anatomopathological exam showed poorly differentiated malignancy, while the immunohistochemical analysis suggested B-cell lymphoma. The patient was submitted to six cycles of chemotherapy, with complete remission of the symptoms after the fourth cycle. In sequence, a reconstruction of the urethra and glans was performed using the Mathieu's technique. Comments: Primary penile lymphoma is still a poorly reported disease. Although its management remains controversial, adjuvant chemotherapy with reconstructive surgical therapy showed to be an efficient approach

Vesicostomy button: how is it placed, in whom, and how is quality of life affected?

ABSTRACT Purpose The vesicostomy button has been shown to be a safe and effective bladder management strategy for short- or medium-term use when CIC cannot be instituted. This study reports our use with the vesicostomy button, highlighting the pros and cons of its use and complications. We then compared the quality or life in patients with vesicostomy button to those performing clean intermittent catheterization. Materials and Methods Retrospective chart review was conducted on children who had a vesicostomy button placed between 2011 and 2015. Placement was through existing vesicostomy, open or endoscopically. We then evaluated placement procedure and complications. A validated quality of life questionnaire was given to patients with vesicostomy button and to a matched cohort of patients performing clean intermittent catheterization. Results Thirteen children have had a vesicostomy button placed at our institution in the 4 year period, ages 7 months to 18 years. Indications for placement included neurogenic bladder (5), non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder (3), and valve bladders (5). Five out of 7 placed via existing vesicostomy had leakage around button. None of the endoscopically placed buttons had leakage. Complications were minor including UTI (3), wound infection (1), and button malfunction/leakage (3). QOL was equal and preserved in patients living with vesicostomy buttons when compared to CIC. Conclusion The vesicostomy button is an acceptable alternative to traditional vesicostomy and CIC. The morbidity of the button is quite low. Endoscopic insertion is the optimal technique. QOL is equivalent in patients with vesicostomy button and those who perform CIC.

Development and evaluation of a training model for paracentetic suprapubic cystostomy and catheterization

OBJECTIVES: Minimally invasive paracentetic suprapubic cystostomy is a technique that should be learned by all surgical trainees and residents. This study aimed to develop a self-made training model for paracentetic suprapubic cystostomy and placement of the suprapubic catheter and then to evaluate its effectiveness in training fourth-year medical students. METHODS: Medical students were divided into an experimental group receiving comprehensive training involving literature, video, and model use and a control group receiving all the same training protocols as the experimental group except without hands-on practice using the model. Each student's performance was video-recorded, followed by subjective and objective evaluations by urology experts and statistical analysis. RESULTS: All students completed the surgical procedures successfully. The experimental group's performance scores were significantly higher than those of the control group (median final performance scores of 91.0 vs. 86.8, respectively). Excellent scores were achieved by more students in the experimental group than in the control group (55% vs. 20%), and fewer poor scores were observed in the experimental group than in the control group (5% vs. 30%). CONCLUSIONS: Based on its cost-effectiveness, reusability, and training effectiveness, this paracentetic suprapubic cystostomy training model is able to achieve goals in teaching practice quickly and easily. Use of the model should be encouraged for training senior medical students and resident physicians who may be expected to perform emergent suprapubic catheter insertion at some time.

Suprapubic cystostomy versus nonsuprapubic cystostomy during monopolar transurethral resection of prostate: a propensity score-matched analysis / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

We aim to reassess the safety of the monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (M-TURP) without suprapubic cystostomy at our institution over the past decade. This retrospective study was conducted in patients who underwent M-TURP at Peking University First Hospital between 2003 and 2013. A total of 1680 patients who had undergone M-TURP were identified, including 539 patients in the noncystostomy group and 1141 patients in the cystostomy group. After propensity score matching, the number of patients in each group was 456. Smaller reductions in hemoglobin and hematocrit (10.9 g vs 17.6 g and 3.6% vs 4.7%, respectively) were found in the noncystostomy group. In addition, patients undergoing surgery without cystostomy had their catheters removed earlier (4.6 days vs 5.2 days), required shorter postoperative stays in the hospital (5.1 days vs 6.0 days), and were at lower risk of operative complications (5.7% vs 9.2%), especially bleeding requiring blood transfusion (2.9% vs 6.1%). Similar findings were observed in cohorts of prostates of 30-80 ml and prostates >80 ml. Furthermore, among patients with a resection weight >42.5 g or surgical time >90 min, or even propensity-matched patients based on surgical time, those with cystostomy seemed to be at a higher risk of operative complications. These results suggest that M-TURP without suprapubic cystostomy is a safe and effective method, even among patients with larger prostates, heavier estimated resection weights, and longer surgical times.

Cuidado integral à pessoa estomizada na atenção básica - conhecimento e atuação do enfermeiro / Complete care for the stomizedperson in primary care - knowledge and nursing activities / Cuidado integral a la persona con ostomía en la atención básica - conocimiento y actuación del enfermero

O cuidado integral à pessoa com estomia é atividade realizada pelo enfermeiro na atenção básica, logo após a alta hospitalar cirúrgica, efetivando cuidados específicos de enfermagem, esclarecendo as dúvidas do usuário e familiares e orientando para o autocuidado e prevenção de possíveis complicações.O estudo teve como objetivo apreciar o conhecimento e a atuação do enfermeiro no cuidado à pessoa estomizada na atenção básica. Estudo com caráter qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, utilizou para coleta de dados uma entrevista semiestruturada com questões norteadoras, gravadas e transcritas na íntegra, aplicada a vinte e seis enfermeiros da atenção básica municipal. A partir da análise de conteúdo temático, emergiram as seguintes categorias: identificando o cuidado com os estomas e,percepções do enfermeiro a respeito da assistência prestada ao estomizado. O ensino de enfermagem e a educação permanente poderão contribuir para uma atuação competente e eficaz de cuidado integral ao estomizado, e isso refletiria no processo adaptativo e na qualidade de vida dos estomizados e de suas famílias. [AU]

Complete care for the person with the stoma is an activity performed by the nurse in primary care, shortly after discharge from the hospital, carrying out specific nursing care, explanation to user and family doubts, and guidelines for self-care and prevention of possible complications. The study aimed to appreciate the knowledge and the performance of nurses caring for the stomized person in primary care. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study, for data collection a semi-structured interview, with guiding questions, recorded and transcribed in full, applied to twenty-six nurses of the municipal primary care were used. From the analysis of the thematic content emerged the following categories: identifying care with the ostomy; the nurses' perceptions regarding the assistance provided to the ostomy patient. Nursing education and permanent education can contribute to a competent and effective performance of integral care to the ostomy patient, and this would reflect in the adaptive process and quality of life of thestomized patients and their families. [AU]

El cuidado integral a la persona con ostomía es la actividad realizada por el enfermero en la atención básica tras el alta hospitalaria quirúrgica, realizando cuidados específicos de enfermería, aclarando las dudas del usuario y los familiares; y orientando para el autocuidado y la prevención de posibles complicaciones. El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el conocimiento y la actuación del enfermero en el cuidado a la persona con ostomía en la atención básica. El estudio, con carácter cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo, utilizó para la recolección de datos entrevista semiestructurada, con cuestiones orientadoras, grabadas y transcriptas en su totalidad, aplicada a veintiséis enfermeros de la atención básica municipal. A partir del análisis del contenido temático surgieron las siguientes categorías: identificando el cuidado con los estomas; percepciones del enfermero sobre la atención prestada a la persona con ostomía. La enseñanza de enfermería y la educación permanente podrán contribuir para una actuación competente y eficaz de cuidado integral al paciente con ostomía, y eso reflejaría en el proceso adaptativo y en su calidad de vida y de sus familias. [AU]

Value of suprapubic cystostomy in bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia below 80 gram / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the perioperative benefit of suprapubic cystostomy in bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (B-TURP) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) below 80 g.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This retrospective study was conducted in patients undergoing B-TURP for BPH below 80 g, who were stratified with respect of suprapubic cystostomy in B-TURP. The end points including the safety, efficiency, complications and nursing care were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 585 patients were enrolled, including 366 in cystostomy group and 219 in non-cystostomy group. The two groups showed similar postoperative reduction of serum sodium (0.06 vs 0.54 mmol/L, P>0.05), hematocrict (2.44% vs 2.89%, P>0.05), and blood hemoglobin concentration (9.62 vs 10.42 g/L, P>0.05), with comparable weight of resected prostate (42.50 vs 43.76 g, P>0.05). The operation time was significantly longer in cystostomy group than in non-cystostomy group (90.75 vs 76.28 min, P<0.05), but the rate of blood transfusion and incidences of postoperative fever and catheter blocking were comparable between the two groups. Compared with the non-cystostomy group, cystostomy group had significantly longer time for bladder washing (3.15 vs 2.57 days, P<0.05), catheter indwelling time (5.19 vs 4.15 days, P<0.05), and hospital stay after the operation (7.36 vs 5.65 days, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In B-TURP for BPH below the weight of 80 g, suprapubic cystostomy is associated with a longer time for operation, bladder washing, catheter indwelling and postoperative hospital stay, and thus provides no obvious benefits for the patients.</p>

Surgical and Oncological Outcome of Pelvis Bone Tumor Patients with Type III Internal Hemipelvectomy / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: It is generally accepted that bony reconstruction after type III (pubic) internal pelvectomy is not necessary. However, technical problems in type III resection, functional outcome according to the extent of resection, and the usefulness of synthetic material to decrease the risk of hernia has not been well addressed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients who underwent type III internal pelvectomy were extracted and the pathologic diagnosis, Enneking's stage, location of tumor and size, operation time, amount of transfusion, surgical margin, local recurrence, distant metastasis, and functional outcomes were analyzed according to the extent of resection. RESULTS: Pathologic diagnosis was chondrosarcoma in 9, Ewing's sarcoma in 3, metastatic carcinoma in 2, and osteosarcoma in 1 patient. There were 4 patients with local recurrence and one with concomitant lung metastasis. Average Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional score was 26.7. According to the extent of resection, functional score of 7 cases with unilateral both rami (6) or ischium (1) resection was 26, 4 cases with unilateral both rami and partial contralateral pubic ramus resection was 25, and 4 cases with unilateral both rami including ischium was 24. Two patients had tumor related complication. One patient with a huge intrapelvic tumor aroused at the symphysis pubis showed urethral invasion at presentation, therefore, urethral resection and permanent suprapubic cystostomy was inevitable. The other patient with bilateral pubic ramus involvement by tumor showed caudal displacement of the uterus after pregnancy (4 years after primary resection). She underwent Caesearian section for delivery. CONCLUSION: Regardless of the extent of pubic bone resection, functional outcome was similar. The risk of abdominal or pelvic organ hernia was minimal even without the use of artificial material for soft tissue reconstruction; however, when the extent of resection crosses the symphysis pubis, selective application of an additional procedure to reinforce the pelvic floor may be considered.

Comparison between transurethral holmium :YAG laser cystolithotripsy and percutaneous suprapubic cystolithotomy in the management of bladder stones in children

Vesical stones in children are common in developing countries. Historically, open cystolithotomy has been the treatment of choice in the management of bladder calculi. Recently there are different treatmrnt of vesical stones like Transurethral Holmium laser cystolithotripsy and Percutaneous cystolithotripsy. To Compare between transurethral Holmium: YAG laser cystolithotripsy and percutaneous suprapubic cystolithotomy in the management of bladder stones in children. A total of 33 children [31 boys and 2 girls] with vesical stones were treated at Urology Department of Al-Sadder Medical City in Najaf between January 2013 and June 2014. Mean patient age at the time of diagnosis was 4.2 years [range 8 months to 10 years]. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the procedure of stone removal. Group 1 [15 patients] underwent percutanous suprapubic cystolithotomy and group 2 [18 patients] underwent transurethral Holmium: YAG laser cystolithotripsy. Stone size ranged from 7 to 25 mm [mean 16.2mm]. Operative time ranged from 10 to 25 minutes [mean 18 minutes] in percutanous suprapubic cystolithotomy [group 1] and was ranged from 15 to 70 minutes [mean 30 minutes] in transurethral Holmium: YAG laser cystolithotripsy [group 2]. The day of catheter removal was 24 to 96 hours [mean 36 hours] in group 1, while it range 0 to 48 hours [mean 8 hours] in group 2. The hospital stay was shorter after transurethral Holmium: YAG laser compared to percutanous suprapubic cystolithotomy [30 vs. 72 hours]. No significant intraoperative or postoperative complication was encountered except prolong urinary leak in two patients [13.3] in group 1 and transient mild haematuria in three children [16.6%] and low grade fever in two children [11%] in group 2. In all cases [100%] the stones were removed successfully in first session in group 1 while one patient [5.5%] need second session due to residual small stone in group 2. Transurethral Holmium: YAG laser and percutanous suprapubic cystolithotomy management of vesical stones in children are efficient, with a low incidence of complications. Transurethral Holmium: YAG laser offers a shorter hospital stay and urethral catheterization but longer operative time compared to percutanous suprapubic cystolithotomy

Management of posterior urethral valves in public sector hospital: challenges faced

To adjudge the mode of presentation, upshot of treatment and complications of posterior urethral valve in our habitat. Descriptive study. This study was conducted at Department of Pediatric Urology, The Children's Hospital and ICH Multan from 1[st] October 2012 to October 2014. All the information were entered on a structured sheet, like presenting features with their duration, treatment done and its outcome, complications of the disease. The data was later analyzed with the help of software. Two hundred thirty patients were included in the study. Median age ranges from 3 days-10 years [median age2.5 years]. Mean time tenure before clinical presentation was 2.5 years. Obstructive symptoms were present in all patients while UTI was second most common and present in two hundred and ten patients [91%], Vesicoureteral reflux was seen in eighty patients [35%]], Neurogenic bladder was present in thirty five [15%], and forty patients [17%] presented with significant renal parenchymal damage. Micturating cystourethrogram confirmed the findings of posterior urethral valve. Cystoscopy and fulguration of valves was done in all patients and supra vesical diversion was done later in selected cases. Study results concluded that delayed presentation of the disease is customary in our society. This is linked with lofty morbidity and mortality rates. Efforts should be made in improving awareness among healthcare professionals at primary and secondary care centre for early diagnosis and treatment

Three different strategies of urine drainage following hypospadias surgery: clinical nursing and observation / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study 3 different strategies of urine drainage following hypospadias urethroplasty, the clinical nursing in their application, and their effects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 595 cases of hypospadias treated by urethroplasty. After surgery, 133 of the patients underwent urine drainage by suprapubic cystostomy (group A), 202 by urethral stent- tube indwelling (group B), and 260 by early initiative micturition with the urethral stent-tube (group C). All the patients received routine postoperative nursing care required for hypospadias repair.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Operations were successfully completed in all the cases. Group C showed a remarkably shorter hospital stay and lower incidence rates of urinary fistula and urethral stricture than groups A and B (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in the three indexes between A and B (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>For urine drainage following hypospadias repair, early initiative micturition with the urethral stent-tube can significantly reduce postoperative complications, decrease difficulties and workload of nursing care, and shorten the hospital stay of the patient.</p>

Bedside ultrasound-guided percutaneous cystostomy in an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit

We describe a case of an infant born at 39 weeks of gestation who was in the neonatal intensive care unit for postoperative management of congenital heart disease and underwent bedside ultrasound-guided percutaneous cystostomy to treat an iatrogenic urethral injury. The procedure was uneventful, successful, and no complications were noted. This case demonstrates that this procedure is safe and minimally invasive. Indications, contraindications, techniques, potential complications, and the safety of performing this procedure in a bedside setting are discussed.

Síndrome de la bolsa de orina púrpura: un fenómeno inusual y muy llamativo / Purple urine bag syndrome: Report of one case

Purple urine bag syndrome is an uncommon but particularly striking phenomenon observed in people with urinary catheters and co-existent urinary tract infections. A chemical reaction between plastic and certain bacterial enzymes results in an intense purple urine color. We report a 72 year-old male with a cystostomy. A purple coloration of his urinary drainage bag and tubing was noted in the context of a urinary tract infection caused by Citrobacter freundii.

Ureteroneocystostomy in primary vesicoureteral reflux: critical retrospective analysis of factors affecting the postoperative urinary tract infection rates

Introduction To determine the parameters affecting the outcome of ureteroneocystostomy (UNC) procedure for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Materials and Methods Data of 398 patients who underwent UNC procedure from 2001 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Different UNC techniques were used according to laterality of reflux and ureteral orifice configuration. Effects of several parameters on outcome were examined. Disappearance of reflux on control VCUG or absence of any kind of UTI/symptoms in patients without control VCUG was considered as clinical improvement. Results Mean age at operation was 59.2 ± 39.8 months and follow-up was 25.6 ± 23.3 months. Grade of VUR was 1-2, 3 and 4-5 in 17, 79, 302 patients, respectively. Male to female ratio was 163/235. UNC was performed bilaterally in 235 patients and intravesical approach was used in 373 patients. The frequency of voiding dysfunction, scar on preoperative DMSA, breakthrough infection and previous surgery was 28.4%, 70.7%, 49.3% and 22.4%, respectively. Twelve patients (8.9%) with postoperative contralateral reflux were excluded from the analysis. Overall clinical improvement rate for UNC was 92%. Gender, age at diagnosis and operation, laterality and grade of reflux, mode of presentation, breakthrough infections (BTI) under antibiotic prophylaxis, presence of voiding dysfunction and renal scar, and operation technique did not affect the surgical outcome. However, the clinical improvement rate was lower in patients with a history of previous endoscopic intervention (83.9% vs. 94%). Postoperative UTI rate was 27.2% and factors affecting the occurrence of postoperative UTI were previous failed endoscopic injection on univariate analysis and gender, preoperative BTI, postoperative VUR state, voiding dysfunction on multivariate analysis. Surgery related complication rate was 2% (8/398). These were all low grade complications (blood transfusion in 1, hematoma under incision ...

Regulation effects of electroacupuncture at "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) on bladder function in rats with overactive bladder after cystostomy / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) on urodynamics indices in rats with overactive bladder (OAB) after cystostomy, and to explore its regulation mechanism on bladder function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley female rats which received cystostomy were randomly divided into a blank group (group A), a blank Sanyinjiao group (group B), a blank non-acupoint group (group C), a model group (group D), a model Sanyinjiao group (group E) and a model non-acupoint group (group F), 8 rats in each one. The model of OAB was established with 1% acetic acid solution perfused into the bladder in the group D, group E and group F. No treatment was given to the group A and group D. Acupuncture was applied at bilateral "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) in the group B and group E, followed by EA after the arrival of qi. Acupuncture was applied at bilateral non-acupoint in the group C and group F, followed by EA with continuous wave, 2 Hz of frequency for 30 min. The treatment was given for continuous 5 urination cycles. The BL-420 E+ biological function experiment system was used to measure and record the changes of indices of bladder pressure and urodynamics.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the group A, the bladder capacity and urine output in the group B were significantly increased (both P<0.05), and the urination rate was increased in the group C (P<0.05); the differences of each index between group C and group B were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Compared with the group D, the capacity pressure, bladder capacity, detrusor pressure, urinary output and urination rate in the group E were all increased (all P<0.05). Compared with the group F, the capacity pressure and detrusor pressure in the group E were increased (both P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The EA at "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) could significantly improve urine function in rats with OAB after cystostomy, but its regulation effect on urination is not obvious in rats with non-OAB.</p>

A Case of Septo-Optic Dysplasia Resulting in Central Diabetes Insipidus and Nonobstructive Bilateral Hydronephrosis / 대한내과학회지

A 27-year-old male with nonobstructive hydronephrosis was referred from the urology department for polyuria evaluation and management. The patient was hospitalized for urinary tract infection and cystostomy was performed due to neurogenic bladder of unknown origin. The patient was of short stature and had visual impairment. From the interview, we discovered he had been suffering from polyuria and polydipsia for more than 20 years. Urine output was 13 L/day and urine osmolarity was 85 mOsm/kg. The results of a water deprivation test were consistent with central diabetes insipidus. Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) was observed on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). SOD is a very rare condition characterized by agenesis of the septum pellucidum or corpus callosum, which may cause optic nerve aplasia or hypoplasia, midbrain abnormalities and/or hypopituitarism. After desmopressin treatment, polyuria and hydronephrosis were improved. We report a case of a 27-year-old male diagnosed with SOD including diabetes insipidus, resulting in nonobstructive hydronephrosis.

Surgical Outcome of Urethroplasty Using Penile Circular Fasciocutaneous Flap for Anterior Urethral Stricture

PURPOSE: Penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a useful technique for a long anterior urethral stricture due to the flap's hairless nature and ample length. We investigated the surgical outcomes of urethroplasty for a complex anterior urethral stricture, performed using a penile circular fasciocutaneous flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2008 and 2013, we performed a retrospective review of 29 patients who underwent urethroplasty using a penile circular fasciocutaneous flap and had at least 6 months of follow-up. A total of 20 cases utilized only a fasciocutaneous flap, while 9 cases combined a fasciocutaneous flap with other surgery. Success was defined as no requirement of additional urethral instrumentation. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 68.9% (20 out of 29 cases) at a median follow-up of 19 months. Furthermore, fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty rendered the actual stricture-free rate of 79.3%. The location of recurrence was mostly at the junction of the flap. Among 9 surgical failures, 5 cases were treated successfully by using an additional surgical procedure. Fistula repair was needed in 1 case 4 months later. Further, periodic urethral dilation was performed in the remaining 3 cases. The failure rate was significantly higher in patients with suprapubic cystostomy than in patients without suprapubic cystostomy. The most common complication was post-micturition dribbling. CONCLUSIONS: Penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a useful method for the reconstruction of a long anterior urethral stricture. A sufficient healthy margin should be acquired for better surgical results due to the fact that most recurrence occurs at the junction of the flap.

Surgical Outcome of Urethroplasty Using Penile Circular Fasciocutaneous Flap for Anterior Urethral Stricture

PURPOSE: Penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a useful technique for a long anterior urethral stricture due to the flap's hairless nature and ample length. We investigated the surgical outcomes of urethroplasty for a complex anterior urethral stricture, performed using a penile circular fasciocutaneous flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2008 and 2013, we performed a retrospective review of 29 patients who underwent urethroplasty using a penile circular fasciocutaneous flap and had at least 6 months of follow-up. A total of 20 cases utilized only a fasciocutaneous flap, while 9 cases combined a fasciocutaneous flap with other surgery. Success was defined as no requirement of additional urethral instrumentation. RESULTS: The overall success rate was 68.9% (20 out of 29 cases) at a median follow-up of 19 months. Furthermore, fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty rendered the actual stricture-free rate of 79.3%. The location of recurrence was mostly at the junction of the flap. Among 9 surgical failures, 5 cases were treated successfully by using an additional surgical procedure. Fistula repair was needed in 1 case 4 months later. Further, periodic urethral dilation was performed in the remaining 3 cases. The failure rate was significantly higher in patients with suprapubic cystostomy than in patients without suprapubic cystostomy. The most common complication was post-micturition dribbling. CONCLUSIONS: Penile circular fasciocutaneous flap urethroplasty is a useful method for the reconstruction of a long anterior urethral stricture. A sufficient healthy margin should be acquired for better surgical results due to the fact that most recurrence occurs at the junction of the flap.