Molecular mechanism of ligustilide attenuating OGD/R injury in PC12 cells by inhibiting ferroptosis / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this study is to explore the mechanism of ligustilide, the main active constituent of essential oils of traditional Chinese medicine Angelicae Sinensis Radix, on alleviating oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R) injury in PC12 cells from the perspective of ferroptosis. OGD/R was induced in vitro, and 12 h after ligustilide addition during reperfusion, cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay. DCFH-DA staining was used to detect the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS). Western blot was employed to detect the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), transferrin receptor 1(TFR1), and solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11), and ferritinophagy-related proteins, nuclear receptor coactivator 4(NCOA4), ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1), and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3). The fluorescence intensity of LC3 protein was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The content of glutathione(GSH), malondialdehyde(MDA), and Fe was detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay. The effect of ligustilide on ferroptosis was observed by overexpression of NCOA4 gene. The results showed that ligustilide increased the viability of PC12 cells damaged by OGD/R, inhibited the release of ROS, reduced the content of Fe and MDA and the expression of TFR1, NCOA4, and LC3, and improved the content of GSH and the expression of GPX4, SLC7A11, and FTH1 compared with OGD/R group. After overexpression of the key protein NCOA4 in ferritinophagy, the inhibitory effect of ligustilide on ferroptosis was partially reversed, indicating that ligustilide may alleviate OGD/R injury of PC12 cells by blocking ferritinophagy and then inhibiting ferroptosis. The mechanism by which ligustilide reduced OGD/R injury in PC12 cells is that it suppressed the ferroptosis involved in ferritinophagy.

Mechanism of miR-186-5p Regulating PRKAA2 to Promote Ferroptosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common type of non-small cell lung cancer, and any change of miRNAs expression will affect the degree of target regulation, thus affecting intracellular homeostasis. This study verified that miR-186-5p could inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of LUAD cells by regulating PRKAA2.@*METHODS@#Previous investigations found that the expression of miR-186-5p was markedly suppressed in LUAD. Bioinformatics method is used to predict the target protein related to ferroptosis downstream and inquire about its expression level in LUAD and its influence on the survival of patients. Double luciferase verified the binding site of PRKAA2 and miR-186-5p. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression of PRKAA2. The effects of miR-186-5p of LUAD cells as well as the mechanism by which miR-186-5p inhibits Fer-1's sensitivity to ferroptosis were confirmed by EdU, Transwell, and scratch assays. The effect of miR-186-5p on the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LUAD cells was discovered using ROS experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) experiments were used to detect the effects of miR-186-5p and PRKAA2 on ferroptosis index of LUAD cells. The concentration of lipid ROS (L-ROS) in LUAD cells were measured using the L-ROS tests to determine the effects of miR-186-5p and PRKAA2.@*RESULTS@#The expression of PRKAA2 is up-regulated, and a high level of PRKAA2 expression was associated with a poor prognosis for patients with LUAD. Overexpression of miR-186-5p decreased the gene and protein expression of PRKAA2. By promoting ferroptosis, miR-186-5p overexpression prevented lung cancer cells from proliferating, invading, and migrating. ROS could be produced in higher amounts in LUAD cells due to miR-186-5p. Overexpression of miR-186-5p and knockdown PRKAA2 up-regulated MDA content and reduced GSH content in LUAD cells, respectively. miR-186-5p could increase the content of L-ROS and promote the ferroptosis sensitivity of LUAD cells by targeting PRKAA2.@*CONCLUSIONS@#miR-186-5p promotes ferroptosis of LUAD cells through targeted regulation of PRKAA2, thus inhibiting the proliferation, invasion and migration of LUAD.
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