Low-energy shock wave preconditioning reduces renal ischemic reperfusion injury caused by renal artery occlusion

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate whether low energy shock wave preconditioning could reduce renal ischemic reperfusion injury caused by renal artery occlusion. Methods: The right kidneys of 64 male Sprague Dawley rats were removed to establish an isolated kidney model. The rats were then divided into four treatment groups: Group 1 was the sham treatment group; Group 2, received only low-energy (12 kv, 1 Hz, 200 times) shock wave preconditioning; Group 3 received the same low-energy shock wave preconditioning as Group 2, and then the left renal artery was occluded for 45 minutes; and Group 4 had the left renal artery occluded for 45 minutes. At 24 hours and one-week time points after reperfusion, serum inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), creatinine (Cr), and cystatin C (Cys C) levels were measured, malondialdehyde (MDA) in kidney tissue was detected, and changes in nephric morphology were evaluated by light and electron microscopy. Results: Twenty-four hours after reperfusion, serum iNOS, NGAL, Cr, Cys C, and MDA levels in Group 3 were significantly lower than those in Group 4; light and electron microscopy showed that the renal tissue injury in Group 3 was significantly lighter than that in Group 4. One week after reperfusion, serum NGAL, KIM-1, and Cys C levels in Group 3 were significantly lower than those in Group 4. Conclusion: Low-energy shock wave preconditioning can reduce renal ischemic reperfusion injury caused by renal artery occlusion in an isolated kidney rat model.

Encircling needling combined with physical factor therapy for severe pressure sore / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the clinical efficacy difference between encircling needling combined with physical factor therapy and simple physical factor therapy for severe pressure sore, and to explore the optimal method for severe pressure sores.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-four patients with IV-grade pressure sore were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 17 cases in each one. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional nursing, ultrasonic wave and short-wave ultraviolet therapy; additionally, the encircling needling was applied in the observation group. All the treatment was given once a day, 5 times a week, and 4-week treatment constituted one session. Totally, two sessions of treatment were performed. Three indices, including the area of pressure sore, 24-h volume of exudates and wound-bed tissue type, were compared between the two groups before and after treatment; the clinical efficacy was evaluated in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment of one session and two sessions, the area of pressure sore, 24-h volume of exudates and wound-bed tissue type were significantly reduced in the two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), which was more obvious in the observation group (all P < 0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 76.5% (13/17) after 1 session and 94.1% (16/17) after 2 sessions, which were superior to 35.3% (6/17) after 1 session and 64.7% (11/17) after 2 sessions in the control group (both P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Encircling needling combined with physical factor therapy can obviously reduce the pressure sore area and 24-h volume of exudates and improve wound-bed tissue type, which is superior to simple physical factor therapy.</p>

Exposição ocupacional de fisioterapeutas aos campos elétrico e magnético e a eficácia das gaiolas de Faraday / Occupational exposure of physical therapists to electric and magnetic fields and the efficacy of Faraday cages

OBJETIVO: Medir a exposição de fisioterapeutas aos campos elétrico e magnético produzidos por 17 equipamentos de diatermia de ondas curtas (DOC) de clínicas de fisioterapia da cidade de Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brasil. Comparar os valores medidos com os níveis de exposição recomendados pelo ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection). Observar a eficácia das gaiolas de Faraday como medida de proteção à exposição dos fisioterapeutas aos campos elétrico e magnético oscilantes. MÉTODOS: As medidas dos campos elétrico e magnético foram realizadas durante sessões reais de tratamento fisioterápico, em quatro pontos: nas proximidades da pelve e da cabeça do operador, dos cabos elétricos dos aparelhos e dos eletrodos de aplicação. O equipamento de medição utilizado foi o EMR-200 da Wandell & Goltermann. RESULTADOS: Os valores obtidos nas proximidades dos eletrodos e cabos estavam de 10 a 30 vezes acima dos níveis de referência ocupacionais recomendados pela ICNIRP. Nas salas de tratamento com DOC com gaiola de Faraday, os campos encontrados foram ainda mais altos que os das salas sem esse revestimento, principalmente o campo magnético, com valores superiores a 100 vezes o limite de exposição da ICNIRP. CONCLUSÕES: As intensidades dos campos elétrico e magnético obtidas neste trabalho estão, de modo geral, acima dos níveis de exposição recomendados pelas normas da ICNIRP. Além disso observou-se que a gaiola de Faraday não fornece proteção aos fisioterapeutas mas aumenta os níveis de exposição aos quais estão submetidos estes profissionais.

OBJECTIVE: Measure physical therapists' exposure to the electric and magnetic fields produced by 17 shortwave diathermy devices in physical therapy clinics in the city of Presidente Prudente, São Paulo State, Brazil. Compare the observed values with the exposure levels recommended by the International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). Observe the efficacy of Faraday cages as a means of protecting physical therapists from exposure to oscillating electric and magnetic fields. METHODS: Electric and magnetic field measurements were taken at four points during actual physical therapy sessions: in proximity to the operator's pelvis and head, the devices' electrical cables, and the electrodes. The measuring equipment was a Wandel & Goltermann EMR-200. RESULTS: The values obtained in proximity to the electrodes and cables were 10 to 30 times higher than ICNIRP's recommended occupational reference levels. In the shortwave diathermy treatment rooms with Faraday cages, the fields were even higher than in treatment rooms not so equipped-principally the magnetic field, where the values were more than 100 times higher than the ICNIRP exposure limit. CONCLUSIONS: The electric and magnetic field intensities obtained in this study are generally above the exposure levels recommend in ICNIRP standards. It was also observed that the Faraday cage offers physical therapists no protection, and instead, increases their level of exposure.

Effects of activity modification on the patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.

A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted on 162 patients of osteoarthritis of knee were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups- Group A and Group B. The Group A was treated with shortwave diathermy, exercise, naproxen and activity modification and the Group B was treated with shortwave diathermy, exercise and naproxen. Improvement was found more in Group A than Group B after 4th week (95% CI was -2.59 to 6.56). Then it was found that the improvement was gradually increased in Group A than Group B and finally, it was found that there was highly significant improvement in Group A than Group B after 6th week (95% CI was -3.45 to -0.70). This study suggests that activity modification play an important role for the treatment of the patients with osteoarthritis of knee.

Ondas de choque focalizadas en el tratamiento de la sesamoiditis del hallux: 44 casos: Centro de Especialidades Traumatológicas de Venezuela (CETVEN) Valencia Estado Carabobo / Shock waves focalizadas in the treatment of the sesamoiditis of the hallux: 44 cases: Centro de Especialidades Traumatológicas de Venezuela (CETVEN) Valencia State Carabobo

Los sesamoides del hallux ubicados dentro del tendón del flexor corto del hallux reciben fibras del abductor y el aductor del hallux. La sesamoiditis es causa de dolor en la base del primer metatarsiano que esta oculta en muchas oportunidades. Puede estar asociada a otras patologías del pie como hallux valgus y fascitis plantar. Es causa frecuente de disminución de rendimiento deportivo y laboral. Su manejo ha sido difícil y los tratamientos AINES, fisioterapia, ortesis y cirugía con pobres resultados. Estudio experimental realizado en la Unidad de Ondas de Choque del Centro de Especialidades Traumatológicas de Venezuela (CENTVEN), Septiembre 2004 febrero 2005 en una serie completa de 44 pacientes con diagnóstico de sesamoiditis que recibieron tratamiento por ondas de choque focalizadas con equipo ORTHOSPEC clase IIA, intensidad de 0,04 a 0,16 mj/mm2, frecuencia de la onda 120 ondas por minuto con técnica multifocal. Se realiza evaluación inicial clínica e imagenológica, se emplea escala visual análoga (E.A.V.) y nivel de satisfacción del paciente. Valoración clínica control cada seis semanas posterior al tratamiento durante 12 meses. Se realiza análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial fundamentado con una diferencia entre medidas y técnicas Chi Cuadrado, usando nivel de significación de 0,05. Predomino sexo masculino con edad promedio 47 años. El 54 por ciento asociado a fascitis plantar proximal y 18 por ciento a hallux valgus; el 45 por ciento fueron atletas; inicio de analgesia promedio de 494 desviación de 262 ondas, total de ondas por sesión promedio de 930 con desviación estándar de 570 ondas, la diferencia entre medidas de las variables EAV Inicial y EAV Final y la asociación entre EA V Final y nivel de satisfacción a los doce meses resultaron significativas al nivel del 0,05. Concluyéndose que la efectividad de este procedimiento lo hace una opción terapéutica útil, y no invasivo para el manejo de la sesamoiditis.

Tratamento de pacientes com osteoartrite através da aplicação de ondas curtas pulsado atérmico: dose ideal e tempo de aplicação / Treatment of patients with osteoarthritis using nonthermal pulsed short waves: ideal doses and aplication time

Estudo de indivíduos do sexo feminino, com idade acima de 41 anos, portadores de osteoartrite de joelho ou da coluna lombar, sendo submetidos a uma avaliação subjetiva da intensidade de dor e quanto à amplitude do movimento de flexão do joelho

Extracorporeal shock waves therapy outcome in refractory chronic plantar faciitis and calcaneal spur

This study was carried out on 30 patients suffering from chronic plantar fasciitis with calcaneal spur and persistent heel pain for more than 12 months. Any other therapy was stopped for a period of two weeks before starting ESWT. All patients underwent pre- and post- treatment examination and follow up assessment through interviews after 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The patients were treated with high energy [HE] ESWT and received 2600 shock waves in a session. The second session was performed after four weeks for patients who did not achieve an excellent response. It was concluded that ESWT was recommended for patients suffering from refractory chronic pain and did not response to conservative treatment as an alternative therapy to surgical intervention

Effect of pulsed short wave on post operative and traumatic pain

Pain is a common symptoms in most of the diseases and injuries, its control or relief may be of a great importance for both the patient and the physical therapist. In this trial twenty volunteer patients, nine of them were post operative lumbar disc prolapse and the other eleven with traumatic back pain following jumping, lifting heavy weights or trauma to the back, those patients participated in this study to evaluate the effect of the pulsed short wave on relieving their pain, the treatment time was four weeks, the results showed a significant improvement

Histomorphochemical effects of shortwave diathermy on healing of experimental muscular injury in dogs.

The biceps femoris muscle was surgically incised and sutured in 10 clinically healthy mongrel dogs, aged 1-2 yr and weighing 10-15 kg. The surgical wounds of 5 dogs were exposed to shortwave diathermy for 5 min daily for 7 days, starting a day after the creation of trauma. The remaining 5 dogs served as control. After 15 days of healing, the tissues from biceps femoris muscle were collected and subjected to histomorphological and histochemical examination. Mature collagen bundles were seen at healing site in diathermy treated animals while there were immature collagen fibres and more number of fibroblasts in control animals. Normal muscle fibres could be seen on either side of the healing tissue in treated animals whereas in control animals, atrophied and necrosed muscle fibres were encountered. The neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides, lipid droplets in the intermyofibrillar area and the activity of alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase at the healing site was better in treated as compared to controls.